Umphukuthi Welinde? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

Umphukuthi welinde uhlobo lomdlavuza womlomo oqala lapho amaseli angajwayelekile ekhula ngokungenamkhawulo ezindebeni zakho. Iningi lomdlavuza welinde liqala ezindebeni ezansi futhi luphekwa kalula uma lufunyanwa ngokushesha.

Lokhu okuvamile kubonakala njengesihlungu, ibhala, noma indawo eguqukile yombala engapheli ngokwayo. Nakuba igama elithi "umdlavuza" lingase libe yinto ebangela ukwesaba, umdlavuza welinde unezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokululama phakathi kwazo zonke izinhlobo zomdlavuza uma utholakala futhi uphekwe ngokushesha.

Umphukuthi Welinde Ungubani?

Umphukuthi welinde uqala lapho amaseli aphilile ezihlangwini zezindebe zakho eqala ukukhula ngokungajwayelekile futhi akhe ithusi. Cishe u-90% womdlavuza welinde yi-squamous cell carcinomas, eqala kumaseli ahlanzekile, abanzi ahlanganisa izindebe zakho.

Ilinde ezansi ithinteka kakhulu kunendebe eliphezulu ngoba ithola ukukhanya kwelanga okuningi ekuphileni kwakho konke. Ilinde yakho ezansi ihlala ikhula ngaphandle, okwenza kube lula ukuba ihlatshwe yi-UV rays eyingozi.

Ngokungavamile, umdlavuza welinde ungaqala njenge-basal cell carcinoma noma i-melanoma. Lezi zinhlobo ziphatha ngokuhlukile futhi zingadinga izindlela zokwelapha ezikhethekile, kodwa zisaphatheka kalula uma zitholakala ngokushesha.

Ziyini Izimpawu Zomdlavuza Welinde?

Izimpawu zokuqala zomdlavuza welinde zingase zibe nzima ukubona, kungakho kubalulekile ukunaka izinguquko ezindebeni zakho. Abantu abaningi baqala ukubona lezi zimpawu njengezifo zokubanda noma izindebe ezomile.

Nazi izimpawu ezivame kakhulu okufanele uzilinde:

• Isihlungu noma isifo esindebeni yakho esingapheli ngaphakathi kwamasonto amabili
• Ibhola, ukukhuluphala, noma indawo ehlanzekile esindebeni yakho
• Izindawo ezimhlophe noma ezibomvu ezihlala isikhathi eside
• Ukuphuza igazi esindebeni yakho ngaphandle kokulimaza
• Ukungabi namandla noma ukukhahlela endaweni yezindebe zakho
• Ubuhlungu noma ubuhlungu obungapheli
• Ukuhluka kombala noma ukubunjwa kwezindebe

Abanye abantu nabo baye baba nobunzima bokuvula umlomo wabo ngokugcwele noma ukugwinya. Uma ubona noma yiluphi ukukhuluphala entanyeni yakho noma endaweni yomhlathi, lokhu kungase kubonise ukuthi umdlavuza useyandulele kuma-lymph nodes aseduze, nakuba lokhu kungavamile ngomdlavuza welinde osezingeni lokuqala.

Ziyini Izinhlobo Zomdlavuza Welinde?

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zomdlavuza welinde, ngayinye inezinga elihlukile. I-Squamous cell carcinoma yenza iningi lamacala futhi ngokuvamile iqala kancane kancane ngezinyanga noma iminyaka.

I-Basal cell carcinoma nayo ingaba khona ezindebeni, nakuba ivame kakhulu kwezinye izingxenye zobuso bakho. Le nhlobo ayivamile ukusabalala kodwa ingakhula ngokujulile ezihlangwini ezizungezile uma ingaphathwa.

I-Melanoma ezindebeni ayivamile kodwa inamandla kakhulu kunamanye amaqembu. Ngokuvamile ibonakala njengendawo emnyama noma indawo engajwayelekile enombala futhi idinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Kwezinye izimo ezingavamile, ezinye izinhlobo ezifana ne-adenocarcinoma noma i-lymphoma zingaba khona ezindebeni. Udokotela wakho angakwazi ukuqonda uhlobo oluqondile nge-biopsy, okusiza ukukhomba uhlelo lokwelapha oluphumelelayo.

Yini Ebangela Umdlavuza Welinde?

Ukukhanya kwelanga yiyona imbangela ehamba phambili yomdlavuza welinde. Iminyaka yokukhanya kwe-UV ilimaza i-DNA emaseleni ezindebe zakho, ekugcineni kubangela amaseli athile ukuba abe ngumdlavuza.

Izici eziningi zingandisa ingozi yakho yokuthuthukisa le meko:

• Ukukhanya kwelanga okukhulu iminyaka eminingi
• Ukukhanya kwesikhumba esishisa kalula
• Ukusetshenziswa kwe-tabha (ukubhema, ukukhinya, noma i-snuff)
• Ukusetshenziswa okukhulu kotshwala
• Ukutheleleka yi-Human papillomavirus (HPV)
• Isimo sezimbongolo ebuthakathaka
• Umbhalo wangaphambili womdlavuza wesikhumba

Abantu abasebenza ngaphandle noma abachitha isikhathi eside elangeni ngaphandle kokukhuselwa kwezindebe babhekene nengozi enkulu. Amadoda athuthukisa umdlavuza welinde kakhulu kunabesifazane, ngenxa yokukhanya kwelanga okukhulu kanye nezinga eliphezulu lokusetshenziswa kwe-tabha.

Ngokungavamile, izimo ezithile ze-genetic noma ukwelashwa kwangaphambili kwe-radiation ekhanda nentanyeni kungase futhi kukhulise amathuba akho okukhula komdlavuza welinde.

Nini Okufanele Ubone Udokotela NgoMdlavuza Welinde?

Kufanele ubheke udokotela wakho uma ubona noma yiziphi izinguquko ezihlala isikhathi eside ezindebeni zakho ezihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izifo ezingapheli, amabhala angajwayelekile, noma izindawo eziguqukile yombala.

Ungalindi uma uhlangabezana nokuphuza igazi esindebeni yakho ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile. Nakuba lokhu akusho ngokuzenzakalelayo umdlavuza, kufanele ube nomuntu ochwepheshe abheke ukuze akhiphe izimo ezingathi sína.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma ubona noma yiluphi ukungabi namandla, ukukhahlela, noma ubuhlungu ezindebeni zakho obungathuthuki. Ukuhluka kokuzwa noma ukusebenza kwezindebe zakho ngezinye izikhathi kungaba izimpawu zokuqala zoxwayiso.

Uma une-lymph nodes ezikhulile entanyeni yakho kanye nezimpawu zezindebe, lokhu kudinga ukuhlolwa ngokushesha. Nakuba izinto eziningi zingabangela ukukhuluphala kwe-lymph nodes, lo mhlanganiso udinga ukuhlolwa ochwepheshe.

Ziyini Izici Zengozi Zomdlavuza Welinde?

Ukuqonda izici zakho zengozi kungakusiza ukuba uthathe izinyathelo zokuvimbela futhi wazi ukuthi nini kufanele uqaphele ngokwengeziwe ngezinguquko. Isici esikhulu sengozi yilona lilimaza elangeni ekuphileni kwakho konke.

Ingozi yakho iyanda kakhulu uma:

• Unekhala elikhanyayo, izinwele ezilula, noma amehlo amhlophe
• Usebenza ngaphandle noma uchitha isikhathi eside elangeni
• Uhlala endaweni elangeni noma phezulu
• Usebenzisa imikhiqizo ye-tabha nganoma iyiphi indlela
• Uphuza utshwala kakhulu futhi njalo
• Unembali yezifo zokubanda noma ukutheleleka yi-HPV
• Uthatha imithi ecindezela isimo sezimbongolo zakho

Ubudala buphinde bube nomthelela, ngomdlavuza welinde owenziwa kakhulu kubantu abadala kuno-50. Amadoda abhekene nengozi enkulu kathathu kunabesifazane, nakuba le gephu liyancipha njengoba izindlela zokukhanya kwelanga ziguquka.

Ukuba nomdlavuza wesikhumba wangaphambili kunoma iyiphi ingxenye yomzimba wakho kukhulise amathuba akho okukhula komdlavuza welinde. Uma uke waba nokwelashwa kwe-radiation ekhanda noma entanyeni yakho, ingozi yakho ingase ibe phezulu.

Ziyini Izingozi Ezingase Zivele NgoMdlavuza Welinde?

Uma utholakala ngokushesha, umdlavuza welinde awuvamile ukubangela izingozi ezinkulu. Noma kunjalo, ukulibazisa ukwelashwa kungabangela imiphumela eminingi ebangela ukukhathazeka okunzima kakhulu ukuyiphatha.

Izingozi ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• Ukubhebhetheka kuma-lymph nodes aseduze entanyeni yakho
• Ukukhula ezihlangwini zobuso ezizungezile
• Ubunzima bokudla, ukukhuluma, noma ukuphuza
• Ukuhluka okuhlala njalo kokubonakala kwezindebe
• Ukonakala kwama-nerve okubangela ukungabi namandla
• Ukuphinda kube khona ngemuva kokwelashwa kokuqala

Emacaleni athuthukile, umdlavuza welinde ungasabalala ezingxenyeni ezikude zomzimba wakho, nakuba lokhu kungavamile. Umdlavuza ungase futhi ukhule ngokujulile ngokwanele ukuze uthinte i-jawbone yakho noma ezinye izakhi zobuso.

Abanye abantu bahlangabezana nomlomo owomile noma ubunzima bokuhamba kwezindebe ngemuva kokwelashwa. Nakuba le miphumela ingase ibe nzima, iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha lingakusiza ukuthi uyiphathe kahle.

Umphukuthi Welinde Ungavikeleka Kanjani?

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi umdlavuza welinde uvimbeka kakhulu ngemikhuba yansuku zonke elula. Ukuvikela izindebe zakho ekukhanyeni kwelanga yiyona nyathelo ebaluleke kakhulu ongayithatha.

Nansi indlela ongakunciphisa ngayo ingozi yakho:

• Sebenzisa i-lip balm ene-SPF 30 noma ngaphezulu nsuku zonke
• Gqoka i-hat enkulu uma ungaphandle
• Funani isithunzi ngesikhathi esikhulu selanga (10 AM kuya ku-4 PM)
• Gwema imikhiqizo ye-tabha ngokuphelele
• Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kotshwala
• Hlala unomswakama ukuze ugcine izindebe ziphilile
• Hlola izindebe zakho njalo ukuze ubone izinguquko

Yenza ukuvikelwa kwezindebe kube njengokujwayelekile njengokugeza amazinyo. Phinda ufake i-lip balm ene-SPF usuku lonke, ikakhulu uma uya kudla, uphuza, noma uchitha isikhathi ngaphandle.

Uma usebenzisa i-tabha njengamanje, ukuyeka kuyinye yezinto ezinhle ongayenza empilweni yakho yonke. Udokotela wakho angakusiza uthole izinhlelo zokusiza eziphumelelayo zokusiza ukubhema kanye nokusekela.

Umphukuthi Welinde Utholakala Kanjani?

Ukuthola umdlavuza welinde ngokuvamile kuqala ngodokotela wakho ehlola izindebe zakho futhi ebuza ngezimpawu zakho. Bazobheka eduze noma yiziphi izindawo ezimangalisayo futhi bazizwe amabhala noma ama-lymph nodes amakhulu.

Uma kukhona ukucatshangelwa komdlavuza, udokotela wakho uzokwenza i-biopsy ngokususa isampula encane yethishu ukuze ihlolwe elabhorethri. Lokhu ngokuvamile kwenziwa nge-anesthesia yendawo futhi kuthatha imizuzu embalwa kuphela.

Imiphumela ye-biopsy izobonisa ukuthi amaseli omdlavuza akhona yini nokuthi yiluphi uhlobo. Udokotela wakho angase futhi alayishe ukuhlolwa kwezithombe ezifana ne-CT scans noma i-MRIs ukuze abone ukuthi umdlavuza useyandulele yini.

Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wakho angase asebenzise ukukhanya okukhethekile noma umbala ukuze usize ukubona izindawo ezingajwayelekile ezindebeni zakho. Lezi zindlela zingenza kube lula ukubona izinguquko zokuqala ezingase zingabonakali emehlweni.

Yini Ukwelashwa KweMphukuthi Welinde?

Ukuphathwa komdlavuza welinde kuncike ebukhoneni, indawo, kanye nezinga lomdlavuza wakho. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi iningi lomdlavuza welinde lingaphekwa ngokuphelele ngokwelashwa okulungile.

Ukuhlinzwa yilona ukwelashwa okuvamile futhi ngokuvamile yilona kuphela okudingekayo ngomdlavuza welinde osezingeni lokuqala. Udokotela wakho uzokususa ithusi kanye nezingxenye ezincane zethishu enempilo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi wonke amaseli omdlavuza ahambile.

Ezinye izinketho zokwelapha zingafaka:

• Ukuphathwa kwe-radiation ukubhubhisa amaseli omdlavuza aseleyo
• I-Cryotherapy (ukubanda) ngezithusi ezincane kakhulu
• Imithi yokugcoba ngezinguquko ezingaphambi komdlavuza
• Ukuhlinzwa kokwakha kabusha ukuze kulungiswe ukubonakala kwezindebe
• I-Chemotherapy ngamacala athuthukile

Iqembu lakho lokwelapha lizozama ngokucophelela ukulondoloza kokubili ukusebenza nokubonakala kwezindebe zakho. Izindlela zanamuhla zivumela abantu abaningi ukuba bahlale bedla, bakhulume, futhi babe nezimo zobuso eziqondile ngemuva kokwelashwa.

Ukukhathalela okulandelayo kubalulekile ngisho nasemuva kokwelashwa okuphumelelayo. Ukuhlola okujwayelekile kusiza ukubamba noma yikuphi ukuphinda kube khona ngokushesha futhi kuqaphele imidlavuza emisha yesikhumba kwenye ingxenye yomzimba wakho.

Indlela Yokwelapha Ekhaya Ngesikhathi Somdlavuza Welinde?

Nakuba ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kubalulekile, kunezinto eziningi ongazenza ekhaya ukuze usekele ukululama kwakho nokududuza. Ukugcina izindebe zakho zinomswakama futhi zivikelwe kuba yinto ebaluleke nakakhulu ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.

Nazi izindlela zokunakekelwa ekhaya eziwusizo:

• Gcina izindebe zinomswakama nge-balms ezinomusa, ezingenamoya
• Vikela izindawo ezitholakele ekukhanyeni kwelanga
• Dle ukudla okuthambile okungayilimazi izindebe zakho
• Hlala unomswakama ngokuphuza amanzi amaningi
• Gwema utshwala ne-tabha ngokuphelele
• Thatha imithi yobhlungu njengoba kuyalelwe
• Gcina iziqukathi zokulandelela neqembu lakho lokukhathalela impilo

Qaphela indlela izindebe zakho eziphola ngayo futhi ubhale noma yiziphi izinguquko ezinkulu kudoctor wakho. Ukukhuluphala okuthile, ubuhlungu, noma izinguquko ezinzwa kuvamile ngemuva kokwelashwa, kodwa izinkinga ezihlala njalo zidinga ukuhlolwa.

Cabanga ukusebenzisa i-humidifier ekhaya lakho ukuvimbela izindebe zakho ukuba zingomi. Ukuzivocavoca okuthambile kwezindebe okusikisela yiqembu lakho lokukhathalela impilo kungasiza ukugcina ukuguquguquka nokusebenza.

Kufanele Uzilungiselele Kanjani Isikhathi Sakho Sokubona Udokotela?

Ukuba ulungile ngesikhathi sakho sokubona udokotela kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukuxilongwa okuchane kakhulu nokukhathalela okuhle kakhulu okungenzeka. Qala ngokubhala zonke izimpawu zakho nokuthi wazibona nini okokuqala.

Letha uhlu lwemithi yonke, amavithamini, kanye nezinye izinto ozithathayo. Phawula futhi noma yimuphi umlando wokukhanya kwelanga, ukusetshenziswa kwe-tabha, noma imidlavuza yesikhumba yangaphambili, njengoba le mininingwane ikusiza udokotela wakho ukuthi ahlole isimo sakho.

Cabanga ukuletha lezi zinto esikhathini sakho sokubona udokotela:

• Izithombe ezibonisa ukuthi le ndawo iguquke kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
• Uhlu lwemibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza
• Amakhadi yomshuwalense kanye nokuhlonza
• Umbhalo womndeni wezokwelapha, ikakhulu noma yimiphi imidlavuza
• Umnqobi othembekile noma ilungu lomndeni lokusekela

Ungagqoki i-lipstick noma i-lip balm esikhathini sakho sokubona udokotela ukuze udokotela wakho akwazi ukubona izindebe zakho ngokucacile. Uma ukhathazekile ngokuvakashela, lokho kuvamile futhi kuqondakala.

Bhala imibuzo ngaphambili ukuze ungakhohlwa ukuyibuza. Imibuzo emihle ingase ifake ukubuza ngezinketho zokwelapha, isikhathi sokululama, kanye nembono yesikhathi eside.

Yini Eyinhloko NgoMdlavuza Welinde?

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi umdlavuza welinde uphekwa kalula, ikakhulu uma utholakala ngokushesha. Abantu abaningi abathuthukisa umdlavuza welinde baqhubeka bephila impilo evamile, enempilo ngemuva kokwelashwa.

Ukuvimbela ngokuvikelwa kwelanga kwansuku zonke yilona liqhaza lakho elihle kakhulu lokuvikela umdlavuza welinde. Ukwenza i-lip balm ene-SPF ibe yingxenye yemikhuba yakho yansuku zonke yindlela elula engase yenze umehluko omkhulu.

Ungawagcini izinguquko ezihlala njalo ezindebeni zakho, kodwa ungathuki uma ubona okuthile okungajwayelekile. Izinkinga eziningi zezindebe ziyizinto ezilula, futhi ngisho noma kukhona umdlavuza, amazinga okwelapha aphezulu ngokwelashwa ngokushesha.

Ukuhlola okujwayelekile kwezindebe zakho kuthatha imizuzwana embalwa kuphela kodwa kungakusiza ukubamba izinkinga ngokushesha. Bheka noma yiziphi izifo, amabhala, noma izinguquko zombala ezihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa NgoMdlavuza Welinde

Q1: Ingabe umdlavuza welinde ungaphekwa ngokuphelele?

Yebo, umdlavuza welinde unezinga eliphezulu kakhulu lokululama kwazo zonke izinhlobo zomdlavuza uma utholakala ngokushesha. Ngaphezulu kuka-90% lwabantu abane-lip cancer ezingeni lokuqala balulama ngokuphelele ngokwelashwa okulungile. Ngisho nasemacaleni athuthukile, ukwelashwa ngokuvamile kuphumelela kakhulu.

Q2: Ngingawubona kanjani umehluko phakathi komdlavuza welinde nesifo sokubanda?

Izifo zokubanda ngokuvamile zibonakala njengezibilini ezigcwele uketshezi eziphuka futhi zihlanganise, zilungise ngaphakathi kwezinsuku eziyi-7-10. Umdlavuza welinde ngokuvamile ubonakala njengesihlungu esiqhubekayo, ibhola, noma indawo eguqukile yombala engapheli ngemuva kwamasonto amabili. Uma ungaqiniseki, bheka udokotela wakho ukuze ahlole.

Q3: Ingabe umdlavuza welinde uhlale udinga ukuhlinzwa?

Ukuhlinzwa yilona ukwelashwa okuvamile, kodwa izinguquko zokuqala kakhulu noma ezingaphambi komdlavuza zingase ziphathwe ngezindlela ezifana ne-cryotherapy noma imithi yokugcoba. Udokotela wakho uzokuncoma indlela engcono kakhulu ngokuya ngesimo sakho esithile kanye nezinga lomdlavuza.

Q4: Ingabe ngizobonakala ngokuhlukile ngemuva kokwelashwa komdlavuza welinde?

Abantu abaningi bagcina ukubonakala okuqondile kwezindebe ngemuva kokwelashwa komdlavuza welinde osezingeni lokuqala. Izindlela zokuhlinzwa zanamuhla zigxile ekulondolozeni kokubili ukusebenza nokubonakala. Uma ukwakhiwa kabusha kudingeka, ochwepheshe bokuhlinzwa bangase bakwazi ukufinyelela imiphumela emihle kakhulu.

Q5: Mangikahlole kangaki izindebe zami ukuze ngibone izimpawu zomdlavuza?

Hlola izindebe zakho ngenyanga njengengxenye yemikhuba yokuzihlola okujwayelekile. Bheka ekukhanyeni okuhle futhi uzizwe noma yimaphi amabhala, ama-bumps, noma izindawo ezihlanzekile. Uma usengozini enkulu ngenxa yokukhanya kwelanga noma ezinye izici, udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kwabachwepheshe.