Ukuqabukela Ukuhlushwa Yibhentshi Yibhentshi? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, & Ukwelashwa

Ukuqabukela ubhontshi kwenzeka uma isimo sakho sokuvikela somzimba singaphezu kokujwayelekile ekuphenduleni ama-spores ebhontshi emoyeni, siwabheka njengabaphangi ababi. Umzimba wakho ukhulula amakhemikhali afana ne-histamine ukuze ulwe nalezi zinhlayiya ezincane kakhulu, okuholela ezimpawu ezingathandeki ozibhekana nazo.

Lokhu kuphendula kuyinto evamile futhi kuchaphazela izigidi zabantu emhlabeni jikelele. Cabanga ngakho njengesistimu yokuphepha yomzimba wakho esivikelekile kakhulu. Nakuba ama-spores ebhontshi ekhona yonke indawo endaweni yethu, izinhlelo zokuphepha zomzimba zabanye abantu zivame ukuba nokuqabukela kakhulu kunabanye.

Ziyini izimpawu zokuqabukela ubhontshi?

Izimpawu zokuqabukela ubhontshi zivame ukufana nezinye izifo zokuphefumula, okwenza kube nzima ukuzibona ekuqaleni. Umzimba wakho ngokuvamile uphendula ngemizuzu embalwa kuya emahoreni ngemuva kokuphefumula ama-spores ebhontshi.

Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ongazibona zihlanganisa:

• Ukuthimula okubonakala kungapheli
• Ikhala elikhulu noma elipholile elihlala isikhathi eside
• Amehlo amanzi, akhazimulayo azizwa ebuhlungu
• Intamo ebuhlungu noma ebomvu
• Ukuthimula okungapheli
• Ukwehla komfutho emuva kwesigxobo okukwenza uhlanze intamo yakho njalo
• Isikhumba esomile, esiqhekekile noma isifo se-eczema esibi kakhulu

Abanye abantu baba nezinkinga ezinzima kakhulu, ikakhulu uma bane-asthma kanye nokuqabukela ubhontshi. Lezi zimpawu zingabandakanya ukuvuvukala, ukucindezeleka kwesifuba, nobunzima bokuqeda umoya ngesikhathi sezimpawu.

Kwezinye izikhathi, abantu abanesimo sokuvikela somzimba esibuthakathaka bangaba nezinkinga ezinzima kakhulu. Lokhu kungabandakanya ukutheleleka kwamaphaphu noma isimo esibizwa ngokuthi yi-allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis, lapho ubhontshi ukhula khona emaphaphwini futhi ubangela ukuvuvukala.

Yini ebangela ukuqabukela ubhontshi?

Ukuqabukela ubhontshi kwenzeka uma isimo sakho sokuvikela somzimba sibona ama-spores ebhontshi angonakali njengezingozi ezinkulu. Lokhu kwenza ukuphendula okuqabukelayo okungaba ukusuka kokuncane kuya kokukhathazayo.

Izinhlobo eziningi zekhala zivame ukubangela uketshezi loketshezi:

• I-Alternaria, ekhula ezitshalweni nasemhlabathini
• I-Aspergillus, etholakala othulini nasekudleni okunephunga
• I-Cladosporium, ekhula kahle ezindwangu nasezinkuni
• I-Penicillium, evame ukutholakala ezithelo, esinkwa, nasechizini
• I-Stachybotrys, "ikhala elimnyama" elidumile elikhula ezindaweni ezimanzi kakhulu

I-jenetiki yakho idlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni uketshezi loketshezi. Uma abazali bakho noma abazalwana bakho benoketshezi noma i-asthma, cishe nawe uzolithola.

Izici zemvelo nazo ziyabaluleka kakhulu. Ukuhlala ezindaweni ezishisayo, emizini engavuleki kahle, noma ezindaweni ezinamanzi amaningi kukwandisa ukukhishwa kwakho kuma-spores ekhala futhi kungabangela uketshezi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Nini kufanele ubona udokotela ngoketshezi loketshezi?

Kufanele ucabange ukuya kudokotela uma izimpawu zakho zihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto ambalwa noma zikuphazamisa emisebenzini yakho yansuku zonke. Abantu abaningi bazama ukulawula izimpawu zabo bodwa kuqala, okuqondakala ngokuphelele.

Hlela i-aphoyintimenti uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi lezi zimo:

• Izimpawu ezingaphuli ngemithi yoketshezi yokuthengwa ngaphandle kwesikripthi
• Ubunzima bokuqeda umoya noma ukukhwehlela
• Ukukhwehlela okuqhubekayo okuphephe amaviki amathathu
• Ukutheleleka kwe-sinus okuqhubeka kubuyela
• Izimpawu ezithinta kakhulu ubuthongo bakho noma umsebenzi wakho
• Uketshezi lwesi khumba olubi kakhulu noma olukhula

Funani usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uthola ubunzima obukhulu bokuqeda umoya, ubuhlungu esifubeni, noma ubushushu obukhulu kanye nezimpawu zakho zoketshezi. Lokhu kungabonisa isimo esinzima esidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Abantu abane-asthma ekhona kufanele baqaphele kakhulu, njengoba ukukhishwa kwekhala kungabangela ukuhlaselwa kwe-asthma okungaba yingozi okudingayo ukunakekelwa okusheshayo.

Yiziphi izici ezingozi zoketshezi loketshezi?

Izici ezithile zingakwandisa amathuba akho okukhula une-allergy yefungus noma zenza izimpawu zakho zibe zimbi. Ukuqonda lokhu kungakusiza ukuthi uthathe izinyathelo zokuvikela.

Umlando womndeni umelela njengophawula oluqine kakhulu. Uma i-allergies, i-asthma, noma i-eczema kuvela emndenini wakho, unethuba elikhulu lokukhula une-sensitivity yefungus.

Indawo yakho yokuhlala nokusebenza ithonya kakhulu ingozi yakho:

• Ukuhlala ezindaweni ezishisayo noma ezinawo umoya omubi
• Ukusebenza ezolimo, ukugaya izihlahla, noma ukwakha
• Ukuhlala emakhaya anamanzi abhubhile noma anembali yokunyakazela kwamanzi
• Ukuba nezinqolobane zasekhaya ezifana nokulima noma ukusebenza ngezihlahla
• Ukuhlala ezakhiweni ezindala ezingaba nezinkinga zokunama

Ubudala buphinde bube nomthelela, ngabantwana nabantu abadala abaningi abathinteka kakhulu ekukhuleni kwe-allergies. Impilo yakho yonke ibalulekile, njengoba abantu abanesistimu yokuvikela emzimbeni ebuthakathaka babhekene nezingozi eziphezulu.

Isimo sempilo sokuphefumula esikade sikho njenge-asthma noma isifo sokuphefumula esiqinile esiqhubekayo singakwenza ube nomuzwa omkhulu wefungus futhi kubangele izimpendulo ezimbi uma ukhombiswe.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zenzeke ngenxa ye-allergy yefungus?

Nakuba i-allergies eningi yefungus ibangela izimpawu ezilawuleka, abanye abantu bangaba nezinkinga ezinkulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lezi zinkinga zivame kakhulu uma i-allergy yakho ingalashwa noma uma uhlale ukhombiswe ifungus.

Izinkinga ezivamile kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• I-sinusitis eqhubekayo eholela ekuthelelekeni okuphindaphindayo kwesinuses
• I-asthma ebiyelayo ngokuhlukunyezwa okuvamile nokubi kakhulu
• Ukuphazamiseka kokulala ngenxa yokungcola nokukhokha
• Ukutheleleka kwe-bacteria okubili ezinuses noma emaphashini
• I-nasal polyps, ezingukukhula okuncane emizileni yakho yempumulo

Kubantu abanezimpawu zokucindezeleka kwezimpande zomzimba, kungase kube khona izinkinga ezinzima kakhulu. Lezi zingafaka i-aspergillosis ehlala emathunjini, lapho ubugciwane buhlasela khona ngempela iliso lemiphunga, noma i-hypersensitivity pneumonitis, isimo sempumulo esibangela ukuvuvukala.

I-Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis imele inkinga engavamile kodwa ebucayi lapho ubugciwane bukhula khona emathunjini futhi bubangele ukuvuvukala okuqhubekayo. Lesi simo sidinga ukwelashwa okukhethekile nokulandelelwa ochwepheshe bezempilo.

Ukuvinjelwa kokubeletha uketshezi

Ukuvimbela uketshezi kukude ukulwa noketshezi nokunciphisa ukukhula kwayo endaweni yakho. Nakuba ungakwazi ukususa konke uketshezi, ungakunciphisa kakhulu ngemizamo eqhubekayo.

Qala ngokulawula uketshezi ekhaya lakho, njengoba ubugciwane budinga uketshezi ukuze bukhule. Gcina amazinga oketshezi ekhaya phakathi kuka-30-50% usebenzisa ama-dehumidifiers noma ama-air conditioners uma kudingeka.

Amasu abalulekile okuvimbela afaka:

• Ukulungisa ngokushesha ukopha emapulangwini, emaphethelweni, nasezintweni zokugeza
• Ukusebenzisa abalandeli be-exhaust emakameleni okugezela nasezikhitshini
• Ukuhlanza nokumsusa izindawo ezimanzi phakathi kwamahora angu-24-48
• Ukususa amakhaphethi emakamelweni angaphansi nasemakamelweni okugezela
• Ukuhlanza njalo izinhlelo zokuphefumula komoya nokushintsha amafutha
• Ukusebenzisa imikhiqizo engavumeli ubugciwane lapho ulungisa khona

Ngaphandle, unganciphisa ukukhishwa ngokuqeda imisebenzi efana nokuhlanza amagxolo noma ukusika utshani ngesikhathi sezinkathi eziningi zokukhula kwegciwane. Uma kufanele wenze le misebenzi, cabanga ngokugqoka i-N95 mask ukuze uvikeleke.

Gcina izindawo zakho zokuhlala zihlanzekile futhi ziphefumule kahle. Ukuhlanza njalo ngezixazululo ezibulala ubugciwane kungasiza ukuvimbela ukukhula kwegciwane ngaphambi kokuba kube yinkinga.

Indlela yokuxilongwa kokubeletha uketshezi

Ukuthola uketshezi kuvame ukufaka ukuxuba komlando wakho wezokwelapha, ukuhlolwa komzimba, nezivivinyo ezikhethekile zokubeletha. Udokotela wakho uzofuna ukuqonda izimpawu zakho nokuthi zenzeka nini.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzokubuza imibuzo emininingi mayelana nezimpawu zakho, indawo ohlala kuyo, nanoma iyiphi imiqondo oyibonile. Bazokwenza futhi ukuhlolwa komzimba, bagxile ekhaleni lakho, emlonyeni, naphefumulweni.

Izivivinyo ezivamile zokuxilonga zihlanganisa:

• Izivivinyo ze-skin prick lapho izinani ezincane ze-mold extracts zibekwa oluswini lwakho
• Izivivinyo zegazi ezilinganisa ama-antibodies athile kuma-mold ahlukene
• I-Nasal endoscopy ukuhlola izindlela zakho ze-nasal ngenxa yokuvuvukala
• Izivivinyo zomsebenzi we-lung uma unezimpawu zokuphefumula

Ngezinye izikhathi udokotela wakho angakuncoma ukugcina idayari yezimpawu ukuze uqaphele ukuthi izimpawu zakho ziyanda nini. Lokhu kungasiza ekutholeni izici ezithile noma imiqondo ehlobene nokudalulwa kwe-mold.

Ezimweni eziyinkimbinkimbi, ungase uqondiswe kwingcweti ye-allergist noma i-immunologist ukuze uthole ukuhlolwa okukhethekile nohlelo lokwelapha.

Iyini ukwelashwa kwe-mold allergy?

Ukwelashwa kwe-mold allergy kugxile ekulawuleni izimpawu zakho nokunciphisa ukudalulwa kwakho ezicini. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi kukhona izinketho eziningi zokwelapha eziphumelelayo ezingakusiza uzizwe kangcono kakhulu.

Imithi yiyona ndawo ebaluleke kakhulu emaplanini okwelapha amaningi. Ama-antihistamines afana ne-cetirizine noma i-loratadine angasiza ekulawuleni ukukhipha, ukopha ekhaleni, namehlo akhazimulayo. Lokhu kusebenza ngokuvinja i-histamine umzimba wakho elikhipha ngesikhathi sezimo ze-allergic.

Izinketho ezengeziwe zokwelapha zihlanganisa:

• I-Nasal corticosteroid sprays ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala
• Ama-Decongestants ukuze kube khona ukukhululeka okwesikhashana ekhaleni elikhulu
• I-Nasal saline rinses ukugeza izinto ezingcolile
• Ama-Eye drops amehlo akhazimulayo, amanzi
• Ama-Bronchodilators uma unezimpawu ze-asthma

Ezimweni ezinzima, udokotela wakho angakuncoma ama-allergy shots (immunotherapy). Lokhu kwelashwa kancane kancane kudalula uhlelo lwakho lokuphepha ezintweni ezincane ze-mold allergens, lusisiza lube lula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ezimweni ezingavamile lapho kuvela khona izinkinga, ukwelashwa okukhethekile kungase kudingeke. Lokhu kungafaka phakathi imithi enamandla noma ukwelashwa okuklanyelwe ngokukhethekile izimo ezinjengobuningi be-allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis.

Ukulawula kanjani uketshezi loketshezi ekhaya?

Ukulawula uketshezi loketshezi ekhaya kuhilela kokubili ukwelapha izimpawu zakho nokudala indawo engathinti lutho uketshezi. Lezi zindlela zingakunika impumuzo enkulu uma zisetshenziswa njalo.

Qala ngezindlela ezilula zokulawula izimpawu. Ukususa amanxeba olukhuni ngamanzi olukhuni kungasusa ama-spores oketshezi nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala. Sebenzisa amanzi ahlanzekile noma amanzi angenamkhawulo, futhi uhlanze ibhodlela lakho lokuhlanza njalo ukuvimbela ukukhula kwezibhaktheriya.

Izindlela zokulawula indawo zihlanganisa:

• Ukusebenzisa abahlanzi bomoya abanamafutha e-HEPA ezindaweni eziphilayo eziyinhloko
• Ukugeza imibhede masonto onke ngamanzi ashisayo (130°F noma ngaphezulu)
• Ukugcina amafasitela evalwe phakathi kwezinkathi zoketshezi olukhulu
• Ukusebenzisa izembozo ezingavumeli uketshezi emapilini nasemabhedini
• Ukuhlanza uketshezi olukhulu ngesixazululo se-bleach esithambile
• Ukuqeda amakhaphethi amadala, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezimanzi

Qapha izimpawu zakho futhi ubone izindlela. Gcina umbhalo wokuthi nini uzizwa kubi nokuthi yini engase ibe yimbangela yezimpawu zakho. Lolu lwazi lungakusiza wena nodokotela wakho ukulungisa uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha.

Yenza umkhuba wokuthatha imithi njengoba kulotshiwe, ngisho noma uzizwa kahle. Imithi eminingi yokwelapha uketshezi isebenza kangcono uma ithathwa njalo kunokuthi uma izimpawu zivele.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho nodokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-aphoyintimenti yakho nodokotela kungakusiza uqinisekise ukuthi uthola ukuxilongwa okuchane kakhulu nelenhlalakahle yokwelapha. Ukulungiselela okuhle kusindisa isikhathi futhi kusiza udokotela wakho ukuqonda isimo sakho kangcono.

Ngaphambi kokuya kwakho, bhala phansi izimpawu zakho ngokuningiliziwe. Qaphela ukuthi zenzeka nini, isikhathi eside zingakanani, nokuthi yini ebonakala izenza zibe ngcono noma zibe zimbi. Lolu lwazi lunikeza izinkomba ezibalulekile mayelana nezinto ezikuphazamisayo.

Letha imininingwane ebalulekile nawe:

• Uhlu lwemithi nezinhlanganisela ezikhona manje
• Umbukiso womlando womndeni wokubeletha noma i-asthma
• Izithombe zanoma iyiphi imfucumfucu ebonakalayo ekhaya lakho
• Imininingwane mayelana nezindawo zakho zokuhlala nokusebenza
• Imiphumela yokuhlolwa kokubeletha kwangaphambili uma unayo

Lungisa imibuzo okumele uyibuze udokotela wakho. Ungase ufune ukwazi ngezinto ezibangela ukugula, izinketho zokwelapha, noma ukushintsha kwendlela yokuphila okungasiza izimpawu zakho.

Cabanga ukuthi ulethe ilungu lomndeni noma umngani ongakusiza ukuba ukhumbule imininingwane ebalulekile exoxwe ngayo ngesikhathi sokuqokwa. Bangase futhi baphawule izimpawu noma amaphasi angawazi.

Iyini into ebaluleke kakhulu mayelana nokubeletha imfucumfucu?

Ukubeletha imfucumfucu kuyisimo esilawuleka esithinta abantu abaningi, futhi akudingeki uhlupheke ngezimpawu ngaphandle kosizo. Ngokuxilongwa nokuphathwa okuqondile, abantu abaningi banganciphisa kakhulu izimpawu zabo futhi bathuthukise ikhwalithi yokuphila kwabo.

Izinyathelo ezibaluleke kakhulu zihilela ukulawula indawo yakho ukuze unciphise ukudalulwa kwemfucumfucu nokusebenzisana nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole indlela efanele yokwelapha. Lokhu kungafaka imithi, ukushintsha kwendlela yokuphila, noma kokubili.

Khumbula ukuthi izimpawu zokubeletha imfucumfucu zingafana nezinye izimo, ngakho-ke ukuxilongwa kochwepheshe kubalulekile. Unganqikazi ukufuna usizo lochwepheshe uma izimpawu zakho ziqhubeka noma zikuphazamise imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke.

Ngokuphathwa okuqhubekayo nencwadi efanele yokwelapha, ungalawula ngokuphumelelayo ukubeletha kwakho imfucumfucu futhi ujabulele impilo engcono. Hlala unezinhlungu ngenqubo, njengoba ukuthola ukuxuba okuqondile kwezinhlungu kwesinye isikhathi kuthatha isikhathi.

Imibuzo ebuzwa njalo mayelana nokubeletha imfucumfucu

Ingabe ukubeletha imfucumfucu kungakhula ngokuzumayo kubantu abadala?

Yebo, ukuqabuka komkhuhlane ungakuthola kunoma iyiphi iminyaka, ngisho noma awukaze ube nokuqabuka ngaphambili. Isistimu yakho yokuzikhusela ingaba nokuqabuka kuma-spores omkhuhlane ngemuva kokubekwa okuphindaphindayo, noma izinguquko endaweni yakho zingase zibangele ukuqabuka okusha. Abantu abadala bavame ukuqabuka umkhuhlane ngemuva kokuya ezingeni elihlukile noma ukuhlala esakhiweni esine-damage yamanzi.

Ingabe umkhuhlane omnyama uyingozi kakhulu kunamanye ama-mold ngokuqabuka?

Umkhuhlane omnyama (Stachybotrys) ungabangela ukuqabuka njengamanye ama-mold, kodwa awusiyo into ebangela ukuqabuka kakhulu kunamanye. Ukukhathazeka okukhulu ngomkhuhlane omnyama ukuthi ubonisa izinkinga ezinkulu zokunisela futhi ungakha izinto eziyingozi ngobuningi obukhulu. Noma iyiphi ukukhula komkhuhlane ekhaya lakho kufanele kulungiswe ngokushesha, kungakhathaliseki umbala.

Ingabe ukuqabuka komkhuhlane kungabangela ukukhathala nokuqina kwengqondo?

Abanye abantu abanawo ukuqabuka komkhuhlane babika ukuzizwa bekhathele noma benenkinga yokugxila, nakuba lezi azizona izimpawu ezivamile. Ukukhathala kungase kubangelwe ukulala okubi ngenxa yokungaphefumuli kahle ekhathini noma ngenxa yempendulo eqhubekayo yesistimu yakho yokuzikhusela. Uma uhlangabezana nokukhathala okuqhubekayo kanye nezinye izimpawu zokuqabuka, xoxa nodokotela wakho.

Isikhathi esingakanani izimpawu zokuqabuka komkhuhlane zihlala isikhathi esingakanani ngemuva kokubekwa?

Izimpawu zokuqabuka komkhuhlane ziqala ngokuvamile ngaphakathi kwamaminithi kuya emahoreni ngemuva kokubekwa futhi zingase zihlale noma kuphi kusuka emahoreni ambalwa kuya ezinsukwini eziningi. Ubude buxhomeke ekulinganisweni kokubekwa, izinga lokuxhumana kwakho, nokuthi uyakwazi kangakanani ukuzisusa emthonjeni womkhuhlane. Izimpawu zivame ukuthuthuka uma ungasasebenzelani nomkhuhlane obangela ukuqabuka.

Ungakwazi yini ukukhula ngokuqabuka komkhuhlane?

Nakuba kunokwenzeka ukuthi ukwanda kwemizimba kungashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, abantu abaningi abakwazi ukukhula ngokuphelele ukwanda kwemifino uma sekukhule. Noma kunjalo, izimpawu zakho zingaba zingancipha ngokwelashwa okufanele nokulawulwa kwendawo. Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi ukwanda kwabo kuya ngcono uma beya emazingeni ahlukene noma benza izinguquko ezinkulu zokunciphisa ukukhishwa komkhiwane emakhaya abo.