Ukuthi yini i-Morphea? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, kanye Nokwelashwa

I-Morphea yisimo sesikhumba esenza izindawo zesikhumba zibe zinzima, ziqine, futhi zishintshe umbala. Yilona uhlobo oluthile lwe-scleroderma oluthinta kuphela isikhumba nezinsimbi ezingezansi, kungabi khona ukuthinta amalunga angaphakathi njengoba kunjalo ezinye izimo ezinzima.

Lesi simo sivela lapho umzimba wakho ukhulisa i-collagen eningi ezindaweni ezithile zesikhumba sakho. Cabanga nge-collagen njengopuroteni olunika isikhumba sakho ubukhulu namandla. Uma kukhona okuningi kakhulu kuso endaweni eyodwa, leyo ndawo iba yeqinile futhi ivame ukushintsha umbala, idala izindawo ezibonakalayo ezichaza i-morphea.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-morphea?

Uphawu olukhulu lwe-morphea ukubonakala kwesinye noma ngaphezulu kwezindawo zesikhumba sakho ezizizwa zihlukile kunendawo ezizungezile. Lezi zindawo ngokuvamile ziqala njengemicu ebomvu noma ephuzi ecishe ibe nzima futhi ibe mnyama ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Nawa ama-symptom avamile ongawaqaphela:

• Izindawo ezizinzima, ezifana ne-wax zesikhumba ezizizwa ziqinile uma uzithinta
• Izindawo ezishintshe umbala ezingabonakala zibomvu, eziluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, noma ezimhlophe emaphakathi
• Umngcele ophethwe ngobomvu noma oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka ezindaweni ezisebenza, ikakhulukazi ekuqaleni
• Izindawo ezivame ukuba yizigcawu noma izigcawu
• Isikumba esizizwa siqinile noma esinqunyiwe ezindaweni ezihlaselekile
• Ukwehla kwezinwele ezindaweni uma zikhona ezindaweni ezineminwe
• Ukunciphisa ukukhipha ukushisa esikhumbeni esihlaselekile

Izindawo ngokuvamile azibangeli ubuhlungu noma ukukhahlela, nakuba abanye abantu bebika ukungakhululeki okuncane. Ngokuvamile, i-morphea ivela emzimbeni, ezingalweni, noma ezinyaweni, kodwa ingakhula noma kuphi emzimbeni wakho.

Ziyini izinhlobo ze-morphea?

I-Morphea iza ngezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene, ngayinye inephethini kanye nezici zayo. Ukuqonda ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo olukhona kusiza udokotela wakho ukuhlela indlela engcono kakhulu yokwelapha.

Izinhlobo ezivamile zihlanganisa:

• I-Plaque morphea: Uhlobo oluvamile kakhulu, olunezindawo eziningi eziqondiwe, ezinombala oval
• I-Generalized morphea: Izindawo eziningi ezinkulu ezihlanganisa izindawo eziningi zomzimba
• I-Linear morphea: Ibonakala njengomugqa noma ibhendi, ngokuvamile ezingalweni, ezinyaweni, noma ebunzini
• I-Deep morphea: Ithonya izigaba ezinzima zesikhumba futhi ngezinye izikhathi i-muscle noma ithambo ngaphansi
• I-Pansclerotic morphea: Uhlobo olukhulu, olukhulu oluthonya izindawo ezinkulu nezinsimbi ezinzima

I-Linear morphea ifuna ukunakekelwa okukhethekile ngoba ngezinye izikhathi ingathinta ukukhula kwabantwana uma ivela ezinhlanganweni noma ezingalweni. I-Deep morphea ingabangela izinguquko ezinkulu ekubunjweni kwesikhumba nokusebenza.

Yini ebangela i-morphea?

Imbangela eqondile ye-morphea ayiqondakali ngokuphelele, kodwa abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi ivela ekuphenduleni komzimba okusebenza kakhulu okubangela ukukhiqizwa kwe-collagen okukhulu. Isistimu yakho yokukhulisa umzimba idideka futhi iqala ukuhlasela isikhumba esinempilo.

Izici eziningi zingase zifake isandla ekukhuleni kwe-morphea:

• Izici zokukhulisa umzimba lapho uhlelo lwakho lokukhulisa umzimba luhlasela ngokungalungile izicubu zakho
• Ukutheleleka, ikakhulukazi ukutheleleka okuthile kwe-bacteria noma i-viral okuvusa lesi simo
• Ukulimala komzimba noma ukulimala esikhumbeni kwezinye izimo
• Ukukhishwa kweradieysheni, nakuba lokhu kungavamile
• Imithi ethile, ikakhulukazi amanye ama-antibiotics noma imithi yegazi
• Izici ze-genetic ezingenza abanye abantu babe sengozini

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi i-morphea ayithatheki. Awukwazi ukuyithola komunye umuntu, futhi awukwazi ukuyisakaza kwabanye abantu. Lesi simo asibiwanga yilutho olukwenzile noma olungakwenzanga.

Nini okufanele ubona udokotela nge-morphea?

Kufanele uhlele i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho uma uqaphela izindawo ezingavamile noma izinguquko ekubunjweni kwesikhumba sakho. Ukuxilongwa kwasekuqaleni nokwelashwa kungasiza ukuvimbela lesi simo singakhula futhi kunciphisa izinkinga ezingase zenzeke.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nalokhu:

• Izindawo ezintsha, ezinzima, noma ezishintshe umbala esikhumbeni sakho
• Izindawo ezikhona ezikhula noma zishintsha ukubonakala
• Ukuqinile kwesikhumba okulinganiselwe ukunyakaza kwakho noma ukuguquguquka
• Izindawo ezilinear ebusweni bomntwana, ezingalweni, noma ezinhlanganweni
• Izindawo eziningi ezivela ezindaweni ezahlukene zomzimba wakho
• Nginguquko yesikhumba ekuhluphayo noma ethonya imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke

Ungalindi ukubona uma izindawo ziyakuhamba zodwa. Nakuba i-morphea ngezinye izikhathi ingase ilunge ngaphandle kokwelashwa, ukuthola ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okuqondile kukunika ithuba elihle kakhulu lokulawula lesi simo ngokuphumelelayo.

Ziyini izici zengozi ze-morphea?

Izici ezithile zingase zikhulise amathuba akho okukhula kwe-morphea, nakuba ukuba nezici zengozi akusho ukuthi uzoba nalesi simo. Ukuqonda lezi zici kungakusiza uhlale uxwayile ezimpawu zokuqala.

Izici eziyinhloko zengozi zihlanganisa:

• Ukuba owesifazane, njengoba abesifazane bekhula i-morphea kaningana kunamadoda
• Iminyaka, ngezikhathi ezimbili eziphezulu: ubuntwana (i-ages 2-14) kanye neminyaka ephakathi (i-40s-50s)
• Ukuba nezinye izimo zokukhulisa umzimba njenge-rheumatoid arthritis noma isifo se-thyroid
• Umlando womndeni wezimo zokukhulisa umzimba noma izifo zezicubu ezihlanganisa
• Ukutheleleka kwamuva, ikakhulukazi izifo ezithwalwa yi-tick njenge-Lyme disease
• Ukwelashwa ngeradieysheni kwangaphambili
• Amanye ama-genetic markers angase akhulise ukuqina

Ukuba nesinye noma ngaphezulu kwezici zengozi akusho ukuthi uqondiswe ekukhuleni kwe-morphea. Abantu abaningi abanezici eziningi zengozi abazange bakhule lesi simo, kanti abanye abangenazo izici zengozi ebonakalayo bayakwenza.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zenzeke nge-morphea?

Nakuba amacala amaningi e-morphea ehlala elula futhi angabangeli izinkinga ezinzima, ezinye izinhlobo zingabangela izinkinga ezithinta ukusebenza nokubonakala. Ukuba uqaphele lezi zinto ezingase zenzeke kukusiza uqonde ukuthi kungani ukulandelela kwezokwelapha kubalulekile.

Izinkinga ezingase zenzeke zihlanganisa:

• Ukuqina kwama-joints nokunciphisa ukunyakaza uma izindawo zikhona ezinhlanganweni
• Izinkinga zokukhula kubantwana, ikakhulukazi nge-linear morphea ethinta amalunga
• Ukushintsha umbala noma ukubunjwa kwesikhumba okungapheli
• Ubuthakathaka bemisipha noma ukunciphisa ezigabeni ezinzima ezithinta izicubu ezinzima
• Ukungahambisani kobuso uma i-linear morphea ithinta ibunzi noma ubuso
• Ukungahambisani kobubanzi lwezingalo kubantwana abane-linear morphea ezingalweni noma ezinyaweni
• Izinkinga zamehlo uma i-morphea ithinta indawo ezungeze amehlo
• Ukuhlinzwa noma ezinye izinkinga ze-neurological ezimweni ezingavamile zokuthinta ikhanda elikhulu

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi abantu abaningi abane-morphea abanawo amacala anzima. Ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni nokulandelela okuvamile kusiza ukuvimbela noma kunciphisa lezi zinkinga uma zenzeka.

I-morphea ixilongwa kanjani?

Ukuxilongwa kwe-morphea ngokuvamile kuqala ngodokotela wakho ohlola isikhumba sakho futhi ebuza ngezimpawu zakho nomlando wakho wezokwelapha. Ezimweni eziningi, ukubonakala okuqondile kwezindawo kunikeza izinkomba ezinamandla mayelana nokuxilongwa.

Udokotela wakho angase asebenzise izindlela eziningi ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa:

• Ukuhlolwa komzimba kwezindawo ezihlaselekile kanye nesikhumba esizungezile
• Ukubuyekezwa komlando wezokwelapha, kuhlanganise ukutheleleka kwamuva, imithi, noma ukulimala
• I-skin biopsy, lapho isampula encane yesikhumba esihlaselekile ihlolwa ngaphansi komkhiqizo
• Izivivinyo zegazi ukuhlola ama-autoimmune markers nokuvimbela i-systemic scleroderma
• Ukuthatha izithombe ukuqopha ukubonakala nokulandelela izinguquko ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
• I-thermography noma ezinye izithombe kwezinye izimo ukuhlola ukusabalala kwegazi

I-skin biopsy ngokuvamile iyivivinyo eliqinisekile kakhulu. Ibonisa izinguquko ezibonakalayo ku-collagen nasekubunjweni kwesikhumba okuqinisekisa i-morphea. Izivivinyo zegazi zisiza ukwahlukanisa i-localized morphea kulolu hlobo olukhulu lwe-scleroderma.

Yini ukwelashwa kwe-morphea?

Ukuphathwa kwe-morphea kugxile ekuyekiseni ukuqhubeka kwesifo esisebenzayo nokuthuthukisa ukubonakala nokusebenza kwesikhumba esihlaselekile. Indlela ixhomeke kuhlobo, indawo, nobunzima besimo sakho.

Izindlela zokwelapha ezivamile zihlanganisa:

• I-Topical corticosteroids ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala nokunciphisa ukuqhubeka kwesifo
• I-Topical calcineurin inhibitors efana ne-tacrolimus njengendlela ehlukile kuma-steroids
• I-Phototherapy (ukwelashwa nge-UV light) ukusiza ukufaka isikhumba esihlaselekile
• I-Methotrexate noma ezinye imithi yokucindezela ukukhulisa umzimba yesifo esibanzi noma esinzima
• I-Physical therapy ukugcina ukuguquguquka nokuvimbela ukuqina kwama-joints
• I-Moisturizers kanye nokukhathalela isikhumba esimnene ukugcina isikhumba sibuthakathaka
• I-Hydroxychloroquine ngezinhlobo ezithile ze-morphea

Ezimweni ezinzima kakhulu, udokotela wakho angase akukhuthaze ukwelashwa kwesistimu efana ne-oral corticosteroids noma ezinye izidakamizwa zokucindezela ukukhulisa umzimba. Umgomo ukubamba isifo ngesikhathi sisasebenza futhi uvikele ukulimala okungapheli.

Indlela yokuphatha i-morphea ekhaya?

Nakuba ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kubalulekile, kunezinto eziningi ongazenza ekhaya ukuze usekele impilo yesikhumba sakho nokuphumula kwakho konke. Lezi zindlela zokunakekelwa ekhaya zisebenza kangcono kanye nokwelashwa okuqokiwe.

Nawa amasu aphezulu wokuphatha ekhaya:

• Faka i-moisturizers ezinemnene, ezingenayo i-fragrance njalo ukugcina isikhumba sibuthakathaka futhi sibe noguquguquko
• Yenza imisebenzi yokwelula enemnene ukugcina ukunyakaza ezindaweni ezihlaselekile
• Vikela isikhumba sakho ekukhishweni okukhulu kwelanga, okungase kubangele ukwanda kwezindawo ezithile
• Sebenzisa amanzi afudumele ukugeza ukuze ugweme ukucasula isikhumba esibuhlungu
• Yenza amasu okulawula ukucindezeleka, njengoba ukucindezeleka kungase kuthinte izimo zokukhulisa umzimba
• Dla ukudla okulinganiselayo okunothile ukudla okulwa nokuvuvukala
• Hlala uthambile ukusekela impilo yonke yesikhumba
• Gwema amasoseji noma imikhiqizo yesikhumba engase icasule izindawo ezihlaselekile

Khumbula ukuthi ukunakekelwa ekhaya kusekela kodwa akukuli ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha. Landela njalo izeluleko zikadokotela wakho futhi uqhubeke nemithi eqokiwe ngisho noma unakekela kahle isikhumba sakho ekhaya.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho yodokotela?

Ukuba ulungile nge-aphoyintimenti yakho kusiza udokotela wakho ukunikeza ukunakekelwa okuhle kakhulu futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola izimpendulo zemibuzo yakho ebalulekile. Ukulungiselela okuhle kusiza futhi uzizwe ukhulu futhi ulawula.

Ngaphambi kwe-aphoyintimenti yakho, cabanga ukwenza okulandelayo:

• Thatha izithombe zezindawo zakho zesikhumba ukubonisa izinguquko ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
• Bhala phansi lapho uqale ukuqaphela izindawo futhi zishintshe kanjani
• Bala yonke imithi, izongezo, nezifo zakamuva noma ukulimala
• Lungiselela imibuzo mayelana nezindlela zokwelapha, ukubikezela, kanye nokulungiswa kwesitayela sokuphila
• Letha ilungu lomndeni noma umngani ukusekela nokusiza ukukhumbula ulwazi
• Buka noma yimaphi amarekhodi ezokwelapha angaphambili ahlobene nezinkinga zesikhumba
• Qaphela noma yimuphi umlando womndeni wezimo zokukhulisa umzimba noma izimo zesikhumba

Ungangabazi ukubuza udokotela wakho nganoma yini ekukhathazayo. Imibuzo mayelana nokubuka kwesikhathi eside, imiphumela ebiyelayo yokwelashwa, kanye nokuphathwa kwansuku zonke kubalulekile futhi kufanele.

Yini eyinhloko mayelana ne-morphea?

I-Morphea yisimo sesikhumba esilawuleka esithinta ukukhiqizwa kwe-collagen yesikhumba, sidala izindawo ezinzima, ezishintshe umbala. Nakuba kungase kukhathaze uma uqale ukuqaphela, abantu abaningi abane-morphea baphila impilo evamile, esebenzayo ngokwelashwa okufanele nokunakekelwa.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okumele uzikhumbule ukuthi ukuxilongwa kwasekuqaleni nokwelashwa kunikeza imiphumela emihle kakhulu, futhi i-morphea ngokuvamile ayithinti amalunga angaphakathi njengoba kunjalo i-scleroderma yayo yesistimu. Ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okufanele nokuphathwa okuhle, unganciphisa umthelela we-morphea empilweni yakho yansuku zonke.

Hlala uxhumene neqembu lakho lokukhathalela impilo, landela uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha ngokuqhubekayo, futhi ungangabazi ukufinyelela lapho unemibuzo noma ukukhathazeka. Awuwedwa ekulawuleni lesi simo, futhi ukwesekwa okuphumelelayo kukhona.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwayo mayelana ne-morphea

Ingabe i-morphea ifana ne-scleroderma?

I-Morphea yilona uhlobo oluthile lwe-scleroderma oluthinta kuphela isikhumba nezinsimbi ezingezansi. Ngokungafani ne-systemic scleroderma, i-morphea ayithinti amalunga angaphakathi njengentliziyo, amaphaphu, noma izinso. Nakuba ziyizimo ezihlobene, i-morphea ineprognosi enhle kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile kulula ukuyiqondisa.

Ingabe i-morphea izosabalala kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wami?

I-Morphea ngezinye izikhathi ingase ikhulise izindawo ezintsha kwezinye izindawo, kodwa ayisabalali ezindaweni ezikhona njengokutheleleka. Abantu abaningi bakhula izindawo ezimbalwa kuphela ezihlala ziqina ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Udokotela wakho uzokulandelela noma yiziphi izindawo ezintsha zokubandakanyeka ngesikhathi sokuhlola okuvamile.

Ingabe i-morphea ingase ihambe yodwa?

Amanye amacala e-morphea ayathuthuka noma ayaphela ngaphandle kokwelashwa, ikakhulukazi kubantwana. Noma kunjalo, izindawo zingase zisale zishintshe umbala noma ukubunjwa kwesikhumba. Ukwelashwa kungasiza ukuvimbela ukuqhubeka nokuthuthukisa ukubonakala kokugcina, ngakho-ke ngokuvamile kunconywa ngisho namacala alula.

Ukuphathwa kwe-morphea kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani?

Isikhathi sokwelashwa sihluka kuye ngohlobo nobunzima be-morphea. Abanye abantu babona ukuthuthuka phakathi nezinyanga ezimbalwa, kanti abanye bangase badinge ukwelashwa unyaka noma ngaphezulu. Isigaba esisebenzayo sokuvuvukala ngokuvamile sihlala iminyaka engu-2-5, ngemva kwalokho lesi simo ngokuvamile sibe sekuyeka, nakuba izinguquko zesikhumba zingase zihlale.

Ngikwazi yini ukuzivocavoca noma ngenze imisebenzi evamile nge-morphea?

Abantu abaningi abane-morphea bangaqhubeka nemisebenzi yabo evamile, kuhlanganise nokuzivocavoca. Eqinisweni, ukwelula okumnene nokunyakaza kusiza ukugcina ukuguquguquka ezindaweni ezihlaselekile. Uma i-morphea ithinta ama-joints noma ilinganiselwe ukunyakaza, udokotela wakho angase akukhuthaze imisebenzi ethile noma i-physical therapy ukuvimbela ukuqina nokugcina ukusebenza.