Ukuthi yini i-Hepatopulmonary Syndrome? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, kanye Nokwelashwa

I-Hepatopulmonary syndrome yinkinga enkulu yempumulo evela kubantu abanesifo sesibindi. Kwenzeka lapho imithambo emincane yegazi emaphaphwini akho ikhula ngokungavamile, okwenza kube nzima ukuba i-oksijini idlule emaphaphwini akho iye egazini lakho.

Lesi simo siqeda cishe abantu abangu-15-30% abanesifo sesibindi esingapheli, ikakhulu labo abane-cirrhosis. Nakuba kuzwakala kukhulu, ukuqonda ukuthi kwenzekani emzimbeni wakho kungakusiza ukusebenzisana neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuze uliphathe kahle.

Ukuthi yini i-Hepatopulmonary Syndrome?

I-Hepatopulmonary syndrome ivela lapho isifo sakho sesibindi sibangela izinguquko ezithile emithambweni yegazi yempumulo yakho. Imithambo emincane yegazi emaphaphwini akho, ebizwa ngokuthi i-capillaries, ikhula futhi idala ukuxhumana okungavamile.

Cabanga ngalokhu: ngokuvamile, igazi ligeleza ngezindlela ezincane, ezinembile emaphaphwini akho ukuze lithole i-oksijini ngokuphumelelayo. Ngo-hepatopulmonary syndrome, lezi zindlela ziyaba njengemigwaqo emikhulu lapho igazi lingagijima khona ngokushesha kakhulu ukuze lithole i-oksijini eyanele.

Lokhu kudala ukungafani phakathi komoya ophefumula nawo ne-oksijini efika egazini lakho. Amaphaphu akho asebenza, kodwa awakwazi ukudlulisa i-oksijini ngokuphumelelayo njengoba kufanele.

Ziyini Izimpawu ze-Hepatopulmonary Syndrome?

Izimpawu ze-hepatopulmonary syndrome zikhula kancane kancane futhi zivame ukufana nezibonakaliso zesifo sesibindi. Isibonakaliso esivame kakhulu ukuphefumula kanzima, ikakhulukazi uma usebenza noma uzikhandla.

Nazi izimpawu eziyinhloko ongazihlangabezana nazo:

• Ukuphefumula kanzima ngesikhathi somsebenzi womzimba noma ngisho nasekuphumuleni
• Ukuzizwa uphefumula kanzima uma uhleli phansi okuthuthuka uma ulele phansi
• Umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka omihlweni yakho, ezinzipeni zakho, noma esihlathini (okubizwa ngokuthi i-cyanosis)
• Ukukhathala nobuthakathaka obukhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
• Ukukhungatheka noma ukuzizwa ukhanya ekhanda
• Ukukhula kwezinzipi (izinzipi ziyaba zizungezile futhi zikhulu)
• Imithambo yegazi efana nezinambuzane ebonakala esihlathini sakho

Enye isibonakaliso esiyigugu ibizwa ngokuthi "i-platypnea-orthodeoxia." Lokhu kusho ukuthi uzizwa uphefumula kanzima uma uhleli phansi futhi uphefumula kalula uma ulele phansi. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba amandla adonsa phansi athinta indlela igazi egeleza ngayo kule mithambo yegazi emaphaphwini akhulile.

Abanye abantu baphawula ukuthi izimpawu zabo ziya ba zimbi kakhulu ezimeni ezithile noma uma bephuma ekuphumuleni beya ekuyimeni. Lezi zinguquko ezindleleni zokuphefumula yizinkomba ezibalulekile ezisiza odokotela ukuthi bahlonze lesi simo.

Yini ebangela i-Hepatopulmonary Syndrome?

I-Hepatopulmonary syndrome ibangelwa yisifo sesibindi, kodwa inqubo eqondile iyinkimbinkimbi. Uma isibindi sakho singasebenzi kahle, asikwazi ukuhlunga nokucubungula izinto egazini lakho ngendlela okufanele.

Izici eziningi zisebenza ndawonye ukuze zidale lesi simo:

• Ukubuthana kwezinto ezivamile ezihlanjululwa yisibindi esinempilo
• Ukuphuma kwezinto ezibangela ukuba imithambo yegazi ikhule ngokungavamile
• Ukwenziwa kokuxhumana okusha, okungavamile kwemithambo yegazi emaphaphwini
• Ukuncipha kokukwazi kwesibindi ukukhiqiza amaprotheni asiza ukulawula umsebenzi wemithambo yegazi
• Ukukhuluphala kwezingcindezi emithambweni yegazi ye-portal ngenxa yokulima kwesibindi

Izimo ezivamile zesibindi ezibangela i-hepatopulmonary syndrome zihlanganisa i-cirrhosis nganoma iyiphi imbangela, i-hepatitis engapheli, kanye ne-portal hypertension. Ngokuthakazelisayo, ububi besifo sakho sesibindi abukwazi njalo ukuqikelela ukuthi uzothola yini le nkinga yempumulo.

Kwezinye izimo ezingavamile, i-hepatopulmonary syndrome ingathuthuka kubantu abanesifo sesibindi esibuhlungu noma ngisho nasezimeni ezithile zesibindi ezinge-cirrhotic. Isici esiyinhloko kubonakala sengathi indlela isifo sesibindi esithinta ngayo ukukhiqizwa nokuhlanjululwa kwezinto ezithile ezilawula umsebenzi wemithambo yegazi.

Nini Okufanele Ubone Udokotela Nge-Hepatopulmonary Syndrome?

Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma unesifo sesibindi futhi uqaphela izinkinga zokuphefumula ezintsha noma ezimbi. Ukutholakala kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nokuphathwa kungathuthukisa kakhulu ikhwalithi yokuphila kwakho nemiphumela.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha uma uhlangabezana nalokhu:

• Ukuphefumula kanzima okusha, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi semisebenzi owayuyiphatha kalula
• Ukuphefumula okuya kubi uma uhleli noma ukuma
• Umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka omihlweni yakho, ezinzipeni zakho, noma esihlathini
• Ukukhathala okukhula okuhlupha imisebenzi yansuku zonke
• Ukukhungatheka noma ukuphelelwa amandla
• Ukukhuluphala ezinyaweni noma esiswini kanye nezinkinga zokuphefumula

Shaya ucingo lokunakekelwa okuphaphandayo uma uthola ukuphefumula kanzima okukhulu, ubuhlungu esifubeni, noma uma imilomo yakho noma isihlathi sakho siphenduka oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka. Lokhu kungabonisa ukuthi amazinga akho e-oksijini ewele emazingeni angozi.

Ngisho noma izimpawu zakho zibonakala zingenamandla, kubalulekile ukukhuluma nganoma yiziphi izinguquko zokuphefumula nodokotela wakho wesibindi noma udokotela wakho oyinhloko. Bangenza izivivinyo ezilula ukuze bahlole amazinga akho e-oksijini futhi banqume ukuthi kudingeka yini ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe.

Ziyini Izici Zengozi ze-Hepatopulmonary Syndrome?

Izici ezithile zikhuphula amathuba akho okuthola i-hepatopulmonary syndrome uma unesifo sesibindi. Isici esikhulu sokulimala ukuba ne-cirrhosis, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi yini ebangelwe ukulimala kwesibindi sakho.

Nazi izici eziyinhloko zengozi okumele uzibheke:

• I-Cirrhosis nganoma iyiphi imbangela (utshwala, i-hepatitis, isifo sesibindi esinamanoni, njll.)
• I-Portal hypertension (ukukhuluphala kwezingcindezi emithambweni yegazi yesibindi)
• Ukuba ohlwini lokuthola isibindi
• Ukuba ne-hepatitis B noma C engapheli
• Izifo zesibindi ze-autoimmune
• I-Primary biliary cholangitis
• I-Budd-Chiari syndrome (imithambo yegazi yesibindi evaliwe)

Ngokuthakazelisayo, ububi besifo sakho sesibindi abubikezeli ngqo ingozi yakho. Abanye abantu abanezinkinga zesibindi ezincane bathuthukisa i-hepatopulmonary syndrome, kanti abanye abane-cirrhosis ebuhlungu abayitholi.

Ubudala nobulili kubonakala sengathi azilona izici eziyinhloko zengozi, nakuba lesi simo sivame ukutholakala kubantu abadala. Uma unezifo zesibindi ezingapheli, udokotela wakho kufanele akuqaphele izimpawu zezinkinga zempumulo ngesikhathi sokuhlola kwakho okuvamile.

Ziyini Izingozi Ezingaba khona ze-Hepatopulmonary Syndrome?

I-Hepatopulmonary syndrome ingabangela izinkinga ezingathi sína uma ingaphathwa. Ukukhathazeka okuyinhloko ukwanda kokubi kwamazinga e-oksijini egazini lakho, okuthinta ikhono lomzimba wakho wonke lokusebenza kahle.

Izingozi ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• I-Hypoxemia ebuhlungu (amazinga e-oksijini egazini aphansi kakhulu)
• Ukucindezeleka kwesibindi sokunene ngenxa yokusebenza kanzima ukuze kugeleze igazi ngemaphaphu athintekayo
• Ukungena engozini yokubeletha ngenxa yezicucu zegazi noma amabhabhu emoya
• Ukuncipha kokubekezelela komsebenzi womzimba nekhalithi yokuphila
• Ukungena engozini yokwehla ngenxa yokukhungatheka nobuthakathaka
• Ukuphazamiseka kokulala nokukhathala
• Ukudideka nokukhathazeka ngenxa yobunzima bokuphefumula

Ezimweni ezimbi, lesi simo singaba yingozi eyingozi njengoba umzimba wakho ulwa ukuthola i-oksijini eyanele. Kungakho ukutholakala kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nokuphathwa kubaluleke kakhulu.

Abanye abantu bathuthukisa izingozi ezingavamile njenge-brain abscesses noma i-strokes. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba imithambo yegazi emaphaphwini engavamile ingavumela amabhaktheriya noma izicucu zegazi ezincane ukuba zidlule ngesistimu evamile yokusihlunga yamaphaphu futhi zifike ebuchosheni.

I-Hepatopulmonary Syndrome Ihlonishwa Kanjani?

Ukuhlonza i-hepatopulmonary syndrome kudinga ukuhlolwa okuningi ukuze kuqinisekiswe kokubili izinkinga zokuphefumula kanye nezinguquko zemithambo yegazi yempumulo engaphansi. Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokuhlolwa komzimba nokubuyekezwa kwezimpawu zakho.

Inqubo yokuhlola ngokuvamile ihlanganisa:

• I-Pulse oximetry ukuze ilinganise amazinga e-oksijini egazini lakho
• I-Arterial blood gas test ukuze ihlole amazinga e-oksijini ne-carbon dioxide
• I-Contrast echocardiography ukuze ibuke ukugeleza kwegazi okungavamile emaphaphwini
• I-Chest X-ray ukuze ikhiphe ezinye izinkinga zempumulo
• Izivivinyo zomsebenzi wempumulo ukuze ihlole ukuthi amaphaphu akho asebenza kangcono kangakanani
• I-Nuclear medicine lung scan ukuze ithole ukuxhumana okungavamile kwemithambo yegazi

I-contrast echocardiography ibaluleke kakhulu. Ngalesi sivivinyo, odokotela bafake amabhabhu amancane egazini lakho futhi babuke ukuthi ahambela kanjani enhliziyweni yakho nasemaphaphwini akho. Ngo-hepatopulmonary syndrome, la mabhabhu abonakala ngakwesobunxele senhliziyo yakho, okubonisa ukuxhumana okungavamile kwemithambo yegazi yempumulo.

Udokotela wakho uzobuye abale into ebizwa ngokuthi i-alveolar-arterial oxygen gradient. Leli gama elihle libonisa nje ukuthi bayalinganisa kangcono kangakanani i-oksijini evela emaphaphwini akho iye egazini lakho. I-gradient ephezulu isikisela i-hepatopulmonary syndrome.

Yini Ukuphathwa kwe-Hepatopulmonary Syndrome?

Ukuphathwa kwe-hepatopulmonary syndrome kugxile ekulawuleni izimpawu nasekulungiseni isifo sesibindi esingaphansi. Ngeshwa, ayikho imithi engabuyekeza izinguquko zemithambo yegazi yempumulo uma seziqalile.

Izindlela eziyinhloko zokwelapha zihlanganisa:

• I-Supplemental oxygen therapy ukuthuthukisa amazinga e-oksijini egazini
• Ukuphathwa kwesifo sesibindi esingaphansi ukuvimbela ukuqhubeka
• Ukuhlinzwa kwesibindi kulabo abafanelekayo
• Imithi ekusiza ngokuphefumula nokugijima kwegazi
• Ukuqeqeshwa kwempumulo ukuthuthukisa ukubekezelela komsebenzi womzimba
• Ukulawulwa kwezingozi njengezinkinga zenhliziyo

Ukuhlinzwa kwesibindi kuvame ukuba yindlela yokwelapha ephumelelayo kakhulu ngoba kungabuyekeza ngempela izinguquko zemithambo yegazi yempumulo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Abantu abaningi babona ukuthuthuka okukhulu ekuphumeni kwabo ngezinyanga ezimbalwa ngemva kokuthola isibindi esiphumelelayo.

Kulabo abangabafanelekile bokuhlinzwa, i-oksijini therapy iba yindlela ebaluleke kakhulu yokwelapha. Lokhu kungasho ukusebenzisa i-oksijini ephathekayo ngesikhathi semisebenzi noma ngisho ne-oksijini eqhubekayo uma amazinga akho aphansi kakhulu.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezilingwa ziyaqhubeka zifundwa, kuhlanganise nemithi ethonya umsebenzi wemithambo yegazi, kodwa lezi azikabi ukunakekelwa okuvamile. Iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizosisebenzisana nawe ukuze lithole ukuxuba okuhle kakhulu kwezindlela zokwelapha zesimo sakho esithile.

Indlela Yokuphatha i-Hepatopulmonary Syndrome Ekhaya?

Ukuphila ne-hepatopulmonary syndrome kudinga ukulungiswa okuthile endleleni yakho yansuku zonke, kodwa abantu abaningi bagcina ikhwalithi yokuphila enhle ngokuphathwa okuhle. Okubalulekile ukufunda ukuzikhawula nokusebenzisa izindlela zakho zokwelapha kahle.

Nansi indlela ongasiza ngayo ukulawula isimo sakho ekhaya:

• Sebenzisa i-oksijini eyongeziwe njengoba kunqunyiwe udokotela wakho
• Thatha amaphumulo avamile ngesikhathi semisebenzi
• Lala ngekhanda eliphakeme ukuze kulula ukuphefumula
• Gwema ukubhema nokubhema okwesibili ngokuphelele
• Hlala unolwazi ngokugoma, ikakhulukazi izigaxa ze-influenza ne-pneumonia
• Gcina ukudla okuhle ukuze usekele isibindi sakho nempilo yakho yonke
• Qaphela izimpawu zakho futhi ubike izinguquko eqenjini lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo

Ukufunda ukusebenzisa i-oksijini ephathekayo ngokuphumelelayo kungathuthukisa kakhulu ukuhamba kwakho nokuzimela kwakho. Abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi bangaqhubeka besebenza futhi bajabulela imisebenzi ngokusekelwa kwe-oksijini efanele.

Kubalulekile futhi ukuba nenqubo yokuphatha ukwanda kwezimpawu noma izimpawu ezimbi. Yazi ukuthi nini kufanele uxhumane neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo futhi nini kufanele ufune ukunakekelwa okuphaphandayo. Ukuba nale nqubo kunganciphisa ukukhathazeka futhi kukusize uphendule ngokufanele uma izimpawu ziguquka.

Kufanele Uzilungiselele Kanjani Ukuya Kulodokotela?

Ukulungiselela ukuya kwakho kudokotela kungakusiza uthole okuningi kakhulu ekuhlanganyeleni kwakho futhi kuqinisekise ukuthi konke ukukhathazeka kwakho kuyaqondwa. Njengoba i-hepatopulmonary syndrome ihlanganisa izinkinga zesibindi nempumulo, ungase ubona ochwepheshe abaningi.

Ngaphambi kokuthi uye kudokotela, buthana nalolu lwazi:

• Uhlu lwemithi yakho yonke namasuplimenti
• Umbhalo wezimpawu zakho, kuhlanganise nokuthi zaqala nini nokuthi yini eyenza zibe ngcono noma zimbi
• Ukufunda kwakho kwe-oksijini uma uzihlola ekhaya
• Imibuzo mayelana nezindlela zokwelapha nokuthi yini okulindelekile
• Ulwazi mayelana nesistimu yakho yokusekela nesimo sakho sokuphila
• Ulwazi loku-inshurensi nanoma yiziphi izidingo zokugunyazwa kwangaphambili

Bhala phansi imibuzo ethile ofuna ukuyibuza, njengokuthi ingabe ungumuntu ofanelekile wokuthola isibindi, ukuthi yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezingasiza izimpawu zakho, noma indlela yokuphatha imisebenzi yansuku zonke ngezinkinga zokuphefumula.

Letha ilungu lomndeni noma umngani uma kungenzeka. Bangakusiza ukuba ukhumbule ulwazi olubalulekile futhi banikeze ukusekela ngesikhathi soxoxisana ngezindlela zokwelapha. Unganqikazi ukubuza iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuba lichaze izinto ngezindlela ezilula uma ulimi lobuchwepheshe luyadideka.

Yini Okubalulekile Mayelana ne-Hepatopulmonary Syndrome?

I-Hepatopulmonary syndrome yinkinga ebuhlungu kodwa ephatheka kalula yesifo sesibindi esithinta ikhono lamaphaphu akho lokudlulisa i-oksijini egazini lakho. Nakuba ingaphathwa ngemithi, kukhona izindlela zokwelapha eziphumelelayo ezisiza ekulawuleni izimpawu nasekuthuthukiseni ikhwalithi yokuphila.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi ukutholakala kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nokuphathwa kwenza umehluko omkhulu kwimiphumela. Uma unesifo sesibindi futhi uqaphela izinkinga zokuphefumula, ungalindi ukufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.

Abantu abaningi abane-hepatopulmonary syndrome baqhubeka bephila impilo enenjongo, esebenzayo ngokwelashwa okuhle nokusekelwa. Ukuhlinzwa kwesibindi kungabuyekeza ngisho lesi simo ezimweni eziningi, kunikeza ithemba lokuthuthuka isikhathi eside.

Ukusebenzisana eduze neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo, ukuhlala unolwazi ngesimo sakho, nokugcina umbono omuhle kungakusiza ukuba ubhekane nalesi sithi ngempumelelo. Khumbula ukuthi awuwedwa kule ndlela, futhi ukusekelwa kukhona.

Imibuzo Evamile Mayelana ne-Hepatopulmonary Syndrome

Ingavimbeka yini i-hepatopulmonary syndrome?

Ngeshwa, ayikho indlela eqinisekisiwe yokuvimbela i-hepatopulmonary syndrome uma unesifo sesibindi. Indlela engcono kakhulu ukuphatha isimo sakho sesibindi esingaphansi kahle futhi ube nokuhlola okuvamile ukuze uthole noma yiziphi izingozi zempumulo ngokushesha. Ukugwema utshwala, ukugcina isisindo esinempilo, nokulandela izincomo zedokotela wakho wesibindi kungasiza ekuthambiseni ukuqhubeka kwesifo sesibindi.

Ungahlala isikhathi esingakanani ne-hepatopulmonary syndrome?

Umbono uhluka kakhulu kuye ngobubi besimo sakho nokuthi ungumuntu ofanelekile wokuthola isibindi. Abanye abantu bahlala iminyaka eminingi ngokwelashwa okuhle, kanti abanye bangase babe nombono omncane. Iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lingakunika umbono omuhle wokulindela kuye ngesimo sakho esithile nempilo yakho yonke.

Ingaba yimbi yini i-hepatopulmonary syndrome ngokuhamba kwesikhathi?

Yebo, i-hepatopulmonary syndrome ngokuvamile iyaqhubeka kancane kancane uma ingaphathwa. Noma kunjalo, izinga lokuqhubeka lihlukahluka kumuntu nomuntu. Abanye abantu bahlangabezana nezinguquko ezincane eminyakeni eminingi, kanti abanye bangase baphawule ukwanda okusheshayo. Ukuqapha okuvamile nokuphathwa okuhle kungasiza ekuthambiseni ukuqhubeka nasekulawuleni izimpawu kahle.

Ingasiza yini imisebenzi yomzimba ne-hepatopulmonary syndrome?

Ukuzivocavoca okuthambile nokuqeqeshwa kwempumulo kungaba usizo kubantu abaningi abane-hepatopulmonary syndrome. Noma kunjalo, kuzodingeka ulungise imisebenzi yakho kuye ngezinga lakho le-oksijini nekhono lokuphefumula. Iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lingakusiza ukwakha uhlelo lokuzivocavoca oluvikelekile olungase luhlanganise ukuhamba, ukuzivocavoca kokuphefumula, nokuqeqeshwa kwamandla ngokusekelwa kwe-oksijini efanele.

Ingabe ngizodinga i-oksijini therapy ukuphila kwami konke?

Lokhu kuya kuye ngesimo sakho esithile nezindlela zokwelapha. Uma uthola isibindi futhi siphumelela, ungase ekugcineni ukwazi ukunciphisa noma uyeke i-oksijini therapy njengoba imithambo yegazi yempumulo ibuya evamile. Kulabo abangabafanelekile bokuhlinzwa, i-oksijini therapy yesikhathi eside ivame ukudingeka, kodwa abantu abaningi bazijwayeza kahle futhi bagcina ikhwalithi yokuphila enhle ngezinhlelo ze-oksijini ephathekayo.