Meningioma
Uhlolojikelele
Iziciko ezintathu ze-membranes ezibizwa ngokuthi yi-meninges zivikela ubuchopho kanye nomgogodla. I-layer yangaphakathi ebuthakathaka yi-pia mater. I-layer ephakathi yi-arachnoid, i-web-like structure egcwele i-fluid evikela ubuchopho. I-layer yangaphandle eqinile ibizwa ngokuthi yi-dura mater.
Iningi le-meningiomas likhula kancane kakhulu. Lingakhula iminyaka eminingi ngaphandle kokubangela izimpawu. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi, imiphumela yalo kuma-tissue e-brain aseduze, ama-nerves noma ama-vessels ingabangela ukukhubazeka okukhulu.
I-Meningiomas ivela kakhulu kwabesifazane. Zitholakala kaningi ebudaleni. Kodwa zingahle zenzeke kunoma iyiphi iminyaka.
Ngenxa yokuthi iningi le-meningiomas likhula kancane, ngokuvamile ngaphandle kwezimpawu, awudingi ukwelashwa ngokushesha. Esikhundleni salokho, kungahlolwa isikhathi eside.
Izimpawu
Amakhambi e-meningioma aqala kaningi kancane. Kungase kube nzima ukuwaqaphela ekuqaleni. Amakhambi angase ahluke kuye ngokuthi i-meningioma ikuphi ebuchosheni. Ngokungavamile, ingaba esigxotsheni. Amakhambi angafaka: Ukushintsha kokubona, njengokubona okubili noma ukuphazanyiswa. Izinhlungu zikhanda ezibuhlungu kakhulu ekuseni. Ukwehluleka kokuzwa noma ukukhala ezindlebeni. Uklahlekelwa khona kwekhumbulo. Ukwehluleka kokunuka. Ukuhlushwa yizigwegwe. Ubuthakathaka ezingalweni noma emilenzeni. Ukukhuluphala kokukhuluma. Iningi lamakhambi e-meningioma liza kancane. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi i-meningioma idinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha. Funani ukunakekelwa okuphaphandayo uma une: Ukuqala ngokuzumayo kwezigwegwe. Ukushintsha ngokuzumayo kokubona noma ikhumbulo. Yenza i-aphoyintimenti ukubona udokotela wakho uma unemikhambi ehlala isikhathi eside ekukhathazayo, njengezinhlungu zikhanda eziya zibuhlungu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngokuvamile, ngoba i-meningiomas ayibangeli noma yimaphi amakhambi owaqaphela, itholakala kuphela kuskena somfanekiso oluenziwe ngezizathu ezihlukile.
Isikhathi sokubona udokotela
Izimpawu eziningi ze-meningioma ziqala kancane kancane. Kodwa ngezinye izikhathi i-meningioma idinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha. Funani ukunakekelwa okuphaphandwayo uma una:
- Ukuqala ngokuzumayo kokubamba.
- Ukushintsha ngokuzumayo kokubona noma kukhumbula. Yenza i-aphoyintimenti ukubona udokotela wakho uma unawo izimpawu ezihlala isikhathi eside ezikukhathazayo, njengokuhlunguluka kwekhanda okuya kubi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ngokuvamile, ngoba i-meningiomas ayibangeli zimpawu oziqaphela, itholakala kuphela ngeskena somfanekiso esenziwe ngezizathu ezingezona lezo. Bhalisa mahhala bese uthola olunye ulwazi mayelana nokwelashwa, ukuxilongwa nokuhlinzwa kokungcola ebuchosheni.
Izimbangela
Akuqondakali ukuthi yini ebangela i-meningioma. Ochwepheshe bayazi ukuthi kukhona okuthile okuthinta ezinye izicubu ezingaphakathi kwengqondo. Lokhu kuguquka kubenza bazinze ngokungapheli. Lokhu kuholela kwi-meningioma.
Ukubhekana nokuvezwa kuringeni njengengane yiyona kuphela into ebonakala iyingozi yemvelo yokuthola i-meningioma. Alikho ubufakazi obuhle obubonisa ukuthi i-meningiomas ivela ngenxa yokusetshenziswa kwefoni.
Izici eziyingozi
Izimbangela ezingozi ze-meningioma zihlanganisa:
- Ukuphathwa ngomgogodla. Ukwelashwa ngomgogodla okuhilela ikhanda kungase kukhulise ingozi ye-meningioma.
- Amahomoni esifazane. I-Meningiomas ivame kakhulu kwabesifazane. Lokhu kungase kusho ukuthi amahomoni esifazane angase adlale indima. Amanye ama-study nawo aye aphakamisa ubudlelwano phakathi komdlavuza webele nengozi ye-meningioma ehlobene nendima yamahomoni. Ucwaningo oluthile luphakamisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kokulawulwa kokuzala komlomo nokwelashwa kwamahomoni kungase kukhulise ingozi yokukhula kwe-meningioma.
- Isimo esidluliselwe ngezofu esiphathelene nezinzwa. Isimo esingavamile i-neurofibromatosis 2 sikhulise ingozi ye-meningioma nezinye izigwaca zobuchopho.
- Ukukhuluphala. I-body mass index (BMI) ephakeme iyimbangela engozi yezinhlobo eziningi zomdlavuza. Izifundo eziningi ezinkulu zithole ukuthi i-meningiomas ivela kaningi kubantu abakhuluphala. Kodwa-ke, ubudlelwano phakathi kokukhuluphala ne-meningiomas abucaci.
Izingqinamba
I-meningioma kanye nokuphathwa kwayo kungaholela ezingxakaveni zesikhathi eside. Ukuphathwa kuvame ukubandakanya ukuhlinzwa kanye nokwelashwa ngomgogodla. Izingxaki ezingase zenzeke zihlanganisa:
- Ukuphazamiseka kokugxila.
- Uklahlekelwa khona kwekhumbulo.
- Ukushintsha komuntu siqu.
- Ukubamba.
- Ubuthakathaka.
- Ukushintsha kwemizwa.
- Ukuphazamiseka kolwimi.
Uchwepheshe wakho wezempilo angaphatha ezinye zezingxaki futhi akukhombe kubachwepheshe ukuze bakusize ukubhekana nezinye izingxaki.
Ukuxilongwa
Lesi skani le-MRI elikhuthazekiswe yi-contrast likhanda lomuntu libonisa i-meningioma. Le meningioma ikhulile ngokwanele ukucindezela phansi kumafutha e-brain.
I-meningioma ingaba nzima ukuyihluza ngoba i-tumor ivame ukukhula kancane. Izimpawu ze-meningioma zingase zibe buthakathaka futhi zicatshangelwe njengezinye izimo zempilo noma izimpawu zokuguga.
Uma udokotela wakho ophethe ekholelwa ukuthi une-meningioma, ungase uqondiswe kudokotela oqeqeshwe ezimweni zobuchopho ne-spine, obizwa ngokuthi yi-neurologist.
Ukuhluza i-meningioma, i-neurologist iqhuba ukuhlolwa okuhle kakhulu kwe-neurological okulandelelwa yi-imaging test ene-contrast dye, efana nale:
- CT scan. I-CT scans ithwebula izithombe ze-X-ray ezenza izithombe zesigaba sobukhulu bomfanekiso ophelele wobuchopho. Ngezinye izikhathi i-dye esekelwe kwi-iodine isebenziswa ukwenza umfanekiso ube lula ukufunda.
- MRI scan. Ngaleli sifundo se-imaging, i-magnetic field namaza omsakazo akha izithombe zesigaba sezinto ezisebuchopho. I-MRI scans inikeza umfanekiso ophelele kakhulu wobuchopho ne-meningiomas.
Ngezinye izikhathi, isampula ye-tumor ethunyelwe elabhorethri ukuze ifundwe, ebizwa ngokuthi yi-biopsy, ingase idingeke ukukhishwa kwezinye izinhlobo ze-tumors nokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwe-meningioma.
Ukwelashwa
Ukwelapha i-meningioma kuncike ezintweni eziningi, okuhlanganisa:
- Ubukhulu be-meningioma nokuthi ikuphi.
- Izinga lokukhula komdlavuza.
- Iminyaka yakho nempilo yakho jikelele.
- Izinjongo zakho zokwelashwa.
Akuwona wonke umuntu one-meningioma ofuna ukwelashwa ngokushesha. I-meningioma encane, ekhula kancane engabangeli izimpawu ingadingi ukwelashwa.
Uma uhlelo lungelona ukwelashwa kwe-meningioma, cishe uzoba nokukhenywa kwengqondo ngezikhathi ezithile ukuhlola i-meningioma yakho nokubheka izimpawu zokuthi ikhula.
Uma umhlinzeki wakho wezinsizakalo zezempilo ethola ukuthi i-meningioma ikhula futhi idinga ukwelashwa, unezinketho eziningi zokwelapha.
Uma i-meningioma ibangela izimpawu noma ibonisa izimpawu zokuthi ikhula, ochwepheshe bakho bezempilo bangase baphakamise ukuhlinzwa.
Odokotela abenza ukuhlinzwa basebenza ukuze basuse yonke i-meningioma. Kodwa ngoba i-meningioma ingase ibe eduze kwemizimba ebuthakathaka engqondweni noma e-spinal cord, akuvamile ukususa yonke imdlavuza. Khona-ke, odokotela abenza ukuhlinzwa basusa okuningi kwe-meningioma ngangokunokwenzeka.
Uhlobo lokwelashwa, uma kukhona, oludinga ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kuncike ezintweni eziningi.
- Uma kungekho mdlavuza obonakalayo oseleyo, khona-ke akunakudingeka ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo. Kodwa uzoba nokukhenywa okuqhubekayo ngezikhathi ezithile.
- Uma umdlavuza ulungile futhi ingxenye encane nje esele, khona-ke ochwepheshe bakho bezempilo bangase baphakamise ukukhenywa okuqhubekayo kuphela. Eminye imidlavuza emincane esele ingase iwelashwe ngohlobo lokwelashwa kweradieysheni okuthiwa yi-stereotactic radiosurgery.
- Uma umdlavuza ungajwayelekile noma ungumdlavuza, cishe uzodinga i-radiation.
Ukuhlinzwa kungase kube nezingozi ezihlanganisa ukutheleleka nokuphuza igazi. Izingozi zokuhlinzwa kwakho zizoxhomeka ekutheni i-meningioma yakho ikuphi. Ngokwesibonelo, ukuhlinzwa kokususa i-meningioma eduze komthambo we-optic kungase kube yimbangela yokulahlekelwa umbono. Buza udokotela wakho mayelana nezingozi zokuhlinzwa kwakho.
Uma yonke i-meningioma ingasuswa ngokuhlinzwa, ochwepheshe bakho bezempilo bangase baphakamise ukwelashwa kweradieysheni ngemuva noma esikhundleni sokuhlinzwa.
Injongo yokwelashwa kweradieysheni ukubhubhisa noma yiziphi izicubu ze-meningioma ezisele nokunciphisa amathuba okuthi i-meningioma ibuye ibuyele. Ukwelashwa kweradieysheni kusebenzisa umshini omkhulu ukuqondisa imisebe yamandla aphezulu ezicubwini zomdlavuza.
Ukuthuthuka ekwelapheni kweradieysheni kukhuphula umthamo weradieysheni ku-meningioma ngenkathi kunikeza ukwelashwa okuncane kwesicubu esinempilo. Izinhlobo zokwelashwa kweradieysheni ze-meningiomas zihlanganisa:
- Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS). Lolu hlobo lokwelashwa kweradieysheni luqondisa imisebe eminingi yeradieysheni enamandla endaweni ethile. Naphezu kwegama lalo, i-radiosurgery ayihlanganisi izikali noma ukusika. I-Radiosurgery ngokuvamile yenziwa endaweni yokuhlala kwabantu abangaphandle emahoreni ambalwa. I-Radiosurgery ingase ibe yisinqumo sabantu abane-meningiomas abangasuswa ngokuhlinzwa okuvamile noma nge-meningiomas ebuya naphezu kokwelashwa.
- Fractionated stereotactic radiotherapy (SRT). Lokhu kunikeza i-radiation ngezigaba ezincane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, njengokwelashwa okukodwa ngosuku ngezinsuku ezingu-30. Le ndlela ingase isetshenziswe emidlavuzweni emikhulu kakhulu ye-radiosurgery noma kulabo abasezindaweni lapho i-radiosurgery inamandla kakhulu, njengaseduze komthambo we-optic.
- Intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT). Lokhu kusebenzisa isofthiwe yekhompyutha ukunciphisa ubukhulu beradieysheni endaweni ye-meningioma. Lokhu kungase kusetshenziswe kwi-meningiomas eseduze kwemizimba ebuthakathaka yengqondo noma kulabo abane-shape eyingozi.
- Proton beam radiation. Lokhu kusebenzisa amaprotoni aradioactive aqondiswe ngqo emdlavuzweni. Lolu hlobo lunciphise ukulimala kwesicubu esizungezile umdlavuza.
Ukwelashwa kwemithi, okuthiwa yi-chemotherapy, akusetshenziswa kaningi ekwelapheni i-meningiomas. Kodwa kungase kusetshenziswe uma i-meningioma ingaphenduli ekuhlinzweni nase-radiation.
Akunakho ukwelashwa kwe-chemotherapy okusetshenziswa kabanzi ekwelapheni i-meningiomas. Kodwa abacwaningi bafunda ezinye izindlela ezithile.
Ukwelashwa kwemithi yokuqeda ukugula akuwelaphi i-meningioma. Kodwa ezinye zingase zisize ukunikeza impumuzo ezingozini zokwelashwa. Noma zingase zikusize ukubhekana nokucindezeleka kokuba ne-meningioma.
Ukwelashwa kwemithi yokuqeda ukugula okungase kusize kuhlanganisa:
- Acupuncture.
- Hypnosis.
- Massage.
- Ukucamngca.
- Ukwelashwa ngomculo.
- Ukwenza imizamo yokupumula.
Xoxa ngezinketho nomhlinzeki wakho wezinsizakalo zezempilo.
Ukuxilongwa kwe-meningioma kungaphazamisa impilo yakho. Uya kubona odokotela nochwepheshe bokuhlinzwa njengoba ulungiselela ukwelashwa kwakho. Ukuze ukwazi ukubhekana nalokhu, zama ukwenza lokhu okulandelayo:
- Funda konke ongakwazi nge-meningiomas. Buza iqembu lakho lezempilo lapho ungafunda khona kabanzi nge-meningiomas nezinketho zakho zokwelashwa. Vakashela umtapo wakho wendawo bese ucela umtapo ukuba akusize uthole imithombo elungile yolwazi, kuhlanganise nemithombo eku-inthanethi.
Bhala imibuzo okumele uyibuze ekuqokweni kwakho okulandelayo nochwepheshe bakho bezempilo. Okwengeziwe okwaziyo ngesimo sakho, yilokho okuzokwazi kangcono ukunquma ngokwelashwa kwakho.
- Gcina unakekele. Dla ukudla okunamafutha amaningi ezithelo nemifino. Thola umsebenzi olukhulu nsuku zonke uma ochwepheshe bakho bezempilo bavuma. Thola ubuthongo obanele ukuze uzizwe uphumule.
Ncipha ukucindezeleka ekuphileni kwakho. Gxila kulokho okubalulekile kuwe. Lezi zinyathelo ngeke zikwelaphe i-meningioma yakho. Kodwa zingase zikusize uzizwe kangcono njengoba uya phulukana nokuhlinzwa noma zikusize ukubhekana nokwelashwa kweradieysheni.
Funda konke ongakwazi nge-meningiomas. Buza iqembu lakho lezempilo lapho ungafunda khona kabanzi nge-meningiomas nezinketho zakho zokwelashwa. Vakashela umtapo wakho wendawo bese ucela umtapo ukuba akusize uthole imithombo elungile yolwazi, kuhlanganise nemithombo eku-inthanethi.
Bhala imibuzo okumele uyibuze ekuqokweni kwakho okulandelayo nochwepheshe bakho bezempilo. Okwengeziwe okwaziyo ngesimo sakho, yilokho okuzokwazi kangcono ukunquma ngokwelashwa kwakho.
Kungasiza futhi ukukhuluma nabanye abantu abane-meningiomas. Cabanga ngokujoyina iqembu lokusekela, noma ngokomuntu siqu noma ku-inthanethi. Buza iqembu lakho lezempilo mayelana namaqembu okusekela umdlavuza wengqondo noma i-meningioma endaweni yakho. Noma xhumana ne-American Brain Tumor Association.
Umshwana wokuzihlangula: I-August iyinkundla yolwazi lwezempilo futhi izimpendulo zayo azihlanganisi iseluleko sezokwelapha. Njalo thintana nochwepheshe bezokwelapha onelayisensi eduze nawe ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiluphi ushintsho.