Ukuthini i-MIS-C Kubantwana? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

I-MIS-C imelela i-Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome kubantwana, isimo esingavamile kodwa esinobuhlungu esingase siqale emavikini ngemva kokuba umntwana ebanjwe yi-COVID-19. Lesi simo sibangela ukuvuvukala ezindaweni ezahlukene zomzimba womntwana wakho, kufaka phakathi inhliziyo, amaphaphu, izinso, ubuchopho, isikhumba, amehlo, noma isistimu yokugaya ukudla.

Nakuba igama lingase lizwakale liyesabekayo, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi i-MIS-C ayivamile futhi abantwana abaningi abayitholayo bayaphila ngokuphelele ngenxa yokunakekelwa komtholampilo okufanele. Ukuqonda izimpawu nokwazi ukuthi nini kufanele ufunesekelo kungenza umehluko omkhulu empilweni yomntwana wakho nokuthula kwakho kwengqondo.

Iyini i-MIS-C?

I-MIS-C yisistimu yokuzikhusela yomntwana wakho esabela kakhulu ekuthelelekeni yi-COVID-19 okwakukhona ngaphambili. Cabanga ngakho njengomzimba womntwana wakho ulwa nokutheleleka okungasekho, okubangela ukuvuvukala ezinhlotsheni eziningi zamalungu ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Lesi simo sivame ukuvela emavikini angu-2 kuya kwangu-6 ngemva kokuba umntwana wakho ebanjwe yi-COVID-19, ngisho noma ukutheleleka kwabo kokuqala kwakumncane noma abazange babonise zimpawu nhlobo. Isikhathi eside sivame ukubamba abazali ngokungalindelekile ngoba umntwana wabo wayebonakala ephilile ngokuphelele ngemva kokululama e-COVID-19.

Abantwana abaningi abane-MIS-C babeyaphila kahle ngaphambi kokuthuthukisa lesi simo. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ngokwelashwa komtholampilo okusheshayo, iningi labantwana liyaphila ngokuphelele futhi libuyela emisebenzini yabo evamile.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-MIS-C?

Izimpawu ze-MIS-C zingase zihluke kakhulu ngoba lesi simo sithinta izinhlelo eziningi zomzimba. Umntwana wakho angase abe nezimpawu eziningi ndawonye, futhi zivame ukuthuthuka kancane kancane ezinsukwini ezimbalwa.

Izimpawu ezivamile ongaziqaphela zihlanganisa:

• Ukuqabuka okuphela isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora angu-24, okuvamile okuphezulu futhi okuqhubekayo
• Ubuhlungu besisu obungapheli ngezindlela ezivamile zokududuza
• Ukugabha noma isifo sohudo, ngezinye izikhathi esibi kakhulu
• Isikhumba esiphukile esingase sibe kuphi lapho emzimbeni
• Amehlo abomvu ngaphandle kokukhishwa noma ukubopha
• Ukukhathala okukhulu noma ubuthakathaka obungavamile kumntwana wakho
• Izandla eziqabukile, izinyawo, noma ama-lymph nodes

Abanye abantwana bangase bathuthukise izimpawu ezinkulu ezidinga ukunakekelwa komtholampilo ngokushesha. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ubunzima bokuqeda umoya, ubuhlungu esifubeni, ukudideka, ubuhlungu besisu obukhulu, noma isikhumba esibonakala simhlophe, luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, noma oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka.

Khumbula ukuthi akuwona wonke umntwana ozoba nazo zonke lezi zimpawu, futhi abanye bangase babe nezimpawu ezibukeka zingenamsebenzi ekuqaleni kodwa zibe zimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Themba izimpawu zakho njengomzali uma kukhona okuzwakala kuhlukile ngempilo yomntwana wakho.

Yini ebangela i-MIS-C?

I-MIS-C kwenzeka lapho isistimu yokuzikhusela yomntwana wakho ihlala isebenza isikhathi eside ngemva kokulwa ne-COVID-19. Ososayensi bakholelwa ukuthi kuyisimo sokuphendula komzimba lapho isistimu yokuzikhusela yomzimba ihlasela ngokungalungile izicubu ezempilo.

Isizathu esiqondile asiqondakali ngokuphelele, kodwa abacwaningi bacabanga ukuthi abantwana abathile bangase babe nokuthambekela kwezakhiwo kule ndlela yokuphendula komzimba. Akuyona into obungayivimba noma uyibikelele, futhi ngokuqinisekile akuyona iphutha lakho uma umntwana wakho ethuthukisa lesi simo.

Abantwana abaningi abathinteka yi-MIS-C babebanjwe yi-COVID-19 ngaphakathi kwamasonto angu-2 kuya kwangu-8 adlule. Noma kunjalo, abaningi balaba bantwana babe nezimpawu ze-COVID ezincane kangangokuba imindeni ayizange iqaphele ukuthi baye batheleleka yi-virus.

Lokhu kuphendula komzimba okulile yikho okwenza i-MIS-C ibe nzima kakhulu ukuyibona. Umntwana wakho angase abonakale ephilile ngokuphelele ekuhluphekeni kwakhe kokuqala, okwenza izimpawu zakamuva zingalindelekile futhi zikhathaze.

Nini kufanele ubona udokotela nge-MIS-C?

Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela womntwana wakho ngokushesha uma enokuqabuka okuphela isikhathi esingaphezu kwamahora angu-24 kanye nanoma iyiphi enye i-MIS-C. Ungalindi ukubona uma izimpawu ziphulukana zodwa, ikakhulukazi uma umntwana wakho ebanjwe yi-COVID-19 emavikini adlule.

Shaya u-911 noma uhambe e-emergency room ngokushesha uma umntwana wakho ebonisa noma yiziphi zalezi zimpawu zezimo eziphuthumayo:

• Ubunzima bokuqeda umoya noma ukuqeda umoya ngokushesha
• Ubuhlungu noma ukucindezeleka esifubeni
• Ubuhlungu besisu obukhulu
• Ukudideka noma ukulala okukhulu
• Isikumba, izindebe, noma ama-nail beds abonakala simhlophe, luhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, noma oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka
• Ukuphelelwa amanzi okukhulu ngokuncane noma kungekho ukuthamba

Ngisho noma ungaqiniseki ukuthi izimpawu zomntwana wakho zihambelana ne-MIS-C, kuhlale kungcono ukukhetha ukuma okuphephile. Abahlinzeki bezempilo bangathanda ukubona umntwana wakho futhi bakuqinisekise kunokulahlekelwa ithuba lokunikeza ukwelashwa ngesikhathi.

Khumbula ukuthi ukwelashwa okusheshayo kuvame ukuletha imiphumela emihle, ngakho ungangabazi ukufuna ukunakekelwa komtholampilo uma ukhathazekile ngempilo yomntwana wakho.

Ziyini izici ezingaholela e-MIS-C?

Noma yimuphi umntwana obebanjwe yi-COVID-19 angase athuthukise i-MIS-C, kodwa izici ezithile zingase zikhulise amathuba. I-risk factor ebaluleke kakhulu ukuba nje ubanjwe yi-COVID-19 emavikini angu-2 kuya kwangu-8 adlule.

Abantwana abaneminyaka engu-6 kuya kwengu-12 bayathinteka kakhulu, nakuba i-MIS-C ingase ibe khona kubantwana abaneminyaka yobudala, kufaka phakathi izingane ezincane nabasakhula. Abantwana besilisa bayabonakala bekhona kakhulu ukuba naleli simo kunabentokazi, nakuba umehluko awukabi mkhulu.

Ezinye izifundo zibonisa ukuthi abantwana abavela ezingeni elithile lobuzwe, ikakhulukazi i-Hispanic, i-Latino, nabantwana abamnyama, bangase babe nezinga eliphezulu le-MIS-C. Noma kunjalo, abantwana bazo zonke izizwe bangathuthukisa lesi simo.

Ukuba nezinye izimo zempilo kubonakala kungakhuliseli ingozi yomntwana wakho yokuthuthukisa i-MIS-C. Eqinisweni, abantwana abaningi abathinteka yi-MIS-C babeyaphila kahle ngaphambi kokutheleleka yi-COVID-19.

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ngisho noma umntwana wakho enezici ezingaholela e-MIS-C, i-MIS-C ihlala iyisimo esingavamile. Iningi labantwana abane-COVID-19 alithuthukisi i-MIS-C.

Ziyini izinhlanganisela ezingase zenzeke nge-MIS-C?

Nakuba abantwana abaningi balulama ngokuphelele e-MIS-C, lesi simo singabangela izinhlanganisela ezinkulu uma singelashwa ngokushesha. Ukuqonda lezi zinto ezingase zenzeke kungakusiza uqonde ukuthi kungani ukunakekelwa komtholampilo okusheshayo kubaluleke kangaka.

Izinhlanganisela ezivamile zithinta inhliziyo nemithambo yegazi. Umntwana wakho angase athuthukise ukuvuvukala kwemisipha yenhliziyo, ukubetha kwenhliziyo okungavamile, noma izinkinga ekuhambeni kwegazi. Lezi zinkinga ezihlobene nenhliziyo zivame ukuba zesikhashana kodwa zidinga ukulandelelwa nokwelashwa ngokucophelela.

Ezinye izinhlanganisela ezingase zenzeke zihlanganisa:

• Izinkinga zezinso ezithinta ukuthi umzimba uhlanza kanjani imfucuza
• Ukuphelelwa amanzi okukhulu ngokugabha nohudo
• Izinkinga zokugqwala kwegazi ezingaba yingozi
• Ukuvuvukala kwamaphaphu okwenza kube nzima ukuqeda umoya
• Ukuvuvukala kobuchopho okubangela ukudideka noma ukuhlwitha
• Ukushaqeka, lapho ukucindezeleka kwegazi kwehla khona kakhulu

Ezimeni ezingavamile, i-MIS-C ingaba yingozi eyingozi, yingakho ukunakekelwa komtholampilo okusheshayo kubalulekile lapho izimpawu zivela. Noma kunjalo, ngokunakekelwa komtholampilo okufanele, abantwana abaningi balulama ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwemiphumela ehlala njalo.

Izindaba ezikhuthazayo ukuthi izinhlanganisela ezinkulu ziyaba mancane kakhulu lapho i-MIS-C ibonakala futhi ilashwa ngokushesha. Yikho-ke ukwazi izimpawu nokufuna ukunakekelwa komtholampilo okusheshayo kwenza umehluko omkhulu kangaka.

I-MIS-C ihlonishwa kanjani?

Ukuhlonishwa kwe-MIS-C kudinga udokotela wakho ukuhlanganisa izinkomba eziningi njengoba kungekho ukuhlolwa olulodwa oluqinisekisa lesi simo. Udokotela womntwana wakho uzoqala ngokuhlola futhi ebuze imibuzo eningiliziwe ngomlando wakhe wezempilo zakamuva.

Ukuhlonishwa kuvame ukubandakanya ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umntwana wakho ubanjwe yi-COVID-19 muva nje, noma ngokuhlolwa okuhle noma ubufakazi bokutheleleka okudlule ngokuhlolwa kwe-antibody. Udokotela wakho uzobuye abuke izimpawu zokuvuvukala emzimbeni womntwana wakho ngokuhlolwa kwegazi.

Izivivinyo ezivamile zingase zihlanganise:

• Izivivinyo zegazi zokuhlola izimpawu zokuvuvukala nokusebenza kwamalungu
• Izivivinyo zenhliziyo njenge-electrocardiogram (EKG) noma i-echocardiogram
• I-X-rays yesifuba zokuhlola amaphaphu nenhliziyo
• Izivivinyo zomgogodla zokuhlola ukusebenza kwezinso
• Izivivinyo ze-COVID-19 antibody ukuqinisekisa ukutheleleka okudlule

Udokotela wakho angase adinge ukukhipha ezinye izimo ezingabangela izimpawu ezifanayo, njengezifo zobhaktheriya noma ezinye izifo zokuvuvukala. Le nqubo ngezinye izikhathi ithatha isikhathi, kodwa kubalulekile ukuthola ukuhlonishwa okulungile.

Inqubo yokuhlola ingase izwakale ibe nzima, kodwa khumbula ukuthi iqembu lakho lezokwelapha lisebenza ngokucophelela ukuqonda ukuthi kwenzekani ngomntwana wakho ukuze likwazi ukunikeza ukunakekelwa okungcono kakhulu.

Ukwelashwa kwe-MIS-C kuyini?

Ukwelashwa kwe-MIS-C kugxile ekunciphiseni ukuvuvukala emzimbeni womntwana wakho nokusekela amalungu abo ngesikhathi belulama. Abantwana abaningi abane-MIS-C badinga ukungena esibhedlela ukuze odokotela bakwazi ukubalandelela eduze futhi banikeze ukunakekelwa okukhethekile.

Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kuhlanganisa imithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala ukuthula isistimu yokuzikhusela yomntwana wakho esebenza kakhulu. Odokotela bavame ukusebenzisa i-intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), equkethe ama-antibodies asiza ukulungisa impendulo yomzimba, kanye nama-steroids ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala.

Uhlelo lokwelashwa lomntwana wakho lungase futhi luhlanganise:

• Amanzi e-IV ukuvimbela ukuphelelwa amanzi nokusekela ukucindezeleka kwegazi
• Imithi yokusekela ukusebenza kwenhliziyo uma kudingeka
• Imithi yokunciphisa ukugqwala kwegazi
• Ukusekela umoya uma ukuqeda umoya kuba nzima
• Imithi yokuhlupheka ukugcina umntwana wakho ephilile

Abantwana abaningi baqala ukuzizwa bephilile ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemva kokuqala ukwelashwa, nakuba ukululama okuphelele kungathatha amaviki amaningana. Iqembu lakho lezokwelapha lizoqondanisa ukwelashwa ngokusekelwe endleleni umntwana wakho aphendula ngayo kanye nezimpawu ezivelele kakhulu.

Ubude besikhathi sokuhlala esibhedlela buyahluka, kodwa abantwana abaningi bangabuya ekhaya ngaphakathi kweviki uma izimpawu zabo ziphulukana futhi ukusebenza kwamalungu abo kuqina. Umntwana wakho uzodinga ukunakekelwa okulandelayo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uqhubeka elulama kahle.

Unganikeza kanjani ukunakekelwa ekhaya ngesikhathi sokululama kwe-MIS-C?

Uma umntwana wakho ebuya ekhaya esibhedlela, cishe uzodinga amaviki amaningana ukuze aphulukise amandla nawo. Ukudala indawo ethule, yokusekela ekhaya kungasiza ukusheshisa inqubo yokwelapha.

Gxilisa ukugcina umntwana wakho ephumule kahle futhi ehlale ephuza amanzi. Umzimba wakhe uhlupheke kakhulu, futhi ukulala kubalulekile ekwelapheni. Ungakhathazeki uma ebonakala ekhathele kakhulu kunokujwayelekile emavikini amaningana ngemva kokwelashwa.

Amasu okunakekelwa ekhaya abalulekile ahlanganisa:

• Ukukhuthaza ukudla okuncane okuvamile uma isisindo sisaphila kabi
• Ukunikeza amanzi amaningi usuku lonke
• Ukulinganisela umsebenzi womzimba kuze kube yilapho udokotela enikeza imvume
• Ukubuka izimpawu ezibuyayo
• Ukunikeza imithi ngokuqondile njengoba kulotshwe
• Ukugcina izivivinyo zokulandelela nochwepheshe

Bheka izimpawu zezixwayiso ezingase zibonise ukuthi umntwana wakho udinga ukunakekelwa komtholampilo, njengokuqabuka okusha, ubunzima bokuqeda umoya, ubuhlungu esifubeni, noma ukukhathala okukhulu okubonakala kubi kakhulu kunokuba kuhle.

Khumbula ukuthi ukululama kuvame ukuba kancane kancane, futhi abanye abantwana bangase babe nezinsuku ezinhle nezinsuku ezinzima kakhulu. Lokhu kuyinto evamile, kodwa ungangabazi ukuthintana neqembu lakho lezokwelapha uma unakho ukukhathazeka ngokuqhubeka komntwana wakho.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho nodokotela?

Ngaphambi kwe-aphoyintimenti yakho, bhala zonke izimpawu zomntwana wakho, kufaka phakathi ukuthi zaqala nini nokuthi ziguquke kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lolu lwazi lusiza udokotela wakho ukuqonda iphethini yesifo somntwana wakho.

Bula ulwazi olubalulekile lwezokwelapha, kufaka phakathi noma yimiphi imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwe-COVID-19 yakamuva, amarekhodi okugoma, nohlu lanoma iyiphi imithi umntwana wakho ayithatha njalo. Uma umntwana wakho ebonwe odokotela abanye muva nje, letha lawo marekodi nawo.

Lungiselela uhlu lwemibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza, njengalezi:

• Ziyiphi izivivinyo umntwana wami azidingayo?
• Ukululama kungathatha isikhathi esingakanani?
• Ziyiphi izimpawu ezifanele zikukhathaze kakhulu?
• Nini umntwana wami angabuya emisebenzini evamile?
• Yikuphi ukunakekelwa okulandelayo okuzodingeka?

Cabanga ngomlando wakamuva wokubonakaliswa komntwana wakho nanoma yibaphi amalungu omndeni abangase babe banjwe yi-COVID-19. Ngisho noma umntwana wakho engabonakali egula ngaleso sikhathi, lolu lwazi lungaba lubalulekile ekuboneni.

Cabanga ukuletha into yokunethezeka yomntwana wakho nezidlo uma i-aphoyintimenti ingase ibe de. Ukuba nezinto ezijwayelekile eduze kungasiza ukunciphisa ukukhathazeka kokubili wena nomntwana wakho ngesikhathi sokuvakashela kwezokwelapha.

I-MIS-C ingavimbeka yini?

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela i-MIS-C ukungavimbela ukutheleleka yi-COVID-19 ekuqaleni. Lokhu kusho ukulandela iziphakamiso zokugomela zamanje zeqembu lomntwana wakho lobudala nokugcina amasiko amahle okuhlanzeka.

Ukugomela yi-COVID-19 kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yesifo esibi futhi kubonakala kunciphisa amathuba okuthuthukisa i-MIS-C. Gcina ukugomela komntwana wakho kuhlala kunjalo ngokuya ngezinkombandlela zamanje ezivela kubaphathi bezempilo.

Qhubeka usebenzisa izindlela zokuvimbela ezinciphisa ukudluliselwa kwe-COVID-19:

• Ukugeza izandla njalo ngensipho namanzi
• Ukuhlala ekhaya uma uzizwa ungaphili kahle
• Ukugwema ukusondelana nabantu abagulayo
• Ukulandela noma yiziphi izinkombandlela zokwelapha zendawo ngesikhathi sezikhukhula
• Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi kukhona umoya omuhle ezindaweni ezivaliwe uma kungenzeka

Uma umntwana wakho ebanjwa yi-COVID-19, ayikho indlela ethile yokuvimbela i-MIS-C ukuthi ingathuthuki ngemva kwalokho. Noma kunjalo, ukwazi izimpawu nokufuna ukunakekelwa komtholampilo okusheshayo uma zivela kunikeza umntwana wakho ithuba elihle kakhulu lokuphulukana ngokushesha.

Khumbula ukuthi i-MIS-C ihlala ingavamile ngisho nakubantwana abaye baba ne-COVID-19, ngakho zama ukungakhathazeki kakhulu ngenkathi uhlala unolwazi ngezimpawu okufanele uzibone.

Iyini into ebaluleke kakhulu nge-MIS-C?

I-MIS-C iyisimo esibuhlungu kodwa esingavamile esingase siqale emavikini ngemva kokuba umntwana wakho ebanjwe yi-COVID-19. Nakuba izimpawu zingase zibe yesabekayo, abantwana abaningi balulama ngokuphelele ngokunakekelwa komtholampilo okufanele futhi babuyele emisebenzini yabo evamile.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ongayenza ukuba uhlale unolwazi ngezimpawu futhi uthembe izimpawu zakho njengomzali. Uma umntwana wakho ethuthukisa ukuqabuka okuqhubekayo kanye nezinye izimpawu ezinkulu, ikakhulukazi uma ebanjwe yi-COVID-19 muva nje, ungangabazi ukufuna ukunakekelwa komtholampilo.

Ukuqaphela nokwelashwa okusheshayo kwenza umehluko omkhulu emiphumeleni. Abahlinzeki bezempilo manje bayeqeqeshwe kahle ukuqaphela nokwelapha i-MIS-C, futhi ukwelashwa kuye kwaqhubeka kakhulu kusukela lesi simo saqala sabonakala.

Gxilisa ekuvimbeleni ngokugomela namasiko amahle okuhlanzeka, kodwa ungavumeli ukukhathazeka nge-MIS-C kuhlanganise impilo yansuku zonke yomndeni wakho. Ulwazi nokulungiselela yizithulu zakho ezinhle kakhulu zokugcina umntwana wakho ephilile futhi ephephile.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwa nge-MIS-C

Abantu abadala bangathola i-MIS-C yini?

Abantu abadala bangathuthukisa isimo esifanayo esibizwa nge-MIS-A (i-Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome kubantu abadala), kodwa kuyinto engavamile kakhulu kunesi-MIS-C kubantwana. Izimpawu nokwelashwa kufana, kodwa i-MIS-C ibhekisela ngokukhethekile esimweni kubantu abaneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-21.

Ukuvikelwa kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ngemva kwe-MIS-C?

Abantwana abalulama e-MIS-C ngokuvamile abayitholi futhi, ngisho noma babe ne-COVID-19 infection enye. Noma kunjalo, kufanele balandele iziphakamiso zokugomela njengoba ama-vaccines anikeza ukuvikelwa okubanzi kakhulu ekuguleni okukhulu kwe-COVID-19.

Umntwana wami angabuya ezemidlalo ngemva kwe-MIS-C yini?

Abantwana abaningi bangabuya emisebenzini yabo evamile yomzimba, kufaka phakathi ezemidlalo, kodwa lokhu kudinga imvume yodokotela wabo. Umntwana wakho angase adinge ukulandelelwa kwenhliziyo nokubuyela kancane kancane ekuzivocavoca, ikakhulukazi uma inhliziyo yakhe ithinteka ngesikhathi sesifo sakhe.

I-MIS-C iyadluliseka yini?

I-MIS-C ngokwayo ayidluliseki njengoba kuyisimo sokuphendula komzimba, hhayi ukutheleleka okusebenzayo. Noma kunjalo, uma umntwana wakho esene-COVID-19 esebenzayo lapho i-MIS-C ithuthuka, angase adlulisele i-virus kwabanye kuze kube yilapho engasadluliseli.

Umntwana wami uzoba nemiphumela yexesha elide evela e-MIS-C yini?

Abantwana abaningi balulama ngokuphelele e-MIS-C ngaphandle kwemiphumela ehlala njalo. Abanye bangase badinge ukulandelelwa okuqhubekayo, ikakhulukazi uma inhliziyo yabo ithinteka, kodwa iningi libuyela empilweni yabo evamile nemisebenzi ngaphakathi kwamasonto ambalwa okululama.