Ukuthi yini i-Hidradenitis Suppurativa? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelapha

I-Hidradenitis suppurativa yisimo esingamahlalakhona sesikhumba esibangela izicubu ezibuhlungu neziqabukile ezindaweni lapho isikhumba siqabukana khona. Ungase uyazi njenge-HS, futhi ngokuvamile ithonya izindawo ezifana namaphaphu akho, i-groin, i-buttocks, naphansi kwamabele.

Lesi simo senzeka lapho ama-hair follicles evinjelwa futhi e-inflamed, okuholela ezicubwini ezinzima, ezibuhlungu ezingavuleka futhi zikhulule. Nakuba i-HS ingaba inselele ukuphila nayo, ukuqonda ukuthi kwenzekani nokwazi izinketho zakho zokwelapha kungakusiza ukuthi uyiphathe ngokuphumelelayo.

Ukuthi yini i-Hidradenitis Suppurativa?

I-Hidradenitis suppurativa yisifo sesikhumba esibuhlungu esenza izicubu ezibuhlungu, eziphindaphindayo ezindaweni eziyizigaxa zomzimba wakho. Lezi zindawo zihlanganisa izindawo lapho isikhumba sakho siqabukana khona ngokwemvelo, sidala izindawo ezifudumele, ezimanzi.

Isimo siqala lapho ama-hair follicles evaliwe ngamaseli esikhumba afile namafutha. Ngokungafani ne-acne evamile, i-HS iya ngokujulile kakhulu esikhumbeni sakho futhi ithonya ama-apocrine glands, okuyizitho zokukhishwa kwezinto ezithile ezitholakala ezindaweni ezinoboya obukhulu.

I-HS ayithwali, ngakho awukwazi ukuyithola komunye umuntu noma uyisakazele kubanye. Futhi ayibangelwa ukungcola, naphezu kwalokho abanye abantu abangase bacabange.

Zithini izimpawu ze-Hidradenitis Suppurativa?

Isilwane sokuqala esivamile yizicubu ezincane, ezibuhlungu ezibukeka njenge-peas ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho. Lezi zicubu ngokuvamile zivele ezindaweni lapho isikhumba sakho siqabukana khona ngesikhathi semisebenzi yansuku zonke.

Nazi izimpawu eziyinhloko ongazihlangabezana nazo:

• Izicubu ezibuhlungu, ezibomvu eziqala zincinyane kodwa zingakhula zibe khulu
• Izicubu ezinzima, ezigcwele i-pus ezingavuleka futhi zikhulule
• Ama-blackheads avele ngamabili noma ngamaqembu
• Ama-scars abukhulu, afana ne-rope ahlanganisa izindawo ezahlukene ezithintekayo
• Ama-tunnels ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho ahlanganisa izicubu ndawonye
• Ukuqothuka okuqhubekayo okunuka okubi
• Ukuthamba nokushisa ezindaweni ezithintekayo

Izimpawu ngokuvamile ziya futhi ziye ngezikhathi. Ungase ube nezimo lapho kuvela khona izicubu ezintsha, kulandele izikhathi lapho isikhumba sakho sizizwa sikahle.

Abanye abantu abane-HS nabo bahlangabezana nokuqabuka, ukukhathala, nemizwa yokungabi kahle ngesikhathi se-flare-ups ezinzima. Lezi zimpawu zomzimba wonke zenzeka ngoba i-immune system yakho isebenza kanzima ukulwa nokuvuvukala.

Ziyini izinhlobo ze-Hidradenitis Suppurativa?

Odokotela bahlukanisa i-HS ibe izigaba ezintathu ngokusekelwe ekuthini izimpawu zakho zinzima kangakanani. Lesi simo sokuhlukanisa sibizwa nge-Hurley staging system, futhi sisiza umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuthi ahlele indlela engcono kakhulu yokwelapha.

Isigaba 1 (Esilula): Une-bumps eyodwa noma eminingi ngaphandle kokwakheka kwama-scars noma ama-tunnel. Izicubu zingase zikhulule, kodwa azixhumani ndawonye ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho.

Isigaba 2 (Esiphakathi): Une-bumps eziphindaphindayo ngokwakheka okuthile kwama-tunnel nama-scars. Izindawo ezithintekayo zingase zibe nezicubu eziningi ezihlanganiswe ngama-tunnels ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho.

Isigaba 3 (Esinzima): Une-bumps ezibanzi, ama-tunnel amaningi, nama-scars amakhulu ezindaweni ezinkulu. Lesi sigaba ngokuvamile sihlanganisa izindawo eziningi ezihlanganisiwe futhi singathinta impilo yakho yansuku zonke.

Abantu abaningi baqala ngezimpawu zeSigaba 1, kodwa isimo singathuthuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uma singaphathwa. Ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kungasiza ukuvimbela ukuthuthuka kuya ezigabeni ezinzima.

Yini ebangela i-Hidradenitis Suppurativa?

Imbangela eqondile ye-HS ayiqondakali ngokuphelele, kodwa iqala ngama-hair follicles avaliwe ezindaweni lapho une-apocrine sweat glands. Uma la ma-follicles evaliwe, ama-bacteria angakhula futhi abangele ukuvuvukala.

Izici eziningana zisebenza ndawonye ukuze zivuselele i-HS:

• I-Genetics - cishe ingxenye yesithathu yabantu abane-HS banezilwane zomndeni ezinalesi simo
• Ukushintsha kwe-hormonal, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuqala, ukuya esikhathini, noma ukukhulelwa
• Ukusebenza okungalungile kwe-immune system okubangela ukuvuvukala okukhulu
• Ukuqabukana kwezingubo eziqinile noma isikhumba siqabukana nesikhumba
• Ukubhema, okungenza kube kubi ukuvuvukala futhi kuhambise ukululama
• Ubukhulu, okwandisa ukuqabukana kwesikhumba nokushintsha kwe-hormonal

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi i-HS ayibangelwa ukungcola noma ukuba "umngcolile." Ngisho nabantu abanezindlela ezinhle zokuhlanzeka bangathuthukisa lesi simo.

Ezinye izinguquko ze-genetic ezingavamile zingabangela i-HS. Lezi zihlanganisa ama-genes alawula indlela i-immune system yakho esabela ngayo ekuvuvukaleni, kodwa lokhu kuchaza kuphela ingxenye encane yezimangalo.

Nini okumele ubona udokotela nge-Hidradenitis Suppurativa?

Kufanele ubona umhlinzeki wezempilo uma une-bumps ezibuhlungu eziphindaphindayo emaphaphwini akho, i-groin, i-buttocks, noma izindawo zamabele. Ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kungavimbela isimo ukuba lingabi bibi futhi kunciphisa ingozi yezinkinga.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nalokhu:

• Ukuqabuka kanye nezimpawu zesikhumba sakho
• Izicucu ezibomvu ezisuka endaweni ethintekayo
• Izicubu ezibuhlungu kakhulu noma ezikhula ngokushesha
• Izimpawu zokutheleleka okubanzi njengokuthamba noma ukuzizwa ungaphili kahle kakhulu
• Ubunzima bokuhamba ngenxa yobuhlungu noma ukukhula

Ungalindi uma izimpawu zakho zithinta ikhwalithi yempilo yakho, umsebenzi, noma ubudlelwano. Abantu abaningi abane-HS banqabela ukufuna ukwelashwa ngoba bazizwa behluleka, kodwa ochwepheshe bezikhumba bazi kahle lesi simo.

Uma uke waphatha lokho okucabangayo ukuthi yi-acne evamile noma ama-boils ngaphandle kokuthuthuka, kufanele uthole umbono wochwepheshe. I-HS idinga izindlela zokwelapha ezahlukene kunamanye ama-skin conditions.

Ziyini izici ezingozi ze-Hidradenitis Suppurativa?

Izici eziningana zingandisa amathuba akho okukhula kwe-HS. Ukuqonda lezi zici ezingozi kungakusiza wena nodokotela wakho ukuthi nihlolwe isimo sakho futhi nihlele amasu okuvimbela.

Izici ezingozi ezivamile zihlanganisa:

• Ubudala - i-HS ngokuvamile iqala ngemuva kokuthomba, ngokuvamile eminyakeni engu-20 no-30
• Ubulili - abesifazane banethuba elingaphezu kwesithathu lokukhula kwe-HS kunabesilisa
• Umlando womndeni - ukuba nezihlobo ezine-HS kukwandisa ingozi yakho kakhulu
• Ukubhema - ukusetshenziswa kwe-tobacco kugalela ingozi yakho kabili futhi kwenze izimpawu zibe zimbi
• Ubukhulu - isisindo esiningi sikhuphula ukuqabukana nokushintsha kwe-hormonal
• Amanye ama-autoimmune conditions njenge-inflammatory bowel disease

Abanye abantu nabo banengozi enkulu ngenxa yemithi ethile noma izimo zezokwelapha ezithinta i-immune system yabo. Izimo ze-hormonal ezifana ne-polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) zingakwandisa ingozi yakho.

Nakuba ungakwazi ukushintsha izici ezifana ne-genetics yakho noma ubulili, ungasebenza ezicini ezingozi ezingashintshwa. Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo nokugwema ukubhema kungasiza ukunciphisa ingozi yakho noma ukuthuthukisa izimpawu zakho uma usuvele une-HS.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zenzeke nge-Hidradenitis Suppurativa?

Ngaphandle kokwelashwa okufanele, i-HS ingabangela izinkinga eziningi ezithinta impilo yakho yomzimba nekhalithi yempilo. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kungavimbela iningi lalezi zinkinga.

Izinkinga zomzimba zingabandakanya:

• Ama-scars aphakade nokuqina kwesikhumba ezindaweni ezithintekayo
• Ukunciphisa ukuhamba ngenxa kokwakheka kwe-scar tissue
• Ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo obuphazamisa imisebenzi yansuku zonke
• Ukutheleleka kwama-bacteria okudinga ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic
• Izinkinga zokukhishwa kwe-lymphatic okubangela ukukhula
• Izinkinga zezinso ezivela ekuvuvukaleni okuqhubekayo (okungavamile kodwa okunzima)

I-HS ingathinta kakhulu impilo yakho yozwela. Abantu abaningi bahlangabezana nokucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka, nokuhlukaniswa komphakathi ngenxa yobuhlungu, ukunuka, nezinkinga zokubonakala.

Ezimweni ezingavamile kakhulu, i-HS ende ingakwandisa ingozi yohlobo lwesikhumba somdlavuza oluthi yi-squamous cell carcinoma. Lokhu ngokuvamile kwenzeka kuphela ezindaweni ezinokuqabuka okunzima, okuqhubekayo okusekhona iminyaka eminingi.

Ukuze kuvinjelwe izinkinga, kubalulekile ukusebenza neqembu lakho lezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuze uphathe isimo sakho ngokuphumelelayo. Ngokwelashwa okufanele, abantu abaningi abane-HS bangaphila impilo egcwele, esebenzayo.

Ungayivimbela kanjani i-Hidradenitis Suppurativa?

Nakuba ungakwazi ukuvimbela ngokuphelele i-HS uma ukhona ngokuzalwa, ungathatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa ingozi yakho ye-flare-ups nokunciphisa ukuthuthuka kwesimo.

Ukushintsha kwesitayela sempilo okungasiza kuhlanganisa:

• Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo ukunciphisa ukuqabukana kwesikhumba
• Ukuyeka ukubhema, okuthuthukisa kakhulu imiphumela
• Ukugqoka izingubo eziqondile, ezivumela umoya ukuba uqhubeke ezenziwe ngezinto zemvelo
• Ukusebenzisa amasoseji abuthambile, angenamphunga futhi ugweme ukuhlanza okunzima
• Ukuphatha ukucindezeleka ngezindlela zokupumula noma ukwelashwa
• Ukulandela ukudla okulwa nokuvuvukala okugcwele izithelo nemifino

Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi ukudla okuthile kuqalisa i-flare-ups yabo. Izinto ezivamile ezibangela lokhu zihlanganisa imikhiqizo yobisi, ukudla okunoshukela olukhulu, nokudla oluvela emndenini we-nightshade njenge-tomatoes nama-peppers.

Gcina idayari yezimpawu ukuze ubone izinto ezibangela izimpawu zakho. Lokhu kungakusiza ukuthi wenze izinqumo ezifanele mayelana nokushintsha kwesitayela sempilo okungase kuzuzise isimo sakho esithile.

I-Hidradenitis Suppurativa ihlonishwa kanjani?

Ukuhlola i-HS ngokuyinhloko kusekelwe ekuhlolweni kwezokwelapha kodokotela wakho nembali yakho yezokwelapha. Ayikho i-blood test noma isifundo sokwelashwa esiqinisekisa ukuthi yi-HS.

Udokotela wakho uzobheka iphethini evamile ye-bumps, ama-scars, nama-tunnels ezindaweni ezivamile zomzimba. Uzokubuza ngesikhathi lapho izimpawu zakho zaqala khona, ukuthi uba kanjani ne-flare-ups, nokuthi kukhona yini umuntu womndeni wakho onenkinga efanayo.

Izindinganiso zokuhlola zihlanganisa ukuba ne-bumps ezivamile ezindaweni ezivamile okungenani kabili phakathi nezinyanga eziyisithupha. Udokotela wakho angase futhi enze i-bacterial culture uma ecindezela ukutheleleka okwesibili.

Ezimweni ezithile, udokotela wakho angase acele i-skin biopsy encane ukuze akhiphe ezinye izimo. Lokhu kuvame kakhulu lapho ukuxilongwa kungacaci noma lapho izimpawu zingaphenduli ekuphileni okuvamile.

Ukuthola ukuxilongwa okuqondile kubalulekile ngoba i-HS ingadideka nezinye izimo ezifana nama-boils avamile, ama-pilonidal cysts, noma izinkinga ze-Crohn's disease. Uchwepheshe wezokwelapha oqeqeshwe ezimweni zesikhumba esivuvukayo anganikeza ukuxilongwa okuqondile kakhulu.

Ukwelashwa kwe-Hidradenitis Suppurativa yini?

Ukwelashwa kwe-HS kugxile ekuthuthukiseni ukuvuvukala, ukuvimbela izifo ezintsha, nokuphatha ubuhlungu. Uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha luzoxhomeka ekuthini isimo sakho sinzima kangakanani nezindawo zomzimba wakho ezithintekayo.

Nge-HS elula (Isigaba 1), ukwelashwa ngokuvamile kuhlanganisa:

• Ama-antibiotic athile afakwe ngqo ezindaweni ezithintekayo
• Ama-compress afudumele ukunciphisa ubuhlungu nokukhuthaza ukuqothuka
• Imithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala efana ne-ibuprofen yokunciphisa ubuhlungu
• Ukugeza okuhlanza ukuvimbela ukutheleleka okwesibili

Nge-HS ephakathi nayo ezinzima, udokotela wakho angase acele:

• Ama-antibiotic amile isikhathi eside ukulawula ukuvuvukala
• Ukwelashwa kwe-hormonal, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane abazimpawu zabo ziba zimbi ngezikhathi zokuthomba
• Imithi ye-Biologic ehlose izingxenye ezithile ze-immune system yakho
• Ukugcoba nge-steroid ngqo ezicubwini ezinkulu, ezibuhlungu
• Izindlela zokwelapha zokusika ukususa izicubu ezithintekayo noma ukuqothula ama-abscesses amakhulu

Ukwelashwa okusha kwe-biologic njenge-adalimumab kuye kwabonisa imiphumela emihle kubantu abaningi abane-HS ephakathi nayo ezinzima. Le mithi isebenza ngokuvimbela izibonakaliso ezithile zokuvuvukala e-immune system yakho.

Ukuhlinzwa kungase kudingeke ezimweni ezinzima, ikakhulukazi uma une-tunnel formation eningi noma ama-scars. Izinketho zokwelapha zihlanganisa izindlela ezilula zokuqothula kuya ekususeni izicubu ezinkulu nokubuyisela.

Indlela yokuphatha i-Hidradenitis Suppurativa ekhaya?

Ukuphathwa ekhaya kudlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni izimpawu ze-HS nokuvimbela i-flare-ups. Lezi zindlela zisebenza kangcono uma zisetshenziswa kanye nokwelashwa kwakho kwezokwelapha.

Izindlela zokunakekela zansuku zonke ezingasiza zihlanganisa:

• Ukuhlanza ngobumnene ngesepu le-antibacterial, ugweme ukuhlanza okunzima
• Ukufaka ama-compress afudumele, amanzi ezindaweni ezibuhlungu imizuzu engu-10-15
• Ukugqoka izingubo eziqondile, ezivumela umoya ukuba uqhubeke
• Ukugcina izindawo ezithintekayo zomile futhi zivuleke uma kungenzeka
• Ukugwema amabhande aqinile, ama-straps, noma izingubo eziqabukana nezindawo ezithintekayo

Ukuphatha ubuhlungu ekhaya kungabandakanya imithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala engaphezu kokuthengwa njenge-ibuprofen noma i-naproxen. Landela njalo imiyalelo yephakheji futhi ukhangele nodokotela wakho ngokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside.

Abanye abantu bathola impumuzo ezindleleni zemvelo ezifana ne-turmeric supplements, i-zinc, noma ukusetshenziswa kwe-tea tree oil. Nakuba lezi zingelona ukwelashwa okuqinisekisiwe, zingase zinikeze induduzo eyengeziwe uma zisetshenziswa ngokuphepha kanye nokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.

Ukuphathwa kokucindezeleka nakho kubalulekile ngoba ukucindezeleka kungaqalisa i-flare-ups. Cabanga ngezindlela zokupumula, ukuzivocavoca okuvamile okungathinti isikhumba sakho, noma ukwelashwa ukuze usize ukubhekana nezici zozwela zokuphila ne-HS.

Kufanele uzilungiselele kanjani i-appointment yakho yodokotela?

Ukulungiselela ukuvakasha kwakho kodokotela kungakusiza uthole ukunakekelwa okuphumelelayo futhi kuqinisekise ukuthi zonke izinkinga zakho zixazululwe. Ukulungiselela okuhle kuholela emiphumeleni emihle yokwelapha.

Ngaphambi kwe-appointment yakho, yenza uhlu lwalokhu:

• Zonke izimpawu zakho, kufaka phakathi lapho zaqala khona nokuthi zenzeka kaningi kangakanani
• Yonke imithi kanye ne-supplements oyithatha njengamanje
• Imibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza mayelana nokuxilongwa, izinketho zokwelapha, noma ukushintsha kwesitayela sempilo
• Umlando womndeni wanoma yiziphi izimo zesikhumba ezifanayo
• Izici ezibukeka zenza izimpawu zakho zibe ngcono noma zibe zimbi

Cabanga ukugcina idayari yezimpawu amasonto ambalwa ngaphambi kwe-appointment yakho. Qaphela lapho i-flare-ups ivela khona, lokho obekwenza, lokho okudlile, kanye nezinga lakho lokucindezeleka.

Ungazizwa uhluleka ngokuxoxa ngezimpawu zakho ngokukhululekile. Udokotela wakho udinga ulwazi oluphelele ukukunikeza ukunakekelwa okuhle kakhulu, futhi uke wabona lezi zimo izikhathi eziningi ngaphambili.

Letha uhlu lwalokho ukwelashwa okuke wakuzama, kufaka phakathi imikhiqizo engaphezu kokuthengwa, izindlela zokwelapha zasekhaya, noma imithi eyalelwe odokotela abanye. Lokhu kusiza ukugwema ukuphinda ukwelashwa okungasebenzi.

Yini okufanele uyikhumbule nge-Hidradenitis Suppurativa?

I-Hidradenitis suppurativa yisimo esingamahlalakhona esilawuleka esithinta izigidi zabantu emhlabeni jikelele. Nakuba kungaba inselele ukuphila nayo, ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kukhona okungathuthukisa kakhulu ikhwalithi yempilo yakho.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kwenza umehluko. Uma ucindezela ukuthi ungase ube ne-HS, ungalindi ukufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Ukuthola ukuxilongwa okufanele nokwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kungavimbela isimo ukuba lingathuthuki kuya ezigabeni ezinzima.

Awuwedwa ekuhlanganyeleni nalesi simo, futhi akuyona iphutha lakho. I-HS yisimo sezokwelapha esisemthethweni esidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okufanele, hhayi into ongayilungisa ngokuhlanzeka okuhle noma amandla okuzithiba kuphela.

Ngokuhlanganiswa okulungile kokwelashwa kwezokwelapha, ukushintsha kwesitayela sempilo, nokunakekelwa kwakho, abantu abaningi abane-HS bangaphatha izimpawu zabo ngokuphumelelayo futhi bagcine impilo esebenzayo, egcwele.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwa mayelana ne-Hidradenitis Suppurativa

M1: Ingabe i-hidradenitis suppurativa ithwali?

Cha, i-hidradenitis suppurativa ayithwali nhlobo. Awukwazi ukuyithola komunye umuntu noma uyisakazele kwabanye abantu ngokuthinta, ukwabelana ngezinto zomuntu siqu, noma nganoma iyiphi enye indlela. I-HS yisimo sokuvuvukala esikhula ngenxa yezici zakho zomuntu siqu nange-genetics.

M2: Ingabe i-hidradenitis suppurativa ingaphiliswa ngokuphelele?

Okwamanje, ayikho impilo ye-HS, kodwa ingaphathwa kahle ngokwelashwa okufanele. Abantu abaningi bafinyelela izikhathi ezinde zokuthula lapho bengazihlangabezani khona nezimpawu ezimbalwa noma azikho. Okubalulekile ukusebenza neqembu lakho lezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuze uthole ukuhlanganiswa okulungile kokwelapha isimo sakho esithile.

M3: Ingabe i-hidradenitis suppurativa iba zimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi?

I-HS ayibi zimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kodwa ingathuthuka uma ingaphathwa. Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi izimpawu zabo ziyathuthuka ngemuva kwe-menopause ngenxa yokushintsha kwe-hormonal. Ngokwelashwa okufanele, abantu abaningi bagcina izimpawu ezinzile noma babone ukuthuthuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kungakhathaliseki ubudala.

M4: Ingabe ukushintsha kokudla kungasiza nge-hidradenitis suppurativa?

Abanye abantu abane-HS bathola ukuthi ukushintsha kokudla okuthile kusiza ukunciphisa i-flare-ups yabo. Izinto ezivamile ezibangela lokhu zihlanganisa imikhiqizo yobisi, ukudla okunoshukela olukhulu, nokudla oluvela emndenini we-nightshade. Ukudla okulwa nokuvuvukala okugcwele izithelo, imifino, namafutha e-omega-3 kungasiza abanye abantu, nakuba ubufakazi besayensi busathuthuka.

M5: Kuphephile yini ukuhlinzwa nge-hidradenitis suppurativa?

Ukuhlinzwa kungaba nemiphumela emihle kakhulu ye-HS uma kwenziwa ochwepheshe bokuhlinzwa, ikakhulukazi ezimweni ezinzima noma ezindaweni ezingaphenduli ekuphileni kwezokwelapha. Izindlela zokwelapha zanamuhla zinezinga elihle lempumelelo futhi zingakusiza ukuba uthole impumuzo isikhathi eside. Udokotela wakho uzoxoxa ngezinzuzo nezingozi ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile.