Izinkinga Ze-Liver? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelapha

Izinkinga ze-liver zenzeka uma i-liver yakho ingasebenzi kahle ngenxa yomonakalo, isifo, noma ezinye izimo zezempilo. I-liver yakho ifana nefilitha yomzimba wakho nefuthi yifektri, ehlunga konke okudlayo nokukuphuza ngenkathi yenza amaprotheni abalulekile futhi isuse izinto eziyingozi egazini lakho.

Lezi zimo zingaba kusukela ezinkingeni ezilula eziqeda zodwa kuya ezifweni ezinkulu ezidinga ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi i-liver yakho inekhono elimangalisayo lokuziphilisa uma inikezwa ukwesekwa okulungile nokunakekelwa.

Iyini inkinga ye-liver?

Izinkinga ze-liver yinoma iyiphi isimo esivimba i-liver yakho ekwenzeni imisebenzi yayo evamile ngokuphumelelayo. I-liver yakho yenza imisebenzi engaphezu kuka-500 ehlukene, kufaka phakathi ukuhlunga ubuthi, ukwenza i-bile ukusiza ekuqedeni amafutha, ukugcina amavithamini, nokukhiqiza amaprotheni asiza igazi lakho liqine.

Uma kukhona okuphosakele kwi-liver yakho, kuchaphazela ikhono lomzimba wakho lonke lokucubungula izondlo, ukulwa nokutheleleka, nokuba nempilo enhle. Cabanga ngakho njengendawo ephambili yokucubungula yomzimba wakho enenkinga yokugcina umsebenzi wayo.

Ubungako bungashintshashintsha kakhulu. Ezinye izinkinga ze-liver zingokwesikhashana futhi zilula, kanti ezinye zingaba zinkulu futhi zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okuqhubekayo ukuvimbela izinkinga ezinkulu.

Ziyini izimpawu zezinkinga ze-liver?

Izinkinga ze-liver ekuqaleni zivame ukubangela izimpawu ezincane ongasoze wazibopha ngokushesha kwi-liver yakho. Abantu abaningi bazizwa bengaphili kahle ngaphambi kokuthuthukisa izimpawu ezicacile.

Nawa izimpawu ezivamile ongazihlangabezana nazo:

• Ukuzizwa ukhathele noma ubuthakathaka, ngisho nasemuva kokupumula
• Ukulahlekelwa ukudla noma ukuzizwa usicanucanu ngemuva kokudla
• Ubuhlungu obuthambile besisu noma ubuhlungu ngakwesokudla phezulu
• Ukushintsha kombala wesisu sakho sibe mnyama noma sibe nsundu
• Ukukhishwa kwesisu okumhlophe noma okufana nodaka
• Ukuphenduka kombala olukhanyayo lwesi khumba sakho noma oluhlophe lweziso zakho

Njengoba izinkinga ze-liver ziqhubeka, ungase uqaphele izimpawu ezinkulu ezidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu, ukuphenduka kombala olukhulu lwesi khumba sakho, ukudideka noma ukukhuluphala kokucinga ngokucacile, nokukhuluphala ezinyaweni zakho noma esiswini.

Ezinye izimpawu ezingavamile kodwa ezingathi sína zifaka ukukhahlela igazi, ukukhahlela okukhulu emzimbeni wakho wonke, nokushintsha okungazelelwe kwesimo sengqondo. Lezi zimpawu zibonisa ukuthi i-liver yakho inenkinga enkulu futhi idinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo.

Ziyini izinhlobo zezinkinga ze-liver?

Izinkinga ze-liver ziwela ezinhlotsheni ezinkulu ngokusekelwe kulokho okubangela inkinga nokuthi kuchaphaza kanjani umsebenzi we-liver yakho. Ukuqonda lezi zinhlobo kungakusiza uqonde ukuthi kungenzeka yini okwenzekayo emzimbeni wakho.

Izinhlobo ezivamile zifaka izimo ezivuvukayo njenge-hepatitis, lapho i-liver yakho iphuza futhi ikhathazeka. Isifo se-liver esinamanoni senzeka uma amanoni amaningi eqoqa ezicellini ze-liver yakho, ngokuvamile kuhlobene nokudla noma ukusetshenziswa kotshwala.

I-Cirrhosis ithuthuka uma inyama eyonakele ithatha indawo yenyama ye-liver enempilo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Umdlavuza we-liver ungaqala kwi-liver ngokwayo noma usakaze ezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho. Izimo zezakhiwo njenge-Wilson's disease noma i-hemochromatosis zenza umzimba wakho ugcine ithusi noma insimbi eningi kakhulu.

Izinhlobo ezingavamile zifaka izifo ze-liver ze-autoimmune lapho isimiso sakho sokuvikela umzimba sihlasele i-liver yakho, nokwehluleka kwe-liver okukhulu lapho i-liver yakho iyeka ukusebenza ngokushesha.

Ziyini izimbangela zezinkinga ze-liver?

Izinkinga ze-liver zithuthuka ngenxa yezizathu eziningi ezahlukene, futhi ngezinye izikhathi izinto eziningi zisebenza ndawonye ukulimaza i-liver yakho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukuqonda lezi zimbangela kungakusiza wenze izinqumo ezilwemi mayelana nempilo yakho.

Izimbangela ezivamile zifaka:

• Ukuphuza utshwala kakhulu njalo izinyanga noma iminyaka eminingi
• Ukutheleleka okuvikelayo njenge-hepatitis A, B, noma C
• Ukuba ngumuntu onesisindo esingaphezulu noma onomdlavuza, okuholela esifweni se-liver esinamanoni
• Ukuthatha imithi ethile noma izithasiselo ngamandla aphezulu
• Ukuvezwa kubuthi noma amakhemikhali endaweni yakho
• Ukudla ukudla okunamafutha amaningi, ushukela, nokunye okunye

Izimbangela ezingavamile kodwa eziqakathekile zifaka izimo ze-autoimmune lapho umzimba wakho uhlasele inyama yomzimba wakho ye-liver. Ukuphazamiseka kwezakhiwo kungabangela umzimba wakho ukucubungula izinto ezithile ngokungalungi, okuholela ekuqokeleleni nasemonakalweni.

Izimbangela ezingavamile zifaka ukutheleleka okuthile ngaphandle kwe-hepatitis, ukuphazamiseka kokuguqulwa komzimba, nokusebenza okubi kwezithasiselo zezitshalo noma imithi ehlukile. Ngezinye izikhathi izinkinga ze-liver zithuthuka ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile, okuyikho odokotela abakubiza ngokuthi isifo se-liver esingenasizathu.

Nini kufanele ubona udokotela ngezinkinga ze-liver?

Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho uma uqaphela ukuphenduka kombala olukhanyayo lwesi khumba sakho noma amehlo, ubuhlungu besisu obuqhubekayo, noma isisu esimnyama esingathuthuki ngokwanda kokudla kwamanzi. Lezi zimpawu zibonisa ukuthi i-liver yakho idinga ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha.

Ezinye izimpawu zokuqapha ezidinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo zifaka ukuzizwa udideke noma ukuba nenkinga yokucinga ngokucacile, ukukhahlela igazi noma ukuba nezimfuyo ezimnyama, nokuqala ukukhathala okukhulu okuhlupha imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke.

Ungalindi uma uhlangabezana nokukhuluphala okukhulu kwesisu, ukukhuluphala kokuphefumula, noma ukushintsha okukhulu kwesimo sengqondo noma ukuziphatha kwakho. Lezi zimpawu zingabonisa izinkinga ezinkulu ze-liver ezidinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo.

Ngisho nezimpawu ezilula njengokuphazamiseka okuqhubekayo, ukulahlekelwa ukudla, noma ukuzizwa ungaphili kahle izinsuku ezimbalwa kufanele kunakekelwe udokotela. Ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kuvame ukubangela imiphumela emihle ngezimo ze-liver.

Ziyini izici ezingozi zezinkinga ze-liver?

Izici eziningi zingandisa amathuba akho okukhula kwezinkinga ze-liver, nakuba ukuba nezici ezingozi akusho ukuthi uzokhula ngokuqinisekile isifo se-liver. Abantu abaningi abanezici ezingozi abazange bahlangabezane nezinkinga ze-liver.

Izici eziyinhloko ezingozi zifaka:

• Ukuphuza utshwala njalo, ikakhulukazi ngaphezu kwamandla acasuliwe
• Ukuba ngumuntu onesisindo esingaphezulu noma olukhulu, ikakhulukazi ngamanoni esiswini
• Ukuba nomdlavuza noma i-prediabetes
• Ukuthatha imithi eminingi noma amandla aphezulu wemithi ethile
• Ukuba nomlando womndeni wesifo se-liver
• Ukuvezwa kuma-hepatitis ama-viruses ngegazi noma izinto zomzimba

Ezinye izici ezingozi zifaka ukuba ne-cholesterol noma i-triglycerides ephakeme, ukudla ukudla okunamafutha amaningi, nokuvezwa kumakhemikhali athile noma ubuthi emsebenzini noma ekhaya.

Abanye abantu banokuguqulwa kwezakhiwo okubenza babe sengozini enkulu yezinkinga ze-liver. Ubudala buphinde bube nomthelela, njengoba ikhono le-liver yakho lokucubungula izinto lingase liwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, nakuba abantu abadala abaningi bagcina umsebenzi we-liver omuhle.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zenzeke ngenxa yezinkinga ze-liver?

Uma izinkinga ze-liver zingaphathwa noma zibe nzima, zingabangela izinkinga ezinkulu ezichaphazela umzimba wakho wonke. I-liver yakho idlala indima ephakathi kwempilo yakho ukuthi ukungasebenzi kahle kwayo kuchaphazela amanye amalungu nezinhlelo eziningi.

Izinkinga ezivamile zifaka:

• I-Portal hypertension, lapho ukucindezela kwegazi kuqala khona ezinhlanzi ezizungezile i-liver yakho
• Ukuqongelelana kwamanzi esiswini sakho noma ezinyaweni, okuthiwa yi-ascites ne-edema
• Ukungena engozini enkulu yokutheleleka ngenxa yokunciphisa amandla okuvikela umzimba
• Izinkinga zokugcina igazi, okuholela ekubhebhethekeni noma ekuphuleni kalula
• Ukudideka noma izinkinga zememori kusuka kubuthi obuqongelela egazini lakho
• Izinkinga zezinso njengoba i-liver yakho ingakwazi ukusiza ukuhlunga ubuthi ngokufanele

Izinkinga ezinkulu zingafaka izinhlanzi ezinkulu esifundeni sakho sesifuba esingase siphule, ukungondliwa okukhulu njengoba umzimba wakho ungakwazi ukucubungula izondlo ngokufanele, nesifo samathambo ngenxa yokungondliwa okubi kwamavithamini.

Izinkinga ezingavamile kodwa ezinzima zifaka ukwehluleka kwe-liver, lapho i-liver yakho iyeka ukusebenza cishe ngokuphelele, nokukhuluphala engozini yomdlavuza we-liver kubantu abanesifo se-liver esiqhubekayo. Noma kunjalo, ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okufanele nokushintsha indlela yokuphila, izinkinga eziningi zingavimbeka noma ziphathwe kahle.

Ungazivimbela kanjani izinkinga ze-liver?

Izinkinga eziningi ze-liver zingavimbeka ngokukhetha indlela yokuphila enempilo nokugwema izici ezingozi ezaziwayo. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi i-liver yakho iphendula kahle ekushintsheni okuhle, ngisho noma ube nezinkinga esikhathini esidlule.

Izindlela eziyinhloko zokuvimbela zifaka ukulinganisela utshwala kwamandla acasuliwe noma ukugwema ngokuphelele uma usengozini. Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo ngokudla okulinganiselayo nokuzivocavoca njalo kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yesifo se-liver esinamanoni.

Ukuthola ukugonywa kwe-hepatitis A ne-B kukuvikela kulezi zifo ezithathelwanayo. Sebenzisa izindlela ezifanele zokuphepha ukuze ugweme i-hepatitis C, njengokungabi nabelani ngezimpondo nokuqinisekisa ukuthi noma yiziphi izithombe noma ukugqoka okwenziwe ngezinto ezihlanzekile.

Qaphela imithi nezithasiselo, uthathe kuphela lokho okudingekayo futhi ulandele imiyalo yokulinganisela ngokucophelela. Gwema ukuvezwa kumakhemikhali abuthi nama-metals abunzima uma kungenzeka, futhi usebenzise isivimbeli uma usebenza nezinto eziyingozi.

Izinkinga ze-liver zitholakala kanjani?

Ukuthola izinkinga ze-liver ngokuvamile kuqala ngodokotela wakho ebuza ngezimpawu zakho, umlando wezokwelapha, nezici zendlela yokuphila njengokusetshenziswa kotshwala nemithi. Bazokwenza ukuhlolwa komzimba, bahlole izimpawu njengokuphenduka kombala olukhanyayo lwesi khumba sakho noma ubuhlungu esiswini sakho.

Izivivinyo zegazi ngokuvamile yisinyathelo sokuqala sokuthola, silinganisa ama-enzymes namaprotheni abonisa ukuthi i-liver yakho isebenza kahle kangakanani. Lezi zivivinyo zingabonisa ukuvuvukala, umonakalo, noma izinkinga ngekhono le-liver yakho lokwenza izinto ezibalulekile.

Uma izivivinyo zegazi zibonisa izinkinga ze-liver, udokotela wakho angase acele izifundo zokuthola izithombe njengengqondo, i-CT scan, noma i-MRI ukubuka usakhiwo lwe-liver yakho nokuhlola ukungalingani njengezinhlanzi noma ukunyathela.

Ngezinye izikhathi i-liver biopsy idingeka, lapho isampula encane yenyama ye-liver isuswa futhi ihlolwe ngaphansi kwesikrini. Le nqubo, nakuba ingathandeki kancane, inikeza ulwazi oluqondile ngobuningi nohlobo lomonakalo we-liver.

Ukuphathwa kwezinkinga ze-liver kuyini?

Ukuphathwa kwezinkinga ze-liver kuncike esimweni esithile, ubungako baso, nokuthi yini eyibangelayo. Umgomo uhlale ukumisa umonakalo owengeziwe, usize i-liver yakho iphulukane, futhi uphathe noma yiziphi izinkinga eziye zathuthuka.

Ngezinye izimo ze-liver, ukushintsha indlela yokuphila kuyisisekelo sokwelapha. Lokhu kufaka ukumisa utshwala ngokuphelele, ukulahlekelwa isisindo uma kudingeka, ukuphatha umdlavuza, nokugwema imithi engalimaza i-liver yakho ngokwengeziwe.

Imithi ingase ilotshwe ukwelapha izimbangela eziyinhloko njenge-viral hepatitis, ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala, noma ukuphatha izinkinga njengokuqongelelana kwamanzi. Abanye abantu bazuza ekwelapheni okuthile njengokususa insimbi noma ithusi elingaphezulu emzimbeni wabo.

Ezimeni ezinkulu lapho i-liver ihluleka khona, ukutshalwa kwe-liver kungase kudingeke. Noma kunjalo, lokhu ngokuvamile kugcinelwe isifo se-liver esiphelile lapho ezinye izindlela zokwelapha zingasebenzi.

Ungazinakekela kanjani ekhaya ngesikhathi sezinkinga ze-liver?

Ukuzinakekela ekhaya kudlala indima ebalulekile ekusekeleni ukuphulukana kwe-liver yakho nokuvimbela umonakalo owengeziwe. Izinqumo ezincane zansuku zonke zingenza umehluko omkhulu endleleni ozizwa ngayo nokuthi i-liver yakho isebenza kahle kangakanani.

Gxila ekudleni ukudla okulinganiselayo okunemithombo eminingi yezimila, izithelo, ukudla okugcwele, namaprotheni ahlanzekile ngenkathi ugcina ukudla okucutshunguliwe, ushukela, namafutha agcwele. Hlala unamanzi amaningi, futhi ugweme utshwala ngokuphelele uma unezinkinga ze-liver.

Thola ukuphumula okwanele, njengoba i-liver yakho yenza umsebenzi wayo wokulungisa kakhulu ngenkathi ulele. Ukuzivocavoca okulula njengokuhamba kungasiza ekuphatheni isisindo nempilo yonke, kodwa gwema ukuzivocavoca okukhulu uma uzizwa ukhathele kakhulu.

Thatha imithi ngokuqondile njengoba kulotshiwe futhi ugweme imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu njenge-acetaminophen ngaphandle kokuvunyelwa udokotela wakho. Gcina ulandelela izimpawu zakho namandla akho ukuze wabelane neqembu lakho lokukhathalela impilo.

Kufanele uzilungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho yodokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-aphoyintimenti yakho yodokotela kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukuxilongwa okuchane kakhulu nelenqubo yokwelapha efanele. Ukuletha ulwazi olufanele kulondoloza isikhathi futhi kusize udokotela wakho ukuqonda isimo sakho kangcono.

Yenza uhlu lwezimpawu zakho zonke, kufaka phakathi ukuthi zaqala nini nokuthi yini eyenza zibe ngcono noma zibe zimbi. Qaphela noma iyiphi imithi, izithasiselo, noma imithi yezitshalo oyithathayo, kufaka phakathi amandla nokuthi ubuthathe isikhathi esingakanani.

Bhala imibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza, njengokuthi yiziphi izivivinyo ongazidinga, yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo, nokuthi yiziphi izinguquko zendlela yokuphila ezingasiza. Unganqikazi ukubuza nganoma yini ongayiqondi.

Letha ilungu lomndeni noma umngani uma kungenzeka, njengoba bangakusiza ukukhumbula ulwazi oluqakathekile oluxoxwe ngesikhathi se-aphoyintimenti. Ukuba nomuntu okhona ukusekela kungakusiza futhi uzizwe ukhululekile ukubuza imibuzo.

Yini okufanele uyikhumbule mayelana nezinkinga ze-liver?

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi izinkinga eziningi ze-liver zingavimbeka, ziphathwe, noma ziphathwe kahle uma zitholakala ngokushesha. I-liver yakho inamandla okuphulukisa amangalisayo uma inikezwa ukwesekwa okulungile nokunakekelwa.

Qaphela izimpawu zomzimba wakho futhi ungazideli izimpawu njengokukhathala okuqhubekayo, ubuhlungu besisu, noma ukushintsha ekudleni kwakho. Ukutholakala kwasekuqaleni nokuphathwa kuvame ukubangela imiphumela emihle kakhulu kunokulinda kuze kube yilapho izinkinga zibe nzima.

Ukushintsha okuncane kwendlela yokuphila kungaba nomthelela omkhulu empilweni yakho ye-liver. Ukulinganisela utshwala, ukugcina isisindo esinempilo, ukudla ukudla okunomsoco, nokuqapha imithi konke kusekela umsebenzi we-liver yakho obalulekile.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuba nezinkinga ze-liver akusho ukuthi isimo sakho asiyethemba. Ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okufanele nokuzimisela kokukhetha okunempilo, abantu abaningi abanezimo ze-liver baqhubeka bephila impilo egcwele, enempilo.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana nezinkinga ze-liver

Ingabe izinkinga ze-liver zingaphiliswa ngokuphelele?

Izinkinga eziningi ze-liver zingaphathwa ngempumelelo noma zibuyele emuva, ikakhulukazi uma zitholakala ngokushesha. Izimo njengesifo se-liver esinamanoni ngokuvamile ziphulukana kakhulu ngokushintsha indlela yokuphila, kuyilapho i-viral hepatitis ngezinye izikhathi ingaphiliswa ngemithi. Noma kunjalo, ezinye izimo eziqhubekayo zidinga ukuphathwa okuqhubekayo kunokwelashwa okuphelele. Okubalulekile ukusebenza neqembu lakho lokukhathalela impilo ukuthola indlela yokwelapha ephumelelayo yesimo sakho esithile.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani i-liver ukuphulukana?

I-liver yakho ingaqala ukuphulukana phakathi nezinsuku zokususa izinto eziyingozi njengotshwala, kodwa ukuphulukana okuphelele kuyahluka kuye ngobuningi bomonakalo nesizathu esiyinhloko. Isifo se-liver esinamanoni singase siphulukane phakathi kwamasonto kuya ezinyangeni ngokushintsha ukudla, kuyilapho ukunyathela okukhulu kuthatha isikhathi eside ukukwenza. Abanye abantu babona ukuthuthuka kwezivivinyo zegazi phakathi kwamasonto ambalwa kokwenza izinguquko zendlela yokuphila, nakuba ukuphulukana kwesakhiwo kuqhubeka izinyanga noma iminyaka.

Yikuphi ukudla okuhle kakhulu kwempilo ye-liver?

Ukudla okusekela impilo ye-liver kufaka imifino eluhlaza, ama-berries, izinhlanzi ezinamafutha njengesalmon, amantongomane, amafutha omnqumo, nokudla okugcwele. Lokhu kudla kunikeza ama-antioxidants namafutha anempilo asiza ekuqedeni ukuvuvukala nokusekela izinqubo zokususwa ubuthi ze-liver yakho. Linganisela ukudla okucutshunguliwe, ushukela owengeziwe, amafutha agcwele, notshwala, njengoba lokhu kungacindezela i-liver yakho futhi kuhlanganyele emonakalweni ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ingabe izinkinga ze-liver ziyizefa?

Ezinye izimo ze-liver zinezinto zezakhiwo, okusho ukuthi zingagijima emindenini. Izimo njenge-hemochromatosis, i-Wilson's disease, nezinye izinhlobo zomdlavuza we-liver zinezinto zezakhiwo. Noma kunjalo, ukuba nomlando womndeni akusho ukuthi uzokhula ngokuqinisekile izinkinga ze-liver. Izinkinga eziningi ze-liver zibangelwa ikakhulukazi izici zendlela yokuphila njengokusetshenziswa kotshwala, ukudla, noma ukutheleleka kunokuba yizakhiwo zodwa.

Ingabe ukucindezeleka kubangela izinkinga ze-liver?

Nakuba ukucindezeleka ngokwakho kungabangeli isifo se-liver, ukucindezeleka okuqhubekayo kungase kuhlanganyele ekuziphatheni nasezimweni ezilimaza i-liver yakho. Ukucindezeleka kungase kuholele ekusetshenzisweni okukhulu kotshwala, imikhuba yokudla embi, noma ukungazinaki ukuzinakekela, konke lokhu kungachaphazela impilo ye-liver. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukucindezeleka okuqhubekayo kungase kwenze izimo ze-liver ezikhona zibe zimbi ngokuchaphazela isimiso sakho sokuvikela umzimba nempilo yonke. Ukuphatha ukucindezeleka ngezindlela zokuphatha ezinephilile kusekela inhlalakahle yakho yonke, kufaka phakathi umsebenzi we-liver.