Kaposi Sarcoma

I-Kaposi sarcoma uhlobo lolwempilo oluqala ekuqaleni kwezitho zegazi nezinsimbi ze-lymph. Ulukhuni lwakha ukukhula kwamaselula, okuthiwa ama-lesion, olusolwini. Ama-lesion avame ukwakha ebusweni, ezingalweni nasemiileni. Ama-lesion angase abonakale ebomvu, elipinki, elibomvu okwesibhakabhaka noma elibomvu okwesundu.

Ama-lesion angabonakala nasezithombeni zesini noma emlonyeni. Ku-Kaposi sarcoma ebuhlungu kakhulu, ama-lesion angaba esiswini nasemiphungeni.

Imbangela ye-Kaposi sarcoma ukutheleleka yi-virus yabantu ye-herpes virus 8, ebizwa nangokuthi i-HHV-8. Kubantu abaphilile, le ntheleleko ngokuvamile ayibangeli zimpawu ngoba uhlelo lokulwa nezifo luyigcina ilawulwa. Kodwa-ke, kumuntu onohlelo lokulwa nezifo olubuthakathaka, i-HHV-8 ingabangela i-Kaposi sarcoma.

Izinhlobo ze-Kaposi sarcoma zihlanganisa:

• I-Kaposi sarcoma ehlobene ne-AIDS noma i-epidemic Kaposi sarcoma. Lolu hlobo luvela kubantu abathelelekile yi-human immunodeficiency virus, ebizwa nangokuthi i-HIV. I-HIV iwumkhuhlane obangela i-AIDS.
• I-Kaposi sarcoma ehlobene nokuhlinzwa noma i-iatrogenic Kaposi sarcoma. Lolu hlobo luvela kubantu abasebenzisa imithi ukuze bawulawule uhlelo lokulwa nezifo ngemuva kokufakelwa ilungu lomzimba.
• I-Classic Kaposi sarcoma. Lolu hlobo luvela kubantu abadala baseMpumalanga Yurophu, eMedithera neMpumalanga Ephakathi. Ngokuvamile lukhula kancane futhi lungabangela ukukhula kwezindawo ezinjengezinyawo.
• I-Endemic Kaposi sarcoma. Lolu hlobo lulimaza intsha e-Afrika. Lungakhula kancane oluswini noma ngokushesha emzimbeni.

Izimpawu nezimpawu ze-Kaposi sarcoma zifaka:

• Ukukhula kwesikhumba okungase kube phezulu noma kuqhelelene.
• Ukukhula kwesikhumba okubonakala kubomvu, oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma oluhlaza okwesundu.

Ukukhula, okubizwa ngokuthi ama-lesion, kuvame kakhulu ebusweni, ezingalweni noma emilenzeni. Ngokuvamile awubangeli ubuhlungu.

Uma i-Kaposi sarcoma ingaphathwa, ama-lesion angakhula. Angabangela:

• Ukukhula kwamagxolo ngenxa yezinkinga zokuhamba kwegazi.
• Ama-lymph nodes amakhulu.
• Isikhumba esibonakala sibomvu noma oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka futhi singase sibe buhlungu futhi sibe nomkhuhlane.

I-Kaposi sarcoma ingathinta namazinga ongawaboni. Ingakhula emgqeni wokugaya ukudla noma emaphashini. Uma i-Kaposi sarcoma iyenzeka emgqeni wokugaya ukudla, izimpawu zingafaka:

• Ukuhlanza.
• Ukuphefumula.
• Ubuhlungu besisu.
• Ukugabha.
• Ukulahlekelwa isisindo.

Yenza i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela noma omunye ochwepheshe wezempilo uma unezimpawu ezikukhathazayo.

I-human herpes virus 8 iyimbangela ye-Kaposi sarcoma. Abasebenzi bezempilo bakholelwa ukuthi leli vithasi, elibizwa nangokuthi yi-HHV-8, lidluliselwa komunye umuntu ngomlomo. Lingadluliselwa futhi ngegazi.

Uma umuntu ophilile ethola i-HHV-8 virus, uhlelo lwakhe lokukhulula luzolilawula. I-virus ingase ihlale emzimbeni, kodwa ayibangeli zinkinga. Uma kukhona okwenzeka okuqeda amandla ohlelo lokukhulula, i-virus ingase ingalawuleki. Lokhu kungabangela i-Kaposi sarcoma.

Izimbangela ezingozi ze-Kaposi sarcoma zifaka phakathi:

• Ukutheleleka yi-HIV. I-HIV iwumkhuhlane obangela i-AIDS.
• Ubudala obukhulu. I-Kaposi sarcoma ingahle ibe khona kunoma iyiphi iminyaka. Ivame kakhulu kubantu abadala abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-50 kuya kwengu-70.
• Ukuhlala ezingxenyeni ezithile zomhlaba. I-Kaposi sarcoma iyindlala e-United States. Ivame kakhulu e-Mediterranean, eMpumalanga Yurophu nase-Afrika eseningizimu kweSahara.
• Imithi ehlupha isimiso somzimba. Ezinye izimo zitholwa ngemithi yokulawula isimiso somzimba. Imithi esebenza ngale ndlela ivame ukusetshenziswa ngemuva kokuthatha uqalo lwesisu.

Uchwepheshe wezempilo angase acebise ukususa ingxenye encane yomkhuhlane wesikhumba ukuze kuhlolwe. Le nqubo ibizwa ngokuthi i-biopsy yesikhumba. Isibonelo sithunyelwa elabhoratri ukuze kuhlolwe. Izivivinyo zelebhu zingabuka izimpawu zomdlavuza.

I-biopsy yesikhumba ingaqinisekisa i-Kaposi sarcoma.

Kungenzeka ukuthi kudingeka ezinye izivivinyo ukuze kufunwe i-Kaposi sarcoma emaphashini noma esiswini.

Izivivinyo zokuthola i-Kaposi sarcoma esiswini zingafaka:

• Uvivinyo lwegazi elifihliweyo emathunjini. Lo mvivinyo uthola igazi elifihliweyo emathunjini. Uma lubonisa igazi elifihliweyo, kungenzeka ukuthi kudingeka ezinye izivivinyo ukuze kutholakale umthombo. Ezinye izivivinyo zihlanganisa i-endoscopy noma i-colonoscopy. Lezi zivivinyo zisetshenziswa ukubona ukuthi i-Kaposi sarcoma iyimbangela yokuphuza igazi.
• I-Endoscopy. Kulo mvivinyo, ithyube elincane, elibizwa nge-endoscope, lidluliselwa emlonyeni. Ivumela uchwepheshe wezempilo ukubuka isophagus, isisu kanye nezingxenye zokuqala zesisu esincane.
• I-Colonoscopy. Kulo mvivinyo, ithyube elincane elibizwa nge-colonoscope liya ngesigxobo liye emathunjini. Ivumela uchwepheshe wezempilo ukubuka izindonga zalezi zitho.
• I-CT scan. Lo mvivinyo wokuthola izithombe usebenzisa ama-X-ray ukwenza izithombe ezinemininingwane yangaphakathi komzimba. I-CT yesisu ne-pelvis ingabonisa isisu.

Izivivinyo zokuthola i-Kaposi sarcoma emaphashini zingafaka:

• I-X-ray yesifuba. I-X-ray yesifuba ingabonisa into engavamile emaphashini. Uma kunjalo, i-CT scan yesifuba noma i-bronchoscopy ingase isetshenziswe ukubona ukuthi ubufakazi obungavamile yi-Kaposi sarcoma.
• I-CT scan. Lo mvivinyo wokuthola izithombe usebenzisa ama-X-ray ukwenza izithombe ezinemininingwane yangaphakathi komzimba. I-CT scan yesifuba ingabonisa amaphashi.
• I-Bronchoscopy. Kulo mvivinyo, ithyube elincane elibizwa nge-bronchoscope liyadlula ekhaleni noma emlonyeni liye emaphashini. Lokhu kuvumela ukubuka ukugqoka komzila womoya nokuthatha amasampula ethishu lamaphashi.

Asikho ukwelashwa kwe-Kaposi sarcoma. Kodwa kunezindlela eziningi zokwelapha ezingasiza ukuyilawula. Abanye abantu bangase bangadingi ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Esikhundleni salokho, isimo singahlolwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi alibi kakhulu. Ukwelashwa kuncike ku:

• Uhlobo lwe-Kaposi sarcoma.
• Inani le-lesions nokuthi zikuphi.
• Imiphumela ye-lesions, njengokubangela ubuhlungu noma ukuvimba ukudla noma ukuphefumula.
• Impilo yakho jikelele.

Ngenxa yezidakamizwa ezinhle zokulwa ne-viral zokwelapha i-AIDS nezindlela zokuyivimbela, i-Kaposi sarcoma iye yaba yingxube kakhulu futhi ingathandeki kubantu abane-AIDS. Ukuthatha imithi yokulwa ne-viral kunganciphisa inani le-virus ebangela i-HIV / AIDS futhi kwenze isimiso somzimba sibe namandla. Lokhu kungaba ukwelashwa kuphela okudingekayo kwe-Kaposi sarcoma.

Abanye abantu abane-Kaposi sarcoma ehlobene nokuhlinzwa bangase bakwazi ukuyeka ukuthatha imithi elawula isimiso somzimba noma bashintshe kwenye imithi.

Izinhlangothi zokwelapha i-lesions ezincane zesikhumba zingafaka:

• Ukuhlinzwa okuncane, okuthiwa ukukhipha.
• Ukwelashwa ngokuqandisa, okuthiwa i-cryotherapy.
• Ukwelashwa ngomgogodla.
• Ukugxilwa kwemithi ye-chemotherapy i-vinblastine kwi-lesions.
• Ukufaka ikhilimu noma ijeli yemithi esikhumbeni.

Ii-lesions ezifakwe nganoma iyiphi indlela lezi zizovuselela cishe ngeminyaka embalwa. Uma lokhu kwenzeka, ukwelashwa kuvame ukwaphindeka.

Uma i-Kaposi sarcoma ibangela i-lesions eziningi zesikhumba, ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingadingeka, njengalezi:

• Ukwelashwa ngomgogodla. Ukwelashwa ngomgogodla kusebenzisa imisebe yamandla enamandla ukubulala amakha e-cancer. Lena iyindlela yokwelapha uma kukhona i-lesions eziningi zesikhumba, kodwa azanele ukudinga i-chemotherapy.
• I-Chemotherapy. I-Chemotherapy isebenzisa imithi enamandla ukubulala amakha e-cancer. I-Chemotherapy ingaba yindlela uma i-Kaposi sarcoma ithinta izingxenye eziningi zomzimba. Nge-Kaposi sarcoma ebi kakhulu ngokushesha, i-chemotherapy ingasiza.