Iyini i-Hives ne-Angioedema? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, & Ukwelashwa

I-Hives ne-angioedema kuyizimpawu ezivamile zokuzala ezihlasela isikhumba sakho kanye nezinye izicubu ezijulile. I-Hives ibonakala njengezinhlungu eziphakamile, ezibomvu noma ezipinki ebusweni besikhumba sakho, kuyilapho i-angioedema ibangela ukukhula kwezicubu ezijulile, ikakhulukazi eduze kobuso, izindebe, nomlomo.

Lezi zimo zivame ukwenzeka ndawonye futhi zingaba kusukela ekuhluphekeni okuncane kuya ekudingeni ukunakekelwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izinye zezimo ziyaphela zodwa noma ziphendula kahle ekwelapheni, nokuqonda ukuthi kwenzekani kungakusiza uzizwe ulawula kakhulu.

Iyini i-hives?

I-Hives yizimpukane eziphakamile, ezibomvu noma ezipinki ezivela esikhumbeni sakho futhi zizizwa zikhuhla kakhulu. Zibizwa nangokuthi i-urticaria ngabachwepheshe bezokwelapha, futhi zenzeka uma umzimba wakho ukhulula i-histamine njengomphendulo kwento oyibona njengengozi.

Lezi zinhlungu zingaba ncinyane njengomhlathi wepensile noma zinkulu njengopuleti lokudla. Zivame ukushintsha isisindo, zihambe emzimbeni wakho, futhi zingase ziphume endaweni ethile zivela kwenye indawo ngaphakathi kwamahora ambalwa. Leli phethini lokuhamba empeleni ingenye yezimpawu eziyisihluthulelo ezisiza odokotela ukuthi baqonde i-hives.

Iningi le-hives ngayinye liyaphela phakathi kwamahora angu-24, nakuba ezintsha zingase ziqhubeke zivele. Isikhumba sakho sibuyela esimweni esijwayelekile uma seziphelile, ngaphandle kwemikhawulo noma amabala ahlala njalo.

Iyini i-angioedema?

I-Angioedema ukukhula okwenzeka ezicubwini ezijulile zesikhumba sakho ne-mucous membranes. Ngokungafani ne-hives, ehlala ebusweni, i-angioedema ihlasela izicubu ezingaphansi kwesikhumba sakho, ibangela ukubonakala okuqhumayo, okuqhumayo.

Lokhu kukhula kuvame ukubonakala eduze kwamehlo, izindebe, amaphepha, kanye ngezinye izikhathi izandla, izinyawo, noma izitho zangasese. Izindawo ezihlaselekile zingase zizizwe zibambe noma zibuhlungu kunokuba zikhuhla, futhi ukukhula kuvamise ukungalingani, okusho ukuthi kungase kuthonye ohlangothini olulodwa kunelolinye.

Nakuba i-angioedema ingabonakala iyingozi, ikakhulukazi ebusweni, ngokuvamile iyaphela phakathi kwamahora angu-24 kuya kwangu-72. Noma kunjalo, uma ithinta umlomo wakho noma olulimi, iba yingozi yezokwelapha edinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-hives ne-angioedema?

Ukuqaphela izimpawu kusiza ukuqonda ukuthi kwenzekani nokuthi nini kufanele ufuna usizo. Ake sihambe ngalokho ongase uhlangane nakho ngesimo ngasinye.

Izimpawu ezivamile ze-hives zihlanganisa:

• Ama-welts aphakanyisiwe, abomvu noma apinki ahlanzekayo (aba mhlophe) uma ecindezelwa
• Ukukhahlela okukhulu okungase kube kubi ebusuku
• Ama-welts ashintsha usayizi, isisindo, noma indawo usuku lonke
• Ukuvutha noma ukuzwela ezingxenyeni ezihlaselekile
• Ama-welts abonakala ngamaqembu noma asakazeka ezindaweni ezinkulu zesikhumba

Izimpawu ezivamile ze-angioedema yilezi:

• Ukukhuluphala emehlweni akho, okwenza abonakale beqhelile noma bevalekile cishe
• Izindebe ezinkulu ezingase zibe nzima noma zingakhululeki
• Ubuso obukhulu, ulimi, noma umlomo
• Ukukhuluphala ezandleni, ezinyaweni, noma endaweni yobudoda
• Isikhumba esizizwa siqinile, esishisayo, noma esibuhlungu uma sithintwa
• Ukukhuluphala kokukhuluma ngokucacile uma ulimi noma izindebe zithintekile

Izimpawu zingase zivele ngaphakathi kwamaminithi okuvezwa entuthuko noma ngezinye izikhathi zithathe amahora amaningana ukuze zivele. Abantu abaningi bathola ukukhahlela okuvela kwi-hives kuyaphambukisa kakhulu kunokuhlungu, kuyilapho i-angioedema ithambekele ekubeni yimbangela yokungakhululeki okukhulu ngenxa yokukhuluphala nokuqinile.

Ziyini izinhlobo ze-hives ne-angioedema?

Odokotela bahlukanisa lezi zimo ngokusekelwe ekutheni zihlala isikhathi esingakanani nokuthi yini eziqalayo. Ukuqonda uhlobo olukhona kusiza ukuqondisa izindlela zokwelapha nokuphatha.

Uhlanga olukhulu ne-angioedema luhlala isikhathi esingaphansi kwamasonto ayisithupha futhi luyindlela evamile kunazo zonke. Ngokuvamile lube nomkhuhlane ofakazelwayo njengokudla, imithi, noma ukutheleleka. Abantu abaningi bayabhekana nalolu hlobo, futhi ngokuvamile luyaphela ngokuphelele uma umkhuhlane ususiwe noma imbangela eyingqayizivele iphelelwe.

Uhlanga oluqhubekayo ne-angioedema luyaqhubeka amasonto ayisithupha noma ngaphezulu, ngezinye izikhathi luhlala izinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka. Imbangela ngokuvamile kunzima ukuyibona, futhi lezi zimo zingadinga ukuphathwa okuqhubekayo. Cishe u-1-2% wabantu bayabhekana nohlanga oluqhubekayo ngesinye isikhathi ekuphileni kwabo.

Urticaria yomzimba ivela ngenxa yokukhuthaza komzimba njengengcindezi, ubuqabaka, ukushisa, ukukhanya kwelanga, noma ukuzamazama. Lolu hlobo lunokuqagela ngoba ngokuvamile ungabona ngqo ukuthi yini ebangela izimpawu zakho.

Kukhona nezinye izinhlobo ezingavamile okufanele uzibone. I-angioedema ezuzwe ngokuzala yisimo se-genetic esibangela ukubola okuphindaphindayo kokubola okukhulu ngaphandle kohlanga. I-urticaria ye-autoimmune ivela uma isimiso sakho sokuvikela umzimba sihlasele ngephutha amangqamuzana akho olukhuni, futhi uhlanga oluvuselelwa umzimba lubonakala ngokukhethekile ngesikhathi noma ngemuva kokusebenza komzimba.

Yini ebangela uhlanga ne-angioedema?

Lezi zimo zenzeka uma isimiso sakho sokuvikela umzimba sikhipha i-histamine nezinye izinto ezibangela ukukhuthaza. Cabanga ngakho njengesixwayiso somzimba wakho esiqala ukusebenza, ngisho noma kungase kungabi khona ingozi yangempela.

Izimbangela ezivamile kakhulu abantu ababhekana nazo zihlanganisa:

Izimbangela ezihlobene nokudla:

• Izinhlanzi, i-shellfish, amaqanda, ubisi, amantongomane, ne-soy
• Izithasiselo zokudla njenge-sulfites noma imibala yemvelo
• Uchweba, ikakhulukazi uma uhlanganiswa nokudla okuthile

Izimbangela zemithi:

• Ama-antibiotics, ikakhulukazi ipenicillin nama-sulfa drugs
• Imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu efana ne-aspirin, i-ibuprofen, noma i-naproxen
• Imithi yegazi ebizwa ngokuthi yi-ACE inhibitors
• Izinto ezikhanyayo ezisetshenziswa ekwenzeni izithombe zezokwelapha

Izici zemvelo:

• Ukutshwa noma ukulunywa yizinambuzane
• Uphondo, uboya bezilwane, noma ama-dust mites
• I-latex noma ezinye izinto ezingathinta ezingabangela ukuphefumula
• Ukushisa okukhulu, ukucindezela, noma ilanga

Ukutheleleka nezifo:

• Ukutheleleka ngama-virus njengokubanda okuvamile
• Ukutheleleka ngama-bacteria, kufaka phakathi i-strep throat
• I-Hepatitis noma ezinye izifo ezithinta umzimba wonke

Ngesinye isikhathi ukucindezeleka, ukuguquka kwamahomoni, noma izimo ze-autoimmune zingabangela lezi zenzakalo. Ezimweni eziningi ze-hives ezingekho zingapheli, odokotela abazitholi isizathu esithile, okungaba yinto ecasulayo kodwa akushintshi indlela yokwelapha.

Izimbangela ezingavamile zihlanganisa izifo ze-thyroid, ezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza, noma izimo ze-genetic njenge-hereditary angioedema. Udokotela wakho uzobheka lezi zinto uma izimpawu zakho zinzima, zihlala isikhathi eside, noma zihambisana nezinye izimpawu ezicasulayo.

Nini kufanele ubheke udokotela nge-hives ne-angioedema?

Eziningi zezimo ze-hives zingaphathwa ekhaya, kodwa ezinye izimo zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Ukubona ukuthi nini kufanele ucele usizo kungavimbela izinkinga futhi kukuphe ukuthula kwengqondo.

Funani ukunakekelwa okusheshayo uma uhlangabezana nalokhu:

• Ubunzima bokuqeda, ukuhlabana, noma ukuphefumula okufushane
• Ukukhula kolwemi, umlomo, noma ngaphakathi komlomo wakho
• I-pulse esheshayo, ukukhungatheka, noma ukuzizwa sengathi ungase udle
• Ukukhula okukhulu kobuso bakho okuthinta ukubona kwakho
• I-hives ebanzi ehlanganisa iningi lomzimba wakho
• Izimpawu ze-anaphylaxis njengokuphefumula, ukugabha, noma ukukhathazeka okukhulu

Lezi zimpawu zingabonisa ukusabela okukhulu okungokwempilo okudingayo ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Unganqikazi ukubiza i-911 noma uye ekamelweni eliseduze lokuphuthumayo.

Hlela isikhathi sokubona udokotela uma una:

• I-Hives ehlala isikhathi eside kunamazinsuku ambalwa
• Izimpawu eziphazamisa ubuthongo bakho noma imisebenzi yansuku zonke
• Izehlakalo eziphindaphindayo ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile
• I-Angioedema ethinta ubuso bakho ngokuphindaphindiwe
• Izimpawu zokutheleleka njengobushushu noma ukushisa ezindaweni eziqabukile

Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthi ubone izinto ezikubangela, anikeze imithi enamandla uma kudingeka, futhi asuse izimo ezingaphansi. Ukungenelela kwasekuqaleni kuvame ukubangela ukulawulwa kangcono kwezimpawu nokuphila okuhle.

Iyini ingozi yokuthola i-hives ne-angioedema?

Izici ezithile zingakwenza kube lula ukuthola lezi zimo. Ukuqonda ingozi yakho kukusiza ukuthi uthathe izinyathelo zokuvikela futhi uqaphele izimpawu ngokushesha.

Abantu abane-allergies noma i-asthma banengozi enkulu ngoba amasosha abo omzimba asevele alungele ukusabela kakhulu ezintweni. Uma une-hay fever, i-allergies yokudla, noma i-eczema, unesihle kakhulu sokuthola i-hives ne-angioedema.

Izici zomlando womuntu siqu nomndeni zihlanganisa:

• Izehlakalo zangaphambili ze-hives noma i-angioedema
• Amalungu omndeni anemiphumela efanayo
• I-allergies ezaziwayo ekudleni, imithi, noma izinto ezibangela i-allergies
• Izimo ze-autoimmune njenge-lupus noma isifo se-thyroid
• Ukuqunjelwa okungapheli noma izifo zesimiso somzimba

Izici zesitayela sokuphila nendawo:

• Amazinga aphezulu engcindezi noma izinguquko ezinkulu ekuphileni
• Ukuvezwa njalo ezintweni ezingabangela i-allergies
• Ukuthatha imithi eminingi, ikakhulukazi entsha
• Ukusebenza ezindaweni zokunakekelwa kwezempilo noma ezikhungweni zelebhu
• Ukuphila ezindaweni ezinophahla olukhulu noma amazinga aphezulu okungcolisa

Ubudala nobulili nawo udlala indima. I-hives ebukhali ibathinta kakhulu abantwana nabantu abadala abasebancane, kuyilapho i-hives ehlala njalo ivame kakhulu kubesifazane abaneminyaka ephakathi. Ukushintsha kwamahomoni ngesikhathi sokuya esikhathini, ukukhulelwa, noma ukuqeda ukuya esikhathini kungabangela izigameko kwabesifazane abathile.

Izimo ezithile ezingavamile ze-genetic njenge-hereditary angioedema zigijima emindenini futhi zibangela izigameko eziphindaphindayo zokukhula okukhulu. Uma amalungu amaningi omndeni enezimpawu ezifanayo, ukuhlolwa kwe-genetic kungase kunconywe.

Ziyini izinhlanganisela ezingaba khona ze-hives ne-angioedema?

Nakuba amacala amaningi ehlala ngaphandle kwezinkinga, kubalulekile ukuqonda izinhlanganisela ezingaba khona ukuze ukwazi ukubuka izimpawu zezexwayiso bese ufuna ukunakekelwa okufanele uma kudingeka.

Inhlanganisela ebucayi kakhulu yi-anaphylaxis, ukusabela okukhulu okungaba yingozi eyingozi. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho i-immune system yakho yonke imizimba iphendula ngokweqile, ibeka ukucindezela kwegazi lakho phansi futhi iyancipha izindlela zakho zokuphefumula. I-Anaphylaxis idinga ukwelashwa okusheshayo kwezimo eziphuthumayo nge-epinephrine.

Izimpawu ze-anaphylaxis zihlanganisa:

• Ukuqala okusheshayo kwe-hives ebanzi ngokukhahlela okukhulu
• Ubunzima bokuqeda noma ukugwinya
• I-pulse esheshayo noma ebuthakathaka
• Ukuphefumula, ukugabha, noma ukugula okukhulu kwesisu
• Ukuzwa kokuba sekufika ukufa noma ukukhathazeka okukhulu
• Ukulahlekelwa ukwazi

Ukuvinjelwa kwe-airway kungenzeka lapho i-angioedema ithonya umlomo wakho, ulimi, noma ibhokisi lezwi. Lokhu kuyingozi ngokukhethekile ngoba kungavimba ukuphefumula kwakho ngaphakathi kwamaminithi. Noma yikuphi ukukhula ngaphakathi emlonyeni wakho noma ubunzima bokukhuluma kufanele kuphathwe njengokuphuthumayo.

Izinhlanganisela ezingathandeki kodwa zisazenzela ukukhathazeka zihlanganisa:

• Ukutheleleka kwesikhumba okubangelwa ukukhahlela okukhulu
• Ukuphazamiseka kokulala okuholela ekhathaleni nakushintsheni kwemizwelo
• Ukuhlukaniswa komphakathi ngenxa yokukhathazeka ngokubonakala
• Ukukhathazeka noma ukucindezeleka okuvela ezimpawu ezihlala njalo
• Ukuhlupheka emsebenzini, esikoleni, noma emisebenzini yansuku zonke

Izinhlungu ezingapheli zingathinta kakhulu ikhwalithi yokuphila kwakho, zibangele ukucindezeleka ngokomzwelo futhi zithinte ubuhlobo. Abanye abantu bathuthukisa ukwesaba ukudla ukudla okuthile noma ukuya ezindaweni ezithile, okungaba ukulinganiselwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Izinkinga ezingavamile zihlanganisa ukukhula okuqhubekayo okungaphenduli ekwelapheni nasemiphumeleni emibi yemithi evela ekusetshenzisweni kwemithi yokulwa ne-antihistamine isikhathi eside. Ukusebenzisana eduze nodokotela wakho kusiza ukunciphisa lezi zingqinamba ngenkathi uphatha kahle izimpawu zakho.

Kungenzeka kanjani ukuvimbela izinhlungu ne-angioedema?

Ukuvimbela kugxile ekubeni uqaphele futhi ugweme izinto ezibangela izinkinga zakho ngenkathi ugcina amasiko aphile kahle. Nakuba ungakwazi ukuvimbela yonke izehlakalo, lezi zindlela zinganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho.

Indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuvimbela ukugwema izinto ezibangela izinkinga. Gcina idayari eningiliziwe yokuqala lapho izehlakalo zenzeka khona, lokho okwakudlile, imithi oyithathe, imisebenzi owayeyenza, kanye namazinga akho wokucindezeleka. Lokhu kusiza ukubona izindlela ezingase zingabonakali ekuqaleni.

Izindlela zokuvimbela ezihlobene nokudla:

• Funda imibhalo yemikhiqizo ngokucophelela, ikakhulukazi ngezinto ezingaba yingozi
• Faka ukudla okusha ngesinye isikhathi futhi ngezinani ezincane
• Gwema utshwala uma uzama ukudla okusha noma imithi
• Tshela abasebenzi berestoran mayelana nezinto ozigwegwela uma uya kudla ngaphandle
• Thatha imithi yokuphuthuma uma unezinto ozigwegwela kakhulu

Izindlela zokuphepha zemithi:

• Tshela bonke abahlinzeki bezempilo mayelana nemiphumela yangaphambili
• Gqoka ibhulukwe lesaziso lezokwelapha uma unezinto ozigwegwela kakhulu
• Ungalokothi wabelane ngemithi yokwelapha nabanye
• Buza ngezinye izindlela uma udinga imithi oyake waphendula ngayo ngaphambili
• Gcina uhlu lwemithi yonke ebikezele izinkinga

Izindlela ezingokwemvelo nezesiko lokuphila:

• Lawula ukucindezeleka ngezindlela zokuphumula noma ngokwelulekwa
• Gwema ukushisa okukhulu noma zivikele uma kudingeka ukuvezwa
• Sebenzisa imikhiqizo yokunakekela olukhuni oluthambile, olungenayo iphunga
• Gcina indawo ohlala kuyo ihlanzekile ukuze unciphise ukuvezwa kwizinto ezingakubangela ukuqabuka
• Zivocavoca njalo kodwa gwema izinto ezaziwa ukuthi zingakubangela ubuhlungu bomzimba

Kubantu abane-hives ezingapheli, ukuthatha ama-antihistamines nsuku zonke njengoba kunqunywe udokotela wakho kungavimbela izigameko ngisho noma izinto ezikubangela zingagwenyeki ngokuphelele. Le ndlela isebenza kahle ikakhulu kubantu abazizinto ezikubangela ezinzima ukuzithola noma ukuzisusa ngokuphelele.

I-hives ne-angioedema zitholakala kanjani?

Ukuxilongwa kuvame ukuqala ngokuhlola udokotela wakho isikhumba sakho bese ebuza imibuzo emininingi mayelana nezimpawu zakho. Ezimweni eziningi, ukubonakala okuhlukile kwe-hives ne-angioedema kwenza ukuxilongwa kube lula.

Udokotela wakho uzothanda ukwazi ukuthi izimpawu zaqala nini, zibonakala kanjani, isikhathi eside ama-welts ahlukile ahlala isikhathi esingakanani, nokuthi uqaphele yini izinto ezikubangela. Bazobabuza futhi ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha, imithi oyithathayo njengamanje, izifo zakamuva, nomlando womndeni wokubeletha.

Ukuhlolwa komzimba kugxila ku:

• Ubukhulu, ukuma, nokusabalala kwama-welts noma ukukhula
• Indlela isikhumba sakho esiphendula ngayo lapho sicindezelwa (ivivinyo le-dermographism)
• Izimpawu zokubeletha okunye noma ukutheleleka
• Izimpawu zakho eziphilayo, ikakhulukazi uma ubonakala ungaphili kahle
• Izindawo zokukhula ezingase zithinte ukuphefumula

Ezimweni ezibuhlungu ezinezinto ezikubangela ezicacile, akunakudingeka ukuhlolwa okuengeziwe. Noma kunjalo, uma izimpawu zakho zinzima, ziphindaphinda, noma zihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto ayisithupha, udokotela wakho angase akukhuthaze ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo.

Izivivinyo ezengeziwe zingafaka:

• Izivivinyo zesikhumba se-allergy noma izivivinyo zegazi ukuthola izinto ezibangela ukuphazamiseka okuthile
• Ukubalwa kwamagazi okuphelele ukuhlola ukutheleleka noma ezinye izimo
• Izivivinyo zomsebenzi we-thyroid njengoba ukungasebenzi kahle kwe-thyroid kungabangela i-hives ezingapheli
• Amaphawu e-autoimmune uma kucatshangelwa imbangela ye-autoimmune
• Amazinga e-Tryptase ukuqeda i-mastocytosis, isimo esingavamile

Emacaleni lapho kucatshangelwa khona i-angioedema ezuzwe ngokuzalwa, izivivinyo zegazi ezikhethekile zilinganisa amazinga e-complement. Udokotela wakho angase futhi akukhuthaze ukugcina idayari yezimpawu noma ukususa ukudla okucatshangelwayo ekudleni kwakho ukusiza ukuthola izinto ezibangela ukuphazamiseka.

Ngezinye izikhathi odokotela benza izivivinyo zokulinga, lapho uvezwa khona ezintweni ezicatshangelwayo ezingabangela ukuphazamiseka endaweni yezokwelapha eqondiswayo. Lokhu kwenziwa kuphela uma izinzuzo ezingaba khona zidlula ingozi futhi njalo ngokwelashwa okuphakathi kwesimo esiphuthumayo okutholakala kalula.

Iyini impilo ye-hives ne-angioedema?

Ukwelashwa kugqamele ekunciphiseni izimpawu, ukuvimbela izinkinga, nokubona izinto ezibangela ukuphazamiseka ukuze kuvinjelwe izehlakalo zesikhathi esizayo. Indlela ethathiwe ihlala ixhomeke ebukhali bezimpawu zakho nokuthi lokhu kuyisimo esibuhlungu noma esingapheli.

Ngezimpawu ezincane kuya ezimaphakathi, ama-antihistamines yilona lwesiqalo lokwelashwa. Lezi zidakamizwa zivala i-histamine, ikhemikhali umzimba wakho eyiphuma ngesikhathi sezimo ze-allergic. Ama-antihistamines amanje aphezulu kakhulu futhi abangeli ubuthakathaka kunama-versions endala.

Izinketho eziqhelekile ze-antihistamine zifaka:

• ILoratadine (Claritin), i-cetirizine (Zyrtec), noma i-fexofenadine (Allegra) yokusetshenziswa kwansuku zonke
• IDiphenhydramine (Benadryl) ukuthola ukukhululeka okusheshayo, nakuba kungabangela ubuthakathaka
• Amazinga aphezulu kunokujwayelekile angase abekwe amacala anzima
• Ukuhlanganisa izinhlobo ezahlukene ze-antihistamines ukuze kube nokulawula kangcono

Ngezimpawu ezinzima kakhulu, ukwelashwa okwengeziwe kufaka:

• Amakortikodisteroidi omdaka anjengoprednisone okusetshenziswa isikhathi esifushane ngesikhathi sezimpawu eziqine kakhulu
• Izinsimbi zokudubula i-epinephrine kubantu abasengozini ye-anaphylaxis
• Izinjoloba ze-Omalizumab (Xolair) zezimpukane ezingapheli ezingaphenduli kuma-antihistamines
• Imithi yokucindezela amasosha omzimba ezimweni ezinkulu, ezihlala njalo
• Ukwelashwa okuphaphandwayo kufaka phakathi imithi ye-IV kanye nokusekela umoya uma kudingeka

Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokwelashwa okuphumelelayo okuthambile futhi alungise ngokusekelwe ekuphenduleni kwakho. Abantu abaningi bathola impumuzo enkulu nge-antihistamines kuphela, kuyilapho abanye bedinga izindlela ezihlangene ukuze kuqiniswe ukulawula.

Nge-angioedema ezuzwe ngokuzalwa, imithi ekhethekile ehlose uhlelo lwe-complement iyasetshenziswa. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukugxila kwe-C1 esterase inhibitor kanye nemithi emisha njenge-icatibant, engayekisa izimpawu ngokushesha uma inikezwa ngokushesha.

Indlela yokuphatha izimpukane ne-angioedema ekhaya?

Ukuphathwa ekhaya kugxile ekunciphiseni izimpawu nokuvimbela izinto eziqala izimpawu ngenkathi ulinda ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha ukuze kusebenze. Lezi zindlela zingathuthukisa kakhulu induduzo yakho futhi zisize ukuvimbela iziqephu ezingabi bibi.

Izicupho ezibandayo zinikeza impumuzo ngokushesha kwesikhumba esikhazimulayo, esivuvukile. Faka ithusi elihlanzekile, elinamandla noma iphakethe leqhwa eligoqwe ngetawuli ezindaweni ezibuhlungu imizuzu engu-10-15 ngesikhathi. Lokhu kusiza ukunciphisa umuzwa wokukhazimula nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala.

Amasu okunakekelwa kwesikhumba asisiza afaka:

• Ukugeza amanzi abandayo ane-oatmeal noma i-baking soda ukuthula isikhumba esibuhlungu
• Ukusebenzisa imithi yokuthambisa ebushelelezi, engenayo iphunga ukuvimbela ukombile
• Ukugqoka izingubo ezikhululekile, ezithambile ezenziwe ngezinto zemvelo
• Ukuqeda ukugeza amanzi ashisayo noma amabhati angenza ukukhazimula kube sibi
• Ukuqapha iinzipho zakho zifushane ukuze kuncishiswe ukulimala ngokucoca

Ukushintsha indlela yokuphila phakathi kweziqephu:

• Hlala ezindaweni ezipholile, eziqabulayo uma kungenzeka
• Zama amasu okuqeda ukucindezeleka njengokuphefumula okujulile noma ukucamngca
• Gwema utshwala, olukhona ukwenza izimpawu ze-histamine zibe zimbi kakhulu
• Tholani ubuthongo obukhulu ukuze usekele isimo sakho somzimba
• Hlala uthola amanzi, ikakhulukazi uma uthatha ama-antihistamine

Ama-antihistamine atholakala ngaphandle kokubhalwa yi-dokotela angasiza kakhulu uma esetshenziswa kahle. Landela imiyalo yephakheji futhi ungadluli amanani acatshangelwe ngaphandle kokubonisana nodokotela wakho. Uma uhlobo oluthile lungasebenzi kahle, buza uthisha wakho wezokwelapha ngezinye izinketho.

Qapha izimpawu zakho ngokucophelela bese ufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha uma zibe zimbi noma izimpawu ezintsha ezikhathazayo zivele. Gcina idayari yezimpawu ukuze usize ukubona ama-phethini kanye nezinto eziqalisa izimpawu ongazihlanganisa nodokotela wakho.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho nodokotela?

Ukulungiselela okuhle kusiza udokotela wakho ukuthi aqonde kangcono isimo sakho futhi enze uhlelo lokwelapha oluphumelelayo kakhulu. Ukuthatha isikhathi sokulungisa ulwazi kusengaphambili kwenza ukuvakasha kube nomphumela omuhle kubabili.

Ngaphambi kwe-aphoyintimenti yakho, dala isikhathi esiningi sezimo zakho. Qaphela ukuthi zaqala nini, zazibonakala kanjani, zaziphela isikhathi esingakanani, nanoma yiziphi izinto ezazibonakala zizibangela noma zizenza zibe zimbi. Izithombe zingasiza kakhulu ngoba ama-hives avame ukuphela ngesikhathi ubona udokotela.

Letha uhlu oluphelele lwe:

• Yonke imithi oyithatha njengamanje, kufaka phakathi imithi etholakala ngaphandle kokubhalwa yi-dokotela kanye nezinye izithasiselo
• Noma iyiphi imithi emisha, ukudla, noma imikhiqizo oyizamele ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba izimpawu zivele
• Izimpawu zokuzwa okuqondile noma izigameko zama-hives okade uhlangabezana nazo
• Umbukiso womndeni wokuzwa okuqondile, izimo ze-autoimmune, noma izimpawu ezifanayo
• Ukugula kwamuva, ukutheleleka, noma izehlakalo ezikhathazayo

Imibuzo okufanele uyibuze udokotela wakho ihlanganisa:

• Iyini imbangela ebonakala kakhulu yezimpawu zami?
• Ingabe ngidinga ukuhlolwa okuthile ukuze kutholakale izinto ezibangela noma ukususwa kwezinye izimo?
• Yimiphi imithi oyincomayo, futhi yiziphi izingozi zayo?
• Kufanele ngilinde nini ukuthuthuka, futhi kuthiwani uma izimpawu zingaphuli?
• Ingabe ngidinga i-epinephrine auto-injector ezimweni eziphuthumayo?
• Yiziphi izimpawu zexwayiso okumele zingenze ngifune ukunakekelwa okuphaphandayo?

Uma unezimpawu ezisebenzayo ngesikhathi sokudokotela, lokhu empeleni kusiza ekuxilongweni. Ungasebenzisi ubuqambi noma ama-lotion ezindaweni ezibuhlungu ukuze udokotela wakho akwazi ukubona isikhumba sakho ngokucacile. Cabanga ukuletha umngane othembekile noma ilungu lomndeni elingakusiza ukuba ukhumbule ulwazi futhi ubuze imibuzo eyengeziwe.

Iyini into ebaluleke kakhulu mayelana ne-hives ne-angioedema?

I-Hives ne-angioedema kuyizimpendulo ezivamile zokuzala ezingavamile, nakuba zivame ukungakhululeki futhi ngezinye izikhathi zesabekisa, ngokuvamile ziphatheka kahle ngokwelashwa okufanele nokuvinjwa kokubangela. Izigameko eziningi ziyaphela zodwa noma ziphendula kahle kuma-antihistamines.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukubona ukuthi nini izimpawu zidinga ukunakekelwa okuphaphandayo. Ukuphefumula okunzima, ukukhula komlomo, noma izimpawu ze-anaphylaxis kudinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ngalezinye izimpawu, ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kuvame ukuvimbela ukwanda futhi kunikeze impumuzo esheshayo.

Ukusebenzisana nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole izinto ezibangela futhi wenze uhlelo lokuphatha kukunika ithuba elihle kakhulu lokuvimbela izigameko zesikhathi esizayo. Abantu abaningi baphatha kahle izimpawu zabo futhi bagcina imisebenzi yabo evamile ngendlela efanele.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuba ne-hives noma i-angioedema akusho ukuthi ukhonjwe ukuphila ngokulinganiselwa. Ngokuphathwa okufanele, abantu abaningi bathola izindlela ezisebenzayo zokunciphisa umthelela wabo futhi baphile ngokunethezeka. Hlala unolwazi, landela uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa, futhi ungangabazi ukucela usizo uma ulikhona.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwa mayelana ne-hives ne-angioedema

U-1. Ingabe i-hives iyadluliseka?

Cha, i-hives ayidluliseki nhlobo. Awukwazi ukuthola i-hives kumuntu othile noma uyidlulisele kwabanye abantu ngokuthinta. I-hives iyisici esibangelwa ukungezwani okuqhubekayo emzimbeni wakho, hhayi ukutheleleka okubangelwa yibhaktheriya noma ama-virus. Noma kunjalo, uma ukutheleleka okuthile kubangela i-hives yakho, leyo ntheleleko ngokwayo ingaba yadluliseka.

U-2. I-hives ihlala isikhathi esingakanani?

I-hives ngayinye ivame ukunyamalala phakathi namahora angu-24, nakuba ezinye ezintsha zingase ziqhubeke zivele. Izimo ezibuhlungu zivame ukulungisa ngokuphelele phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa kuya ekuqedeni kwamasonto ayisithupha. I-hives eqhubekayo ihlala amasonto ayisithupha noma ngaphezulu, ngezinye izikhathi ihlala izinyanga noma ngisho neminyaka. Ukuqagela okungalindelekile kwe-hives kungadumaza, kodwa abantu abaningi babona ukuthuthuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngokwelashwa okufanele.

U-3. Ingabe ukucindezeleka kungenza i-hives?

Yebo, ukucindezeleka ngokuqinisekile kungabangela i-hives kubantu abathile. Uma ucindezelekile, umzimba wakho ukhulula ama-hormone kanye nezikemikhali ezingase zisebenze isimiso sakho sokuvikela umzimba futhi zibangele ukukhishwa kwe-histamine. Ukucindezeleka akubangeli ngokuqondile ukungezwani, kodwa kungakwenza ube sengozini yokuqhuma noma kubangele izimpawu ezikhona. Ukuphatha ukucindezeleka ngezindlela zokuphumula kuvame ukusiza ukunciphisa ukwanda kwe-hives kanye nobunzima bayo.

U-4. Kuphephile yini ukuzivocavoca nge-hives?

Ukuzivocavoca okulula kuvame ukuba kuhle uma uzizwa kahle ngaphandle kwalokho, kodwa umsebenzi onamandla ungenza izimpawu zakho zibe zimbi. Ukushisa, ukubila, kanye nokwanda kokugeleza kwegazi kungenza i-hives ibonakale kakhulu futhi ibe nomkhuhlane. Abanye abantu bathuthukisa i-hives ebangelwa ukuzivocavoca ebonakala ngokukhethekile ngesikhathi noma ngemva komsebenzi womzimba. Lalela umzimba wakho futhi ugweme ukuzivocavoca okukhulu kuze kube yilapho izimpawu zakho ziqeda. Uma ukuzivocavoca kubonakala sengathi kubangela i-hives yakho, xoxa ngaleli phethini nodokotela wakho.

U-5. Ingabe abantwana bangakwazi ukukhula bephephile i-hives?

Abantwana abaningi bayakwazi ukukhula bephepha ukuthambekela kokuthola i-hives, ikakhulukazi lezo ezingokwe-allergies zokudla. Njengoba amasosha omzimba abo ekhula, bavame ukuba abasaphenduki kakhulu ezintweni ezazibangela izingxaki ngaphambili. Noma kunjalo, abanye abantwana baqhubeka beba nezingxaki ze-allergies kuya ebuntwini. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ngisho nezimpawu eziqhubekayo ngokuvamile ziyaba lula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi njengoba abantwana befunda ukubona nokuqeda izinto ebabangela izingxaki. Ukulandelela njalo nodokotela wezingxaki ze-allergies kubantwana kusiza ekuqondeni intuthuko nokulungisa ukwelashwa njengoba kudingeka.