Ubuhlungu Bekansi Lebele Emadodeni: Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

Ubuhlungu bekhansi lebele emadodeni buyisimo esingavamile kodwa esiqinisekile lapho amaseli ekhansi akhula khona endaweni encane yethishu lebele emadodeni. Nakuba lilimaza abantu abangaphansi kuka-1% lazo zonke izimo zekhansi lebele, ukuqonda lesi simo kungakusiza ukuthi uqaphele izimpawu ngokushesha bese ufuna ukunakekelwa okufanele uma kudingeka.

Nakuba kungavamile, ubuhlungu bekhansi lebele emadodeni kufanele buthathwe njengento ebalulekile njengoba kunjalo kubantu besifazane. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi uma kubanjwa ngokushesha, imiphumela yokwelashwa ivame ukuba emihle kakhulu, futhi amadoda amaningi aqhubeka ephila impilo egcwele, enempilo ngemuva kokuxilongwa.

Ubuhlungu Bekhansi Lebele Emadodeni Yini?

Ubuhlungu bekhansi lebele emadodeni buvela lapho amaseli ethishu lebele lendoda eqala ukukhula ngokungaphatheki. Yebo, amadoda anayo ithishu lebele, nakuba ingancane kakhulu kunabesifazane. Le thishu itholakala ikakhulu ngemuva kwesihloko nesikhumba esizungezile.

Ikhansini ivame ukuqala ezindlebeni ezingathwala ubisi uma zisebenza, kufana nohlobo oluvamile kakhulu lwekhansini lebele kwabesifazane. Njengoba amadoda enethishu lebele encane, ikhansi ingasakazeka ezindaweni eziseduze ngokushesha kunokuba ingenza kwabesifazane.

Izimo eziningi zikhula emadodeni aneminyaka engaphezu kuka-60, nakuba zingase zenzeke kunoma iyiphi iminyaka. Into ebalulekile okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi ubuhlungu bekhansi lebele emadodeni, nakuba bungavamile, buyaphatheka uma kubonakala ngokushesha.

Ziyini Izimpawu Zokukhula Kwekhansini Lebele Emadodeni?

Ukuqaphela izimpawu ngokushesha kukunika ithuba elihle kakhulu lokwelashwa okuphumelelayo. Izimpawu zingase zibe buthakathaka ekuqaleni, ngakho kubalulekile ukunaka noma yikuphi ukushintsha endaweni yesifuba sakho.

Nazi izimpawu ezivamile kakhulu okumele uzibheke:

• Isibopho esingenabuhlungu noma ukukhuluphala ethishwini lebele, ngokuvamile eduze kwesihloko
• Ukushintsha esihlokweni, njengokuguqula ngaphakathi noma ukukhishwa
• Ukushintsha kwesikhumba ebeleni, kufaka phakathi ukugoba, ukugoba, noma ukubomvu
• Ukukala noma amaqhubu esihlokweni noma endaweni esizungezile
• Ukukhuluphala endaweni yebhele
• Ama-lymph nodes akhulayo ngaphansi kwenduku noma eduze kwempumulo

Izimpawu ezingavamile kodwa ezingathi sína zingase zihlanganise ukukhuluphala okukhulu kwebhele, isikhumba esibukeka njengolusu lweorenji, noma ukukhishwa kwesihloko okunegazi. Lezi zimpawu zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Khumbula, izibopho eziningi zebele emadodeni azilona ikhansi. Izimo ezinjenge-gynecomastia (ithishu lebele elikhulile) zivame kakhulu futhi azinamaphutha. Noma kunjalo, noma yiluphi uhlangothi olusha noma ukushintsha kufanele kube nezingxoxo nodokotela wakho.

Yini Ebangela Ubuhlungu Bekhansi Lebele Emadodeni?

Imbangela eqondile yekhansi lebele emadodeni ayiqondakali ngokuphelele, kodwa ikhula lapho amaseli ethishu lebele ethola ukushintsha kwe-genetic okubangela ukuba akhule ngokungaphatheki. Lezi zinguquko zingase zenzeke ngezizathu ezihlukahlukene phakathi nokuphila komuntu.

Izici eziningi zingase zifake isandla ekukhuleni kwekhansi lebele emadodeni:

• Ubudala - ingozi iyakhula kakhulu ngemuva kweminyaka engama-60
• Ukushintsha kwe-genetic, ikakhulukazi ukushintsha kwe-gene ye-BRCA1 ne-BRCA2
• Umlando womndeni wekhansi lebele noma yekhansi ye-ovary
• Ukukhishwa kweradieysheni endaweni yesifuba
• Ukungahambisani kwama-hormone okwandisa amazinga e-estrogen
• Ubuhlungu bolwemi, obungathinta ukulingana kwama-hormone
• Ukukhuluphala, okungandisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-estrogen
• I-Klinefelter syndrome, isimo se-genetic esithinta amazinga ama-hormone

Ezinye izimbangela ezingavamile zihlanganisa ukwelashwa ngaphambili ngemithi ehlanganisa i-estrogen noma ukukhishwa kwezinto ezithile zekhemikhali isikhathi eside. Noma kunjalo, amadoda amaningi athola ikhansi lebele awanawo ama-risk factors aqondakalayo nhlobo.

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ukuba nama-risk factors akusho ukuthi uzokuthola ikhansi ngokuqinisekile. Amadoda amaningi anama-risk factors amaningi awazutholi ikhansi, kanti amanye anama-risk factors angaziwa ayayithola.

Nini Okufanele Ubone Udokotela Ngenxa Yokukhathazeka Ngobuhlungu Bekhansi Lebele?

Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uqaphela noma yiluphi uhlangothi olusha, ukukhuluphala, noma ukushintsha endaweni yebhele lakho. Ukubheka ngokushesha kuhlale kungcono kunokulinda nokukhathazeka.

Hlela i-aphoyintimenti ezinsukwini ezimbalwa uma uhlangabezana nanoma yikuphi ukushintsha okumi kwebhele, ukukhishwa kwesihloko, noma ukushintsha kwesikhumba esifubeni sakho. Ungazizwa uhluphekile - odokotela bayeqeqeshwe kahle ukuhlola lezi zikhathazo ngokuchwephesha nangomusa.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uqaphela ukushintsha okusheshayo, njengokukhula okusheshayo kwezibopho, ukukhuluphala okukhulu, noma noma yikuphi ukukhishwa okunegazi. Lezi zimpawu zidinga ukubhekwa ngokushesha ukuze kuvinjwe izimo ezingathi sína.

Khumbula, izibopho eziningi zebele emadodeni azilona ikhansi. Udokotela wakho angenza ukuhlolwa okulula futhi angase ahlomule ukuhlolwa kwezithombe noma ezinye izilingo ukuze aqonde imbangela yezimpawu zakho.

Ziyini Izingozi Zokuthola Ubuhlungu Bekhansi Lebele Emadodeni?

Ukuqonda izingozi zakho kungakusiza ukuthi uhlale uqaphile izimpawu ezingase zivele futhi ukhulume ngokuhlolwa okufanele nodokotela wakho. Ezinye izingozi awukwazi ukuzishintsha, kanti ezinye zingase ziguqulwe ngokukhetha indlela yokuphila.

Izingozi ezingashintshi zifaka phakathi:

• Ubudala obungaphezu kweminyaka engama-60
• Ukushintsha kwe-genetic (BRCA1, BRCA2, noma ezinye)
• Umlando womndeni onamandla wekhansi lebele noma yekhansi ye-ovary
• I-Klinefelter syndrome noma ezinye izimo ze-genetic
• Ukwelashwa ngeradieysheni ngaphambili esifubeni
• Izimo ze-testicular ezithinta ukukhiqizwa kwama-hormone

Izingozi ezingase ziguqulwe zifaka phakathi:

• Ukukhuluphala, okungandisa amazinga e-estrogen
• Ukusebenzisa utshwala ngokweqile
• Ubuhlungu bolwemi
• Ukusebenzisa imithi ethile ehlanganisa i-estrogen

Ukuba nezingozi eziningi akusho ukuthi uzokuthola ikhansi, futhi amadoda amaningi anekhansini lebele anazo izingozi ezimbalwa noma azinazo nhlobo. Okubalulekile ukuhlala uqaphile umzimba wakho futhi ugcine ukunakekelwa kwezempilo okuvamile.

Ziyini Izingozi Ezingase Zenzeke Ngenxa Yekhansi Lebele Emadodeni?

Njenganoma yikuphi ikhansi, ikhansi lebele emadodeni ingase iholele ezingozini uma ingelashwa ngokushesha. Noma kunjalo, ngokutholakala ngokushesha nokwelashwa okufanele, ezinye zalezi zingozi zingavikeleka noma ziphathwe kahle.

Ingozi ephambili ukusabalala kwekhansini, lapho amaseli ekhansi esakazeka ezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Izindawo ezivamile zihlanganisa ama-lymph nodes aseduze, amathambo, isibindi, amaphaphu, noma ubuchopho. Kungakho ukutholakala ngokushesha nokwelashwa kubalulekile kangaka.

Izingozi ezihlobene nokwelashwa zingase zihlanganise imiphumela emibi yokuhlinzwa, njengokubuhlungu, ukukhuluphala, noma ukunyakaza okulinganiselwe kwenduku ngemuva kokususwa kwama-lymph nodes. I-chemotherapy ne-radiation therapy zingase zibangele imiphumela emibi yesikhashana, kufaka phakathi ukukhathala, isisindo, noma ukucasuka kwesikhumba.

Amadoda amanye angase abe nezinkinga zomzwelo, kufaka phakathi ukukhathazeka, ukucindezeleka, noma ukukhathazeka ngomfanekiso womzimba ngemuva kokwelashwa. Lezi mizwa zivamile futhi zingathathwa ngokusekelwa okufanele nokunconywa.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi amadoda amaningi anekhansini lebele yesigaba sokuqala anawo imiphumela emihle. Ukulandelela njalo ukunakekelwa kusiza ukuthola nokuphatha noma yikuphi ukuphazamiseka ngokushesha.

Ubuhlungu Bekhansi Lebele Emadodeni Butholakala Kanjani?

Ukuxilongwa kuvame ukuqala ngokuhlolwa komzimba lapho udokotela wakho ehlala efuna izibopho noma ezinye izinguquko ethishwini lebele lakho nama-lymph nodes aseduze. Lokhu kuhlolwa kokuqala kusiza ukuqonda ukuthi yiziphi ezinye izivivinyo ezingase zidingeke.

Udokotela wakho uzokhombisa izivivinyo zezithombe ukuze uthole isithombe esicacile sokuthi kwenzekani. I-mammogram, esebenzisa i-X-rays ukuhlola ithishu lebele, ngokuvamile iyisivivinyo sokuqala sezithombe. I-ultrasound ingase futhi isetshenziswe ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwama-masses aqinile nama-cysts agcwele uketshezi.

Uma izithombe zikhombisa okuthile okungathandeki, uzodinga i-biopsy ukuze ubone ukuthi amaseli ekhansi akhona yini. Phakathi nalesi senzo, isampula encane yethishu isuswa ngenhlanzi bese ihlolwa ngaphansi komkhiqizo ngumchwepheshe wezokwelapha.

Ezinye izivivinyo zingase zihlanganise umsebenzi wegazi ukuze uhlole impilo yonke kanye nama-tumor markers athile. Uma ikhansi iqinisekiswe, ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo kunquma isigaba futhi kusiza ukuqondisa izinqumo zokwelashwa.

Inqubo yokuxilongwa ingase izizwe icindezele, kodwa yonke inyathelo linikeza ulwazi olubalulekile olusiza iqembu lakho lezokwelapha ukwakha uhlelo lokwelashwa oluphumelelayo olufanele isimo sakho.

Yini Ukwelashwa Kwekhansini Lebele Emadodeni?

Ukuphathwa kwekhansi lebele emadodeni kufana nokuphathwa kwekhansi lebele kwabesifazane futhi kuncike ezintweni ezinjengesigaba sekhansini, usayizi, kanye nezici ezithile. Iqembu lakho le-oncology lizokwakha uhlelo lokwelashwa olufanele isimo sakho.

Ukuhlinzwa ngokuvamile kuyindlela yokuqala yokwelashwa. Amadoda amaningi enza i-mastectomy, esusa ithishu lebele, isihloko, nesikhumba esizungezile. Njengoba amadoda enethishu lebele encane kunabesifazane, lo msebenzi ngokuvamile uyindlela ephumelelayo yokususa wonke amaseli ekhansi.

Ezinye izindlela zokwelashwa zingase zihlanganise:

• I-Chemotherapy ukubhubhisa amaseli ekhansi kulo lonke umzimba
• I-Radiation therapy ukuqondisa noma yimaphi amaseli ekhansi asale endaweni yesifuba
• I-Hormone therapy uma ikhansi inomphumela we-hormone
• Imithi ye-Targeted therapy ehlasela izici ezithile zamaseli ekhansi

Ukuhlanganiswa okuthile kwezindlela zokwelashwa kuncike ezicini zekhansini yakho kanye nempilo yakho yonke. Iqembu lakho lezokwelapha lizokucacisela ngayo yonke indlela yokwelashwa ecebiswayo, kufaka phakathi izinzuzo nemiphumela emibi.

Izikhathi zokutakula ziyahluka, kodwa amadoda amaningi abuyela emisebenzini evamile ngaphakathi kwamasonto ambalwa kuya ezinyangeni ngemuva kokwelashwa. Iqembu lakho lezokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizolandelela intuthuko yakho eduze futhi lilungise ukwelashwa uma kudingeka.

Ungayiphatha Kanjani Inkonzo Ekhaya Phakathi Kokwelashwa?

Ukukhathalela wena ekhaya kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuphileni kwakho nasempilweni yonke phakathi kokwelashwa. Izindlela ezilula zingakusiza ukuphatha imiphumela emibi futhi ugcine amandla akho kulo lonke inqubo.

Gxila ekudleni ukudla okunomsoco ukuze usekele i-immune system yakho kanye namanqanaba amandla. Ukudla okuncane, okuvamile kuvame ukusebenza kangcono kunokudla okukhulu, ikakhulukazi uma uhlangabezana nesisindo ngenxa yokwelashwa. Hlala uthambile ngokuphuza amanzi amaningi usuku lonke.

Ukuzivocavoca okulula, njengoba kuvunyelwe udokotela wakho, kungakusiza ukugcina amandla nokunciphisa ukukhathala. Ngisho nokuhamba okufushane noma ukwelula okulula kungenza umehluko omkhulu endleleni ozizwa ngayo. Phumula uma kudingeka, futhi ungazicindelisi kakhulu.

Hlola indawo yakho yokuhlinzwa izimpawu zokutheleleka, njengokwanda kobomvu, ukukhuluphala, noma ukukhishwa. Landela yonke imiyalo yokunakekelwa kwezindawo ezilimele ngokucophelela, futhi ungangabazi ukuxhumana neqembu lakho lezokunakekelwa kwezempilo nganoma yikuphi ukukhathazeka.

Phatha impilo yakho yomzwelo ngokuhlala uxhumene nomndeni nabangane abasekelayo. Cabanga ukujoyina iqembu lokusekela lamadoda anekhansini lebele, lapho ungabelana khona ngamava nabanye abaqonda lokho okukudlulayo.

Kufanele Uzilungiselele Kanjani I-Aphoyintimenti Yakho Nodokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-aphoyintimenti yakho kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ulwazi oluwusizo kakhulu futhi uzizwe uqinile ngesikhathi sokuvakasha kwakho. Qala ngokubhala zonke izimpawu zakho, kufaka phakathi ukuthi zaqala nini nanoma yikuphi ukushintsha okuqaphile.

Bula umlando wakho wezokwelapha, kufaka phakathi noma yiziphi izinkinga zebele noma zesifuba ezedlule, umlando womndeni wekhansi, kanye nemithi noma izongezo ezikhona. Lolu lwazi lusiza udokotela wakho ukuqonda isithombe sakho sempilo yonke.

Lungiselela uhlu lwezimpikiswano ofuna ukuzibuza. Imibuzo evamile ingase ihlanganise ukuthi yiziphi izivivinyo ozidingayo, ukuthi imiphumela isho ukuthini, izinketho zokwelashwa ezikhona, nokuthi yini okulindelekile ngesikhathi sokuphulukana. Ungakhathazeki ngokubuza imibuzo eminingi kakhulu - udokotela wakho ufuna ukukusiza ukuqonda isimo sakho.

Cabanga ukuletha umngane noma ilungu lomndeni omethembayo e-aphoyintimenti. Bangakusiza ukukhumbula ulwazi olubalulekile futhi banikeze ukusekelwa komzwelo ngesikhathi esingase sibe yingxoxo ecindzezelayo.

Letha incwadi noma sebenzisa ifoni yakho ukuthatha amanothi ngesikhathi se-aphoyintimenti. Ulwazi lwezokwelapha lungase lube lukhulu, futhi ukuba namanothi abhaliwe kukusiza ukukhumbula imininingwane ebalulekile kamuva.

Iyini Into Ebalulekile Ngobuhlungu Bekhansi Lebele Emadodeni?

Ubuhlungu bekhansi lebele emadodeni buyisimo esingavamile kodwa esiqinisekile, futhi ukutholakala ngokushesha kwenza umehluko omkhulu ekuphumeni kokwelashwa. Nakuba kungase kuzwakale kungavamile noma kukhathazeke ukuthola ukushintsha kwebhele njengendoda, khumbula ukuthi ukufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha kuyisinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu ongakwenza.

Iqiniso elikhuthazayo ukuthi ikhansi lebele emadodeni iyakwelashwa, ikakhulukazi uma itholakala ngokushesha. Amadoda amaningi aqhubeka ephila impilo evamile, enempilo ngemuva kokwelashwa. Imithi yanamuhla inikeza izinketho zokwelashwa eziphumelelayo, futhi ucwaningo oluqhubekayo luyaqhubeka nokuthuthukisa imiphumela.

Hlala uqaphile umzimba wakho futhi ungawunaki ukushintsha endaweni yesifuba sakho. Uma uqaphela noma yini engavamile, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngaphandle kokulibala. Akukho sidingo sokuzizwa uhluphekile - abahlinzeki bezempilo bayeqeqeshwe ukuphatha lezi zikhathazo ngokuchwephesha nangomusa.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuba nezingozi akusho ukuthi uzokuthola ikhansi, futhi amadoda amaningi anekhansini lebele ayenazo izingozi ezaziwa. Okubalulekile ukuhlala unolwazi, ugcine ukunakekelwa kwezempilo okuvamile, futhi uthathe isinyathelo ngokushesha uma uqaphela noma yikuphi ukushintsha okukhathazayo.

Imibuzo Evamile Ngobuhlungu Bekhansi Lebele Emadodeni

UMbuzo 1: Ubuhlungu Bekhansi Lebele Emadodeni Buvamile Kangakanani?

Ubuhlungu bekhansi lebele emadodeni buhlanganisa abantu abangaphansi kuka-1% lazo zonke izimo zekhansi lebele. Cishe indoda eyi-1 ku-833 izokuthola ikhansi lebele phakathi nokuphila kwayo, uma kuqhathaniswa nabesifazane abangaba yi-1 ku-8. Nakuba kungavamile, kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi kwenzeka futhi kufanele kuthathwe ngokungathi sína uma izimpawu zivele.

UMbuzo 2: Ingabe amadoda amancane angathola ikhansi lebele?

Yebo, nakuba kungavamile kakhulu emadodeni amancane. Ubuhlungu bekhansi lebele emadodeni ngokuvamile bulimaza amadoda aneminyaka engaphezu kwama-60, iminyaka yobudala yokuqala iyisilinganiso esingaba yi-68. Noma kunjalo, ingase ibe khona kunoma iyiphi iminyaka, kufaka phakathi emadodeni aseminyaka engama-20, 30, nama-40, ikakhulukazi uma kukhona izici ze-genetic ezihilelekile.

UMbuzo 3: Ingabe ikhansi lebele emadodeni liqine kakhulu kunaleyo kwabesifazane?

Ubuhlungu bekhansi lebele emadodeni abulona oluqine kakhulu ngokwemvelo, kodwa kungase kubonakale kanjalo ngoba ngokuvamile luxilongwa esigabeni esisodwa. Amadoda angase alibale ukufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngezibopho zebele, ecabanga ukuthi ikhansi lebele lilimaza abesifazane kuphela. Uma luxilongwe futhi luphathwe esigabeni esifanayo, imiphumela ivame ukufana phakathi kwamadoda nabesifazane.

UMbuzo 4: Ingabe ukushintsha indlela yokuphila kunganciphisa ingozi yekhansi lebele emadodeni?

Nakuba ungakwazi ukushintsha izici ze-genetic, ukugcina indlela yokuphila enempilo kungakusiza ukunciphisa ingozi yakho. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukugcina isisindo esinempilo, ukulinganisela ukusetshenziswa kotshwala, ukuhlala usebenza ngokomzimba, nokulandela ukudla okulinganiselayo. Noma kunjalo, izimo eziningi zenzeka emadodeni angenazo izingozi ezingashintshwa.

UMbuzo 5: Ingabe ngizodinga ukwelashwa okufanayo njengabesifazane abanekhansi lebele?

Izindlela zokwelashwa zifana kakhulu phakathi kwamadoda nabesifazane abanekhansi lebele. Umehluko omkhulu ukuthi amadoda ngokuvamile enza i-mastectomy kunokwelashwa okuhlala kuqondene nebele, njengoba amadoda enethishu lebele encane. I-Chemotherapy, i-radiation, i-hormone therapy, kanye nezindlela zokwelashwa eziqondiswe ziyalandela imiyalelo efanayo kungakhathaliseki ubulili.