Ukuqhuma Kwediski: Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

I-herniated disk kwenzeka lapho i-gel ebushelelezi, ephakathi kwediski yomgogodla isunduzela ngaphandle kwesikhumba sayo esiqinile. Cabanga ngejeli ephuma kwi-donut uma ucindezela kakhulu.

Lesi simo siqheleke kakhulu futhi sithinta izigidi zabantu minyaka yonke. Nakuba singabangela ukungakhululeki okukhulu, izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izindiki eziningi eziqhumile ziyaphola zodwa ngokunakekelwa okuqondile nesikhathi.

Iyini i-herniated disk?

Umgogodla wakho unezindiki ezingu-23 eziqondene njengezikhukhula phakathi kwama-vertebrae (amathambo omgogodla). Idiski ngayinye inebhande langaphandle eliqinile elibizwa nge-annulus kanye ne-gel ebushelelezi ephakathi elibizwa nge-nucleus.

Uma ibhande langaphandle liqhekeka noma libuthakathaka, into engaphakathi ingaphuma noma igeleze. Lokhu kudala lokho odokotela abakubiza ngokuthi i-herniated, slipped, noma i-ruptured disk.

Into ephumile ingacindezela izinsimbi eziseduze, ibangele ubuhlungu, ukungathandeki, noma ubuthakathaka. Noma kunjalo, abantu abaningi bane-herniated disks ngaphandle kwanoma yiziphi izimpawu.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-herniated disk?

Izimpawu ze-herniated disk zihluka kakhulu kuye ngokuthi i-disk ikuphi nokuthi icindezela yini inzwa. Abanye abantu abanawo noma yimiphi impawu, kanti abanye banezingcindezi ezinkulu.

Nazi izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ongaziqaphela:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu, obukhulu obuhamba phansi kwelanga lakho (sciatica) noma ingalo
• Ukungathandeki noma ukukhahlela endaweni ethintekayo
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha ohlangothini lwakho, unyawo, ingalo, noma isandla
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu noma obuhlungu emhlane wakho noma entanyeni
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu uma uhleli, ukhukhumala, noma ukhwehlela
• Ukuqina emhlane wakho noma entanyeni

Izimpawu ezingavamile kodwa ezingathi sína zifaka ubuthakathaka obukhulu ezinyaweni zombili, ukulahlekelwa kokulawula kwesisu noma esisu, noma ubuhlungu obukhulu obuqala ngokuzumayo. Lezi zimpawu zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Indawo ye-herniated disk yakho inqamula lapho uzizwa khona izimpawu. Ukuqhuma emhlane ophansi kuvame ukubangela ubuhlungu ohlangothini, kuyilapho ukuqhuma entanyeni kuvame ukubangela izandla zakho nezingalo.

Ziyini izinhlobo ze-herniated disks?

I-herniated disks ihlelwa ngendawo yayo emgogodleni wakho kanye nobukhulu bokuqhuma. Ukuqonda lezi zinto kuzokusiza ukuba uxhumane kangcono nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo.

Ngokwezindawo, i-herniated disks ivela ezindaweni ezintathu eziyinhloko:

• I-Lumbar herniated disks (umhlane ophansi) - evame kakhulu, ithinta cishe u-90% yezimangalo
• I-Cervical herniated disks (entanyeni) - yesibili evame kakhulu
• I-Thoracic herniated disks (emhlane ophakathi) - engavamile kodwa ingaba yingozi kakhulu

Ngokubunzima, odokotela bachaza ukuqhuma njengokulandelayo:

• Ukuqhuma kwediski - i-disk isunduzela kodwa ihlala ivalwe ngaphakathi kwesikhumba sangaphandle
• Ukuphuma kwediski - into engaphakathi iphula kodwa ihlala ixhunyiwe
• Ukuphuma kwediski - into engaphakathi iphula futhi ihlukaniswe kwediski
• Ukuhlukaniswa - izingxenye ze-disk material ziqhekeka ngokuphelele

Uhlobo ngalunye lungabangela amazinga ahlukene ezimpawu, nakuba ubukhulu bungavami ukufana nobuhlungu obuzizwayo.

Yini ebangela i-herniated disk?

I-herniated disks ithuthukiswa ngokuhlanganiswa kokugqwala okuhlobene nobudala kanye nezinye izinto ezibangela.

Izinto eziningi zingase zifake isandla ekuqhumeni kwediski:

• Ukugqwala kwediski okuhlobene nobudala (imbangela evame kakhulu)
• Ukuphakamisa okuyisikhathi esisodwa okunzima ngendlela embi
• Ukugoqa noma ukujikeleza ngesikhathi uphakamisa
• Ukulimala okuthintayo okuvela ekuweni noma ezingozi
• Ukuqina okuphindaphindayo emsebenzini noma emidlalweni
• Ukukhuluphala okufaka ingcindezi eyengeziwe ezindikini zomgogodla

Ngesinye isikhathi, izimo eziyizizukulwane ezingavamile zingenza izindiki zakho zibe lula ekuqhumeni. Lokhu kufaka izifo zezicubu ezihlanganayo noma ukungapheleli komgogodla owudluliselwe.

Ezimweni eziningi, ayikho imbangela eyodwa ebonakalayo. Idiski yakho ingase ibe ibuthakathaka kancane kancane kuze kube yilapho ukunyakaza okulula njengokuhweleza noma ukukhothama kubangela ukuqhuma kokugcina.

Nini okufanele ubona udokotela nge-herniated disk?

Kufanele uxhumane nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uma ubuhlungu emhlane noma entanyeni buphazamisa imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke noma buhlala izinsuku ezimbalwa. Ukubheka kwasekuqaleni kungavimbela izinkinga futhi kukusize uphulukise ngokushesha.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngalezi zimpawu:

• Ubuhlungu obuhamba phansi kwengalo yakho noma ohlangothini
• Ukungathandeki, ukukhahlela, noma ubuthakathaka ezinyaweni zakho
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu naphezu kokupumula nezinye izidakamizwa
• Ubunzima bokufeza imisebenzi evamile
• Ukuphazamiseka kokulala ngenxa yobuhlungu

Thola ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo uma uhlangabezana nalokhu:

• Ukulahlekelwa kokulawula kwesisu noma esisu
• Ubuthakathaka obuqhubekayo ezinyaweni zombili
• Ukungathandeki emadolweni noma ezinhlangothini zangaphakathi
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu obuqala ngokuzumayo

Lezi zimpawu eziphuthumayo, nakuba zingavamile, zingabonisa ukucindezelwa okukhulu kwezinzwa okudinga ukwelashwa okusheshayo ukuvimbela ukulimala okuhlala njalo.

Ziyini izinto ezingaba yingozi ze-herniated disk?

Ukuqonda izinto ezingaba yingozi kungakusiza ukuba uthathe izinyathelo zokuvikela impilo yomgogodla wakho. Ezinye izinto ungazilawula, kanti ezinye ziyisigaba sempilo.

Ubudala yinto enkulu engaba yingozi ongayishintshi. Izindiki eziningi eziqhumile zenzeka phakathi kweminyaka engu-30 no-50, lapho izindiki ziqala ukulahlekelwa ukuguquguquka kodwa abantu basaphila.

Izinto ezingalawuleka zifaka:

• Isisindo esingaphezulu somzimba esifaka ingcindezi eyengeziwe emgogodleni wakho
• Ukubhema, okunciphisa i-oksijini ezindikini futhi kusheshisa ukugqwala
• Isimo esibi somzimba ngesikhathi semisebenzi yansuku zonke
• Ukwehluleka kokuzivocavoca okujwayelekile okubangela imisipha ebuthakathaka
• Imisebenzi edinga ukuphakamisa okunzima, ukukhothama, noma ukujikeleza
• Imidlalo noma imisebenzi ephakeme

Izinto ezingalawuleki zifaka:

• Ukukhethwa kwezinto eziyizizukulwane ezinkingeni zediski
• Ubulili besilisa (ingozi encane enkulu)
• Ukulimala komgogodla kwangaphambili
• Ezinye izisebenzi ngokucindezela okuphindaphindayo komgogodla

Ukuba nezinto ezingaba yingozi akusho ukuthi uzoba ne-herniated disk. Abantu abaningi abanezinto eziningi ezingaba yingozi abanawo ubunzima, kanti abanye abanezingozi ezimbalwa bayaba nayo.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingaba khona ze-herniated disk?

Izindiki eziningi eziqhumile ziyaphola ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezinzima, kodwa kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi yini engase ibe khona uma isimo sibe sibi noma singaphathwa. Ukuqaphela kwasekuqaleni kusiza ukuvimbela lezi zinkinga.

Izinkinga ezivamile ezingathuthuka zifaka:

• Ubuhlungu obuhlala njalo obuhlala izinyanga noma iminyaka
• Ukulimala kwezinzwa okuhlala njalo okubangela ubuthakathaka obuqhubekayo
• Ukulahlekelwa kokuzwa ezindaweni ezithintekayo
• Ubunzima bokuhamba noma ukufeza imisebenzi emincane
• Ukuqhuma okuphindaphindayo kwezindiki ezifanayo noma eziseduze

Izinkinga ezingavamile kodwa ezingathi sína zifaka:

• I-Cauda equina syndrome - ukucindezelwa kwezimpande zezinzwa okubangela ukulahlekelwa kokulawula kwesisu/esisu
• Ukulahlekelwa ngokuphelele kokusebenza kwemisipha ezinyaweni ezithintekayo
• I-Saddle anesthesia - ukungathandeki ezindaweni ezingathinta i-saddle
• Ukuwohloka okuqhubekayo kwezinzwa

Lezi zinkinga ezinzima azivamile futhi zivame ukuvinjelwa ngokwelashwa okuqondile. Abantu abaningi baphola ngokuphelele noma cishe ngokuphelele e-herniated disk yabo ngokunakekelwa okuqondile.

Ingavikeleka kanjani i-herniated disk?

Nakuba ungakwazi ukuvimbela ngokuphelele i-herniated disks, ikakhulukazi ezihlobene nobudala, unganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho ngokukhetha impilo enempilo. Ukuvimbela kugxile ekuqondeni umgogodla wakho uqine futhi uguquguquke.

Izindlela eziyinhloko zokuvimbela zifaka:

• Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo ukuze kunciphisa ingcindezi emgogodleni
• Ukuzivocavoca njalo ukuze uqinise imisipha yomzimba nomhlane
• Ukusebenzisa amasu okupakamisa afanele - khukhumala ngamadolo akho, hhayi umhlane wakho
• Ukugcina isimo esihle somzimba ngesikhathi uhleli nokuma
• Ukuyeka ukubhema ukuze uthuthukise impilo yediski
• Ukuthatha izikhathi ezivamile zokuphumula ekuhlaleni isikhathi eside
• Ukulala embhedeni osekela

Ukuvimbela emsebenzini kufaka:

• Ukusebenzisa ifenisha nemishini ye-ergonomic
• Ukuthatha izikhathi zokwelula njalo
• Ukuthola usizo ngokuphakamisa okunzima
• Ukuqeda ukujikeleza okuphindaphindayo

Nakuba lezi zinyathelo zingakwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ngeke ube ne-herniated disk, zithuthukisa kakhulu impilo yomgogodla wakho futhi zinciphisa ingozi yakho yonke.

I-herniated disk ihlonishwa kanjani?

Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngengxoxo ephelele yezimpawu zakho kanye nokuhlolwa komzimba. Lokhu kubheka kwasekuqaleni kuvame ukunikeza ulwazi oluwanele ukwenza ukuxilongwa kwasekuqaleni.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa komzimba, udokotela wakho uzohlola izimpendulo zakho, amandla emisipha, ikhono lokuhamba, nokubona. Bangase benze ukuhlolwa okuqondile njengokukucela ukuba ulethe futhi uphakamise unyawo lwakho ukubona ukuthi kuphinda yini ubuhlungu bakho.

Izivivinyo zokuthola izithombe zivame ukudingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuxilongwa:

• I-X-rays - ibonisa ukwakheka kwamathambo kodwa hhayi izicubu ezithambile njengezindiki
• I-MRI - inikeza izithombe ezinemininingwane yezindiki, izinzwa, nezicubu ezizungezile
• I-CT scan - isebenziseka uma i-MRI ingasebenzi noma yokuthola izithombe ezinemininingwane yamathambo
• I-Myelogram - i-CT noma i-MRI ekhethekile enenhlaka yokulinganisa izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi

Ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kwezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi kungafaka:

• I-Electromyography (EMG) - ilinganisa umsebenzi wamagetsi emisipha
• Izivivinyo zokuphatha izinzwa - hlola ukuthi izinzwa zithumela kanjani izibonakaliso
• I-Diskography - ukugeza inhlaka yokulinganisa ngqo ezindikini

Udokotela wakho uzokhetha izivivinyo ezifanele kakhulu kuye ngezimpawu zakho nezitholakala zokuhlola.

Iyini ukwelashwa kwe-herniated disk?

Ukwelashwa kwe-herniated disks kuvame ukuqala ngokulula futhi kuqhubeke kube nzima uma kudingeka. Abantu abaningi bayathuthuka kakhulu ngokwelashwa okungekho ekuhlinzweni phakathi kwamasonto angu-6-12.

Ukwelashwa okuqala okulula kufaka:

• Ukuphumula nokuguqula umsebenzi (gwema imisebenzi ebangela ubuhlungu)
• Imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu engaphezulu kokuthengwa njenge-ibuprofen noma i-acetaminophen
• Ukwelashwa nge-ice amahora angu-48 okuqala, bese kuba ukwelashwa ngobushushu
• Ukuzivocavoca okuthambile nokwenza imisebenzi ngokuvumelana
• Ukwelashwa komzimba ukuze kuqinise imisipha ekusekela

Uma ukwelashwa okulula kungasizi ngemuva kwamasonto angu-6-8, udokotela wakho angase akukhuthaze:

• Imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu noma imithi yokunciphisa imisipha
• Ukugeza i-steroid epidural ukuze kunciphisa ukuvuvukala
• Amasu akhethekile okwelashwa komzimba
• Ukwelashwa kwe-Chiropractic (ngemvume yezokwelapha)
• I-Acupuncture yokulawula ubuhlungu

Ukuhlinzwa kucabangelwa kuphela uma:

• Ukwelashwa okulula kuhluleka ngemuva kwezinyanga ezingu-3-6
• Unezimpawu ezinzima zezinzwa
• Uhlangabezana nobuthakathaka obuqhubekayo
• Izimpawu eziphuthumayo njenge-cauda equina syndrome zivele

Amakhetho okuhlinzwa afaka i-microdiskectomy, i-laminectomy, noma ezimweni ezingavamile, ukufakwa kwediski. Udokotela wakho uzoxoxa ngokukhetha okuhle kakhulu esimweni sakho.

Indlela yokuphatha i-herniated disk ekhaya?

Ukuphathwa ekhaya kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuphulukiseni kwakho e-herniated disk. Ukuhlanganiswa okuqondile kokupumula, umsebenzi, nokunakekelwa kwakho kungasheshisa inqubo yakho yokwelapha.

Amasu okulawula ubuhlungu ongazama ekhaya afaka:

• Faka i-ice imizuzu engu-15-20 izikhathi eziningi ngosuku ngamahora angu-48 okuqala
• Shintshela ekwelapheni ngobushushu ngemuva kokuba ukuvuvukala okuqala kuphele
• Thatha imithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala engaphezulu kokuthengwa njengoba kuqondiswe
• Sebenzisa izikhukhula ezisekelayo ngesikhathi ulele ukuze ugcine ukulingana komgogodla
• Zama ukuzivocavoca okuthambile njengoba kunconywe ngumhlinzeki wakho wezempilo

Ukuguqula umsebenzi kubaluleke kakhulu:

• Gwema ukuhlala isikhathi eside, ikakhulukazi ezihlalweni ezithambile
• Thatha izikhathi zokuhamba njalo usuku lonke
• Gwema ukuphakamisa okunzima, ukukhothama, noma ukujikeleza
• Lala ohlangothini lwakho ngesikhukhula phakathi kwamadolo akho
• Shesha kancane ukwanda komsebenzi njengoba ubuhlungu buthuthuka

Khumbula ukuthi ukulala embhedeni ngokuphelele ngaphezu kosuku olu-1-2 kungase kucolise ukwelashwa kwakho. Ukwenza imisebenzi kancane nokubuyela emisebenzini evamile ngokujwayelekile kusiza kakhulu kunokungasebenzi nhlobo.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho yodokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-aphoyintimenti yakho kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukuxilongwa okuqondile kakhulu kanye nelenkaneli yokwelapha. Ukulungiselela okuhle kuwonga isikhathi futhi kusiza udokotela wakho ukuqonda isimo sakho kangcono.

Ngaphambi kwe-aphoyintimenti yakho, bhala phansi:

• Lapho izimpawu zakho zaqala futhi wenza ini
• Inkulumo enemininingwane yobuhlungu bakho (indawo, ubukhulu, ikhwalithi)
• Yini eyenze izimpawu zakho zibe ngcono noma zibe zimbi
• Yonke imithi kanye nezithasiselo ozithathayo
• Ukulimala komhlane kwangaphambili noma ukwelashwa
• Indlela izimpawu ezithinta ngayo imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke

Letha nawe:

• Uhlu lwemithi yakho yonke
• Amarekhodi ezempilo wangaphambili ahlobene nezinkinga zomhlane
• Amakhadi yomshuwalense kanye nokuhlonza
• Noma yiziphi izifundo zokuthola izithombe osevele uzitholile
• Uhlu olubhaliwe lwemibuzo yodokotela wakho

Imibuzo emihle yokubuza ifaka isikhathi sokuphulukisa esivamile, imisebenzi okufanele uyigweme, lapho ungabuya emsebenzini, kanye nezibonakaliso zokuqaphela ezidinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo.

Iyini into ebalulekile nge-herniated disks?

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyiqonde nge-herniated disks ukuthi iyakwelashwa, futhi abantu abaningi baphola kahle ngokunakekelwa okuqondile. Nakuba ubuhlungu bungaba nzima futhi bubangele ukwesaba, lesi simo asivami ukubangela ukulimala okuhlala njalo.

Isikhathi ngokuvamile yilona elihle kakhulu ekuphulukiseni. Izindiki eziningi eziqhumile ziyathuthuka kakhulu phakathi kwamasonto angu-6-12 ngokwelashwa okulula, futhi abantu abaningi babuyela emisebenzini yabo yonke.

Ukuhlanganyela kwakho okusebenzayo ekwelapheni kwenza umehluko omkhulu. Ukulandela izincomo zomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo, ukuhlala usebenzile ngangokunokwenzeka, nokugcina umbono omuhle konke kuhlanganyela emiphumeleni emihle.

Ungangabazi ukufuna usizo uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu. Ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kuvame ukubangela ukwelashwa okusheshayo futhi kusiza ukuvimbela izinkinga. Ngendlela efanele, ungabuya ekuphileni kwakho ngokugcwele.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwayo nge-herniated disks

Ingaphola yodwa yini i-herniated disk?

Yebo, izindiki eziningi eziqhumile zingaphola zodwa uma zinikezwa isikhathi esanele. Umzimba wakho unezindlela zokwelapha zemvelo ezingase zithathe into ephumile yediski futhi zunciphisa ukuvuvukala ezizungezile izinzwa ezithintekayo.

Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi u-80-90% wabantu abane-herniated disks bayathuthuka kakhulu phakathi kwamasonto angu-6-12 ngaphandle kokuhlinzwa. Noma kunjalo, lokhu akusho ukuthi kufanele ungazinaki izimpawu noma ugweme ukwelashwa - ukunakekelwa okuqondile kungasheshisa ukwelashwa futhi kuvimbele izinkinga.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuze i-herniated disk iphulukise?

Isikhathi sokuphola sihluka kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu, kodwa abantu abaningi babona ukuthuthuka okukhulu phakathi kwamasonto angu-6-12 okwelashwa okulula. Abanye abantu bazizwa bekhulu kakhulu ezinsukwini ezimbalwa, kanti abanye bangathatha izinyanga eziningi.

Izinto ezithinta isikhathi sokuphola zifaka ubudala bakho, impilo yonke, ubukhulu nendawo yokuqhuma, kanye nokuthi ulandela kangcono izincomo zokwelashwa. Ukuhlala usebenzile ngaphakathi kwemingcele yakho nokulandela iseluleko somhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngokuvamile kubangela ukwelashwa okusheshayo.

Kuphephile yini ukuzivocavoca nge-herniated disk?

Yebo, ukuzivocavoca okuthambile ngokuvamile kuwusizo futhi ngokuvamile kunconywa ekuphulukiseni i-herniated disk. Ikhona ukukhetha ukuzivocavoca okuqondile nokugwema ukunyakaza okwenza izimpawu zakho zibe zimbi.

Ukuhamba, ukubhukuda, kanye nokuzivocavoca okuqondile kokwelula ngokuvamile kuphephile futhi kuwusizo. Noma kunjalo, kufanele ugweme imisebenzi ephakeme, ukuphakamisa okunzima, kanye nokuzivocavoca okuhlanganisa ukujikeleza noma ukukhothama kuze kube yilapho izimpawu zakho ziyathuthuka. Hlola njalo nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngaphambi kokuqala noma iyiphi inkambo yokuzivocavoca.

Ngingadingeka yini ukuhlinzwa nge-herniated disk yami?

Abantu abaningi abane-herniated disks abadingi ukuhlinzwa. Cishe u-5-10% wabantu abane-herniated disks ekugcineni badinga ukwelashwa okuhlinzwa.

Ukuhlinzwa ngokuvamile kucabangelwa kuphela uma ukwelashwa okulula kuhluleka ngemuva kwezinyanga eziningi, unezimpawu ezinzima zezinzwa, noma uthola izinkinga eziphuthumayo njengokuhluleka kokulawula kwesisu. Ngisho noma kunjalo, ukuhlinzwa ngokuvamile kuyasebenza kakhulu uma kudingeka.

Ingabuya yini i-herniated disks ngemuva kokwelashwa?

Nakuba kungenzeka ukuthi i-herniated disks ibuyele, ukuthatha izinyathelo ezifanele zokuvimbela kunciphisa kakhulu le ngozi. Abanye abantu baye bahlangabezana nokuqhuma kabusha kwediski efanayo noma ukuqhuma kwezindiki eziseduze.

Unganciphisa ingozi yokuphindaphinda ngokugcina isisindo esinempilo, ukuzivocavoca njalo ukuze uqinise imisipha yakho yomzimba, ukusebenzisa amasu okupakamisa afanele, nokugwema imisebenzi efaka ingcindezi eyengeziwe emgogodleni wakho. Abantu abaningi abaphola e-herniated disk abayihlangabezani nayo enye.