Amabala

Amabala angaba mnyama, nsundu, mnyama, blue, bomvu noma pinki. Ngokuvamile awuhlali ungaphezu kwama-6 mm ububanzi - ubukhulu be-eraser yepensile.

Amabala ngokuvamile awonakali. Angaba namagqabi noma aphakame noma aqinile. Xoxa nodokotela wakho mayelana nanoma yiluphi ushintsho lombala noma ubukhulu bebala noma uma kukhona ukukhahlela, ubuhlungu, ukuphuza igazi noma ukuvuvukala.

Amabala, abizwa nangokuthi ama-nevi, uhlobo oluvamile lokukhula kwesikhumba. Ngokuvamile abonakala njengezindawo ezincane, ezimnyama ezimnyama ezihambisana namaqembu amaseli akhiqiza i-pigment abizwa ngokuthi ama-melanocytes. Abantu abaningi bane-10 kuya kwe-45 amabala abonakala ngesikhathi sobuntwana neminyaka yobusha. Indlela la mabala abonakala ngayo ingashintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Angase aphele ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Amabala amaningi awonakali. Ngokungavamile, aba yomdlavuza. Ukubaqaphela ushintsho kumabala akho nezinye izindawo ezinemibala kubalulekile ekutholeni umdlavuza wesikhumba, ikakhulukazi i-melanoma e-malignant.

Imole ejwayelekile iyibala elithambile elinoboya. Kepha ama-moles avela ngemibala, imilo nobukhulu ohlukene: Umbala nokuqina. Ama-moles angaba mnyama, abomvu, amnyama, aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, abomvu noma apinki. Angaba bukhali, anqunu, ahlanzekile noma aphakamile. Angaba nezinwele ezikhula kuwo. Isimo. Ama-moles amaningi ayi-oval noma ayizungezile. Ubukhulu. Ama-moles avame ukuba ngaphansi kwa-1/4 intshi (cishe ama-6 mm) ububanzi — ubukhulu be-eraser yepensile. Lawo akhona ekuzalweni, aziwa ngokuthi yi-congenital nevi, angaba makhulu futhi ahlanganise ingxenye yobuso, umzimba noma uhlangothi. Ama-moles angakhula kuphi na emzimbeni wakho, kufaka phakathi isikhumba sakho kanye namaphethelini, kanye nangaphansi kwamakhokhonkwane akho phakathi kweminwe yakho nezinzwane. Abantu abaningi bane-10 kuya kwengu-45 ama-moles. Amaningi ala ma-moles avela ngeminyaka engu-40. Ama-moles angashintsha noma aphele ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Angaba mnyama futhi amakhulu ngezinguquko ze-hormonal ezenzeka phakathi neminyaka yobusha futhi ngesikhathi sikhatshana. Amaqembu amabala amnyama eduze kwamehlo, eempini nasekhoneni yi-dermatoses papulosa nigra — uhlobo lwe-seborrheic keratosis engelona i-cancer futhi ibonakala njengokukhula okunamafutha amnyama, amnyama noma abomvu. Awonawo amaqembu amaseli akhiqiza i-pigment, aziwa ngokuthi yi-nevi. I-Dermatoses papulosa nigra ivame kakhulu kubantu abamnyama. Lezi zilonda azinayo ingozi ye-melanoma, kodwa zingaphathwa njengokukhathazeka kwe-cosmetic. I-mole ingaba uphawu lomdlavuza wesikhumba uma inemikhawulo engavamile noma isakhiwo esingalingani, noma uma ishintsha umbala, isakhiwo, ubukhulu noma ubude. Lo mhlahlandlela we-ABCDE ungakusiza ukuba ukhumbule ukuthi yini okufanele uyilinde: I-A yisimo esingalingani. Ingxenye eyodwa ayifani nenye ingxenye. I-B yimikhawulo. Bheka ama-moles anemiqondo engavamile, ecindezelwe noma ehlukanisiwe. I-C yizinguquko zombala. Bheka ukukhula okushintshe umbala, okunemibala eminingi noma okunembala engalingani. I-D yububanzi. Bheka ukukhula okusha ku-mole enkulu kunama-1/4 intshi (cishe ama-6 mm). I-E yiyona eguqukayo. Bheka ama-moles ashintsha ngobukhulu, isakhiwo, umbala noma ubude. Futhi, izimpawu ezintsha zingavela, njengokukhahlela noma ukuphuza igazi. Ama-moles e-cancerous, aziwa nangokuthi yi-moles e-malignant, ahluka kakhulu ngokuthi abonakala kanjani. Amanye angabonisa zonke izinguquko ezibalwe ngenhla. Amanye angaba nokuqina okukodwa noma amabili. Yenza i-aphoyintimenti nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uma i-mole ibukeka ingavamile, ikhula noma ishintsha ngenye indlela.

Bika isikhathi sokubona udokotela wakho uma iinwele ibukeka ingavamile, ikhula noma ishintsha ngenye indlela.

I-Melanin iyipigimenti yendalo enikeza isikhumba sakho umbala. Yenziwa yiiseli ebizwa ngokuthi yi-melanocytes.

Ama-Moles abangelwa yiiseli zesikhumba ebizwa ngokuthi yi-melanocytes ezikhula ngamaqembu. Ngokuvamile i-Melanocytes isabalala kulo lonke isikhumba. Zenza i-melanin, i-pigimenti yendalo enikeza isikhumba umbala.

I-melanoma iwukukhubazeka okukhulu kwama-moles. Abanye abantu banengozi ephezulu kunokulinganiselwe yokuthi ama-moles abo abe yomdlavuza futhi aholele e-melanoma. Izici ezikhuphula ingozi ye-melanoma zifaka:

• Ukuzalwa nama-moles amakhulu. Lolu hlobo lwama-moles lubizwa ngokuthi yi-congenital nevi. Luhlukaniswe ngokusekelwe ebukhoneni bawo obuqikelelwayo ebuntwini. Ama-congenital nevi amakhulu kanye nawo amakhulu kakhulu angaphezu kwama-sentimitha angu-20 ububanzi anengozi enkulu yokuthuthukisa i-melanoma.
• Ukuba nama-moles angavamile. Ama-moles amakhulu anemphetho engavamile aziwa ngokuthi yi-atypical nevi, aziwa nangokuthi yi-dysplastic nevi. Athambekele ekubeni emindenini.
• Ukuba nama-moles amaningi. Ukuba nama-moles angaphezu kwama-50 kusikisela ingozi enkulu ye-melanoma kanye mhlawumbe nomdlavuza wamabele.
• Ukuba nomlando siqu noma womndeni we-melanoma. Uma uke waba ne-melanoma ngaphambili, kunengozi enkulu yokuthola i-melanoma futhi. Futhi, ezinye izinhlobo ze-atypical nevi ziholela e-melanoma yofuzo.
• Ukusebenzisa izibani noma imibhede yokubhaka. Izibani nemibhede yokubhaka zikhulula imisebe ye-UV futhi zingakhuphula ingozi yakho yomdlavuza wesikhumba.

Lezi zinyathelo zilandelayo zingasiza ekunciphiseni ukukhula kwama-moles kanye nenkinga elikhulu lama-moles: i-melanoma. Jwayelana nendawo kanye nesakhiwo sama-moles akho. Bheka njalo isikhumba sakho ukuze ubone izinguquko ezingase zibonise i-melanoma. Zihlole isikhumba sakho njalo ngenyanga. Ngosizo lwamanaliti, yenza ukuhlola okuqala kuze kube sekugcineni, okuhlanganisa:

• Ikhanda.
• Izandla nezinzipho.
• Ama-armpits.
• Isifuba.
• Imilenze.
• Izinyawo, kuhlanganise izithende naphakathi kwezinzwane.
• Indawo yobudoda naphakathi kwama-buttocks. Khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nezici zakho ezingozi ze-melanoma nokuthi udinga ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba komqeqeshi njalo. Thatha izinyathelo zokuvikela isikhumba sakho ekukhanyeni kwe-ultraviolet (UV), njengokukhanya kwelanga noma ama-tanning beds. Ukukhanya kwe-UV kuye kwahlanganiswa nenkinga enkulu ye-melanoma. Futhi abantwana abangazange avikelwe ekukhanyeni kwelanga bathambekele ekukhuleni kwama-moles amaningi.
• Gwema ilanga ngezikhathi ze-peak. Kubantu abaningi eNyakatho Melika, imisebe yelanga inamandla kakhulu phakathi kwama-10 ekuseni nama-2 ntambama. Zama ukuhlela imisebenzi yangaphandle ngezikhathi ezingezona lezo, ngisho nangosuku oluvunguzekile noma ebusika. Uma ungaphandle, funa umthunzi noma sebenzisa i-umbrella ukuze uzivimbele elangeni.
• Sebenzisa i-sunscreen unyaka wonke. Faka i-sunscreen esikhumbeni esomile cishe imizuzu engu-15 ngaphambi kokuphuma, ngisho nangosuku oluvunguzekile. Sebenzisa i-sunscreen ebanzi, ephila emanzini ene-SPF okungenani engu-30. Yifake ngokukhulu futhi uyifake kabusha njalo ngemizuzu emibili - noma ngokuphindaphindiwe uma ugeza noma uqeda ukubila.
• Gqoka izingubo ezivikelayo. Izibuko zelanga, iziqalo eziqine kakhulu, izingubo ezinde nezinye izingubo zingakuvikela emisebeni ye-UV eyonakalayo. Ungase ufune ukucabanga ngezingubo ezenziwe ngendwangu ekhethekile yokuvimbela ukukhanya kwe-UV.
• Ungasebenzisi ama-tanning lamps noma ama-beds. Ama-tanning lamps nama-beds akhipha imisebe ye-UV engakhuphula ingozi yakho yomdlavuza wesikhumba.

Uchwepheshe wakho wezempilo angakwazi ukuxilonga ama-moles ngokubuka isikhumba sakho. Ngesikhathi sokuxilongwa kwesikhumba, uchwepheshe wakho wezempilo ubheka isikhumba sakho kusukela ekhanda kuya ezinyaweni. Uma uchwepheshe wakho wezempilo ecabanga ukuthi i-mole ingaba yiyona ebangela umdlavuza, isuswa bese ithunyelwa elabhoratri ukuze ihlolwe ngaphansi komkhiqizo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi yi-biopsy.

Ungase ukhethe ukwenza ukuhlolwa kwesikhumba kube yingxenye ejwayelekile yokunakekelwa kwakho kwezokwelapha okuvimbelayo. Xoxa nochwepheshe wakho wezempilo ngohlelo olufanele wena.