Ukubhoboza Kwezinyosi: Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelapha

Ukubhoboza kwezinyosi kuyizimpukutshana ezincane, ezikhukhumelayo ezivela ohlwini lwakho ngemuva kokuba inyoka idla igazi lakho. Lezi zimpawu ezibomvu noma ezipinki ziwumphendulo wemvelo yomzimba wakho ekuhlaleni komlomo wenyoka, ophethe amaprotheni avikelayo ekuhlanganiseni kwegazi. Ngenkathi ukubhoboza okuningi kwezinyosi kungonakalisi futhi kuphele ngaphakathi kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, ukuqonda ukuthi ungaziphatha kanjani kungakusiza uzizwe ukhululekile futhi wazi ukuthi nini kufanele ufunesekelo lokuthi ubone udokotela.

Ukubhoboza kwezinyosi kwenzekani?

Ukubhoboza kwezinyosi kwenzeka lapho izinyoka zesifazane zihlaba isikhumba sakho ukuze zidle igazi lakho. Izinyoka zesifazane kuphela ezibohozayo ngoba zidinga amaprotheni egazini ukuze zenze amaqanda. Lapho inyoka ikubohozayo, ifaka umlomo ophethe izinto ezivikela ekuhlanganiseni kwegazi ukuze igazi lakho liqhubeke ligeleza ngokulinganayo.

Isimo sakho sokuvikela siqaphela la maprotheni angaphandle njengabaphangi futhi sikhipha i-histamine ukuze silwe nawo. Le mpendulo ye-histamine ibangela ukukhukhumela, ubomvu, nokukhahlela okwenza ukubhoboza kwezinyosi kungabi nakho ukuthula. Lokhu kuphendula kuvame ukubonakala ngaphakathi kwamaminithi kuya emahoreni ngemuva kokubhobozwa.

Ziyini izimpawu zokubhoboza kwezinyosi?

Abantu abaningi bahlangabezana nezimo ezifanayo zokubhoboza kwezinyosi, nakuba ububi bungase buhluke komunye nomunye. Nanka ongaqaphela ngemuva kokubhobozwa:

• Izimpukutshana ezincane, eziphakamileyo eziyibomvu noma ezipinki
• Ukukhahlela okukhulu okungase kube kubi uma kukhukhulelwe
• Ukukhukhumela okuncane endaweni yokuhohozwa
• Ibhontshisi elimnyama elincane ephakathi lapho inyoka ihlaba khona isikhumba sakho
• Ubushushu noma ubuhlungu endaweni yokuhohozwa

Lezi zimpawu ezivamile zivame ukubonakala ngaphakathi kwamaminithi angu-20 ngemuva kokubhobozwa futhi zingase zihlale kusuka emahoreni ambalwa kuya ezinsukwini eziningi. Ukukhahlela kuvame ukuba kubi kakhulu phakathi kwamahora angu-24 okuqala.

Abanye abantu bangase bahlangabezane nezimo ezinzima kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma benesizathu esikhethekile somlomo wenyoka. Lezi zimo zingase zihlanganise izindawo ezinkulu zokukhukhumela, amabhilisa, noma ama-hives asakazekayo ngaphandle kwendawo yokuhohozwa yokuqala.

Izimo ezingavamile kodwa ezinzima

Nakuba kungavamile, abanye abantu bangase bathuthukise izimo ezinzima ze-allergic ebizwa nge-skeeter syndrome. Le simo ingabangela ukukhukhumela okukhulu, ubushushu, nezindawo ezinkulu zobomvu ezisakazekayo ngaphandle kokubhobozwa.

Kwezinye izimo ezingavamile, abantu bangase bahlangabezane ne-anaphylaxis, isifo esibi se-allergic esidinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo kwezokwelapha. Izimpawu zihlanganisa ubunzima bokuqeda umoya, ama-hives asakazekayo, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, nokuqina.

Yini ebangela ukubhoboza kwezinyosi?

Izinyoka zesifazane zibohozela abantu ukuze zithole igazi elicebile ngamaprotheni ezilidinga ukuze zenze amaqanda. Lezi zikhonkwane zidonsela ngokwemvelo ezintweni ezithile ezizisiza ukuthola ukudla kwazo okulandelayo.

Izinto eziningi ze-biological nezimo ezingakwenza ube mnandi kakhulu ezinyokeni:

• I-carbon dioxide evela emoyeni wakho, izinyoka zingayibona kusuka kumamitha angu-50.
• Ubushushu bomzimba nokufudumeka okuvela esi khuneni sakho
• I-lactic acid nezinye izinto ezikhona ekhulwini lakho
• Uhlobo oluthile lwegazi, ikakhulukazi uhlobo lwe-O
• Izingubo ezimnyama ezigcina ubushushu
• Ama-perfume nama-lotion anephunga lezimbali noma izithelo
• Ukusebenzisa utshwala, okungase kukhulise ubushushu bomzimba wakho

Izinyoka zisebenza kakhulu ekuseni nasebusuku lapho ubushushu bufaneleke futhi ukufuma kuphakeme. Zikhula ezindaweni ezinawo amanzi amile lapho zibeka khona amaqanda, njengezibaya, ama-puddle, noma izitsha ezigcina amanzi amile.

Nini kufanele ubone udokotela ngokubhoboza kwezinyosi?

Ukubhoboza okuningi kwezinyosi kuphulukana ngokwalo ngaphandle kokwelashwa kwezokwelapha. Noma kunjalo, kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho uma uqaphela izimpawu zokutheleleka noma izimo ezinzima ze-allergic.

Funani usizo lokuthi ubone udokotela uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezithinta:

• Ubomvu obukhulu, ubushushu, noma ukukhukhumela okusakazekayo ngaphandle kwendawo yokuhohozwa
• Ubomvu olukhulu oluvela endaweni yokuhohozwa
• U-pus noma ukopha endaweni yokuhohozwa
• Ubushushu noma ukuthandaza okuhambisana nokubhobozwa
• Ukukhukhumela okukhulu okuthinta izindawo ezinkulu zomzimba wakho
• Ubunzima bokuqeda umoya noma ukugwinya
• Ama-hives asakazekayo noma isihlungu

Lezi zimpawu zingase zibonise ukutheleleka kwe-bacteria ekuhlaleni noma isimo esibi se-allergic esidinga ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha. Thembani izinzwa zakho uma kukhona okubonakala kungalungile.

Ziyini izinto ezingakwenza ube sengozini yokubhoboza kwezinyosi?

Nakuba noma ubani angathola ukubhoboza kwezinyosi, izinto ezithile zingase zikhulise amathuba akho okuhohozwa. Ukuqonda lezi zinto ezingakwenza ube sengozini kungakusiza uthathe izinyathelo ezifanele.

Ungase ube sengozini enkulu uma:

• Uchitha isikhathi ngaphandle phakathi namahora okuhlala kwezinyoka (ekuseni nasebusuku)
• Uhlala noma uvakashela izindawo ezinazo izinyoka eziningi
• Unegazi lohlobo lwe-O, izinyoka zibonakala zilithanda
• Ukhulelwe, njengoba ukwanda kobushushu bomzimba nokukhiqizwa kwe-carbon dioxide kudonsela izinyoka
• Uqeqesha ngaphandle, ukhiqiza i-lactic acid ebushushu bomzimba
• Ugqoka imibala emnyama ethatha ubushushu
• Usebenzisa imikhiqizo yokunakekelwa komuntu siqu enephunga elikhulu

Abantwana nabantu abanesimo sokuvikela esibuthakathaka bangase bahlangabezane nezimo ezinzima zokubhobozwa. Abantu abasebenzisa imithi ethile noma abanesimo esithile sezokwelapha bangase babe nokutholakala okukhulu kwezinkinga.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zenzeke ngokubhoboza kwezinyosi?

Nakuba ukubhoboza okuningi kwezinyosi kungonakalisi, ukukhukhulela kungase kube nezinkinga ezingaphezulu. Inkinga evamile kakhulu iwukutheleleka kwe-bacteria ekuhlaleni izinambuzane esi khuneni esiqhekekile.

Izinkinga ezingase zenzeke zihlanganisa:

• Ukutheleleka kwe-bacteria okungaphezulu ekuhlaleni ngokukhukhulela okukhulu
• Ukulimala okungapheli ekuhlaleni noma ekuhlaleni okukhulu
• I-cellulitis, ukutheleleka okusakazekayo kwesikhumba okudingayo ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic
• I-Skeeter syndrome kubantu abanesizathu esikhethekile

Ezingxenyeni ezithile zezwe, izinyoka zingadlulisela izifo ezinzima njenge-malaria, i-dengue fever, i-Zika virus, noma i-West Nile virus. Noma kunjalo, ukudluliselwa kwezifo kuncane kakhulu emazweni amaningi athuthukile ngenxa yezinyathelo zempilo yeningi nezinhlelo zokulawula izinambuzane.

Izinkinga ezingavamile okufanele uzazi

Abanye abantu bangase bathuthukise izimo ezinkulu zendawo ngokukhukhumela okukhulu okungase kuhlale izinsuku noma amasonto. Lezi zimo, nakuba zingabi nakho ukuthula, ngokuvamile azinawo ubungozi kodwa zingase zidinga ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ukuze kuqale ezinye izimo.

Kwezinye izimo ezingavamile, ukukhishwa okuphindaphindayo kokubhoboza kwezinyosi kungase kube ukwehliswa kwamandla, lapho isimo sakho sokuvikela siyeka ukuphendula ekuhlaleni ngokuphelele. Lokhu kuvikelwa kwemvelo kuvame ukuthuthukiswa eminyakeni eminingi yokukhishwa okuvamile.

Ungakugwema kanjani ukubhoboza kwezinyosi?

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuphatha ukubhoboza kwezinyosi iwukukugwema ekuqaleni. Ukushintsha okuncane kwendlela yokuphila nezinyathelo zokuvikela kunganciphisa kakhulu amathuba akho okuhohozwa.

Izindlela zokuvikela ezisebenzayo zihlanganisa:

• Ukusebenzisa izinto zokugwema izinambuzane ezivunyelwe yi-EPA eziphethe i-DEET, i-picaridin, noma i-oil of lemon eucalyptus
• Ukugqoka ihembe elide nebhulukwe uma ungaphandle, ikakhulukazi phakathi namahora okuhlala kwezinyoka
• Ukukhetha izingubo ezimnyama ezingadonseli izinyoka
• Ukufaka amasikrini emnyango nasezifastidini ukuze ugcine izinyoka zingangeni endlini yakho
• Ukususa amanzi amile eduze kwendawo yakho lapho izinyoka zikhula khona
• Ukusebenzisa abalandeli ngaphandle, njengoba izinyoka zingabalandeli ababuthakathaka
• Ukugwema ama-perfume noma ama-lotion anephunga elikhulu uma uchitha isikhathi ngaphandle

Uma usebenzisa into yokugwema izinambuzane, yifake esi khuneni esikhombile nezingubo ngokwezinkomba zomkhiqizo. Yifake futhi njengoba kuyalelwe, ikakhulukazi uma ukhukhumela noma ugeza. Kubantwana, khetha izinto zokugwema izinambuzane ezifanele iminyaka futhi ugweme ukuzifaka ezandleni, emehlweni, noma emlonyeni.

Ukubhoboza kwezinyosi kuhlonzwa kanjani?

Ukubhoboza kwezinyosi kuvame ukuba lula ukuqaphela futhi akudingi ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha. Abantu abaningi bangaziqaphela ngokubukeka kwazo nezimo ezihambisana nokubhobozwa.

Abanakekeli bezempilo ngokuvamile bahlonzwa ukubhoboza kwezinyosi ngokuhlola ngamehlo nencwadi yakho yezimpawu. Bazobheka izimpukutshana ezincane, eziphakamileyo ngezimpawu zokuhohozwa ephakathi futhi babuze ngemisebenzi yakamuva ngaphandle noma ukukhishwa kwezinyoka.

Kwezinye izimo lapho izinkinga zithuthuka noma izimo zinzima, udokotela wakho angase ayalele ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise amasiko e-bacteria uma ukutheleleka kukhona noma ukuhlolwa kwe-allergy uma uhlangabezana nezimo ezinzima zokubhoboza izinambuzane.

Ukwelapha ukubhoboza kwezinyosi kuyini?

Ukubhoboza okuningi kwezinyosi kuphulukana ngokwalo ngaphakathi kwezinsuku ezimbalwa futhi kudinga izinyathelo zokuthula kuphela. Izinjongo eziyinhloko zokwelapha ukunciphisa ukukhahlela, ukuvimbela ukutheleleka, nokuphatha noma yiziphi izimo ze-allergic.

Izindlela zokwelapha ezivamile zihlanganisa:

• Ama-antihistamines angaphezulu kokuthengiswa njenge-Benadryl noma i-Claritin ukunciphisa ukukhahlela nokukhukhumela
• Ama-cream okuhlanza isikhumba aphethwe yi-hydrocortisone noma i-calamine lotion
• Ama-compress abandayo afakwe imizuzu engu-10-15 ukwenza indawo ibe buthuntu futhi kunciphisa ukukhukhumela
• Abaphuli bobuhlungu bomlomo njenge-ibuprofen noma i-acetaminophen ngenxa yokungabi nakho ukuthula
• Ama-anesthetics aphethwe yi-benzocaine ngenxa yokungabi nakho ukuthula okwesikhashana

Ngezimo ezinzima ze-allergic, udokotela wakho angase anikeze ama-antihistamines aqinile, ama-corticosteroids, noma kwezinye izimo, i-epinephrine. Uma ukutheleleka kwe-bacteria okungaphezulu kuthuthuka, ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic kungase kudingeke.

Ukwelapha ukubhoboza kwezinyosi ekhaya?

Izindlela zokwelapha zasekhaya zilula zingakusiza kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni ukungabi nakho ukuthula kokubhoboza kwezinyosi. Lezi zindlela ezilula zisebenza kahle kubantu abaningi futhi kuphephile ukuzama ngaphambi kokufuna ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha.

Izindlela zokwelapha zasekhaya ezisebenzayo zihlanganisa:

• Ukugeza indawo yokuhohozwa ngesepha namanzi ukususa ama-bacteria futhi kunciphisa ingozi yokutheleleka
• Ukufaka iqhwa eligoqwe ngendwangu imizuzu engu-10-15 ukunciphisa ukukhukhumela nokukhahlela
• Ukusebenzisa imithi ye-oatmeal noma ama-paste ukuthula isikhumba esikhathazwe
• Ukufaka i-aloe vera gel ngenxa yempahla yayo yokuphola nokunciphisa ukukhukhumela
• Ukufaka uju ekuhlaleni ngenxa yempahla yalo yokuqeda ama-bacteria
• Ukusebenzisa i-tea tree oil ehlanganisiwe ne-carrier oil ngenxa yempahla yayo yokulwa nama-microbes

Into ebaluleke kakhulu iwukugwema ukukhukhulela ekuhlaleni, okungase kube ukutheleleka nokwenza izibazi. Gcina iinzipho zakho zifushane futhi cabanga ngokugqoka iiglavu ebusuku uma ukhukhulela ebusuku.

Uma izindlela zokwelapha zasekhaya zingakusizi ngemuva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa, noma uma izimpawu zibe zimbi, ungangabazi ukuxhumana nodokotela wakho ngezinye izinketho zokwelapha.

Kufanele uzilungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho nodokotela?

Uma udinga ukubona udokotela ngokubhoboza kwezinyosi, ukulungiselela i-aphoyintimenti yakho kungakusiza uqinisekise ukuthi uthola ukunakekelwa okuphumelelayo. Izihambo eziningi zokubhoboza kwezinyosi zilula, kodwa ukuba nolwazi olukhona kusiza udokotela wakho ukwenza izinqumo zokwelapha ezinhle kakhulu.

Ngaphambi kwe-aphoyintimenti yakho, buza ngolwazi mayelana:

• Nini nomaphi lapho uhohozwe khona
• Zingaki izindawo ozihohozwe futhi zikhona kuphi emzimbeni wakho
• Ziyini izimpawu ozibhekana nazo nokuthi zishintshe kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
• Noma yikuphi ukwelapha osikwentile nokuthi kuye kwakusiza yini
• Umbhalo wakho wezokwelapha, kuhlanganise noma yikuphi ukungezwani okwaziwayo
• Imithi noma izongezo ozithathayo

Thatha izithombe zezindawo ozihohozwe uma kungenzeka, ikakhulukazi uma zikhona ezindaweni ezinzima ukubona noma uma ukubukeka kwazo kushintshile kakhulu. Lokhu kubhalwa ngemifanekiso kungasiza udokotela wakho ukuhlola ububi nokulandelela noma yikuphi ukuqhubeka.

Bhala phansi noma yimiphi imibuzo onayo mayelana nezinketho zokwelapha, izindlela zokuvikela, noma nini kufanele ufunesekelo lokuthi ubone udokotela esikhathini esizayo. Ungakhathazeki ngokubuza imibuzo eminingi kakhulu – udokotela wakho ufuna ukukusiza uzizwe ukhululekile futhi unolwazi.

Iyini into ebaluleke kakhulu mayelana nokubhoboza kwezinyosi?

Ukubhoboza kwezinyosi kuyinto evamile, ngokuvamile engenangozi yokuchitha isikhathi ngaphandle. Nakuba kungase kube nakho ukuthula nokukhahlela, ukubhoboza okuningi kuphulukana ngokuphelele ngaphakathi kwezinsuku ezimbalwa ngokunakekelwa ekhaya okulula nokwelashwa okungaphezulu kokuthengiswa.

Indlela engcono kakhulu iwukuvimbela ngokugqoka okufanele, into yokugwema izinambuzane, nezinyathelo zokulawula izimo. Uma ukubhoboza kwenzeka, gxila ekugcineni kuhlanzekile, ukugwema ukukhukhulela, nokusebenzisa izindlela ezilula zokuphatha ukungabi nakho ukuthula.

Khumbula ukuthi ukufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha kufanele uma uqaphela izimpawu zokutheleleka, uhlangabezana nezimo ezinzima ze-allergic, noma unokukhathazeka ngezimpawu zakho. Abantu abaningi bangaphatha ukubhoboza kwezinyosi ngempumelelo ekhaya, kodwa isiqondiso sezokwelapha sihlala siyatholakala uma usikudinga.

Imibuzo evamile mayelana nokubhoboza kwezinyosi

Q1: Kungani ukubhoboza kwezinyosi kukhahlela kangaka?

Ukubhoboza kwezinyosi kukhahlela ngoba isimo sakho sokuvikela sikhipha i-histamine ekuphenduleni komlomo wenyoka. Le histamine ibangela ukukhukhumela futhi iqhuba iziphetho zezinzwa ezenza ukukhahlela. Ukukhahlela empeleni yindlela yomzimba wakho yokukwazisa ngento engaphandle, nakuba ingonakalisi.

Q2: Ukubhoboza kwezinyosi kuvame ukuhlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Ukubhoboza okuningi kwezinyosi kuhlala izinsuku ezingu-3-5 kumuntu ovamile. Ukukhukhumela nobomvu okuqala kuvame ukubonakala ngaphakathi kwamaminithi angu-20 futhi kufinyelele phakathi kwamahora angu-24-48. Noma kunjalo, abanye abantu bangase bahlangabezane nezimpawu kuze kube yiviki, ikakhulukazi uma benesikhumba esibuthakathaka noma bakhukhulela izindawo ezihohozwe njalo.

Q3: Ungaba namandla okubhoboza kwezinyosi?

Yebo, abanye abantu bangase bathuthukise amandla okubhoboza kwezinyosi ngokukhishwa okuphindaphindayo eminyakeni eminingi. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba isimo sakho sokuvikela siyeka ukuba nomphumela omubi kumaprotheni omlomo wenyoka. Noma kunjalo, le nqubo ithatha isikhathi eside futhi ayisebenzi kubo bonke.

Q4: Ingabe abanye abantu badonsela izinyoka kakhulu kunabanye?

Ngempela. Izinyoka zidonsela abantu abanegazi lohlobo lwe-O, labo abakhiqiza i-carbon dioxide eningi, abantu abanezinga lobushushu bomzimba eliphezulu, nabantu abanezinye izinto ezikhona ekhulwini lakho. Abesifazane abakhulelwe, abantu abathukile utshwala, nalabo abagqoka imibala emnyama nabo badonsela izinyoka eziningi.

Q5: Nini kufanele ngikhathazeke ngokubhoboza kwezinyosi?

Xhumana nodokotela uma uqaphela ukwanda kobomvu, ubushushu, noma ukukhukhumela okusakazekayo ngaphandle kwendawo yokuhohozwa, ubomvu oluvela ekuhlaleni, i-pus noma ukopha, ubushushu, noma izimpawu zokungezwani okukhulu njengobunzima bokuqeda umoya. Lezi zimpawu zingase zibonise ukutheleleka noma impendulo enkulu ye-allergic edinga ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha.