Uketshezi Lokutheleka

Ukuqabukela ubisi kuyindlela engajwayelekile yempendulo yesistimu yomzimba kubisi nakwimikhiqizo equkethe ubisi. Kuyinye yezinto ezivame kakhulu zokungazizwa ukudla kubantwana. Ubisi lwenkomo yilona ibanga elivamile lokuqabukela ubisi, kodwa ubisi oluvela ezinweleni, ezimbuzini, eembongolweni nakwezinye izilwane ezifuyo lungabangela nesimo esibi.

Ukuqabukela okungumfuziselo kuvame ukuvela ngokushesha nje uma wena noma ingane yakho inqaba ubisi. Izimpawu zokungazizwa ubisi zihluka kusuka kokulula kuya kokukhulu futhi zingafaka ukuhlabahlaba, ukugabha, amaqanda nobunzima bokugaya. Ukuqabukela ubisi kungabangela ne-anaphylaxis - isici esibi, esisongela impilo.

Ukugwema ubisi nemikhiqizo yobisi yilona yona ukwelashwa okuyinhloko lokuqabukela ubisi. Ngenhlanhla, abantwana abaningi bakhula beqabukela ubisi. Labo abangakhuli bakhula bangadinga ukuqhubeka begwema imikhiqizo yobisi.

Amasimptomu wokungezwani nobisi, ahlukahluka kumuntu ngamuntu, abonakala ngemizuzu embalwa kuya emahoreni ambalwa ngemva kokuba wena noma ingane yakho inathe ubisi noma ukudla ukudla okwenziwe ngobisi.

Amasimptomu namalebula okuqala okungezwani nobisi angafaka:

• I-Hives
• Ukuphefumula
• Ukukhahlela noma ukukhahlela okuzungezile emlonyeni noma emlonyeni
• Ukukhula kwamazinyo, olulimi noma umlomo
• Ukukhokha noma ukuphefumula okunzima
• Ukukhokha

Amasimptomu namalebula angathatha isikhathi eside ukuthuthukisa afaka:

• Izisu eziqhekekile noma isifo sohudo, esingaba negazi
• Ukugcwala kwesisu
• Ukuphefumula kwesinhlungu
• Amehlo amanzi
• I-Colic, ezinganeni

Bona udokotela wakho noma uchwepheshe we-allergy uma wena noma ingane yakho inezimpawu zokungezwani nobisi ngokushesha ngemva kokusebenzisa ubisi. Uma kungenzeka, bona udokotela wakho phakathi kokusabela kokungezwani ukuze usize ukwenza ukuxilongwa. Funani ukwelashwa okuphaphandayo uma wena noma ingane yakho inezimpawu noma izimpawu ze-anaphylaxis.

Zonke i-allergies yokudla yangempela ibangelwa yi-malfunction yesistimu yokukhusela umzimba. Uma une-allergy yobisi, i-immune system yakho ihlonza ama-protein athile obisi njengonakalisayo, iqhuba ukukhiqizwa kwama-antibodies e-immunoglobulin E (IgE) ukuze ihlukanise i-protein (i-allergen). Lapho uqala ukuxhumana nalezi zinto, ama-antibodies e-immunoglobulin E (IgE) ayawabona futhi athumele isignali yesistimu yakho yokukhusela umzimba ukuba ikhiphe i-histamine nezinye izinto, ibangele uchungechunge lwezimpawu nezimpawu ze-allergic.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zamaprotheni obisi lenkomo ezingabangela ukusabela kwe-allergic:

• I-Casein, etholakala engxenyeni eqinile (i-curd) yobisi oluqina
• I-Whey, etholakala engxenyeni elukhuni yobisi esele ngemuva kokuba ubisi luqine

Wena noma ingane yakho ningase nibe ne-allergy kuphela kweprotein elilodwa lebisi noma kokubili. Lezi zinto zingase zibe nzima ukuzigwema ngoba zitholakala nakukudleni okucutshunguliwe. Futhi abantu abaningi abasabela ebisi lenkomo bayosabela ebisi lezimvu, izimbuzi neenkomo.

Izici ezithile zingandisa ingozi yokuthuthukisa ukwanda kokungezwani nobisi:

• Ukungezwani kwezinye izinto. Abantwana abaningi abangezwani nobisi banokungezwani kwezinye izinto. Ukungezwani nobisi kungase kuqale ngaphambi kokungezwani kwezinye izinto.
• I-Atopic dermatitis. Abantwana abane-atopic dermatitis — ukuvuvukala okuvamile, okuqhubekayo kwesikhumba — banesihloko esikhulu kakhulu sokuthuthukisa ukungezwani kokudla.
• Umlando womndeni. Ingozi yomuntu yokungezwani kokudla iyanda uma enye noma bobabili abazali benokungezwani kokudla noma olunye uhlobo lokungezwani noma isifo sokungahambisani — njenge-hay fever, i-asthma, i-hives noma i-eczema.
• Ubudala. Ukungezwani nobisi kuvamile kakhulu kubantwana. Njengoba bekhula, izisu zabo ziyaphuka, futhi imizimba yabo ayinamkhawulo wokungezwani nobisi.

Abantwana abanawo uketshezi lolwempilo banokuthuthukisa ezinye izinkinga zempilo, okuhlanganisa:

• Ukwehluleka kokudla okwanele. Ngenxa yemikhawulo yokudla nezinselele zokondla, abantwana abanawo uketshezi lolwempilo bangase babe nokuhlazeka kokukhula kanye nokuntuleka kwezinto eziphilayo nezimaminerali.
• Ukuncipha kwekhwalithi yempilo. Ukudla okuningi okuvamile, futhi okungalindelekile, kuqukethe ubisi, okuhlanganisa nezinye izimpahla zesaladi noma ngisho nama-hot dog. Uma wena noma ingane yakho inoketshezi lolwempilo olukhulu, ukugwema ukubonisana nobisi kungase kukhulise amazinga engcindezi noma ukukhathazeka uma kuziwa ekwenzeni izinqumo zokudla.

Asikho isu eliqinisekile lokuvimbela ukungezwani kokudla, kodwa ungavimbela ukusabela ngokuqeda ukudla okubangela lokho. Uma wazi wena noma ingane yakho inokungezwani nobisi, qeda ubisi nemikhiqizo yobisi. Funda imibhalo yemikhiqizo ngokucophelela. Bheka i-casein, umkhiqizo wobisi, ongatholakala ezindaweni ezingalindelekile, njengotshwala oluthile, isoseji noma imikhiqizo engekho ubisi. Buza ngezithako uma u-oda ezindaweni zokudlela.

Uma ukudla kubangela uketshezi lokuxinana, akuhlali kulula ukuthola ukuthi yikuphi ukudla okonawo icala. Ukuhlola ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho ine-allergy yobisi, umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angase:

Angase futhi acebise olunye noma kokubili ukuhlolwa okulandelayo:

Uma ukuhlolwa kwakho nemiphumela yokuhlolwa kungenakukuqinisekisa i-allergy yobisi, umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angase anikeze inselele yokudla ngomlomo, lapho ukuphiwa khona ukudla okuhlukene okungase kube khona noma kungabi khona ubisi ngezinani ezikhulayo ukubona ukuthi uyasabela yini kulawo anawo ubisi. Kuhle ukuba uthole ukuhlolwa kwe-allergy okwenziwa yi-allergist oqeqeshwe ukuphatha izimpendulo ezinzima.

Uma umhlinzeki wakho ecindezela ukuthi izimpawu zakho zibangelwa into engaphandle kwe-allergy yokudla, ungase udinga ezinye izivivinyo ukuze ubone - noma ukhanyise - ezinye izinkinga zezokwelapha.

• Buza imibuzo eningiliziwe mayelana nezibonakaliso nezimpawu

• Yenza ukuhlolwa komzimba

• Ubeke idayari eningiliziwe yokudla okudliwayo wena noma ingane yakho

• Ukhishwe ubisi ekudleni kwakho noma ekudleni kwengane yakho (ukudla kokususwa) - bese ubuyisela ukudla ukuze ubone ukuthi kubangela ukusabela yini

• Ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba. Kulokhu kuhlolwa, isikhumba sakho siqotshiwe futhi sibekwe ezinganeni ezincane zamaprotheni atholakala ebisini. Uma unesifo se-allergy, cishe uzophumelela isiqephu esiphakanyisiwe (isilonda) endaweni yokuhlolwa esikhumbeni sakho. Ochwepheshe be-allergy ngokuvamile baqeqeshwe kangcono ukwenza nokuhumusha ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba se-allergy. Khumbula ukuthi lo mkhuba wokuhlola awunalo ulwazi oluphelele lokuthola i-allergy yobisi.

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungalinganisa impendulo yesistimu yakho yokukhulula ebisini ngokulinganisa inani lama-antibodies e-immunoglobulin E (IgE) egazini lakho. Kodwa lo mkhuba wokuhlola awunalo ulwazi oluphelele lokuthola i-allergy yobisi.

Indlela kuphela yokuvimbela ukusabela kokuxinana ukugwema ubisi namaprotheni obisi. Lokhu kungaba nzima ngoba ubisi yingxenyekazi evamile ekudleni okuningi. Futhi, abanye abantu abana-allergy yobisi bangakhuthazelela ubisi ngezindlela ezithile, njengobisi obufakwe ubushushu ekudleni okubhakwe, noma ekudleni okucutshungulwayo, njengayoghurt. Xoxa nodokotela wakho mayelana nalokho okufanele ukugweme.

Uma wena noma ingane yakho inokusabela okukhulu kokuxinana (anaphylaxis), ungadinga ukugonywa okuphaphandayo kwe-epinephrine (adrenaline) nokuya ekamelweni ephuthumayo. Uma usengozini yokuba nokusabela okukhulu, wena noma ingane yakho ningadinga ukuthwala i-epinephrine eyenziwe nge-injectable (EpiPen, Adrenaclick, nabanye) ngaso sonke isikhathi. Yenza umhlinzeki wakho noma umthengisi wezidakamizwa akubonise ukuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani le divayisi ukuze ulungele isimo esiphuthumayo.