Ama-Moles yini? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, & Ukwelashwa

Ama-moles amancane, ngokuvamile amabala amnyama olukhuni oluvela uma amaseli aphethwe yi-pigment ekhula eziqenjini kunokuba asabalale ngokulinganayo. Abantu abaningi bane-moles phakathi kuka-10 kuya ku-40 emzimbeni wabo, futhi kuyinto evamile ngokuphelele. Lokhu kukhula kwesikhumba okuvamile kuvame ukuvela ngesikhathi sobuntwana nasesikhathini sobukhulu, yize kungabonakala kunoma yiliphi iminyaka.

Ama-moles yini?

Ama-moles yiqembu lama-melanocytes, okuyilawo amaseli anika isikhumba sakho umbala. Uma la maseli akhiqiza i-pigment ehlanganisene ndawonye esikhundleni sokuba asabalale ngokulinganayo, akha amabala amnyama asijwayele ukubiza ngama-moles. Cabanga ngawo njengezikhungo ezincane lapho amaseli ombala enqamile khona ukuhlala eduze.

Ama-moles amaningi awonakali futhi ahlala njalo ngokuphila kwakho konke. Angabonakala kunoma yikuphi emzimbeni wakho, kusukela ezinweleni zakho kuya ezinyaweni zakho. Abanye abantu bazalwa be nama-moles, kanti abanye bayathuthukisa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngenxa yokukhanya kwelanga kanye nezakhiwo.

Igama lezokwelapha le-mole evamile yi-“nevus,” futhi uma odokotela bekhuluma ngama-moles amaningi, bayawabiza ngokuthi “nevi.” La ma-moles avamile ahlukile kuma-moles angavamile angadinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.

Ziyini izimpawu zama-moles?

Ama-moles ajwayelekile anamakha aqinisekile asize ekuwahlukaniseni ezinguqukweni zesikhumba ezinobuhlungu. Ama-moles amaningi aphilile ahlanganyela izici ezifanayo ezihlala zihlala njalo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Nanku ukuthi ama-moles ajwayelekile abonakala kanjani:

• Ukuma okunjengendilinga noma ukuma okunjengobovo olunemiqondo ebushelelezi, elinganayo
• Umbala olinganayo, ngokuvamile oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, oluthambile, noma olukhanyayo
• Kulula phezu kwesikhumba noma kuphakamile kancane
• Kuncane kunesihluthulelo sepensela (cishe ama-millimeter angu-6)
• Ukuma obuthambile noma obukhulu kancane
• Kungaba nezinwele ezikhula kuwo

Ama-moles ajwayelekile awaphangi, awagqibi igazi, noma abangeli ubuhlungu. Ngokuvamile ahlala ngosayizi, ukuma, nombala iminyaka eminingi. Amanye ama-moles angase aphele kancane njengoba ukhula, okuyinto evamile.

Nokho, kufanele uqaphele noma iyiphi iminwe eqala ukushintsha. Ukushintsha ngobukhulu, ukuma, umbala, ukubunjwa, noma imizwa ngezinye izikhathi kungabonisa inkinga edinga ukuhlolwa kwemithi.

Imikhakha yemibala yini?

Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zemibala, ngayinye inezici ezihlukile. Ukuqonda lezi zinhlobo kungakusiza ukuthi uqaphele kahle isikhumba sakho futhi wazi ukuthi yini evamile kuwe.

Izinhlobo ezivamile zihlanganisa:

Imibala Evamile (Acquired Nevi)

Lezi yimibala yansuku zonke abantu abaningi abayithola ngesikhathi sobuntwana nasesikhathini sobukhulu. Ngokuvamile incinyane, iyizungezile, futhi inombala ofanayo. Imibala evamile ayivame ukuba yomdlavuza futhi ithathelwa ingqalelo njengokujwayelekile ngokuphelele.

Imibala Ezelwe Nayo (Congenital Moles)

Uzalanwa nale mibala, futhi ikhona kusukela ekuzalweni. Imibala emincane ezelwe nayo ivame kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile ayinabi ubungozi. Imibala emikhulu ezelwe nayo (eyinkulu kune-intshi eziyi-8) ayivamile kodwa ingaba nenkinga encane yokuthuthukisa i-melanoma ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Imibala Engavamile (Dysplastic Nevi)

Le mibala ibukeka ehlukile kwimibala evamile futhi ingaba mikhulu, ingalingani, noma inombala ongafanayo. Nakuba iningi lemibala engavamile lingabi yomdlavuza, ukuba nenani elikhulu layo kungandisa ingozi yakho yonke ye-melanoma. Ngokuvamile ivela emindenini.

Spitz Nevi

Lezi yimibala engavamile engabonakala iphakeme futhi inezimo ezinjenge-dome, ngokuvamile inombala opinki noma obomvu. Ivame kakhulu kubantwana nasebasha. Nakuba ngokuvamile ingabi yingozi, ngezinye izikhathi kunzima ukuyihlukanisa ne-melanoma, ngakho odokotela bavame ukuncoma ukususwa kwayo ukuze kuhlolwe.

Yini ebangela imibala?

Imibala ithuthukiswa lapho ama-melanocytes, amakhemikhali esikhumba sakho, ekhula ngamaqembu esikhundleni sokuba sasabalala ngokulinganayo kulo lonke isikhumba sakho. Lokhu kuhlanganiswa kwenzeka ngenxa yokuxuba kwezinto zofuzo nemiphumela yemvelo.

Izici eziningi zinikezela ekuthuthukiseni kwemibala:

Izinto Zofuzo

I-jini lakho lidla indima enkulu ekuqondiseni ukuthi uzoba namabala amaningi kangakanani nokuthi azovela kuphi. Uma abazali bakho noma abazalwana bakho banambala amaningi, cishe nawe uzobe unayo. Imindeni eminingi iphethe i-jini eliwenza abe nomkhuba wokuthuthukisa amabala angavamile.

Ukukhanya Kwelanga

Ukuqhuma kombani oluvela elangeni noma emakamelweni okuqhekeza kungabangela ukwakheka kwamabala amasha, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwesikhathi sobuntwana nasesikhathini sokuqala. Abantu abachitha isikhathi esiningi elangeni noma ababenamabala okushisa okukhulu njengabantwana bavame ukuthuthukisa amabala amaningi. Kungakho amabala evame kakhulu ezindaweni ezidwetshwe ilanga njengobuso, izingalo, nemuva.

Ukushintsha Kwe-Hormone

Ama-hormone angathinta ukuthuthukiswa nokubonakala kwamabala. Abantu abaningi baphawula amabala amasha noma ukushintsha kwamabala akhona ngesikhathi sokuqala, ukukhulelwa, noma ngenkathi bethatha imithi yama-hormone. Lezi zinguquko zivame ukuba njalo kodwa kufanele ziqaphelwe.

Ubudala

Amabala amaningi avele ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-30, isikhathi esiphezulu siwukuthi phakathi neminyaka yobusha neye-twenties. Akukho okuvamile ukuthuthukisa amabala amasha ngemuva kweminyaka engama-30, ngakho noma yimaphi amabala amnyama amasha avele kamuva ekuphileni kufanele ahlolwe udokotela.

Nini okumele ubona udokotela ngamabala?

Nakuba amabala amaningi engenangozi, izinguquko ezithile noma izici zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Okubalulekile ukuthi wazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyilinde futhi nini kufanele ufuna ukuhlolwa kochwepheshe.

Kufanele ubona udokotela uma uqaphela noma yiziphi izimpawu zezexwayiso:

Umthetho We-ABCDE

Odokotela basebenzisa leli gama elifushane eliwusizo ukuhlonza amabala angase abe nokukhathazeka:

• Asymmetry: Ingxenye eyodwa ayifanani nenye ingxenye
• Border: Izinhlangothi azilungile, zihlanzekile, noma ziqhekekile
• Color: Imibala eminingi noma ukusabalala kombala okungalingani
• Diameter: Inkulu kunesihluthulelo sepensela (6mm)
• Evolving: Ukushintsha ngobukhulu, ukuma, umbala, noma ukubunjwa

Ezinye Izimpawu Zexwayiso

Ngaphezu komthetho we-ABCDE, izimpawu ezithile zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokuqinisekile:

• Ukuphuza igazi, ukuqhuma, noma ukubumba ihlati
• Ukukhahlela, ubuhlungu, noma ubuhlungu
• Amabala amasha evela ngemva kweminyaka engama-30
• Ibala elibukeka lihlukile kakhulu kumabala akho amanye
• Ibala elilodwa nje elibubukeka lingalungile kuwe

Themba izinzwa zakho mayelana nokwakho. Uma kukhona okubonakala kungalungile ngebala, kuhlale kungcono ukuyihlola. Ukutholwa kwesikhathi sokuqala komdlavuza wesikhumba kuholela emiphumeleni emihle kakhulu.

Iyini izingozi zokuthuthukisa amabala?

Izici eziningi zingandisa amathuba akho okukhula kwamabala noma ukuba namabala amaningi kunokulinganiselwe. Ukuqonda lezi zici zingozi kungakusiza ukuthi unakekele kahle isikhumba sakho futhi uqaphele kakhulu.

Izici eziyinhloko zengozi zihlanganisa:

Ukuthambekela Kwezakhiwo

Umlando womndeni ungumqondisi oqine kakhulu wokuthuthukiswa kwanoma yiliphi ibala. Uma izihlobo zakho eziseduze zinebala elihle noma amabala angavamile, cishe uzowathuthukisa nawe. Ezinye izimo zezakhiwo, njengomdlavuza we-familial atypical multiple mole melanoma syndrome, zikhuphula kakhulu kokubili ukuthuthukiswa kwanoma yiliphi ibala kanye nengozi yomdlavuza we-melanoma.

Isikhumba Esikhanyayo

Abantu abanesikhumba esikhanyayo, izinwele, namehlo bavame ukuthuthukisa amabala amaningi. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isikhumba esikhanyayo asinayo insiza yemvelo yokulwa nokuvezwa yi-UV, okwenza kube lula ukushintsha kweselula okwenza amabala. Noma kunjalo, abantu abanesikhumba esimnyama bangathuthukisa amabala futhi kufanele baqaphele njengoba nje.

Umbali Wokubekwa Elukhanyeni Lelanga

Ukuvezwa okukhulu noma okuvamile elangeni, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sobuntwana, kukhuphula ukuthuthukiswa kwamabala. Abantu ababehlala ezindaweni ezishisayo, basebenza ngaphandle, noma babe nezilonda eziningi ezinkulu zelanga bavame ukuba namabala amaningi. Ngisho nezinkathi ezimfushane zokubekwa elangeni elikhulu zingabangela ukwakheka kwamabala amasha.

Ubudala nobulili

Amabala amaningi avele ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-30, ngokukhula okukhulu phakathi neminyaka yobusha. Abafazi bangase baphawule ukushintsha kwamabala ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwamahomoni. Amadoda avame ukuthola amabala emilenzeni, kanti abesifazane bavame ukuwathola ezinyaweni.

Uhlelo Lokukhusela Olubuthakathaka

Abantu abanezimpawu zokukhusela ezibuthakathaka, kungaba ngenxa yezimo zezokwelapha noma imithi, bangase babe sengozini enkulu yokuthuthukisa amabala angavamile. Lokhu kuhlanganisa abantu abamukele ukuhlinzwa kwamalungu omzimba nabantu abanezifo ezithile zokuziphatha komzimba.

Ziyini izinhlanganisela ezingaba khona ngamabala?

Nakuba iningi lamabala lihlala lingonakali ekuphileni kwakho konke, kunezinkinga ezithile ezingaba khona okufanele uzazi. Ukuqonda lezi zinto ezingaba khona kukusiza uhlale ulindile ngaphandle kokukhathazeka kakhulu.

Ukukhathazeka okukhulu ngamabala yithuba lokuguqulwa okubi:

Ukuthuthukiswa kweMelanoma

Inkinga enkulu kunazo zonke iwukuthi ibala libe yi-melanoma, uhlobo lomdlavuza wesikhumba. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho amaseli e-pigment ebhaleni eqala ukukhula ngokungenamkhawulo. Ngenhlanhla, lokhu kuyinto engavamile, eyenzeka kumaphesenti angaphansi kuka-1% wamabala onke. Noma kunjalo, i-melanoma ingaba yingozi eyingozi uma ingabanjwa ngokushesha, kungakho kubalulekile ukulandelela amabala.

Abantu abanawo amabala amaningi (ngaphezu kuka-50) noma amabala angavamile banengozi enkulu yokuthuthukisa i-melanoma endaweni ethile emzimbeni. Umhlaza awenzi lutho ngokuthuthukiswa kwibala elikhona; ungase futhi ubonakale njengendawo entsha, engathandeki.

Ukucaphuna Okwenyama

Amabala ezindaweni ezihlala zithinta njalo, njengaphansi kwezibhande ze-bra, amabhande, noma lapho ugeza khona, angase acasuke. Lokhu kucaphuna kungabangela ukuphuza igazi, ubuhlungu, noma ukushintsha okubonakalayo okungase kuphikiswe into enkulu.

Ukukhathazeka Ngobuhle

Abanye abantu bazizwa benesizungu ngamabala abonakalayo, ikakhulukazi amakhulu ebusweni noma kwezinye izindawo ezivelele. Nakuba lokhu kungeyona inkinga yezokwelapha, kungathinta ikhwalithi yokuphila nokukhazimula.

Izinkinga Ezingavamile

Kuyabangelwa kakhulu, amabala amakhulu azalwa nawo angathuthukisa ezinye izinhlobo zezimpumputhe zesikhumba noma izinkinga zezinzwa. Lokhu kuvame kakhulu kumabala amakhulu azalwa nawo ahlanganisa izindawo ezinkulu zomzimba.

Khumbula, lezi zinkinga azivamile, futhi amabala amaningi ngeke abe nazinkinga. Ukuhlola okuvamile kwesikhumba nokubheka kwesikhathi esisheshayo kwezinguquko ezikhathazayo yilona gcina elihle kakhulu.

Ukuthuthukiswa kwamabala kungavinjelwa kanjani?

Nakuba ungakwazi ukuvimbela ngokuphelele amabala njengoba igenetics idlala indima enkulu kangaka, unganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokuthuthukisa amanye amasha nokuvikela amabala akhona ukuthi angabi yinkinga.

Ukuvikelwa Kwelanga

Iqhinga eliphumelelayo kakhulu lokuvimbela ukuvikela isikhumba sakho ekukhanyeni kwe-UV:

• Sebenzisa i-sunscreen ebanzi-spectrum ene-SPF 30 noma ngaphezulu nsuku zonke
• Funani isithunzi ngesikhathi sehora lelanga elikhulu (10 AM kuya ku-4 PM)
• Gqoka izingubo ezivikelayo, iziqalo ezinobanzi, nezibuko zokuvikela i-UV
• Gwema imibhede yokubhaka nezinsimbi zelanga ngokuphelele
• Qaphela kakhulu ezindaweni ezibonakalayo njengamanzi, isihlabathi, neqhwa

Ukuvikelwa Kwasekuqaleni Kwelanga

Ukuvikela izingane ekukhanyeni kwelanga okukhulu kubaluleke kakhulu njengoba amabala amaningi athuthuka ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-30. Ukufundisa izingane imikhuba emihle yokuphepha kwelanga nokuvimbela ukushisa kwelanga okukhulu kunganciphisa ukuthuthukiswa kwamabala okuphila kwabo konke kanye nengozi yomdlavuza wesikhumba.

Ukuqapha Okuvamile Kwesikhumba

Nakuba lokhu kungavimbeli amabala, ukuhlolwa kwakho siqu okuvamile kuzokusiza uqaphele izinguquko ngokushesha. Hlola isikhumba sakho njalo ngenyanga ekukhanyeni okuhle, usebenzisa izigqoko ukubona izindawo ezinzima ukufinyelela kuzo. Thatha izithombe zamabala angavamile ukuze uqaphele izinguquko ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ukuhlolwa Kwesikhumba Kwabasebenzi

Kuyelulekwa ukuvakashela ochwepheshe bezikhumba unyaka wonke kubantu abasezingozini eziphezulu, kufaka phakathi labo abanawo amabala amaningi, amabala angavamile, noma umlando womndeni womdlavuza wesikhumba. Udokotela wakho angaqala isisekelo futhi aqaphe izinguquko ngokuphumelelayo kunalokho ongakwenza wedwa.

Khumbula, ukuvimbela kuhilela ukunciphisa ingozi, hhayi ukuyisusa ngokuphelele. Ukukhula kwemibala eminye kuyingxenye nje yokuguquguquka komuntu ojwayelekile kanye nezakhiwo zezofu.

Imibala ihlonishwa kanjani?

Ukuhlola imibala kuhilela kokubili ukuhlolwa ngeso lenyama, futhi uma kudingeka, ukuhlaziywa ngamamaycrocope. Udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa amasu ambalwa ukuze aqinisekise ukuthi imbala ingokwemvelo noma ingadingi ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo.

Ukuhlolwa Komzimba

Udokotela wakho kuqala uzohlola imbala ngeso lenyama, ebuka usayizi wayo, isakhiwo, umbala, kanye nokwakheka. Uzokubuzisa nganoma yiziphi izinguquko ozibonile nokuthi imbala isikhathi esingakanani ibilokho. Lokhu kuhlolwa kokuqala kusiza ekuqondeni ukuthi ingabe kukhona ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo okudingekayo.

I-Dermoscopy

Odokotela abaningi basebenzisa i-dermoscope, idivayisi ekhethekile yokukhulisa enezibani ezihlanganisiwe, ukuhlola imibala eduze. Leli thuluzi lembula izakhiwo nezici ezingabonakali ngeso lenyama, okusiza ekuhlukaniseni phakathi kwemibala evamile neyehlukile. Kufana nokuthi une-magnifying glass enamandla ekhethekile eklanywe ngokukhethekile ukuhlola isikhumba.

Ukuthwebula Izithombe Zedijithali

Abanye ochwepheshe bezikhumba bathatha izithombe ezinemininingwane yemibala yenu ukuze balandelele izinguquko ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lokhu kwenziwa ngokukhethekile kubantu abanezimbala eziningi noma labo abasezingozini eziphezulu zomdlavuza wesikhumba. Lezi zithombe zisebenza njengesisekelo sokuqhathanisa kwesikhathi esizayo.

I-Biopsy

Uma imbala ibukeka iyinkinga, udokotela wakho angakuncoma i-biopsy, ehilela ukususa ingxenye noma yonke imbala ukuze ihlolwe ngamamaycrocope. Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-biopsies:

• I-Shave biopsy: Isusa izigaba eziphezulu zembala
• I-Punch biopsy: Isebenzisa ithuluzi eliyisangqa ukususa isampula encane, ejulile
• I-Excisional biopsy: Isusa yonke imbala kanye nezinye izicubu ezizungezile

Inkqubo yokuthatha i-biopsy ivame ukuba mfishane futhi yenziwa ngokusebenzisa i-anesthesia yendawo. Isibonelo sethishu bese sihlolwa yi-pathologist engabona ukuthi i-mole ingaphili noma idinga ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo.

Iyini impilo yama-moles?

Ama-moles amaningi awadingi ukwelashwa ngoba awonakali nhlobo. Noma kunjalo, uma ukwelashwa kudingeka, kunezindlela eziningi eziphumelelayo ezitholakalayo kuye ngezici ze-mole nendawo yayo.

Ukubuka

„Ukwelashwa“ okuvamile kwama-moles ajwayelekile ukubabuka nje ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Udokotela wakho angakuncoma ukuhlolwa njalo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi i-mole ihlala iqinile. Le ndlela ifanele ama-moles ajwayelekile angenawo amaphuzu akhathazayo.

Ukususa Ngokuhlinzwa

Uma i-mole idinga ukususwa, ukususa ngokuhlinzwa yindlela evamile kakhulu:

• Ukususa ngokukrazula: I-mole ikrazulwa ezingeni lesikhumba ngesikali
• Ukususa Ngokuhlinzwa: Yonke i-mole isiqoshwa ndawonye nomda omncane wesikhumba esijwayelekile
• Ukususa nge-punch: Ithuluzi lokusika eliyindilinga lisusa i-mole nezinye izicubu ezizungezile

Lezi zinqubo zivame ukwenziwa ehhovisi lika-dokotela ngaphansi kwe-anesthesia yendawo. Ukukhetha indlela kuncike ebukhoneni be-mole, indawo, nokuthi idinga ukuhlolwa ngomdlavuza.

Ukususa Ngokusebenzisa i-Laser

Ukwelashwa nge-laser kusetshenziswa kuma-moles amancane, abukhulu, ikakhulukazi lawo akhethiwe ukususwa ngezizathu zokuhlobisa. Noma kunjalo, le ndlela ayivumeli ukuhlolwa kwezicubu, ngakho-ke ifanele ama-moles acacile angaphili angadingi i-biopsy.

Uma Ukwelashwa Kunconywe

Odokotela bavame ukuncoma ukususwa kwe-mole uma:

• I-mole ibonisa izimpawu zomdlavuza onokwenzeka
• Iyakhathazeka njalo izingubo noma ukugeza
• Iphuma igazi noma ibe buhlungu
• Umgcini ucela ukususwa ngezizathu zokuhlobisa
• I-mole ayijwayelekile futhi idinga ukubhekwa

Ngemva kokususwa, indawo ivamise ukuphulukana phakathi namasonto ambalwa. Udokotela wakho uzokunika imiyalo ekhethekile yokunakekela ngemuva ukuze kukhuthazwe ukuphulukana okuhle futhi kunciphise amabala.

Indlela yokuphatha ama-moles ekhaya?

Nakuba ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kuphatha izinkinga ezinkulu zama-moles, kunezinto eziningi ongazenza ekhaya ukuze unakekele ama-moles akho futhi uqaphe impilo yakho yesikhumba ngokuphumelelayo.

Ukuhlola Okuzenzakalelayo Kwenyanga Yonke

Yenza ukuhlola okuphelele kwesikhumba kanye ngenyanga ekamelweni elikhanyisiwe kahle elinamagilasini amahle. Bheka yonke ingxenye yomzimba wakho, kufaka phakathi izindawo ezingatholi ukukhanya kwelanga. Sebenzisa isibuko sesandla noma ucele umlingani ukuba akusize uhlole umhlane wakho, ikhanda lakho, nezinye izindawo ezinzima ukubona.

Phakathi kokuhlola kwakho, funa noma yiziphi izinguquko kuma-moles akhona noma amabala amasha abonakala. Qaphela noma yini ebonakala ehlukile kuma-moles akho amanye noma eshintshile kusukela ekukhaleni kwakho kokugcina.

Ukuqopha Izithombe

Cabanga ukuthwebula izithombe zama-moles angavamile noma ashintshayo ukuze uqaphele ukubonakala kwawo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Sebenzisa ukukhanya okuzinzile nokude okunembile kakhulu. Lo mbhalo ungasiza uma uxoxa ngezinkinga nodokotela wakho.

Ukuvikelwa Ekucasukeni

Uma unama-moles ezindaweni ezivame ukugqamile, thatha izinyathelo zokubavikela:

• Sebenzisa amasoseji abuthakathaka, angenamphunga nama-moisturizers
• Qaphela uma ugeza ngezinwele ezizungezile ama-moles
• Khetha izingubo ezingagqami ema-moles avelele
• Faka amabhande noma i-padding uma kudingeka ukuvimbela ukucaphuna

Ukuvikelwa Kwelanga

Qhubeka uvikela isikhumba sakho ekubeni lilimale yi-UV ukuvimbela ama-moles amasha nokuvikela alawo akhona. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukusebenzisa i-sunscreen nsuku zonke, izingubo ezivikela, nokugwema amahora elanga aphezulu uma kungenzeka.

Okungafanele Ukwenze

Gwema ukuzama ukususama-moles ngokwakho usebenzisa izindlela zokwelapha zasekhaya, ukwelashwa okungenamthetho, noma izithuluzi zokusika. Lezi zindlela zingaba yingozi, zingabangela amabala noma ukutheleleka, futhi zivimbele ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha okufanele uma i-mole ingavamile.

Ungalokothi unakanga izinguquko ezinkulu ekhanda, ubeka ithemba lokuthi ziyozixazulula zodwa. Ukunakekelwa kwasekuseni kwezokwelapha ngezinguquko ezinkulu kuholela emiphumeleni emihle uma ukwelashwa kuyadingeka.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani isikhathi sakho sokuya kudokotela?

Ukulungiselela isikhathi sakho sokuya kudokotela kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukunakekelwa okuphelele futhi ungakhohlwa imininingwane ebalulekile ngamakhala akho noma izinkinga zesikhumba.

Ngaphambi Kwendwendwelo Yakho

Zinike isikhathi sokuhlola isikhumba sakho ngokuphelele ngaphambi kokubona udokotela. Bhala phansi noma yimaphi amakhala akuhluphayo, kufaka phakathi ukuthi uqale nini ukubona izinguquko nokuthi yiziphi izinguquko ozibonile. Lokhu kulungiselela kuzokusiza ukuba uxhumane kahle nodokotela wakho.

Butha ulwazi olufanele mayelana nomlando wakho wezokwelapha nowomndeni wakho:

• Bala noma yibaphi amalungu omndeni abene kansala yesikhumba noma amakhala angavamile
• Qaphela umlando wakho siqu wokubekwa elangeni, ukushiswa yilanga, noma ukusebenzisa imishini yokubhentsha
• Letha uhlu lwemithi nemithi yokuncedisa eseyona
• Khumbula noma yiziphi izivivinyo zesikhumba noma ukwelashwa kwangaphambili

Okufanele Ukuzise

Uma uthathe izithombe zamakhala ashintshayo, zizise ukuze uzibonise udokotela. Letha futhi uhlu lwemibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza, njengoba kulula ukukhohlwa izinkinga ezibalulekile ngesikhathi sokubona udokotela.

Izingubo Okufanele Uzigqoke

Gqoka izingubo ezivumela ukufinyelela kalula ezindaweni ezihluphayo ngenkathi ugcina ududuzela. Gwema ukugqoka ubucwebe, i-nail polish, noma imikhiqizo yezinwele engase iphazamise ukuhlolwa.

Imibuzo Okufanele Uyibuze

Cabanga ukuthi ubuze udokotela wakho:

• Kufanele ngihlole kanjani isikhumba sami?
• Yiziphi izinguquko engingazilinda emaqaleni ami?
• Kufanele ngihlolwe kaningi kangakanani isikhumba sami ngumuntu ophethe?
• Ingabe noma yimaphi amakhala ami abhekwa njengangavamile noma engozi enkulu?
• Yiziphi izindlela zokuvikela ilanga ezibaluleke kakhulu kimi?

Ungangabazi ukubuza uma ungaqondi lutho. Udokotela wakho ufuna ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ulwazi kahle ngempilo yakho yesikhumba.

Iyini into ebaluleke kakhulu ngama-moles?

Ama-moles avame kakhulu futhi cishe awonakali ingxenye yesikhumba somuntu esijwayelekile. Iningi labantu linama-moles, futhi iningi lalezi zindawo ngeke libe nezingqinamba kulo lonke impilo yabo.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi ukwazi nokuqapha yizona zinto ezinhle kakhulu zokugcina isikhumba siphilile. Yazi ukuthi ama-moles akho abukeka kanjani ngokujwayelekile, ahlole njalo, futhi ungangabazi ukufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha uma ubona izinguquko noma unezinye izinkinga.

Nakuba kungenzeka ukuba nomdlavuza wesikhumba, kubalulekile ukugcina le ngozi icatshangelwe. Ngokuvikelwa okulungile kwelanga, ukuqapha okujwayelekile, nokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo uma kudingeka, ungaphatha kahle impilo yakho yesikhumba. Iningi lama-moles akhathazayo, uma ebanjwa ngokushesha, lingaphathwa ngempumelelo.

Themba izinzwa zakho ngesikhumba sakho. Uyazi umzimba wakho ngaphezu kwanoma ubani, futhi uma kukhona okungabonakali noma okungazizwa kulungile, kuhlale kufanele ukuhlolwa yisazi sezokwelapha. Ukutholakala kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nokuphathwa kuholela emiphumeleni emihle kakhulu kunoma yiziphi izinkinga zesikhumba.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa ngama-moles

Ingabe ama-moles angaveleka ngokuzumayo kubantu abadala?

Nakuba ama-moles amaningi athuthukiswa ngaphambi kweminyaka engama-30, ama-moles amasha angaveleka ngezinye izikhathi kubantu abadala. Noma kunjalo, noma iyiphi indawo emnyama entsha evela ngemuva kweminyaka engama-30 kufanele ihlolwe udokotela, njengoba ingase ibe yinto engaphezu kwe-mole enhle. Izinguquko zamahomoni, ukukhanya kwelanga, noma ezinye izinto ngezinye izikhathi zingabangela ukuthuthukiswa kwe-mole entsha ngisho nakubantu abadala.

Ingabe kuyinto evamile ukuthi ama-moles abe noboya obukhula kuwo?

Yebo, kuyinto eqondile futhi empeleni luphawu oluhle uma izinwele zikhula esikhumba. Ukukhula kwezinwele kubonisa ukuthi isikhumba sinempilo, ama-follicles ezinhwele asebenza kahle, okuyinto evamile kuma-moles angenangozi. Ungazikhipha noma uzisike izinwele uma zikukhathaza, kodwa gwema ukuqhubeka uthukuthelisa isikhumba. Ukukhula kwezinwele esikhumbeni akwandisi ingozi yomdlavuza.

Ingabe ama-moles adluliselwa emindenini?

Impela. Ukuthambekela kokuthuthukisa ama-moles kuzuzwe kakhulu. Uma abazali bakho noma abafowenu banamoles amaningi, cishe nawe uzobe unayo. Imindeni eminye iphethe ama-genes aholela kuma-moles angavamile noma ukwanda kengozi yomdlavuza we-melanoma. Kungakho-ke umlando womndeni uyingxenye ebalulekile yokuhlola ingozi yakho yomdlavuza wesikhumba.

Ingabe ukukhulelwa kungathinta ama-moles akhona?

Ukukhulelwa kungabangela ukuguquka kwama-moles akhona ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwamahomoni. Ama-moles angaba mnyama, amakhulu, noma aphakamile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Nakuba izinhlangothi eziningi zalezi zinguquko zivamile, kubalulekile ukulandelela ama-moles ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa futhi ubike noma yiziphi izingozi odokotela. Izinhlangothi eziningi ezihlobene nokukhulelwa ziyaphela ngemva kokubeletha.

Kufanele ngikhathazeke yini uma i-mole ishintsha umbala kancane?

Noma yiluphi ushintsho lombala kwi-mole kufanele luhlolwe yi-medical, ngisho noma ushintsho lubonakala luluncane. Nakuba ukumnyama kancane kungaba okuvamile, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuhluka kwamahomoni, kuhlale kungcono ukuba ushintsho lombala uhlolwe uchwepheshe. Ukuhluka kombala ngokuzumayo, imibala eminingi ngaphakathi kwe-mole eyodwa, noma ukulahleka kombala kuyikhathazo futhi kufanele kuhlolwe ngokushesha.