Ukuqina Kwe-oxalate Emathunjini Yini? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, & Ukwelashwa

Ukuqina kwe-oxalate emathunjini yisimo lapho umzimba wakho ukhulula khona i-oxalate eningi kakhulu, into yemvelo evamise ukuhlanzwa ngezinkalankala zakho. Uma amazinga e-oxalate ekhuphuka kakhulu, angadibana ne-calcium ukwakha amatshe ezinkalankaleni ababuzayo noma, ezimweni ezinzima, onakalise izinkalankala zakho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Lesi simo sithinta abantu ngezindlela ezahlukene kuye ngesizathu saso esiyimbangela. Abanye abantu bazalwa benezinguquko ze-genetic eziholela ekuqineni kwe-oxalate emathunjini, kanti abanye bayithola ngenxa yezinto zokudla noma izinkinga zokugaya. Ukuqonda ukuthi kwenzekani emzimbeni wakho kungakusiza ukusebenzisana neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukulawula izimpawu nokuvikela impilo yezinkalankala zakho.

Ukuqina kwe-oxalate emathunjini yini?

Ukuqina kwe-oxalate emathunjini kwenzeka lapho umchamo wakho unamazinga aphezulu ngokungavamile e-oxalate, i-compound umzimba wakho oyenza ngokwemvelo ngesikhathi sokuguqulwa kwemvelo. Izinkalankala zakho ngokuvamile zihlanza i-oxalate engaphezulu, kodwa uma iningi kakhulu, ingabangela izinkinga.

Cabanga nge-oxalate njengosawoti emanzini. Uma unelisekile, konke kuhlala kuhlanganisiwe. Kodwa uma kukhona i-oxalate eningi kakhulu emchameni wakho, iqala ukunamathela ndawonye ne-calcium, ikha amatshe angakhula abe ngamatshe ezinkalankala. La matshe angaba buhlungu kakhulu futhi angavimba ukugeleza komchamo.

Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zokuqina kwe-oxalate emathunjini, ngayinye inezimbangela kanye namazinga okukhulu. Isimo singaba ukusuka ezimweni ezilula eziholela kuphela emathsheni ezinkalankala ngezikhathi ezithile kuya ezinhlotsheni ezinzima ezingabangela ukonakala kwezinkalankala uma zingaphathwa.

Ziyini izinhlobo zokuqina kwe-oxalate emathunjini?

Ukuqina kwe-oxalate emathunjini kuza ngezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko, ngayinye ibangelwa izinto ezahlukene. Ukuqina kwe-oxalate emathunjini okuyinhloko kuyindlela enzima kakhulu futhi kwenzeka uma uzalwa unezinguquko ze-genetic eziqeda indlela isibindi sakho esiphatha ngayo i-oxalate.

I-hyperoxaluria ekuqaleni inezinhlobo ezintathu. Uhlobo 1 luyindlela evamile futhi ngokuvamile oluqatha kakhulu, oluvela ebuntwaneni ngamatshe omkhulu. Uhlobo 2 luthambile futhi lungase lungabonisi izimpawu kuze kube sekupheleni kokuphila. Uhlobo 3 luyindlela engavamile futhi lwafunyanwa abacwaningi kuphela muva nje.

I-hyperoxaluria yesibili ithuthukiswa izinto ezinye njengokudla, imithi, noma izinkinga zokugaya. Lolu hlobo luvamile kune-hyperoxaluria ekuqaleni futhi ngokuvamile luphendula kahle ekwelapheni. Ngokungafani nezinhlobo ze-genetic, i-hyperoxaluria yesibili ingabuyekezwa ngokulungisa imbangela yayo.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-hyperoxaluria?

Isimpawu esivamile se-hyperoxaluria yimatshe omkhulu, angabangela ubuhlungu obukhulu obuza futhi buhambe. Ungase uzwe ubuhlungu obukhulu emhlane, eceleni, noma esiswini esingezansi okungaba nzima kangangokuba kukwenze ube nomkhuhlane noma ukukhahlela.

Nazi izimpawu ongazihlangabezana nazo, khumbula ukuthi zingase zihluke kumuntu nomuntu:

• Ubuhlungu obukhulu, obukhulu emhlane noma eceleni okungase kuyeke ekuhlanguleni kwakho
• Igazi emanzini akho, elingase libukeke lipinki, libomvu, noma liluhlaza
• Ukuthamba kaningi noma ukufuna ukuthamba ngamandla
• Ukuvutha lapho uthamba
• Amanzi athambile noma anephunga elibi
• Ukukhahlela nokukhahlela ngesikhathi semicimbi yamathe
• Ukuvuvukala nokuthanda ukubanda uma itshe libangela ukutheleleka

Ezimweni ezinzima ze-hyperoxaluria ekuqaleni, ungase uhlangabezane nezimpawu ezihlobene nokulimala kwesibindi. Lezi zingafaka ukukhula ezinyaweni noma emazwini akho, ukukhathala, nokuchwechwa kokuthamba. Abanye abantu abanesifo esithuthukile bangase bathuthukise ama-deposits e-calcium oxalate kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wabo, kulimaze amathambo abo, inhliziyo, noma amehlo.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuthi abanye abantu abane-hyperoxaluria ephansi bangase bangabi nazimpawu nhlobo, ikakhulukazi ezingxenyeni zokuqala. Isimo singatholakala kuphela ekuhlolweni okujwayelekile kwe-urine noma lapho kuhlolwa ezinye izinkinga zempilo.

Yini ebangela i-hyperoxaluria?

I-Hyperoxaluria ithuthukiswa uma umzimba wakho uthola oxalate eningi kakhulu noma unezinkinga zokususa ngokufanele. Izimbangela ziyahluka kuye ngohlobo lwe-hyperoxaluria onayo, nokuqonda imbangela yayo yenza kube lula ukwelapha.

I-hyperoxaluria eyinhloko ivela ngenxa yenguquko ye-genetic ozalwa nayo. Lezi zinguquko ze-genetic zithinta ama-enzyme e-liver akho aqeda izinto ezithile. Uma la ma-enzyme engasebenzi kahle, i-liver yakho yenza oxalate eningi, eya ema-kidneys akho bese igxiliswa e-urine yakho.

I-hyperoxaluria yesibili ingathuthukiswa izinto eziningi ezahlukene:

• Ukudla ukudla okunoxalate eningi njengesi-spinach, amantongomane, i-chocolate, noma itiye
• Ukuthatha ama-supplements e-vitamin C amaningi, umzimba wakho uwaguqula abe yi-oxalate
• Ukuba nesifo se-inflammatory bowel noma ezinye izifo zokugaya ukudla
• Ukuhlinzwa kwesisu ngaphambili noma ezinye i-surgeries zezinso
• Ukuhlanza okungapheli noma izinkinga zokungagayi kahle
• Ukungaphuzi amanzi anele, okugxilisa i-oxalate e-urine yakho
• Imithi ethile noma ama-supplements

Ngezinye izikhathi, izinkinga zokugaya ukudla zingandisa ukufunwa kwe-oxalate ezibindini zakho. Uma izibindini zakho zingagayi kahle amafutha, i-oxalate eningi iyatholwa esikhundleni sokuthi isuswe emathunjini. Yingakho abantu abanesifo se-Crohn noma labo abake bahlinzwa banengozi enkulu.

Kwezinye izimo ezingavamile, i-hyperoxaluria ingase ibe khona ngokusebenzisa i-ethylene glycol, etholakala kwi-antifreeze. Lokhu kuvame ukuba yingozi futhi kudinga ukunakekelwa kwesikhathi esifanele kwezokwelapha. Abanye abantu baphuthuma i-hyperoxaluria ngemuva kokuthola imali eningi yemithi ethile noma izithasiselo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Nini kufanele ubona udokotela nge-hyperoxaluria?

Kufanele ubona udokotela uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezingabonisa amatshe eqanda, ikakhulukazi ubuhlungu obukhulu emhlane noma eceleni olungapheli ngokuphumula. Lolu hlobo lobuhlungu luvamise ukuza ngamaza futhi lungaqondana nokuhlanza, okwenza kube nzima ukuthola isikhundla esikhululekile.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwesikhathi esifanele kwezokwelapha uma une-fever ne-chills kanye nezimpawu zamatshe eqanda, njengoba lokhu kungabonisa ukutheleleka okukhulu. Kufanele uthole nokunakekelwa okusheshayo uma ungakwazi ukuthamba nhlobo, une-vomiting ebuhlungu ekuvimbela ekugcineni amanzi, noma uqaphela igazi elikhulu emathini akho.

Kubalulekile futhi ukubona umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uma unezinkinga zamatshe eqanda eziphindaphindayo. Nakuba ukuba namatshe eqanda elilodwa akusho ukuthi une-hyperoxaluria, amatshe amaningi noma amatshe aphuhliswa ebuntwaneni adinga ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe. Udokotela wakho angenza izivivinyo ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi i-hyperoxaluria iyimbangela.

Uma unemlando womndeni wamathe eqanda noma isifo seqanda, ikakhulukazi uma baqala ebuntwaneni, cabanga ukuxoxa lokhu nodokotela wakho. I-Primary hyperoxaluria iqhubeka emindenini, futhi ukutholakala kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kungasiza ukuvimbela izinkinga. Ngisho noma awunazimpawu okwamanje, ukwelulekwa kwe-genetic kungasiza uma izihlobo ezikude zitholiwe leli simo.

Yiziphi izimbangela zengozi ze-hyperoxaluria?

Izici eziningi zingandisa amathuba akho okukhula kwe-hyperoxaluria, nokuqonda lezi zingcipho kungakusiza ukuthatha izinyathelo zokuvikela. Ezinye izimbangela zengozi ongazilawula, kanti ezinye ziyingxenye yemfuyo yakho ye-genetic noma umlando wezokwelapha.

Izici zofuzo zidlalela indima enkulu e-hyperoxaluria ephambili. Uma unezitsha noma abazalwana abanesimo, unethuba elikhulu lokudluliselwa izinguquko zofuzo ezibangela lokhu. Lolu hlobo lwe-hyperoxaluria lulandela iphethini efihliweyo ye-autosomal, okusho ukuthi udinga ukudluliselwa izinguquko zofuzo kubazali bobabili ukuze uthuthukise lesi simo.

Nawa ama-risk factor amakhulu angenza ukwanda kwamathuba akho okukhula kwe-hyperoxaluria:

• Umlando womndeni wamatye eqolo noma i-hyperoxaluria
• Isifo sokuvuvukala sezisu, ikakhulukazi isifo sikaCrohn
• Ukuhlinzwa kwesisu okudlule noma ezinye i-intestinal surgeries
• Ukukhipha okungapheli noma izifo zokungabi nesihlunu
• Ukudla okuningi kokudla okunama-oxalate kanye nokungeni kalula kwe-calcium
• Ukusetshenziswa njalo kwe-vitamin C supplements eningi
• Ukuphelelwa amanzi okungapheli noma ukungeni kwamanzi okuncane
• Imithi ethile ethonya umsebenzi wokukhipha amanzi

Ubudala nobulili futhi zidlalela indima engcupheni. I-hyperoxaluria ephambili ivame ukubonisa izimpawu ebuntwaneni noma ebusheni, nakuba izimo ezithambile zingase zingabonakali kuze kube kamuva ekuphileni. Amadoda avame ukukhula amatye eqolo kuneabesifazane, nakuba abesifazane bangathinteka nakanjani.

Izici zezwe kanye nempilo zibalulekile futhi. Ukuphila ezindaweni ezishisayo lapho ulahlekelwa khona ngamanzi amaningi ngokukhipha izinyembezi kungagxila umchamo wakho futhi kwandisa ingozi yamatye. Ukudla okunosawoti kanye neprotheni yezilwane kuyilapho kuncane i-calcium kungase futhi kuhlanganyele kule nkinga.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zenzeke nge-hyperoxaluria?

Izinkinga ze-hyperoxaluria zingase zihluke kusuka kokuphatheka kalula kuya kokubi kakhulu, kuye ngohlobo nobunzima besimo sakho. Abantu abaningi abane-hyperoxaluria yesibili banezinkinga ezithambile ezaphendula kahle ekwelapheni, kuyilapho i-hyperoxaluria ephambili ingabangela izinkinga ezinkulu uma ingaphathwa kahle.

Amasonto okuphindaphindayo emshinini yinkinga evamile ongahlangana nayo. La masonto angabangela ukuphindaphinda kwezinhlungu ezinzima futhi kungadingeka izinqubo zezokwelapha ukuwasusa. Ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, amasonto avamile angabangela ukwenzakala emshinini wakho nasemgogweni wokuphuma komchamo, okungase kuthonye indlela imishini yakho esebenza ngayo.

Nazi izinkinga ezingase zivele nge-hyperoxaluria:

• Isifo semishini esingapheli esivela ekwakhekeni kwamasonto okuphindaphindayo nasekonakaleni kwemishini
• Ukwehluleka kwemishini okudinga ukuhlanzwa kwegazi noma ukuhlinzwa ezimweni ezinzima
• Ukutheleleka komgogweni wokuphuma komchamo okuvela ematsheni okuvimba ukugeleza komchamo okujwayelekile
• Ukwenzakala kwemishini nokonakala okungapheli kwelisu lemshinini
• Isifo samathambo esivela ekuhlanganiseni kwe-calcium oxalate ngaphandle kwemishini
• Izinkinga zokubetha kwenhliziyo esifweni esiphambili somzimba
• Izinkinga zamehlo ezivela ekuhlanganiseni kwe-oxalate ezimweni ezinzima ezingavamile

Ku-primary hyperoxaluria enzima, ikakhulukazi uhlobo 1, izinkinga zingase zisuke ngaphezu kwemishini. Uma umsebenzi wemishini uyancipha kakhulu, i-oxalate ingakhiwa kulo lonke umzimba wakho, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi i-systemic oxalosis. Lokhu kungathinta amathambo akho, inhliziyo, imithambo yegazi, namanye amalungu.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi eziningi zalezi zinkinga zingavikeleka noma zihambise kancane ngokwelashwa okufanele. Ukuxilongwa kwasekuqaleni nokuphathwa okuqhubekayo kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho yokuthuthukisa izinkinga ezinzima. Ngisho nabantu abane-primary hyperoxaluria bangaphila impilo egcwele, esebenzayo uma isimo sabo silawulwa kahle.

Ukukhulelwa kungase kube nezinto ezikhethekile kubesifazane abane-hyperoxaluria, njengoba amasonto emshinini ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa adinga ukuphathwa ngokucophelela. Iqembu lakho lezempilo lingasebenza nawe ukuze lenze uhlelo lokwelashwa oluvikelekile olukuvikela wena nombongo wakho.

Kungenzeka kanjani ukuvimbela i-hyperoxaluria?

Nakuba ungakwazi ukuvimbela i-hyperoxaluria yokuqala ngoba ibangelwa izici ze-genetic, ungathatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa ingozi yakho yokuthuthukisa i-hyperoxaluria yesibili nokunciphisa izinkinga ezivela kunoma iyiphi uhlobo lalesi simo. Ukuvimbela kugxile ekuphatheni amazinga e-oxalate nokusekela umsebenzi wezinkulungwane eziphilile.

Isinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu sokuvimbela ukuhlala uthambile usuku lonke. Ukunisela okwanele kuqeda i-oxalate emanzini akho, okwenza kube nzima ukwakha ama-crystal namatshe. Amanzi yilokho okufanele ukukhethe, nakuba ezinye izinto ezincelisayo nazo ziyabala.

Nawa amasu abalulekile okuvimbela ongawaqalisa:

• Phuza amaglasi angu-10-12 amanzi nsuku zonke, noma okwanele ukukhiqiza umchamo ocacile, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
• Dla ukudla okunama-calcium amaningi ngezinye izikhathi ezina-oxalate ukuze usize ukubopha i-oxalate esiswini sakho
• Khawukhawuleli ukudla okunama-oxalate aphezulu njengespinashi, i-rhubarb, amantongomane, ne-chocolate uma usengozini
• Gwema ukusebenzisa i-vitamin C eningi (ngaphezulu kuka-1000mg nsuku zonke)
• Gcina ukudla okuqondile okune-calcium eyanele evela emithonjeni yokudla
• Nciphise ukudla kwe-sodium, okungandisa ukulahleka kwe-calcium emanzini
• Khawukhawuleli amaprotheni ezilwane kubuningi obufanele

Uma unezimo zokugaya ukudla ezandisa ingozi yakho, ukusebenzisana eduze neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuze uphathe lezi zinkinga eziyisisekelo kubalulekile. Ukwelashwa okuqondile kwe-inflammatory bowel disease, isibonelo, kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho yokuthuthukisa i-hyperoxaluria yesibili.

Kubantu abane-hyperoxaluria yokuqala, ukuvimbela kugxile ekuphatheni lesi simo ukuvimbela izinkinga. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukulandela ukwelashwa okubhaliwe ngokuqhubekayo, ukugcina ukulandelela okunjalo kwezokwelapha, nokwenza ukulungiswa kokudla njengoba kunconywe yiqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo.

Ukubhekwa njalo ngokusebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwesisu kungasiza ekutholeni izinguquko ekuqaleni, kuvumela ukulungiswa kokwelashwa ngaphambi kokuba kube khona izinkinga. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma unezingozi noma umlando womndeni wamatye emithanjeni.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-hyperoxaluria kwenziwa kanjani?

Ukuhlolwa kwe-hyperoxaluria kuvame ukuqala ngokuqoqwa kwesisu kwamahora angu-24, lapho uqoqa khona yonke imithambo yakho usuku lonke ukuze udokotela wakho akwazi ukulinganisa ukuthi ukhiqiza kangakanani i-oxalate. Lo vivi unikeza umfanekiso oqondile kakhulu amazinga akho e-oxalate futhi ukusiza ekuqondeni ukuthandazeleka kwesimo sakho.

Udokotela wakho cishe uzofuna ukuqeda ezinye izimbangela zamatye emithanjeni kuqala, njengoba i-hyperoxaluria ingenye nje yezinye izimbangela ezingaba khona. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungahlola umsebenzi wemithambo yakho futhi kubukele ezinye izinkinga zokuguqula okuhlanganiswe ekwakheni amatye.

Inkqubo yokuhlola ivame ukufaka izinyathelo eziningi. Okokuqala, umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzothatha umlando wezokwelapha ophelele, ebuza ngezimpawu zakho, umlando womndeni, ukudla, imithi, nanoma yimaphi amatye emithanjeni adlule. Bazophinde benze ukuhlolwa komzimba ukuze bahlole izimpawu zezinkinga zemithambo noma ezinye izimo ezihlobene.

Ukuhlolwa okuengeziwe kungafaka:

• Izifundo zokubonisa njenge-CT scans noma i-ultrasounds ukuze kubukwe amatye emithanjeni
• Ukuhlaziywa kwamatye uma udlulise amatye, ukuqinisekisa ukuthi enziwe nge-calcium oxalate
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-genetic uma kukhona ukungabaza kwe-primary hyperoxaluria
• Ukuhlolwa kwesisu okuengeziwe ukuze kuqalwe ezinye izinto ezihlanganiswe ekwakheni amatye
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze kuhlolwe umsebenzi wemithambo futhi kubukwe izimo eziyingozi

Uma ukuhlolwa kwesisu kwakho kokuqala kukhombisa amazinga aphezulu e-oxalate, udokotela wakho angafuna ukuphinda ukuhlolwa ukuze aqinisekise imiphumela. Bangase bakucela futhi ukuba ulandele ukudla okune-oxalate ephansi izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kabusha ukuze babone ukuthi ukuguqulwa kokudla kwenza umehluko.

Uma kukhona ukungabaza nge-hyperoxaluria ephambili, ukuhlolwa kwe-genetic kungabonisa izinguquko ezithile ze-genetic ezibangela leli gciwane. Lolu lwazi luyasisiza udokotela wakho ukuba abikezele ukuthi leli gciwane lingathuthuka kanjani futhi akhethe ukwelashwa okuhle kakhulu. Ukuqondisa nge-genetic kungase futhi kunconywe ukukusiza uqonde izimpikiswano zokuhlela umndeni.

Ngezinye izikhathi, kuyadingeka ukuhlolwa okukhethekile okwengeziwe ukuze kubonakale ukuthi yini ebangela i-hyperoxaluria yakho. Lokhu kungafaka ukuhlolwa kokubona ukuthi ama-intestines akho athatha kangakanani i-oxalate noma ukulinganisa umsebenzi welaphe ngobe uma kukhona ukungabaza nge-hyperoxaluria ephambili.

Iyini impilo ye-hyperoxaluria?

Ukwelashwa kwe-hyperoxaluria kuncike ohlotsheni olukhona nokuthi isimo sakho sibunzima kangakanani. Imigomo ephambili ukunciphisa amazinga e-oxalate emanzini akho, ukuvimbela amatshe ekidini, nokuvikela umsebenzi wekidi lakho isikhathi eside.

Nge-hyperoxaluria yesibili, ukwelashwa kuvame ukugxila ekunqobeni imbangela ephambili. Lokhu kungasho ukulungisa ukudla kwakho, ukwelapha izinkinga zokugaya ukudla, noma ukushintsha imithi ebangela amazinga aphezulu e-oxalate. Abantu abaningi babona intuthuko enkulu ngalezi zindlela eziqondiswe.

Nawa amaqhinga aphambili okwelapha iqembu lakho lezinsizakalo zezempilo elingase likuncongele:

• Ukushintsha ukudla ukuze kuncishiswe ukudla kwe-oxalate futhi kuqiniswe ukusetshenziswa kwe-calcium
• Ukusetshenziswa okwandisiwe kwamanzi ukuze kuhlanjululwe amanzi futhi kuvinjelwe ukwakheka kwamatshe
• Imithi efana ne-potassium citrate ukwenza amanzi angabi namatshe kalula
• I-calcium supplements ethathwe ngokudla ukuze ibobe i-oxalate esiswini sakho
• I-Pyridoxine (i-vitamin B6) ngezinhlobo ezithile ze-primary hyperoxaluria
• Ukwelashwa kwezimo zokugaya ukudla eziphambili ezibangela le nkinga

Ekukhweliseni okukhulu kwe-oxalate, ukwelashwa kunzima kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile kudinga ukuphathwa okuphila konke. I-Pyridoxine (i-vitamin B6) ingasebenza kakhulu kwabanye abantu abane-primary hyperoxaluria yohlu lwe-1, ngezinye izikhathi kunciphisa kakhulu ukukhiqizwa kwe-oxalate. Noma kunjalo, akuwona wonke umuntu ophendula kulolu lwelo.

Ezimweni ezinzima ze-primary hyperoxaluria lapho ukusebenza kwesibindi kuya kwehla, ukwelashwa okunamandla kungenzeka kube yilokho okudingekayo. Lokhu kungafaka ukususwa kwegazi ukuze kusizwe ekuqedeni i-oxalate egazini lakho noma, ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, ukutshalwa kwesibindi ukuze kuhlanganiswe ama-enzyme abangela inkinga.

Ukuphathwa okusha kukhonjiswa, kufaka phakathi imithi enganciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-oxalate noma esiza umzimba wakho ukuthi uyikhiphe ngokuphumelelayo. Abanye abantu abane-primary hyperoxaluria bangazuza ekwelapheni okuvivinywayo okutholakala ngezifundo zeklinikhi.

Ukuphumelela kokwelashwa kubalulekile ukusebenzisana eduze neqembu lokunakekelwa kwezempilo elinololu lwazi lokuphatha i-hyperoxaluria. Lokhu ngokuvamile kufaka ochwepheshe bezifo zesibindi, i-genetics, nokudla abangaxhumanisa ukunakekelwa kwakho futhi balungise ukwelashwa njengoba kudingeka.

Indlela yokuphatha i-hyperoxaluria ekhaya?

Ukuphatha i-hyperoxaluria ekhaya kuhilela imikhuba yansuku zonke esiza ekuqondiseni amazinga akho e-oxalate futhi kunciphisa ingozi yezinkinga. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ongayenza ukugcina uketshezi olukhulu usuku lonke, hhayi kuphela uma ukhumbula ukuphuza amanzi.

Qala usuku ngalunye ngokuphuza iglasi elikhulu lamanzi, bese uzama ukuphuza okuthile njalo ngehora uvuka. Umgomo wakho ukukhiqiza okungenani ama-litha angu-2.5 womchamo nsuku zonke, okungokuvamile kusho ukuphuza ama-litha angu-3-4 wezinto ezincelisayo. Umchamo wakho kufanele ube mnyama noma ophuzi olukhanyayo kakhulu isikhathi esiningi.

Nawa amasu okuphatha ekhaya angenza umehluko wangempela:

• Gcina ibhodlela lamanzi nawe bese uzibekela izikhumbuzo zokuphuza njalo
• Dla ukudla okunama-calcium amaningi njengamanye ama-dairy products lapho udlela ukudla okune-oxalate
• Sakaza ukudla kwakho kwe-oxalate kwizindlela eziningi zokudla kunokudla okuningi ngesikhathi esisodwa
• Thatha imithi ephakanyisiwe njalo, kuhle kakhulu ngezikhathi ezifanayo nsuku zonke
• Qapha umbala wensizi yakho njengesiqondiso sokuhlanza
• Gcina idayari yokudla ukuze ubone ukuthi yikuphi ukudla okungase kubangele izimpawu
• Gcina izikhathi zokudla eziqondile ukuze usize ekungeneni kwemithi

Ukuphathwa kokudla akusho ukuthi kufanele ususe konke ukudla okune-oxalate, kodwa kunalokho ufunde ukulibilinganisa ngokuhlakanipha. Uma udlela ukudla okune-oxalate eningi njengamaspinashi noma amantongomane, zama ukuwadla nokudla okunama-calcium amaningi njengachizi noma iyogathi. Lokhu kusiza ekuhlanganiseni i-oxalate ohlelweni lwakho lokugaya ukudla.

Ukwenza umkhuba ngokwelashwa kwakho kusiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuhlala njalo. Uma uthatha imithi, cabanga ngokusebenzisa umhleli wezithombe noma izikhumbuzo zeselula. Gcina ulandelela ukuthi uzizwa kanjani nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ozibonayo, ngoba lolu lwazi lusiza iqembu lakho lokuphatha impilo ukulungisa uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa.

Ukuphathwa kwengcindezi kubalulekile, njengoba ingcindezi ingathinta impilo yakho yonke futhi kwenze kube nzima ukunamathela ohlelweni lwakho lokwelashwa. Ukuzivocavoca njalo, ukulala okwanele, nezinqubo zokuphumula konke kungasekele inhlalakahle yakho yonke ngenkathi uphatha i-hyperoxaluria.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani ukubona udokotela wakho?

Ukulungiselela ukubona udokotela wakho kungakusiza ukuthi uthole okuningi kakhulu ekuhambeleni kwakho futhi kuqinisekise ukuthi iqembu lakho lokuphatha impilo lina lonke ulwazi olulifunayo ukuze likusize. Qala ngokubhala izimpawu zakho, kufaka phakathi ukuthi zenzeka nini nokuthi yini ebonakala iyabangela.

Letha uhlu oluphelele lwazo zonke izidakamizwa, izongezelelo, namavithamini owathathayo, kuhlanganise nezinani eziqondile nokuthi uzithatha kangakanani. Ngisho nezidakamizwa ezingaphezu kokuthengiswa ngaphandle kokubhalwa komtholampilo kanye nezongezelelo zemifino kungabalulekile, njengoba ezinye zingathinta amazinga e-oxalate noma ukusebenza kwesibindi.

Nanku okumele ukulungiselele ngaphambi kokubonisana kwakho:

• Idayari eningiliziwe yezimpawu ephawula amazinga ebuhlungu, isikhathi, nanoma yiziphi izici ozibonile
• Uhlu oluphelele lwezidakamizwa nezongezelelo ngezinga kanye nokuphindaphinda
• Umbhalo womlando wakho wezokwelapha womndeni, ikakhulu noma yiziphi izinkinga zesibindi noma isifo samatshe
• Imiphumela yezivivinyo zangaphambili noma ukwelashwa okwenzile
• Uhlu lwemibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza ngesikhathi sokuvakasha kwakho
• Ulwazi mayelana nokudla kwakho okuvamile nokungenisa amanzi
• Noma yimaphi amatshe owawadlulise, uma kungenzeka

Cabanga ukuthi ugcine idayari yokudla namanzi isikhathi esingaphambi kokubonisana kwakho. Lokhu kunikeza udokotela wakho ulwazi oluyigugu mayelana nemikhuba yakho yokudla futhi kungasiza ekutholeni izici ezingase zibe nomthelela esimweni sakho.

Bhala imibuzo yakho kusengaphambili, njengoba kulula ukukhohlwa izinto ezibalulekile ofuna ukuzibuza ngesikhathi sokubonisana. Imibuzo evamile ingase ihlanganise ukubuza ngokunciphisa ukudla, ukuqonda imiphumela yezivivinyo zakho, noma ukufunda ngokubuka kwesikhathi eside sesimo sakho.

Uma ubona uchwepheshe okokuqala, cela udokotela wakho oyinhloko ukuthi athumele amarekhodi akho ezempilo ngaphambi kwesikhathi. Lokhu kusiza ochwepheshe ukuthi baqonde umlando wakho wezokwelapha futhi kungenza ukubonisana kwakho kube nomphumela.

Cabanga ukuletha ilungu lomndeni noma umngani emihlanganweni ebalulekile, ikakhulu uma uthola ulwazi oluyinkimbinkimbi mayelana nezinketho zokwelapha. Bangakusiza ukuba ukhumbule imininingwane ebalulekile futhi banikeze ukwesekwa ngokomzwelo ngesikhathi sokuvakasha kwakho.

Iyini into ebalulekile mayelana ne-hyperoxaluria?

I-Hyperoxaluria iyimo eliphatheka kalula, ngisho noma lidinga ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo nokuguqulwa kwesitayela sokuphila. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukuqonda ukuthi ngokwelashwa okuqondile nokunakekela kwakho, abantu abaningi abane-hyperoxaluria bangavimbela izinkinga ezingathi sína futhi bagcine ikhwalithi enhle yokuphila.

Ukuxilongwa kwasekuqaleni nokuphathwa okuqhubekayo kwenza umehluko omkhulu emiphumeleni. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi unaleli fomu le-genetic noma i-hyperoxaluria yesibili, ukusebenzisana eduze neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo nokulandela uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yamatshe ekidini futhi kuvikele umsebenzi wakho wezinkidini ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Khumbula ukuthi i-hyperoxaluria ibathinta abantu ngezindlela ezahlukene. Abanye abantu badinga ukuguqulwa kokudla nokukhuluphala kokufaka amanzi, kanti abanye badinga imithi noma ukwelashwa okukhulu. Uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa oluqondile luzokwenziwa ngokwezinhlobo zakho ze-hyperoxaluria nokuthi umzimba wakho uyaphendula kanjani ezindleleni ezahlukene.

Ukuhlala uqine ngokulandela uhlelo lwakho lokuphatha, ukuhlala unamanzi, nokugcina ukuxhumana okuqhubekayo neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Nalezi zisekelo zimi, ungalawola isimo sakho futhi ugxile ekuphileni impilo yakho ngokugcwele ngenkathi uphatha i-hyperoxaluria ngokuphumelelayo.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana ne-hyperoxaluria

Ingakwelashwa ngokuphelele yini i-hyperoxaluria?

I-hyperoxaluria eyinhloko ayikwazi ukwelashwa ngokuphelele ngoba ibangelwa yizinguquko ze-genetic, kodwa ingaphathwa kahle ngokwelashwa okuqondile. I-hyperoxaluria yesibili ngezinye izikhathi ingaxazululwa ngokubhekana nesizathu sayo esiyinhloko, njengokuguqula ukudla noma ukwelapha izinkinga zokugaya. Ngisho nange-hyperoxaluria eyinhloko, abantu abaningi baphila impilo evamile ngokuphathwa okuqondile.

Ingabe i-hyperoxaluria iyefa?

I-hyperoxaluria ephambili izuzwe ngendlela ehambisanayo ye-autosomal, okusho ukuthi udinga ukuzuza ukuguqulwa kwezakhiwo ze-genetic kubazali bobabili ukuze uthole le simo. Uma bobabili abazali bephethe ukuguqulwa kwe-gene, umntwana ngamunye unethuba lika-25% lokuba nale simo. I-hyperoxaluria yesibili ayizuzwanga kodwa ithuthukiswa izinto ezifana nokudla noma izimo zezokwelapha.

Kufanele ngigweme ukudla luni nge-hyperoxaluria?

Awudingi ukuqeda ngokuphelele ukudla okuqukethe i-oxalate, kodwa kufanele ubeke umkhawulo ekudleni okuphezulu kwe-oxalate njengespinashi, i-rhubarb, amabeet, amantongomane, i-chocolate, netiye. Okubalulekile ukudla lezi zinto ngokulinganisela nokuzihlanganisa nokudla okunama-calcium amaningi. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo noma umtapo wezondlo angakusiza ukuba udale uhlelo lokudla olufanelekile olusebenza esimweni sakho.

Kufanele ngiphuze amanzi amaningi kangakanani nsuku zonke nge-hyperoxaluria?

Abantu abaningi abane-hyperoxaluria kufanele bafune ukuphuza amanzi anele ukuze bakhiqize okungenani ama-litha angu-2.5 omshiso nsuku zonke, okungavamile ukusho ukuthi badla ama-litha angu-3-4 wamanzi. Umshiso wakho kufanele ube mncane noma ube mnyama obomvu kakhulu isikhathi esiningi. Udokotela wakho angakuncoma imigomo ethile yamanzi ngokuya ngezidingo zakho zomuntu siqu nesimo sezulu.

Ingabe ukukhulelwa kungathinta i-hyperoxaluria?

Ukukhulelwa kungandisa ingozi yokwakheka kwama-kidney stone ngenxa yokuguquka kwezinga le-hormone nokusebenza kwamakidney. Abafazi abane-hyperoxaluria badinga ukulandelelwa ngokucophelela ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, futhi izinhlelo zokwelashwa zingadinga ukulungiswa. Abesifazane abaningi abaphathwa kahle i-hyperoxaluria bangaba nokukhulelwa okuhle ngokulawulwa okufanele kwezokwelapha kulo lonke isikhathi.