Ukuqina Kwe-Thyroid: Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

Ukuqina kwe-thyroid kwenzeka lapho i-gland yakho ye-thyroid ikhiqiza i-hormone ye-thyroid eningi kakhulu, okubangela ukuba izinqubo zomzimba wakho zikhuphuke kakhulu. Cabanga nge-thyroid yakho njengesiqhubi somzimba wakho – uma isebenza ngokweqile, konke kusuka ezingeni lenhliziyo yakho kuya ekusebenzeni kwakho komzimba kuya ngokushesha.

Le gland enesimo sebhatafula ehlombe lakho ivame ukusiza ekulawuleni ukuthi umzimba wakho usebenzisa amandla ngokushesha kangakanani. Uma iqala ukusebenza ngokweqile, ungase uzizwe njengokungathi uqhubeka ugijima ngesivinini esiphezulu, ngisho noma uzama ukuphumula.

Ziyini izimpawu zokuqina kwe-thyroid?

Izimpawu zokuqina kwe-thyroid zivame ukuvela kancane kancane, okusho ukuthi ungase ungaziboni ngokushesha. Umzimba wakho uzokunika izibonakaliso eziningi zokuthi kukhona okuye kwashintsha ngendlela i-thyroid yakho esebenza ngayo.

Nazi izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ongazihlangabezana nazo:

• Ukushona kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okungajwayelekile okubenza uzizwe sengathi inhliziyo yakho iqhubeka igijima
• Ukwehliswa kwesisindo ngaphandle kokuzikhandla, naphezu kokudla ngokujwayelekile noma ngaphezulu kwesijwayelekile
• Ukukhula kwesifiso sokudla okubonakala kungenakwaneliseka
• Ukukhathazeka, ukukhathazeka, noma ukuzizwa uthukuthele ngokungajwayelekile
• Izandla noma iminwe ezamazama ngisho noma ukhona
• Ukubila okukhulu kunokujwayelekile, ikakhulukazi lapho abanye bezwa bekhululekile
• Ukushintsha kwesikhathi sakho sokuya esikhathini, izikhathi ezilula noma ezincane kakhulu
• Ubunzima bokuthola ubuthongo noma ukuhlala ulele ubusuku bonke
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha, ikakhulukazi ezingalweni zakho eziphezulu nasemadolweni
• Ukuya esikhathini esivame kakhulu kunokujwayelekile

Abanye abantu nabo bayaphawula ukuthi amehlo abo abonakala ekhulu noma behlangabezana nezinguquko zobona. Ungase uzizwe ukhathele naphezu kokuba nobunzima bokuthola ubuthongo, okungase kube yinto ecasulayo.

Kwezinye izimo ezingavamile, ungase uthuthukise isimo esibi esibizwa ngokuthi yi-thyroid storm, lapho izimpawu ziqina khona futhi zibe yingozi eyingozi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukushisa okuphezulu kakhulu, ukushona kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, nokudideka okudinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Yini ebangela ukuqina kwe-thyroid?

Izimo eziningi zingabangela i-thyroid yakho ukuba ikhiqize i-hormone eningi kakhulu. Imbangela evamile kakhulu yisimo se-autoimmune esibizwa ngokuthi yi-Graves' disease, esithinta cishe u-70% lwabantu abane-hyperthyroidism.

Nazi izimbangela eziyinhloko okufanele uzibhekane nazo:

• I-Graves' disease - uhlelo lwakho lokulwa nezifo luhlasela i-thyroid yakho ngephutha, okubangela ukuba ikhiqize ama-hormone amaningi kakhulu
• I-Toxic nodular goiter - i-lump noma ngaphezulu kwe-thyroid yakho ziqala ukusebenza ngokweqile
• I-Thyroiditis - ukuvuvukala kwe-thyroid yakho okubangela ukuba ama-hormone agcinwe aphume
• Ukusebenzisa imithi ye-thyroid eningi kakhulu uma usuvele uqeqeshwe nge-hypothyroidism
• Ukusebenzisa i-iodine eningi kakhulu nge-supplements noma imithi ethile

I-Graves' disease ivame ukubaleka emindenini futhi ithinta abesifazane kakhulu kunamadoda. I-trigger eqondile ayicaci ngaso sonke isikhathi, kodwa ukucindezeleka, ukukhulelwa, noma ukutheleleka kungase kudlale indima kwezinye izimo.

Ngokungavamile, izinkinga ze-pituitary gland noma imithi ethile ehlanganisa i-iodine nayo ingabangela ukuqina kwe-thyroid. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthola ukuthi iyiphi imbangela efanele isimo sakho esithile.

Nini okufanele ubheke udokotela ngokuqina kwe-thyroid?

Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu eziningi eziphakamisa ukuthi ukusebenza komzimba wakho kuye kwanda kakhulu. Ukuxilongwa kwasekuqaleni nokuphathwa kungavimbela izinkinga futhi kukusize uzizwe ukhulu ngokushesha.

Hlela i-appointment uma uqaphela izimpawu eziqhubekayo njengokulahleka kwesisindo okungachazeki, ukushona kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, noma ukukhathazeka okungajwayelekile okuhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto ambalwa. Lezi zinguquko emzimbeni wakho zifanele ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha, ikakhulu uma zithinta impilo yakho yansuku zonke.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uthuthukisa izimpawu ezinkulu njengokushisa okuphezulu kakhulu, ukushona kwenhliziyo okusheshayo ngaphezu kwe-140 beats ngomzuzu, ukudideka, noma ukugabha. Lokhu kungase kubonise i-thyroid storm, edinga ukwelashwa okusheshayo.

Ungalindi uma usuvele uqeqeshwe ngesimo se-thyroid futhi izimpawu zakho ziqine ngokuzumayo. Imithi yakho ingase idinge ukulungiswa, noma ungase ube uthuthukisa izinkinga ezidinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha.

Ziyini izimbangela zengozi zokuqina kwe-thyroid?

Izici ezithile zingandisa amathuba akho okuthuthukisa ukuqina kwe-thyroid, nakuba ukuba nezici zengozi akusho ukuthi uzophumelela lesi simo. Ukuqonda lezi zici kungakusiza uhlale uqaphele izimpawu ezingase zivele.

Izici eziyinhloko zengozi zihlanganisa:

• Ukuba owesifazane - abesifazane banethuba elingu-5 kuya ku-10 elingaphezulu lokuthuthukisa ukuqina kwe-thyroid kunamadoda
• Ukuba nomlando womndeni wesifo se-thyroid, ikakhulukazi i-Graves' disease
• Ukuba ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-60, lapho izinkinga ze-thyroid ziqala ukuba khona kakhulu
• Ukuba nezinye izimo ze-autoimmune njenge-type 1 diabetes noma i-rheumatoid arthritis
• Ukuhlangabezana amazinga aphezulu wokucindezeleka noma izinguquko ezinkulu zokuphila
• Ukusebenzisa imithi eningi ye-iodine noma i-iodine supplements
• Ukukhulelwa noma ukuba usuvele ubelethe

Ukubhema nako kungandisa ingozi yakho, ikakhulukazi ngokuqina kwe-Graves' disease nezinye izinkinga zamehlo ezihambisana nokuqina kwe-thyroid. Uma ubhema futhi unezinye izici zengozi, ukuxoxa lokhu nodokotela wakho kubaluleke kakhulu.

Ukuba nezici zengozi kusho nje ukuthi kufanele uqaphele izimpawu futhi ugcine ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile nodokotela wakho. Abantu abaningi abanezici zengozi abazithuthukisi ukuqina kwe-thyroid.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zivele ngokuqina kwe-thyroid?

Uma kungaphathwa, ukuqina kwe-thyroid kungabangela izinkinga ezinkulu zezempilo ezithinta izingxenye eziningi zomzimba wakho. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ukwelashwa okuqondile kungavimbela izinkinga eziningi ezingase zivele.

Nazi izinkinga ezingase zivele:

• Izinkinga zenhliziyo ezihlanganisa izindlela ezingajwayelekile, ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, noma isifo sohlangothi
• Amathambo abuthakathaka (osteoporosis) ngenxa yokulahleka kwe-calcium
• Izinkinga zamehlo ezihlanganisa ukukhuluphuka, ukubona okubili, noma ukulahleka kobona
• Ukushintsha kwesikhumba njengokubila nokuvuvukala, ikakhulukazi ezinyaweni zakho
• I-Thyroid storm - isimo esiyingozi eyingozi esinezimpawu ezinkulu
• Izinkinga zokuzala noma izinkinga ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa

Izinkinga zenhliziyo zifanele ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ngoba inhliziyo yakho isebenza kakhulu lapho ama-hormone e-thyroid ekhuphukile. Ngemuva kwesikhathi, lo msebenzi owengeziwe ungabuthakathaka umisipha wenhliziyo yakho noma uqalise izinkinga ezingozi zendlela.

Izinkinga ezihlobene nokukhulelwa zingase zihlanganise ukuzalwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi, isisindo esincane sokuzalwa, noma i-preeclampsia. Uma ukhulelwe noma uhlela ukukhulelwa, ukusebenzisana eduze neqembu lakho lezempilo kubalulekile.

Izindaba ezikhuthazayo ukuthi lezi zinkinga zivimbeka kakhulu ngokuxilongwa okuqondile nokuphathwa. Abantu abaningi abaphathwa kahle ukuqina kwe-thyroid baphila impilo evamile, enempilo.

Ukuqina kwe-thyroid kungavikeleka kanjani?

Ngeshwa, izimo eziningi zokuqina kwe-thyroid azikwazi ukunqatshelwa ngoba zivela ezimweni ze-autoimmune noma ezici ze-genetic ongenakuzilawula. Noma kunjalo, ungathatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa ingozi yakho nokuthola izinkinga ngokushesha.

Uma unezici zengozi njengomlando womndeni, hlela ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile nodokotela wakho. Ukuxilongwa kwasekuqaleni kuvumela ukwelashwa okusheshayo ngaphambi kokuba izinkinga zivele.

Qaphela i-iodine supplements nezinye imithi ehlanganisa amazinga aphezulu e-iodine, ikakhulu uma une-thyroid nodules. I-iodine eningi kakhulu ingaqala ukuqina kwe-thyroid kubantu abathintekayo.

Ukulawula ukucindezeleka ngezindlela zokwelapha ezempilo kungasiza ekuqedeni ingozi yakho, ngoba ukucindezeleka okukhulu ngezinye izikhathi kungaqala izinkinga ze-thyroid kubantu abathintekayo. Ukuzivocavoca okujwayelekile, ubuthongo obunempilo, nezinye izindlela zokulawula ukucindezeleka zisekela impilo yonke.

Uma ubhema, ukuyeka kunganciphisa ingozi yakho yokuqina kwe-Graves' disease nezinye izinkinga zamehlo. Udokotela wakho angakunikeza izinsiza zokusiza uqede ngempumelelo.

Ukuqina kwe-thyroid kuxilongwa kanjani?

Ukuxilongwa kokuthi ukuqina kwe-thyroid kuvame ukuqala ngokuxoxa ngezimpawu zakho nomlando wakho wezokwelapha nodokotela wakho. Bazofuna ukwazi nganoma yimiphi imilandu yomndeni yezinkinga ze-thyroid nezinye imithi oyisebenzisayo.

Udokotela wakho uzokwenza ukuhlolwa komzimba, ahlole i-thyroid gland yakho ngokukhulu, izinga lenhliziyo yakho, ukucindezeleka kwegazi, futhi abukele ezinye izibonakaliso njenge-tremors noma ukushintsha kwamehlo. Bangase futhi bahlole izimpendulo zakho, ezivame ukuba khona kakhulu ngokuqina kwe-thyroid.

Izivivinyo zegazi zinikeza ulwazi olubaluleke kakhulu ngokuxilongwa. Udokotela wakho uzohlola izinga lakho le-thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), eliba liphansi kakhulu lapho i-thyroid yakho isebenza ngokweqile. Bazophinde bale ukulinganisa ama-hormone e-thyroid (T3 ne-T4).

Izivivinyo ezengeziwe zingase zihlanganise izivivinyo ze-thyroid antibody ukuhlola i-Graves' disease, noma izifundo zokubonisa njengokuhlola i-thyroid ukubona ukuthi i-thyroid yakho isebenza kanjani. Lezi zivivinyo zisiza ekutholeni imbangela ethile yokuqina kwe-thyroid yakho.

Yonke inqubo yokuxilongwa ivame ukuthatha izinsuku ezimbalwa kuphela ukuze iqede uma isebenzi legazi selenziwe. Udokotela wakho uzokucacisela ukuthi yini ngayinye eboniswa yi-test nokuthi ihlangene kanjani nezimpawu zakho.

Yikuphi ukwelashwa kokuthi ukuqina kwe-thyroid?

Ukwelashwa kokuthi ukuqina kwe-thyroid kugqamele ekuqedeni inani le-hormone ye-thyroid umzimba wakho okhiqizayo nokulawula izimpawu zakho. Udokotela wakho uzokuncoma indlela engcono kakhulu ngokususelwa ebudeni bakho, imbangela yokuqina kwe-thyroid yakho, nempilo yakho yonke.

Izindlela eziyinhloko zokwelapha zihlanganisa:

• Imithi ye-anti-thyroid evikela i-thyroid yakho ekwenzeni ama-hormone
• Ukwelashwa kwe-radioactive iodine okuqeda inyama ye-thyroid esebenza ngokweqile
• I-Beta-blockers ukulawula izinga lenhliziyo nokuqeda izimpawu njenge-tremors
• Ukuhlinzwa ukususa ingxenye noma yonke i-thyroid gland yakho

Imithi ye-anti-thyroid njenge-methimazole isebenza kahle kubantu abaningi futhi ngezinye izikhathi ingabangela ukubuyela esimweni esijwayelekile isikhathi eside. Uzodinga ukuhlolwa kwegazi okujwayelekile ukuze uqaphele intuthuko yakho futhi ulungise ukulinganisa.

Ukwelashwa kwe-radioactive iodine kuvame ukuba nomphumela omuhle kakhulu kodwa ngokuvamile kwenza i-thyroid yakho ibe buthakathaka unomphela. Lokhu kusho ukuthi uzodinga ukusebenzisa imithi yokushintsha i-hormone ye-thyroid impilo yakho yonke, kodwa abantu abaningi bakhetha le ndlela eqondakalayo.

Ukuhlinzwa kungase kunconywe uma une-goiter enkulu, awukwazi ukubekezelela imithi, noma ukhetha ukwelashwa okuqinile. Udokotela wakho uzoxoxa ukuthi udinga ukususa ingxenye noma yonke i-thyroid ngokususelwa esimweni sakho esithile.

Indlela yokuphatha ukuqina kwe-thyroid ekhaya?

Nakuba ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kubalulekile, izindlela eziningi zasekhaya zingakusiza uzizwe ukhulu futhi usekele ukubuyela kwakho. Lezi zindlela zisebenza kangcono kanye nemithi yakho eyalwe, hhayi njengokushintsha.

Gxilisa ukudla ukudla okulinganiselayo okune-calories eyanele ngoba ukuqina kwe-thyroid kukhuphula ukusebenza komzimba wakho kakhulu. Ungase udinga ukudla okuningi kunokujwayelekile ukuze ugcine isisindo sakho ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.

Faka ukudla okunama-calcium amaningi njengemikhiqizo yobisi, imifino eluhlaza, nokudla okunamandla ukuze uvikele impilo yamathambo akho. Udokotela wakho angase futhi akuncome i-calcium ne-vitamin D supplements.

Limita i-caffeine kusuka ekhofini, itiye, neziphuzo zamandla ngoba ingenza izimpawu njengokushona kwenhliziyo okusheshayo nokukhathazeka zibe zimbi. Hlala uthambile, ikakhulukazi uma ubila kakhulu kunokujwayelekile.

Sebenzisa izindlela zokulawula ukucindezeleka njengokuphefumula okujulile, ukucamngca, noma i-yoga ebushelelezi. Amazinga aphezulu wokucindezeleka angenza izimpawu zokuqina kwe-thyroid zibe zimbi futhi angase ahlanganise nomphumela wokwelashwa.

Thola ukuphumula okwanele ngisho noma ukuthola ubuthongo kungase kube inselele. Dala indawo yokuphumula ezolile, ezolile futhi uqalise umkhuba wokulala ojwayelekile ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokuphumula.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-appointment yakho nodokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-appointment yakho kusiza uqinisekise ukuthi uthola ukuxilongwa okuchane kakhulu nesiqondiso sokwelapha esifanele. Udokotela wakho udinga ulwazi oluthile ngezimpawu zakho nomlando wakho wezempilo.

Bhala zonke izimpawu zakho, kuhlanganise nokuthi zaqala nini nokuthi zishintshe kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Qaphela noma yiziphi izibonelo, njengokuthi izimpawu zimbi ngezikhathi ezithile zosuku noma ezimweni ezithile.

Letha uhlu oluphelele lwazo zonke imithi, i-supplements, ne-vitamins oyisebenzisayo. Faka imikhiqizo yokuthengwa ngaphandle komthetho nanoma yiziphi izinguquko zakamuva emithini yakho.

Lungisa imibuzo ngesimo sakho, izindlela zokwelapha, nokuthi yini okulindelekile. Unganqikazi ukubuza ngezinye izingozi, izinguquko zendlela yokuphila, noma ukuthi ukwelashwa kungase kuthinte kanjani imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke.

Cabanga ngokuletha ilungu lomndeni noma umngani ozokusiza ukukhumbula ulwazi olubalulekile oluxoxwe ngesikhathi se-appointment. Bangase futhi banikeze ukwesekwa uma uzizwa ukhathazekile ngokuxilongwa kwakho.

Iyini into ebaluleke kakhulu ngokuqina kwe-thyroid?

Ukuqina kwe-thyroid yisimo esilawuleka esiphendula kahle ekwelapheni okuqondile uma kuxilongwe ngokushesha. Nakuba izimpawu zingase zizizwe zicasulayo, ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kukhona ukukusiza ubuyisele ukulawula impilo yakho.

Isinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu ukuqaphela izimpawu nokufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kuvimbela izinkinga futhi kukusiza uzizwe ukhulu ngokushesha kakhulu kunokulinda nokuthemba ukuthi izimpawu ziyothuthuka zodwa.

Ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okuqondile, abantu abaningi abane-hyperthyroidism bangalindela ukubuyela emisebenzini evamile futhi bagcine impilo enhle. I-treatment plan yakho ingase idinge ukulungiswa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, kodwa ukuhlala uxhumana neqembu lakho lezempilo kuqinisekisa imiphumela emihle kakhulu.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuphatha ukuqina kwe-thyroid yilona ubudlelwane phakathi kwakho neqembu lakho lezokwelapha. Ukulandela i-treatment plan yakho, ukuya ekuhlolweni okujwayelekile, nokuxoxa nganoma yiziphi izinkinga kuqinisekisa impumelelo yesikhathi eside.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa ngokuqina kwe-thyroid

Ingabe ukuqina kwe-thyroid kungase kuphele ngokwalo?

Ukuqina kwe-thyroid akunqamuki ngaphandle kokwelashwa, futhi ukulinda kungabangela izinkinga ezinkulu njengezinkinga zenhliziyo noma ukulahleka kwamathambo. Ezinye izimo ezilula ze-thyroiditis zingase zithuthuke okwesikhashana, kodwa izimbangela eziningi zokuqina kwe-thyroid zidinga ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha. Ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kuvimbela izinkinga futhi kukusiza uzizwe ukhulu ngokushesha kakhulu kunokuthemba ukuthuthuka okungalindelekile.

Ngizokhuphuka isisindo ngemva kokwelashwa kokuthi ukuqina kwe-thyroid?

Abantu abaningi bakhuphuka isisindo ngemva kokuba ukwelashwa kuqale ngoba ukusebenza komzimba wabo kubuyela esivinini esijwayelekile. Lokhu kukhuphuka kwesisindo kuvame ukuba kancane futhi kulawuleka ngezindlela zokudla ezempilo nokuzivocavoca okujwayelekile. Udokotela wakho angakusiza uthuthukise uhlelo lokuhlala unesisindo esinempilo njengoba ukusebenza kwe-thyroid yakho kuqala ukulingana.

Ngingakhulelwa yini uma ngine-hyperthyroidism?

Yebo, ungakhulelwa uma une-hyperthyroidism, kodwa kubalulekile ukusebenzisana eduze neqembu lakho lezempilo. Ukuqina kwe-thyroid okungalawulwa kungase kuthinte ukukhulelwa nemiphumela yokukhulelwa, kodwa ukwelashwa okuqondile kunciphisa kakhulu lezi zingozi. Udokotela wakho uzolungisa imithi yakho ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi iphephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa futhi akuqaphele eduze kulo lonke isikhathi.

Ukwelashwa kokuthi ukuqina kwe-thyroid kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukusebenza?

Imithi ye-anti-thyroid ivame ukuqala ukusebenza phakathi kwamasonto ambalwa, kodwa kungathatha izinyanga ezingu-2-3 ukuze ubone ukuthuthuka okuphelele kwezimpawu. I-Beta-blockers ingasiza ekulawuleni izinga lenhliziyo ne-tremors phakathi kwezinsuku. Ukwelashwa kwe-radioactive iodine kungathatha izinyanga eziningi ukuze kufinyelele umphumela ophelele, futhi abanye abantu badinga ukwelashwa okuphindaphindwayo.

Ingabe ukuqina kwe-thyroid kuyafa?

Kukhona ingxenye ye-genetic ekuqineni kwe-thyroid, ikakhulukazi i-Graves' disease, evame ukubaleka emindenini. Noma kunjalo, ukuba nomlando womndeni akusho ukuthi uzophumelela lesi simo. Uma unezihlobo ezinezinkinga ze-thyroid, xoxa lokhu nodokotela wakho ukuze bakuqaphele ngokufanele futhi baqaphele izimpawu ngokushesha uma zivele.