Hidradenitis Suppurativa
Uhlolojikelele
Isibonisi se-hidradenitis suppurativa ezibala ezahlukene zesikhumba. Leli simo ngokuvamile libonakala njengobunye noma ngaphezulu kwebampo ebuhlungu ezigcwaliswa yinyama. Ngokuvamile kwenzeka ezingalweni.
I-Hidradenitis suppurativa (hi-drad-uh-NIE-tis sup-yoo-ruh-TIE-vuh), eyaziwa nangokuthi yi-acne inversa, yisimo esibangela ukuba kube khona izicubu ezincane, ezibuhlungu phansi kwesikhumba. Lezi zicubu ngokuvamile zikhula ezindaweni lapho isikhumba sakho sixubana khona, njengezingalweni, i-groin, amabele kanye namaphaphu. Lezi zicubu zilulama kancane, ziphinde zibuye, futhi zingabangela ithonela phansi kwesikhumba kanye nezikhumba.
I-Hidradenitis suppurativa iqala ngemuva kokuthomba, ngokuvamile ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-40. Ingaphikelela iminyaka eminingi futhi ibe yimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ingathinta impilo yakho yansuku zonke kanye nokuphila kwakho ngokomzwelo. Ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha nokwelashwa ngokusebenza kungasiza ekulawuleni lesi sifo nokuvimbela izinkinga.
Abesifazane banethuba elingaphezulu kathathu lokukhula kwe-hidradenitis suppurativa, yize leli xhapho lihluke ngendawo emhlabeni jikelele. Futhi, abantu abamnyama banethuba elikhulu lokukhula kwalesi sifo kunabantu bezinye izizwe. Lokhu kungaba ngenxa yezinto zofuzo.
Izimpawu
I-Hidradenitis suppurativa ingathinta indawo eyodwa noma eziningi zomzimba. Izimpawu nezimpawu zalesi simo zihlanganisa: Izimpukane ezimnyama. Izimpukane ezimnyama zivele ezindaweni ezincane, eziqobozelayo zesikhumba, zivame ukuvela ngamabili. Izicubu ezibuhlungu ezinkulu njengempunga. Leli simo liqala ngokuvamile ngesicubu esisodwa, esibuhlungu ngaphansi kwesikhumba esichitha amasonto noma izinyanga. Kungenzeka kube khona ezinye izicubu kamuva, ngokuvamile ezindaweni lapho unezinye izicubu zokukhishwa komswakama namafutha noma lapho isikhumba siqabulana khona, njengezitho, izingqinamba, amabele kanye namaphaphu. Izicubu eziphumayo noma amaqhubu. Ezinye izicubu noma amaqhubu zikhula, ziqhekeka futhi zikhulule i-pus enencasa. Ithoni. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kungenzeka kube khona ithoni ngaphansi kwesikhumba, ehlanganisa izicubu. Lezi ziqeba zilapha kancane, uma zilapha, futhi zikhulule igazi ne-pus. Abanye abantu abanesimo esinjalo baba nezimpawu ezilula. Inkambo yesifo ihlukahlukene kakhulu. Ukukhuluphala nokuba umqhubi kuhambisana nezimpawu ezimbi kakhulu, kodwa abantu abancane futhi abangabhemi bangaba nesifo esinzima. Ukuxilongwa kwasekuqaleni kwe-hidradenitis suppurativa kuyisihluthulelo sokwelashwa okuphumelelayo. Bheka udokotela wakho wezisu uma isimo sakho: Sibuhlungu. Kwenza kube nzima ukuhamba. Akulula ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa. Sibuya ngaphakathi kwamasonto ambalwa ekwelashweni. Sivela ezindaweni eziningi. Siqhuma kaningi. Udokotela wakho wezisu angakwenzela uhlelo lokwelapha. I-Hidradenitis suppurativa ayisiye nje isiqephu, futhi abantu abaningi abanesimo esinjalo banezinye izimo ezihlobene. Abantu abane-hidradenitis suppurativa bazuza eqenjini lezinsizakalo zempilo elinamadokotela bezisu bezokwelapha nokuhlinzeka njengengqikithi. Ezinye izazi zihileleke njengoba kudingeka.
Isikhathi sokubona udokotela
Ukuxilongwa kwasekuqaleni kwe-hidradenitis suppurativa kubalulekile ekwelapheni okuphumelelayo. Bheka udokotela wakho wesikhumba uma isimo sakho:
- Sibubuhlungu.
- Kwenza kube nzima ukuhamba.
- Akulungeki ezinyangeni ezimbalwa.
- Libuyela emavikini ambalwa ngemva kokwelashwa.
- Livela ezindaweni eziningi.
- Livuvukala njalo. Udoktela wakho wesikhumba angakwenzela uhlelo lokwelapha. I-Hidradenitis suppurativa akuyona nje ibhilo, futhi abantu abaningi abaneli simo banesimo esihlobene. Abantu abane-hidradenitis suppurativa bazuza eqenjini lokunakekelwa kwempilo elinamadokotela wesikhumba bezokwelapha nezobuoperetha njengengqikithi. Odokotela abanye bahileleka uma kudingeka.
Izimbangela
I-Hidradenitis suppurativa iqala lapho ama-follicle ezinhlobo zezinwele evaliwe, kodwa-ke asiwazi ukuthi kungani le valelo ivela. Ochwepheshe bacabanga ukuthi kungenzeka ihambisane ne-hormone, ukwanda kwesizukulwane, ukubhema ugwayi noma ukukhuluphala.
Ukutheleleka noma ukungcolile akuyona imbangela ye-hidradenitis suppurativa, futhi ayikwazi ukudluliselwa kwabanye abantu.
Izici eziyingozi
Izici ezandisa amathuba akho okukhula i-hidradenitis suppurativa zihlanganisa:
- Ubudala. Ingozi ye-hidradenitis suppurativa iphakeme kubantu abasebasha babo ne-20s.
- Ubulili. Abafazi banamathuba amaningi okukhula i-hidradenitis suppurativa kunamadoda.
- Uhlanga. Ubuzwe noma uhlanga kungenzeka luthinte amazinga engozi. Lesi simo sivela kakhulu kubantu abamnyama, mhlawumbe ngenxa yezici ze-genetic.
- Umlando womndeni. Ukuthambekela kokukhula i-hidradenitis suppurativa kungadluliselwa.
- Izimo ezithile. I-Hidradenitis suppurativa ivame kakhulu futhi ibe nzima kubantu abanesisindo esingaphezulu. Ihambisana ne-acne eqinile, isifo samathambo, isifo sikashukela, i-metabolic syndrome ne-inflammatory bowel disease.
- Ukubhema. Ukubhema utshaba kuye kwahlanganiswa ne-hidradenitis suppurativa.
Izingqinamba
Ukukhubazeka okuqhubekayo nokuqatha kwe-hidradenitis suppurativa kungabangela izinkinga, okuhlanganisa:
- Ukutheleleka. Ukutheleleka okwesibili kungenzeka endaweni eathintekile, kodwa ukuba khona kokungcola kuyinto evamile ku-hidradenitis suppurativa futhi akusho ukuthi kunokutheleleka.
- Amabala nezinhlungu zesikhumba. Izilonda zingaphola kodwa zisale zihlale zishiye amabala afana neentambo noma isikhumba esicindezelwe.
- Ukunciphisa ukunyakaza. Izilonda kanye nethusi lebala zingabangela ukunyakaza okulinganiselwe noma okuhlungu, ikakhulukazi uma isifo sithinta amahlombe noma izingalo.
- Umgwala wesikhumba. I-squamous cell carcinoma ibikwe nge-hidradenitis suppurativa yesikhathi eside, ikakhulukazi kubantu abesimo sabo sihilela indawo ye-perianal. Le ndawo iqukethe izicubu ezizungezile umlomo wesisu.
- Ukukhula kwamawoti, imilenze noma izitho zangasese. Izindawo ezivame kakhulu ze-hidradenitis suppurativa ziqukethe ama-lymph nodes amaningi. Ithusi lebala lingaphazamisa uhlelo lokukhipha i-lymph, okungabangela ukukhula kwamawoti, imilenze noma izitho zangasese.
- Ubuhlungu bempilo yonke. Lobu buhlungu bubi kakhulu kunamalaphi afana ne-psoriasis.
Ukuxilongwa
I-Hidradenitis suppurativa ingadilizwa njengezimpimpimpi noma isikhumba. Kubantu abaningi, kuthatha iminyaka ukuthola ukuxilongwa okulungile.
Umhlinzeki wakho wezinsizakalo zempilo uzoxhomeka ekuxilongweni kwakho ngezimpawu zakho, ukubonakala kwesikhumba, kanye nomlando wakho wezokwelapha. Ungase uqondiswe kumhlinzeki wezinsizakalo zempilo oqeqeshwe ezimweni zesikhumba, owaziwa nangokuthi ungudokotela wezifo zesikhumba. I-Hidradenitis suppurativa ingaba nzima ukuyixilonga futhi idinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile.
Ayikho i-laboratory test etholakalayo yokuxilonga i-hidradenitis suppurativa. Kodwa uma kukhona uboya noma ukuqothuka, umhlinzeki wakho wezinsizakalo zempilo angathatha isampula yokuhlolwa kwelebhu.
Ukwelashwa
Ukwelashwa ngemithi, ubuyekezo noma kokubili kungasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu nokuvimbela izinkinga ze-hidradenitis suppurativa. Xoxa nodokotela wakho mayelana nezingozi nezinzuzo zezinketho zokwelashwa nokuthi ungakha kanjani indlela efanele kuwe.
Linda ukuvakashela njalo ngokulandelana nodokotela wakho wesikhumba. Abanye abantu bangadinga ukunakekelwa okubanzi okunikezwa yiqembu lokunakekelwa kwezempilo elinamahloni avela ezinhlotsheni eziningi zezokwelapha.
Udokotela wakho angase afake iyeza elilodwa noma ngaphezulu kwalolu hlobo lwemithi:
- Ama-Antibiotics. I-antibiotic efake esikhumbeni ngesimo sokuthambisa noma ijeli ingase isetshenziswe ukulawula izimpawu ezilula. Lolu hlobo lwemithi kubizwa ngokuthi ama-antibiotics athambile. Ngalesifo esiyisigxobo, udokotela wakho angase afake amaphilisi e-antibiotic, njenge-doxycycline, noma i-Monodox; i-clindamycin, noma i-Cleocin; i-rifampin, noma i-Rimactane; noma ngaphezulu kwelinye lale mithi. I-Rifampin iyaziwa nangokuthi i-rifampicin. Abantu abanesifo esinzima bangase badinge ukusebenzisa ama-antibiotics izinyanga.
- Ukugonywa kwama-steroid. I-Triamcinolone acetonide, noma i-Kenalog-10, eyongezwe ezilwelweni ingase inciphise ukukhula nokuvuvukala.
- Ukwelashwa kwamahomoni. Amaphilisi amahomoni, njenge-estrogen-containing combined oral contraceptives njenge-estradiol ne-estradiol / norgestimate angase abe wusizo kubantu abane-hidradenitis suppurativa elula. I-Spironolactone ivame ukusetshenziswa ukuze kuncishiswe isidingo sama-antibiotics, ne-isotretinoin, okuyimiyalezo esetshenziswa kakhulu ekwelapheni isifo se-acne. I-Isotretinoin ngezinye izikhathi isetshenziswa ekwelapheni i-hidradenitis suppurativa.
- Ama-Biologics. Lolu hlobo lwemithi, oluvame ukufakwa ngokuqhafaza, lushintsha uhlelo lokuphepha ngendlela ephazamisa umjikelezo wesifo futhi luthuthukisa izimpawu nezibonakaliso zesifo phakathi kwamasonto ambalwa. Eziningi zalemi yale mithi zivunyelwe ukwelapha i-hidradenitis suppurativa ephakathi nendawo. Ezimbili yi-tumor necrosis factor inhibitors adalimumab, noma i-Humira, ne-infliximab, noma i-Remicade. Lolu hlobo lwemithi lusebenza ngokunciphisa ingxenye yohlelo lokuphepha oluthiwa yi-tumor necrosis factor. Eminye imithi eminingi ye-biologics isevivinyweni lezokwelapha ze-hidradenitis suppurativa.
- Ama-Retinoids. Ama-oral retinoids angase abe yisinqumo sabanye abantu abanesifo se-acne. Lolu hlobo lwemithi alukhuthazwa uma ukhulelwe, uncelisa noma uma uhlose ukukhulelwa.
- Ukuqeda ubuhlungu. Uma izidakamizwa zobuhlungu ezikhona ngaphandle kwesikripthi zingakusizi, udokotela wakho angase afake imithi ebuhlungu eqinile noma akuqondise ekliniki yobuhlungu.
Izindlela zokwelapha eziningi neze-surgical zisiza ekulawuleni i-hidradenitis suppurativa. Ubuyekezo buyiyona ingxenye ebalulekile yokulawulwa kwesifo uma kukhona ithonela, i-bump, noma i-abscess. Indlela yokwelapha efanele kuwe ixhomeke ekwandeni nasebukhali besimo sakho. Xoxa nodokotela wakho mayelana nezingozi nezinzuzo zezinketho, kufaka phakathi:
- Ukuveza amatunnela. Le nqubo ihilela ukususa insimbi ukuze iveze amatunnela ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Lokhu kuye kwaziwa nangokuthi ukukhulula. Kusetshenziswa kubantu abane-hidradenitis suppurativa ephakathi nendawo noma eqinile. Le nqubo ngokuvamile ayidingi ukuphindaphindwa.
- Ukukhipha i-punch. Le nqubo, ebizwa nangokuthi ukukhulula okulinganiselwe, ihilela ukususa i-bump eyodwa evuvukile.
- Ukwelashwa nge-Laser. I-laser ye-carbon dioxide ingasetshenziswa ukwenza izilonda ze-hidradenitis suppurativa zihambe. Ngemva kwalolu lwelo lwelo, izilonda azikwazi ukubuyela. Ukususa izinwele nge-laser kungasiza i-hidradenitis suppurativa emazingeni ayo okuqala.
- Ukususa ngokusebenzisa ubuyekezo. Le ndlela ingase ibe yisinqumo sabantu abanezibonakaliso eziqhubekayo noma ezinzima. Ihilela ukususa yonke isikhumba esithintekile. I-skin graft ingase idingeke ukuvala isifo. Ngisho nangemva kokuhlinzwa, izilonda zingase ziqhubeke zivele kwezinye izindawo.
- Ukusika nokukhipha. Ukukhipha ngokusebenzisa ubuyekezo akusekho yindlela ephumelelayo yokwelapha i-hidradenitis suppurativa. Indlela ingase icubungulwe ukunikeza ukukhululeka kobuhlungu isikhathi esifushane, kodwa izilonda ngokuvamile zibuye ziqale ngemva kwalokho.
Umshwana wokuzihlangula: I-August iyinkundla yolwazi lwezempilo futhi izimpendulo zayo azihlanganisi iseluleko sezokwelapha. Njalo thintana nochwepheshe bezokwelapha onelayisensi eduze nawe ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiluphi ushintsho.