Ukuhlushwa Kwe-Mesenteric Ischemia? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

I-Mesenteric ischemia kwenzeka lapho ukugeleza kwegazi emathunjini akho kunciphisa noma kuvinjelwe. Cabanga ngakho njengokungathi kunesiphazamiso emithanjeni yegazi enikeza uhlelo lwakho lokugaya ukudla nge-oksijini namasondlo.

Lesi simo singaba kusuka kokulula kuya kokubi kakhulu, kuye ngokuthi ukugeleza kwegazi kuthonyeke kangakanani nokuthi kuye kwaphela isikhathi esingakanani. Amathumbu akho adinga ukunikezwa okuzinzile kwegazi elicebile nge-oksijini ukuze asebenze kahle, futhi uma leyonikezo iphazamiseka, kungabangela ukungakhululeki okukhulu futhi kungenze kube nezinkinga ezinkulu uma kungelashwa ngokushesha.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-mesenteric ischemia?

Isimpawu esiyinhloko ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu obuvamise ukuba bukhulu kunalokho odokotela abangakuthola ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa komzimba. Lobu buhlungu buvamise ukuqala ngokuzumayo futhi bungaba bukhulu kakhulu.

Nazi izimpawu ezivamile ongazihlangabezana nazo:

• Ubuhlungu besisu obukhulu obuqala ngokuzumayo
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu ngemva kokudla
• Ukuphefumula nokugabha
• Ukuhlanza noma izisu eziphumile
• Ukukhukhumeka negazi
• Ukuvuvukala kwezimo ezithile

Ezimeni ezingapheli, ungase uqaphele izindlela ezihlukile. Ubuhlungu buvamise ukuvela ngemizuzu engu-15 kuya kwengu-60 ngemva kokudla futhi bungaphela amahora amaningana. Abanye abantu baqala ukugwema ukudla ngoba bahlobana ukudla nobuhlungu, okungabangela ukwehla kobunzima obungathandeki.

Izimpawu ezinkulu kakhulu zingase zivele uma isimo sibe sibi. Lezi zihlanganisa igazi ezintweni zakho, ukuphelelwa amanzi okukhulu, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, kanye nezibonakaliso zokushona njengokukhungatheka noma ukudideka. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi lezi zibonakaliso zezexwayiso, kubalulekile ukufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Ziyini izinhlobo ze-mesenteric ischemia?

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-mesenteric ischemia, nokuqonda umehluko kungakusiza uqonde ukuthi yini engase ibe yenzeka emzimbeni wakho.

I-acute mesenteric ischemia ivele ngokuzumayo futhi ibhekwa njengesiphuthumayo sezokwelapha. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ukugeleza kwegazi emathunjini akho kuqediwe ngokushesha, ngokuvamile ngenxa yokuqina kwegazi noma ukuncipha okukhulu kwemithambo yegazi. Ubuhlungu buqala ngokushesha futhi bungaba bukhulu kakhulu.

I-chronic mesenteric ischemia ithuthuka kancane kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho imithambo yegazi enikeza amathumbu akho inciphisa kancane kancane ngenxa yokwakheka kwe-plaque, okufana nalokho okwenzeka esifweni senhliziyo. Izimpawu zivame ukubikezelwa kakhulu, ngokuvamile zenzeka ngemva kokudla lapho amathumbu akho edinga ukugeleza kwegazi okuningi ukuze agaye ukudla.

Kukhona futhi uhlobo olungavamile oluthiwa yi-non-occlusive mesenteric ischemia. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ukugeleza kwegazi kunciphisa ngenxa kokucindezela kwegazi okuphansi noma imithi ethile, kunokuba kube ukuphahlazeka kwemithambo yegazi.

Yini ebangela i-mesenteric ischemia?

I-Mesenteric ischemia ithuthuka lapho kukhona okuthinta ukugeleza kwegazi okujwayelekile emathunjini akho. Imbangela ephambili ivame ukuxhomekeka ekutheni uhlobo luni olukhona.

Ezimeni ezibukhali, izimbangela ezivamile zihlanganisa:

• Ukuqina kwegazi okuhamba enhliziyweni yakho noma okwenziwa emithanjeni yegazi ye-mesenteric
• Ukunciphisa noma ukugqwala kwemithambo yegazi ngokuzumayo
• Ukucindezela kwegazi okuphansi ngenxa yokushona noma ukuphelelwa amanzi okukhulu
• Imithi ethile ethonya ukusebenza kwemithambo yegazi

I-chronic mesenteric ischemia ngokuvamile ivela ngenxa ye-atherosclerosis. Lona ngumkhondo ofanayo obangela ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo kanye nokushaya, lapho amafutha aqina emithanjeni yakho yegazi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Njengoba lezi zinto ziqina, zinciphisa imithambo yegazi futhi zinciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi emathunjini akho.

Ezinye izimbangela ezingavamile zihlanganisa i-fibromuscular dysplasia, ethinta izindonga zemithambo yegazi, kanye nezinye izimo zokuziphatha komzimba ezibangela ukuvuvukala emithanjeni yegazi. Ukwelashwa ngomgogodla esiswini kungase futhi kube yimbangela yokunciphisa kwemithambo yegazi ye-mesenteric eminyakeni eminingi kamuva.

Nini okufanele ubheke udokotela nge-mesenteric ischemia?

Kufanele ufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nobuhlungu besisu obukhulu obuzumayo, ikakhulu uma kubonakala kungaphezu kwezinye izimpawu. Lolu hlobo lobuhlungu lungaba yisibonakaliso se-acute mesenteric ischemia, eludingayo ukwelashwa okusheshayo.

Shaya u-911 noma uye endlini yokwelapha ngokushesha uma unebuhlungu besisu obukhulu kanye nokuvuvukala, ukugabha, ukuhlanza, noma noma yiziphi izibonakaliso zokuphelelwa amanzi. Ungalindi ukubona ukuthi izimpawu ziyathuthuka ngokwazo.

Ezimeni ezingaphuthumayo, hlela i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho uma uqaphela iphethini yobuhlungu besisu obuvela ngemva kokudla. Lokhu kubalulekile ikakhulu uma uphinde uhlangabezane nokwehla kobunzima obungathandeki noma uma uthola ukuthi uzigwema ukudla ngenxa yobuhlungu.

Uma unezingozi ezifana nesifo senhliziyo, isifo sikashukela, noma umlando wokuqina kwegazi, kufanele uxoxe nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezintsha noma ezingavamile zesisu nodokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Ziyini izingozi ze-mesenteric ischemia?

Izici eziningi zingandisa amathuba akho okukhula kwe-mesenteric ischemia. Ukuqonda lezi zingozi kungakusiza wena nodokotela wakho ukuthi niqaphele izibonakaliso zokuqala.

Izingozi ezibaluleke kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• Iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-60
• Isifo senhliziyo noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile
• Ukucindezela kwegazi okuphezulu
• Isifo sikashukela
• Ikolesterol ephakeme
• Ukubhema noma ukusebenzisa utshaba
• Umlando wangaphambili wokuqina kwegazi

Ezinye izimo zezokwelapha zikhuphula ingozi yakho. Lezi zihlanganisa isifo semithambo yegazi emaphethelweni, lapho ezinye imithambo yegazi emzimbeni wakho inciphisa khona, kanye nezinye izimo ezithinta ukuqina kwegazi njenge-atrial fibrillation.

Imithi ethile ingase ibe nomthelela engcupheni. Imithi yokucindezela kwegazi, ikakhulukazi izinhlobo ezithile, kanye nemithi ethonya ukushaya kwenhliziyo ingase ibe nomthelela kwezinye izimo. Noma kunjalo, ungayeki ukuthatha imithi eyalwe ngudokotela wakho ngaphandle kokukhuluma naye kuqala.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zenzeke ngenxa ye-mesenteric ischemia?

Uma i-mesenteric ischemia ingelashwa ngokushesha, ingabangela izinkinga ezinkulu. Okukhathazayo kakhulu ukungasebenzi kwamathumbu, lapho ingxenye yomthambo wakho ifa khona ngenxa yokuntuleka kokugeleza kwegazi.

Nazi izinkinga ezingase zenzeke okumele uzazi:

• Ukufa kwamathambo noma ukufa kwezicubu
• Ukubhoboka kodonga lwamathumbu
• Ukuvuvukala okukhulu noma i-sepsis
• Ukuphelelwa yisondlo ngenxa yezimpawu ezingapheli
• Ukulimala kwamathumbu nokunciphisa

I-chronic mesenteric ischemia ingabangela lokho odokotela abakubiza ngokuthi “ukwesaba ukudla,” lapho uba sesaba ukudla ngenxa yobuhlungu obukubangela. Lokhu kungabangela ukwehla kobunzima obukhulu kanye nokuntuleka kokudla okwanele.

Ezimeni ezibukhali kakhulu, ukutheleleka kungasakazeka kulo lonke umzimba wakho, kubangele i-sepsis, okubulala. Yingakho ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo kubalulekile uma izimpawu zivela ngokuzumayo.

I-mesenteric ischemia ihlonishwa kanjani?

Ukuhlola i-mesenteric ischemia kungaba inselele ngoba izimpawu zingafana nezinye izimo zokugaya ukudla. Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngengxoxo eningiliziwe mayelana nezimpawu zakho nomlando wakho wezokwelapha.

Ukuhlolwa komzimba kungase kungavezi lutho ekuqaleni, okuyisikhuthazo ngokwalo. Uma umuntu enobhlungu besisu obukhulu kodwa isisu sizizwa sijwayelekile uma silithinta, kungase kubonise inkinga yemithambo yegazi njenge-mesenteric ischemia.

Izivivinyo eziningi zingasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuxilongwa. I-CT angiography ngokuvamile iyisinqumo sokuqala ngoba ingabonisa kokubili imithambo yegazi namathumbu ngokucacile. Lesi sivivinyo sihlanganisa ukufaka umbala wokuphambuka nokuthatha izithombe ze-X-ray eziningiliziwe.

Ezinye izivivinyo udokotela wakho angase azilahle zihlanganisa izivivinyo zegazi ukuhlola izibonakaliso zokutheleleka noma ukonakala kwezicubu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi i-MRI angiogram yokubuka okuhlukile kwemithambo yegazi. Kwezinye izimo, inqubo ebizwa nge-conventional angiography ingase idingeke, lapho ipayipi elincane lifakwa emithanjeni yakho yegazi ukuze uthole izithombe eziningiliziwe kakhulu.

Ukuphathwa kwe-mesenteric ischemia kuyini?

Ukuphathwa kwe-mesenteric ischemia kuncike ekutheni unefomu elibukhali noma elingapheli, nokuthi isimo sakho sibubi kangakanani. Isizathu sihlala siwukubuyisela ukugeleza kwegazi emathunjini akho ngokushesha ngangokunokwenzeka.

Nge-acute mesenteric ischemia, ukwelashwa ngokuvamile kuyaphuthuma. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise imithi yokuxazulula ukuqina kwegazi, izinqubo zokuvula imithambo yegazi evaliwe, noma ukuhlinzwa kokususa izicubu ezifile noma ukudlula imithambo yegazi evaliwe.

I-chronic mesenteric ischemia ngokuvamile idinga izinqubo zokuthuthukisa ukugeleza kwegazi. Lezi zingase zihlanganise i-angioplasty, lapho ibhaluni encane ivula khona imithambo yegazi ecindezelekile, noma izinqubo zokuhlinzwa zokudlula ezidala izindlela ezintsha zegazi ukuze lifike emathunjini akho.

Imithi idlala indima ebalulekile yokusekela ekwelapheni. Ungase uthole imithi yokunciphisa ukuqina kwegazi ukuvimbela ukuqina okusha, imithi yokuthuthukisa ukugeleza kwegazi, noma ama-antibiotic uma kukhona ukukhathazeka ngokutheleleka.

Kwezinye izimo, ikakhulu uma izicubu zifile, ukuhlinzwa kungase kudingeke ukususa izingxenye zamathumbu ezithintekile. Iqembu lakho lokuhlinzwa lizozama ukulondoloza izicubu eziningi ezempilo ngangokunokwenzeka ngenkathi liqinisekisa ukuphepha kwakho.

Ungaphatha kanjani izimpawu ekhaya ngesikhathi se-mesenteric ischemia?

Nakuba i-mesenteric ischemia idinga ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha, kunezinto ezithile ongazenza ekhaya ukuze usize ukuphatha izimpawu zakho nokusekela ukuphulukiswa kwakho.

Uma une-chronic mesenteric ischemia, ukudla ukudla okuncane, okuvamile kungasiza ukunciphisa isidingo sohlelo lwakho lokugaya ukudla. Ukudla okukhulu kudinga ukugeleza kwegazi okuningi emathunjini akho, okungenza ubuhlungu bube sibi.

Hlala uthola amanzi anele, ikakhulu uma uhlangabezana nokuphefumula noma ukuhlanza. Phuza amanzi noma izinto ezihlanzekile usuku lonke kunokuba uphuze inani elikhulu ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Gwema ukudla okunzima ukukugaya noma okubonakala kubangela izimpawu zakho. Abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi ukudla okunemafutha noma okunefayibha okuningi kungenza izimpawu zibe sibi.

Kodwa kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ukuphathwa ekhaya akuyona isixazululo sokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okufanele. Uma izimpawu zakho zinkulu noma ziya sibi, funa ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha kunokuba uzame ukuziphatha wedwa.

I-mesenteric ischemia ingavikeleka kanjani?

Nakuba ungakwazi ukuvimbela zonke izimo ze-mesenteric ischemia, ungathatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa ingozi yakho, ikakhulu ngefomu elingapheli. Izindlela eziningi zokuvimbela zigxile ekugcineni impilo enhle yemithambo yegazi.

Izinyathelo ezibaluleke kakhulu zokuvimbela zihlanganisa:

• Ukuyeka ukubhema noma ukugwema ukusebenzisa utshaba
• Ukuphatha ukucindezela kwegazi okuphezulu
• Ukulawula isifo sikashukela
• Ukugcina amazinga ekolesterol empilweni
• Ukuhlala usebenza ngokomzimba
• Ukudla ukudla okunempilo yomzimba

Uma unezimo zenhliziyo njenge-atrial fibrillation, ukuthatha imithi eyalwe ngudokotela yokunciphisa ukuqina kwegazi njengoba kuyalwe kungasiza ukuvimbela ukuqina okungase kuye emithanjeni yakho yamathumbu.

Ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile nodokotela wakho kubalulekile, ikakhulu uma unezingozi eziningi. Ukutholwa kwangaphambili nokuphathwa kwesifo senhliziyo kungasiza ukuvimbela izinkinga njenge-mesenteric ischemia.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho nodokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-aphoyintimenti yakho kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi udokotela wakho uthola lonke ulwazi olufunekayo ukuze enze ukuxilongwa okuchaneka. Qala ngokubhala izimpawu zakho ngokuningiliziwe, kuhlanganise nokuthi zaqala nini nokuthi yini ezenza zibe ngcono noma zibe sibi.

Gcina uqaphele ukuthi izimpawu zakho zenzeka nini ngokuqondene nokudla. Qaphela ukuthi ubuhlungu buqala nini ngemva kokudla, noma uma kunokulibaziseka. Bhala futhi isikhathi eside ubuhlungu buhlala futhi yini esisiza ekuqedeni.

Yenza uhlu lwemithi yonke oyithathayo, kuhlanganise nemithi yokuthengwa ngaphandle komthetho kanye nezinhlanganisela. Letha lo luhlu nawe e-aphoyintimenti.

Bhala imibuzo yakho ngaphambi kokuba uhambe. Ungase ufune ukubuza mayelana nokuthi yiziphi izivivinyo ezidingekayo, ukuthi imbangela enkulu yezimpawu zakho iyini, nokuthi yiziphi izinketho zokwelapha ezitholakalayo.

Uma kungenzeka, letha ilungu lomndeni noma umngani nawe. Bangakusiza ukuba ukhumbule ulwazi olubalulekile futhi banikeze ukwesekwa ngesikhathi esingase sibe yisikhathi esicindezelayo.

Iyini into ebaluleke kakhulu mayelana ne-mesenteric ischemia?

I-Mesenteric ischemia yisimo esinzima esidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo, kodwa ngokwelashwa okufanele, abantu abaningi bangaphulukiswa kahle. Okubalulekile ukuqaphela izimpawu ngokushesha nokufuna ukunakekelwa okufanele.

Uma uhlangabezana nobuhlungu besisu obukhulu obuzumayo, ungangabazi ukufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo. Ngezimpawu ezingapheli ezivela ngemva kokudla, hlela i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho ukuxoxa ngezinkinga zakho.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuphatha izingozi zakho zemithambo yegazi kungasiza ukuvimbela lesi simo. Ukushintsha okulula kokuphila njengokuyeka ukubhema, ukulawula ukucindezela kwegazi, nokuhlala usebenza kungenza umehluko omkhulu empilweni yakho yonke yemithambo yegazi.

Nakuba i-mesenteric ischemia ingesaba, ukuthuthuka ekwelapheni kwezokwelapha kusho ukuthi izimo eziningi zingaphathwa ngempumelelo, ikakhulu uma zitholakala ngokushesha. Themba izinzwa zakho mayelana nezimpawu zakho futhi ungangabazi ukufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha uma kukhona okungazizwa kulungile.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwa mayelana ne-mesenteric ischemia

Ingaphiliswa ngokuphelele yini i-mesenteric ischemia?

Yebo, izimo eziningi ze-mesenteric ischemia zingaphathwa ngempumelelo, ikakhulu uma zitholakala ngokushesha. Izimo ezibukhali ngokuvamile ziphendula kahle izinqubo ezibusisa ukugeleza kwegazi, kuyilapho izimo ezingapheli zingaphathwa ngokushintsha kokuphila nokungenelela kwezokwelapha. Okubalulekile ukuthola ukwelashwa okufanele ngaphambi kokuba izinkinga zivele.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphulukiswa ekwelapheni kwe-mesenteric ischemia?

Isikhathi sokuphulukiswa sihluka kuye ngokubukhulu kwesimo sakho nohlobo lokwelashwa olutholakala. Izinqubo ezincane zingase zidinga izinsuku ezimbalwa zokubuyela, kuyilapho ukuhlinzwa kungase kuthathe amasonto amaningana. Udokotela wakho uyonika isikhathi esicacile esisekelwe esimweni sakho somuntu siqu nelenkaneli lokwelapha.

I-mesenteric ischemia ihlala ibuhlungu yini?

Nakuba ubuhlungu besisu obukhulu buyisibonakaliso esivamile, abanye abantu abane-chronic mesenteric ischemia bangase bahlangabezane nokungakhululeki okuncane noma baqaphele izimpawu ezifana nokwehla kobunzima nokugwema ukudla. Noma kunjalo, izimo ezibukhali cishe zihlala zihlanganisa ubuhlungu obukhulu obudinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo.

Ukushintsha kokudla kungasiza yini nge-mesenteric ischemia?

Ukushintsha kokudla kungasiza ekuphatheni izimpawu ze-chronic mesenteric ischemia, njengokudla ukudla okuncane, okuvamile nokugwema ukudla okunzima ukukugaya. Noma kunjalo, ukushintsha kokudla kudwa akukwazi ukwelapha inkinga yemithambo yegazi. Ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kuyadingeka ukubuyisela ukugeleza kwegazi okufanele emathunjini akho.

Kwenzekani uma i-mesenteric ischemia ingelashwa?

I-Mesenteric ischemia engelashwa ingabangela izinkinga ezinkulu ezihlanganisa ukufa kwezicubu zamathumbu, ukubhoboka, nokutheleleka okubulala. Izimo ezingapheli zingabangela ukuphelelwa yisondlo okukhulu nobuhlungu obuqhubekayo. Yingakho kubalulekile ukufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma izimpawu zivela, ikakhulu uma zinkulu noma zivela ngokuzumayo.