Ukuthi Yini I-Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, & Ukwelashwa

I-Nasopharyngeal carcinoma uhlobo lomdlavuza oluqala e-nasopharynx, ingxenye engaphezulu yomlomo wakho ngemuva kwesinqe sakho. Cabanga ngayo njengendawo lapho izindawo zokuphefumula zixhumana khona nomlomo wakho. Nakuba lo mdlavuza ungavamile ezindaweni eziningi emhlabeni, kubalulekile ukuqonda ngoba ukutholwa kwasekuqaleni kungenza umehluko omkhulu emiphumeleni yokwelashwa.

Lesi simo sithinta ukwakheka kwe-nasopharynx yakho, okudlala indima ebalulekile ekuphefumuleni nasekulumeni. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ngezinketho zokwelapha zanamuhla, abantu abaningi abane-nasopharyngeal carcinoma bangazuza imiphumela emihle, ikakhulukazi uma kubanjwe ngokushesha.

Ukuthi Yini I-Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma?

I-Nasopharyngeal carcinoma ithuthukiswa uma amaseli e-nasopharynx eqala ukukhula ngokungenakulawuleka. I-Nasopharynx yakho ihlala ngemuva kakhulu komgodi wakho, ngaphezulu kwengxenye ebushelelezi yephahla lomlomo wakho. Yindawo encane kodwa ebalulekile ekukusizeni ukuphefumula futhi ixhuma isinqe sakho nomlomo wakho.

Lo mdlavuza uhlukile kwamanye ama-head and neck cancers ngenxa yendawo yawo ehlukile nezici. I-Nasopharynx ifihliwe ngaphakathi kwekhanda lakho, okwenza ukutholwa kwasekuqaleni kube nzima ngoba awukwazi ukubona noma ukuzwa kalula le ndawo.

Okwenza lo mdlavuza ube nokubaluleka okukhethekile ukuxhumana kwawo okukhulu nezici ezithile ze-genetic kanye nokutheleleka kwe-viral. Ngokungafani namanye ama-cancers athuthuka ngengozi nje, i-nasopharyngeal carcinoma ivame ukuba nezici ezingozi ezibonakalayo ezinikezela ekukhuleni kwayo.

Ziyini Izimpawu Ze-Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma?

Izimpawu zokuqala ze-nasopharyngeal carcinoma zingaba zimuncu futhi zididaniswe kalula nezinye izimo ezivamile njengezinhlungu zesinqe noma uketshezi. Yingakho abantu abaningi bengaqapheli ukuthi kukhona okuthile okubi okwenzekayo kuze kube yilapho umdlavuza uthuthukile.

Nawa ama-symptom avamile ongawahlangabezana nawo:

• Ukuphuma kwegazi ekhaleni - Ngokuvamile kuyahlukaniswa futhi kungase kuqhubeke ngokuphindaphindiwe ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile
• Ukuvalekisa kwempumulo - Ukuvalela okuqhubekayo okungaphuli ngezindlela zokwelapha ezivamile
• Izinkinga zokuzwa - Ukuzwa sengathi indlebe yakho ivaliwe noma ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa, ngokuvamile ngakwesinye uhlangothi
• Izinhlungu zikhanda - Zingaba zithambile kuya ezinkulu futhi zingase zibe khona njalo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
• Ukukhahlela kobuso - Ungase uqaphele ukuthamba noma ukulahleka kokuzwa ezingxenyeni zobuso lwakho
• Iziqephu ezinqenqemeni - Ama-lymph nodes avuvukile azwakala njengeziqephu eziqinile ngaphansi kwesikhumba
• Ukubona okubili - Lokhu kwenzeka lapho umdlavuza uthinta izicubu eziphethe ukunyakaza kwamehlo
• Ubuhlungu ehlombe - Ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo ehlombe obungapheli ngezindlela zokwelapha ezivamile

Njengoba umdlavuza uqhubeka, ungase uhlangabezane nezimpawu ezijwayelekile njengokuhlanza isisindo ngaphandle kwesizathu, ukukhathala, noma ukuhlupheka ekugeleni. Lezi zimpawu zikhula ngoba i-tumor ingaphazamisa imisebenzi evamile endaweni yekhanda nezinqenqe zakho.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi eziningi zalezi zimpawu zingaba nezinye izimbangela ezingathi sína. Noma kunjalo, uma uhlangabezana nezinye zalezi zimpawu ndawonye, noma uma ziqhubeka amasonto amaningana, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wakho ukuze uthole ukwelashwa okufanele.

Imikhakha ye-Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma yini?

Odokotela bahlukanisa i-nasopharyngeal carcinoma ngezinhlobo ezahlukene ngokusekelwe endleleni amaseli omdlavuza abonakala ngayo ngaphansi komkhiqizo. Ukuqonda uhlobo lwakho oluthile kusiza iqembu lakho lezokwelapha ukuhlela indlela yokwelapha ephumelelayo yisimo sakho.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:

• I-kanseri yesikhumba esiqinileyo esikhiqiza i-keratin - Lolu hlobo luvamile ezindaweni lapho abantu bephethe khona uqaka nokudla utshwala njalo
• I-kanseri engaqambi i-keratin - Lokhu kuhlanganisa izinhlobo ezicacile nezingacacile futhi kuhlangene kakhulu nokutheleleka yi-Epstein-Barr virus
• I-kanseri engaqambi - Lolu hlobo luvamise ukuphendula kahle ekwelapheni ngomgqomo futhi lubonakala kakhulu emazingeni athile emhlabeni

Uhlobo olungacacile empeleni yilona elivamile emhlabeni jikelele futhi ngokuvamile lunxulumene kakhulu nezici zezinto eziphilayo nokutheleleka yi-viral. Udokotela wakho uzokunquma uhlobo lwakho oluthile ngokuhlola i-biopsy, okuhilela ukuthatha isampula encane yethishu ukuze ihlolwe elabhoratri.

Wonke uhlobo lungase luziphathe kancane ngokuhlukile futhi luphendule ngezindlela ezihlukile ekwelapheni. Kungakho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukuxilongwa okuchane kakhulu ukuze uthuthukise uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha oluqondene nawe.

Yini Ebanga I-Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma?

I-Nasopharyngeal carcinoma ithuthuka ngokuhlanganiswa kwezici zezinto eziphilayo, ezokuzungezile, nezokutheleleka ezisebenza ndawonye isikhathi eside. Ngokungafani nezinye izinhlobo ze-kanseri lapho imbangela ingacaci khona, abacwaningi baye baqaphela abanye abanye abathunyelwe abalulekile kule meko.

Izici eziyinhloko ezingabangela i-nasopharyngeal carcinoma zihlanganisa:

• Ukutheleleka yi-Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) - Leli virusi elivamile, elibangela ne-mononucleosis, lidla ngokudlala indima ebalulekile emacala amaningi
• Ukuthambekela ngokuzalwa - Amaqembu athile ezinhlanga, ikakhulukazi abantu abavela eNingizimu China, banengozi enkulu
• Izinto zokudla - Ukudla njalo iinhlanzi eziqandisiwe ngosawoti nokudla okunama-nitrosamines amaningi
• Ukuvezwa ezintweni ezingobungozi - I-Formaldehyde, uthuli, nezikhemikhali ezithile endaweni yokusebenza
• Umlando womndeni - Ukuba nomndeni onenala ye-nasopharyngeal carcinoma kukwandisa ingozi yakho
• Ubulili - Amadoda anezikhathi ezimbili ezingaba khona zokuthuthukisa lo mungozi kunabesifazane

Emacaleni ambalwa, ezinye izinto zingase zifake isandla ekuthuthukiseni:

• Izinkinga zesimiso sokuvikela umzimba - Izimo ezibuthakathaka isimiso sakho sokuvikela umzimba zingase zikhulise ingozi
• I-Sinusitis engaqedi - Ukuvuvukala okungapheli endaweni yempumulo kungase kudlale indima
• Ukuvezwa othulini lwezinkuni - Ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezithile zomsebenzi

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ukuba nokunye noma ngaphezulu kwezinto ezingobungozi akusho ukuthi uzokuthuthukisa ngokuqinisekile i-nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Abantu abaningi abanezinto ezingobungozi eziningi abawutholi lo mungozi, kanti abanye abanezinye izinto ezingobungozi ezimbalwa bayawuthuthukisa.

Nini Okufanele Ubheke Udokotela Nge-Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma?

Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu eziqhubekayo ezingaphuli ngezindlela zokwelapha ezivamile noma uma izimpawu eziningi zivele ndawonye. Ukunakekelwa kwasekuseni kwezokwelapha kungenza umehluko omkhulu emiphumeleni.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uqaphela:

• Ukuqina okungapheli kwesinye ihlangothi lekhala - Ikakhulu uma kuhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili
• Ukopha kwekhala okuphindaphindayo - Ngokukhethekile uma kuvela kwenye ihlangothi lekhala ngokuphindaphindiwe
• Ukushintsha kokuzwa - Ukulahleka kokuzwa okungachazeki noma ukuzwa sengathi indlebe izele
• Iziqongo ezinqenqemeni - Iziqongo ezintsha, eziqinile ezingapheli ngemva kwamasonto ambalwa
• Ubuhlungu obungapheli ekhanda - Ikakhulu uma buya bukhulu noma buhlukile ebuhlungwini bekhanda obujwayelekile

Kufanele ufune usizo lwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma ubhekene nalokhu:

• Ukushintsha koku bona ngokuzumayo - Ukubona okubili noma ukulahleka kokubona
• Ukuqina kokungazwa ebusweni - Ngokukhethekile uma kuqala ngokushesha
• Ubunzima bokuginya - Uma buya bukhulu kancane kancane
• Ubuhlungu obukulu, obukhulu ekhanda - Ngokukhethekile ngokuphefumula noma ngezinkinga zokubona

Khumbula, lezi zimpawu zingaba nezizathu eziningi ezahlukene, eziningi zazo azisona isikweletu. Noma kunjalo, ukuzihlola kuvumela ukutholakala okulungile nokuthula kwengqondo, noma ukwelashwa okusheshayo uma kudingeka.

Iyini Izingozi Zokuthola I-Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma?

Izinto eziningi zingandisa amathuba akho okuthola i-nasopharyngeal carcinoma, yize ukuba nezinto ezingozi akusho ukuthi uzothola le kansala. Ukuqonda lezi zinto ezingozi kungakusiza wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nempilo yakho nokuhlolwa.

Izinto ezingozi ezibaluleke kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• Ubuzwe nendawo - Abantu baseNingizimu China, eNingizimu-mpumalanga Asia, naseNyakatho Afrika banesilinganiso esiphezulu
• Ukutheleleka yi-Epstein-Barr virus - Cishe wonke umuntu uthola ukutheleleka yi-EBV ngesinye isikhathi, kodwa ithatha indima emakansini amaningi e-nasopharyngeal
• Ubulili - Amadoda athola lo mkhuhlane kabili kunabesifazane
• Ubudala - Uvame kakhulu phakathi kweminyaka engu-40-60, nakuba ungase uqale kunoma yiliphi iminyaka
• Umlando womndeni - Ukuba nezihlobo eziseduze ezinale kansala kukwandisa ingozi yakho
• Ukudla - Ukudla njalo izinhlanzi ezisoliswe usawoti, ikakhulukazi ebuntwaneni

Izici ezingavamile kodwa eziqakathekile zengozi zihlanganisa:

• Ukubonisana nemisebenzi - Ukusebenza ne-formaldehyde, uthuli lwezinkuni, noma amakhemikhali athile emisebenzi
• Ukusebenzisa utshaba notshwala - Nakuba kungaxhunyaniswanga ngamandla njengoba kunjalo kwamanye ama-head and neck cancers
• Ukuvinjelwa kwe-immune system - Kusuka emithi noma ezimweni zezokwelapha

Ezinye izimo ze-genetic ezingavamile zingakwandisa ingozi, nakuba lezi ziyisigaba esincane kakhulu samacala. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuhlola ingozi yakho ngokwezimo zakho ezithile nomlando womndeni.

Ziyini Izingozi Ezingase Zivele Ngokukhula kwe-Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma?

I-Nasopharyngeal carcinoma ingabangela ubunzima kokubili kusuka ekukhuleni kwayo kanye nokwelashwa. Ukuqonda lezi zinkinga ezingase zenzeke kusiza wena neqembu lakho lezokwelapha ukulungiselela nokubuka izimpawu zokuqala ezidinga ukunakekelwa.

Izingozi ezivela ekukhuleni kwayo ngokwakho zingafaka:

• Ukwehluleka kokuzwa - Isibopho singavimba izikhwephu zakho ze-eustachian noma sonakalise izakhiwo zokuzwa
• Izinkinga zezinzwa ze-cranial - Lokhu kungabangela ukungathí sina kobuso, ukubona okubili, noma ubunzima bokuhambisa imisipha yobuso
• I-sinusitis ehlala njalo - Ukutheleleka okungapheli kwe-sinus ngenxa yokungasebenzi kahle kokopha
• Ubunzima bokuginya - Njengoba isibopho sikhula, singaphazamisa ukugwinya okuvamile
• Ukubhebhetheka kuma-lymph nodes - Amashelu e-cancer angahamba aya kuma-lymph nodes omhlango, ebangela ukukhula

Ezimweni eziphambili, izinhlungu ezingavamile zingase zivele:

• Ukuhileleka kwengqondo - I-cancer ingasakazeka ezakhiweni zengqondo eziseduze
• Ukonakala kwama-bone - I-cancer ingahlasela ama-bone engqondo, ebangela ubuhlungu nezingqinamba zesakhiwo
• Ukubhebhetheka okude - Amashelu e-cancer angasakazeka emaphaphwini, e-liver, noma ema-bone
• Izimpawu ze-neurological ezinkulu - Kuhlanganise nezingqinamba zokulinganisela, ukuhambisana, noma umsebenzi wokucinga

Izinhlungu ezihlobene nokwelashwa zilawuleka ngokuvamile kepha zingafaka umlomo owomile, ukushintsha kwesikhumba okuvela e-radiation, noma ukucindezelwa kwesistimu yokuvimbela umzimba okwesikhashana okuvela e-chemotherapy. Iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizokunaka eduze futhi linikeze ukunakekelwa okusekayo ukuze kunciphisa le miphumela.

I-Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Ihlonishwa Kanjani?

Ukuxilongwa kwe-nasopharyngeal carcinoma kudinga izinyathelo eziningi ngoba isibopho sikhona endaweni enzima ukufinyelela kuyo. Udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa ukuxuba kokuhlolwa komzimba, ukuhlolwa kwezithombe, kanye nokuqoqwa kwezicubu ukuze enze ukuxilongwa okuchaneka.

Inkqubo yokuxilongwa ivame ukuqala nge:

• Ukuhlolwa komzimba - Udokotela wakho uzohlola intamo yakho ukuze abone iziphoqo ezivuvukile ze-lymph futhi ahlole ikhala lakho neqolo
• I-Nasal endoscopy - Kusetshenziswa ipayipi elincane, elithambile elinamakhamera ukubuka ngqo i-nasopharynx yakho
• I-Biopsy - Isibonelo esincane sethishu sithathwa ngesikhathi se-endoscopy ukuze sihlolwe elabhoratri
• Izivivinyo zegazi - Kubandakanya ukuhlolwa kwama-antibodies e-Epstein-Barr virus

Uma kutholakala ukuthi kukhona umdlavuza, ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo kuzosiza ekutholeni ubukhulu nokuqala komdlavuza:

• I-MRI scan - Ihlinzeka ngezithombe ezinemininingwane yethishu ezinwebeka ekhanda nase ntameni yakho
• I-CT scan - Ibonisa usayizi nendawo yomdlavuza nanoma yikuphi ukusilela kwiziphoqo ze-lymph
• I-PET scan - Ingasetshenziswa ukuhlola ukusilela komdlavuza emzimbeni wakho wonke
• Izivivinyo zokuzwa - Ukuhlola noma yikuphi ukulimala kokuzwa okuvela emdlavuzini

Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wakho angakuncoma ukuhlolwa okukhethekile okwengeziwe njengokuhlolwa kwe-genetic noma izifundo eziningi zezithombe. Inqubo ephelele yokuxilonga ngokuvamile ithatha amasonto ambalwa, ivumela iqembu lakho lezokwelapha ukuba lenze uhlelo lokwelapha olufanele kakhulu isimo sakho esithile.

Iyini Ukwelashwa kwe-Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma?

Ukuphathwa kwe-nasopharyngeal carcinoma ngokuvamile kuhilela ukwelashwa ngomgogodla njengendlela yokuqala, ngokuvamile kuhlanganiswe ne-chemotherapy. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi lolu hlobo lomdlavuza ngokuvamile luphendula kahle kulezi zindlela zokwelapha, ikakhulukazi uma utholakala ngesikhathi.

Izindlela zokwelapha eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:

• Ukwelashwa ngomgogodla - Imisebe yamandla amakhulu ihlose isibopho kanye nezindawo ezizungezile lapho umdlavuza ungase usakazeke khona
• I-Chemotherapy - Imithi yokulwa nomdlavuza ikusiza ukunciphisa izibopho nokuvimbela ukusakazeka
• Ukwelashwa okuhlanganisiwe - Ukusebenzisa ukwelashwa ngomgogodla ne-chemotherapy ndawonye kuvame ukunikeza imiphumela emihle kakhulu
• Ukwelashwa okuqondiswe - Imithi emisha ehlasela izici ezithile zezeseli zomdlavuza

Uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa luzoxhomeka ezintweni eziningi:

• Izinga lomdlavuza - Ubukhulu besibopho nokuthi usakazeke yini
• Impilo yakho jikelele - Ukumelana kwakho nokwelashwa okuhlukene
• Uhlobo lomdlavuza - Uhlobo oluthile olutholiwe e-biopsy yakho
• Izintandokazi zakho - Ngemva kokuxoxa ngezinketho neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo

Emacaleni athuthukile, ukwelashwa okwengeziwe kungafaka i-immunotherapy, esiza isimiso sakho sokuvikela ukulwa nomdlavuza ngokuphumelelayo. Ukuhlinzwa akudingeki kakhulu ekukhipheni komdlavuza wase-nasopharyngeal ngoba ukwelashwa ngomgogodla kuvame ukuba nomphumela omuhle kakhulu kuluhlobo lomdlavuza.

Iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizokuqapha eduze phakathi nokwelashwa futhi lilungise uhlelo lwakho njengoba kudingeka. Abantu abaningi baqeda ukwelashwa kwabo ezinyangeni ezimbalwa kuya ezinyangeni eziningi, kuye ngendlela ethile ekhethiwe.

Indlela Yokuthatha Ukwelashwa Ekhaya Ngesikhathi Sokwelashwa Komdlavuza We-Nasopharyngeal?

Ukuphatha ukunakekelwa kwakho ekhaya ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kuhilela ukugxila enjabulweni, ekudleni, nasekuqapheleni noma yiziphi izinguquko ezinkulu. Iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizonikeza imiyalelo ekhethekile, kepha kunezindlela ezijwayelekile ezingakusiza uzizwe kangcono futhi usekele ukuphulukiswa kwakho.

Izinyathelo zokunakekelwa ekhaya ezibalulekile zihlanganisa:

• Hlala uthambile - Phuza amanzi amaningi usuku lonke ukusiza ngomlomo owomile ngenxa yokwelashwa
• Gcina ukudla okuhle - Dlala ukudla okuthambile, okunomsoco uma ukugwinya kuba nzima
• Hlola ukuhlanzeka komlomo - Sebenzisa izikhafu zomlomo ezinomusa, ezingenayo i-alchoholi ukuvimbela ukutheleleka
• Lawula ukukhathala - Phumula uma kudingeka kodwa zama ukuhlala usebenza kancane
• Qapha izimpawu - Gcina ulandelela noma yiziphi izimpawu ezintsha noma ezibi ukuze ubikisele udokotela wakho

Izindlela ezengeziwe zokunethezeka ezingasiza:

• Sebenzisa umthambisi womoya - Lokhu kungasiza ukumomotheka komphimbo nokuvalekisa
• Ukugeza okumnene kwesalisini emakhaleni - Lokhu kungasiza ekuhlanzeni ukhukhuka nokunciphisa ukuvuvukala
• Gwema izinto ezikhuthazayo - Gwema ukubhema, amafutha aqinile, nezinye izinto ezikhuthazayo emakhaleni
• Thatha imithi eyalwe - Landela isimiso sakho semithi ngokuqondile njengoba kuyalwe

Xhumana neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nokuqhuma, ubuhlungu obukhulu, ubunzima bokuqeda umoya, noma yiziphi ezinye izimpawu ezikhathazayo. Bangakunikeza isiqondiso futhi balungise uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa uma kudingeka.

Kufanele Uzilungiselele Kanjani Ukuya Kudoctor?

Ukulungiselela izivivinyo zakho zokwelashwa kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola izinzuzo eziningi ekuhambeleni kwakho futhi ungakhohlwa imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka okubalulekile. Ukulungiselela okuhle kusiza nodokotela wakho ukuba akunikeze ukunakekelwa okuhle kakhulu.

Ngaphambi kokubonisana kwakho, buza le mininingwane elandelayo:

• Idayari yemizimba - Bhala lapho izimpawu zaqala khona, ukuthi zivele kangakanani, nokuthi yini ezenzayo zibe ngcono noma zimbi
• Umbiko wezokwelapha - Faka noma yikuphi ukugula kwemvelo, izimo ezingapheli, noma izifo ezinkulu emndenini wakho
• Imithi esetshenziswayo - Letha uhlu lwemithi yonke, izithasiselo, namavithamini owathathayo
• Imiphumela yokuhlolwa yangaphambili - Bukele noma yiluphi uhlu lwaselebhu lwamuva, izifundo zokubonisa izithombe, noma imibiko ye-biopsy

Lungiselela imibuzo okumele uyibuze udokotela wakho:

• Mayelana nokuxilongwa kwakho - Iyiphi uhlobo naliphi isigaba se-cancer yakho? Lokhu kusho ukuthini ngokuqagela kwakho?
• Mayelana nezinketho zokwelapha - Yiziphi izindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo? Yiziphi izinzuzo nezingozi zazo ngalinye?
• Mayelana nemiphumela emibi - Yini okufanele uyilinde ngesikhathi sokwelashwa? Ungaphathwa kanjani imiphumela emibi?
• Mayelana nokukhathalela okulandelayo - Uzohlangana kaningi kangakanani? Yiziphi izivivinyo ezizodingeka?

Cabanga ukuthi ulethe umngane othembekile noma ilungu lomndeni ukuze akusize ukukhumbula ulwazi nokukunikeza ukwesekwa ngokomzwelo. Unganqikazi ukucela udokotela wakho ukuba aphindele noma achaze noma yini ongayiqondi kahle.

Ingabe i-Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma ingavinjelwa?

Nakuba ungakwazi ukuvimbela ngokuphelele i-nasopharyngeal carcinoma, ikakhulukazi uma unezici ezingozi ze-genetic, kunezinyathelo ongazithatha ukuze unciphise ingozi yakho. Ukuvimbela kugxila ekugwemeni izici ezingozi ezaziwayo uma kungenzeka futhi ugcine impilo enhle ngokujwayelekile.

Izinyathelo ezingasiza ekuqedeni ingozi yakho zihlanganisa:

• Khawula ukudla okugcinwe ngosawoti - Nciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwenhlanzi ebilisiwe ngosawoti nezinye izibili ezigcinwe kakhulu
• Dla ukudla okunempilo - Gxila ezithelo ezintsha, imifino, namabele aphelele
• Gwema utshaba - Ungabhemi futhi nciphisa ukubhekana nokubhema okwesibili
• Khawula ukusetshenziswa kotshwala - Phuza ngokulinganisela uma ukhetha ukuphuza
• Yenza ukuphepha endaweni yokusebenza - Sebenzisa imishini yokukhuselwa efanele uma usebenza nezinto ezikhiqizwayo noma uthuli

Kubantu abasezingeni eliphezulu lokungena engozini ngenxa yomlando womndeni noma uhlanga:

• Ukuhlola okuvamile - Xoxa ngezinketho zokuhlola nodokotela wakho
• Qaphela izimpawu - Yazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyilinde futhi ubhale izinguquko ngokushesha
• Gcina impilo enhle yonke - Zivocavoca njalo futhi ulawule izimo ezingapheli

Ngeshwa, njengoba ukutheleleka yi-Epstein-Barr virus kuvamile kakhulu futhi izici zezofudu ezingeke zishintshwe, ukuvimbela okuphelele akuvamile. Kodwa-ke, lezi zinketho zokuphila okunempilo zingasekele inhlalakahle yakho yonke futhi zingakusiza ukunciphisa ingozi yakho.

Iyini i-Key Takeaway Mayelana ne-Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma?

I-Nasopharyngeal carcinoma iwumdlavuza ophatheka, ikakhulukazi uma utholakala ekuqaleni. Nakuba ukuxilongwa kungase kuzwakale kukhulu, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi lo mnyombo uvame ukuphendula kahle ekwelapheni, futhi abantu abaningi baqhubeka bephila impilo egcwele, enempilo ngemuva kokwelashwa.

Izinto ezibaluleke kakhulu okumele uzikhumbule ukuthi izimpawu eziqhubekayo zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha, ukutholakala ekuqaleni kwenza umehluko omkhulu emiphumeleni, futhi kukhona ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo. Iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizoqala nawe ukwenza uhlelo lokwelapha olufanele isimo sakho esithile.

Hlala uxhumene neqembu lakho lezokwelapha, ulandele uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa ngokucophelela, futhi ungangabazi ukubuza imibuzo noma ukukhuluma ngezinkinga. Ngokunakekelwa okuhle nokusekelwa, ungakwazi ukubhekana nale nselelo ngempumelelo bese ugxila ekuphileni kwakho nasempilweni yakho yesikhathi esizayo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Mayelana Ne-Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

UMbuzo 1: Ingabe i-nasopharyngeal carcinoma iyefa?

Nakuba i-nasopharyngeal carcinoma ingadluliselwa ngqo njengamanye ama-genetic diseases, kukhona iphethini yokubuthana komndeni, ikakhulukazi phakathi kwamaqembu athile ezizwe. Uma unezihlobo eziseduze ezinale kansala, ingozi yakho ingaba phezulu, kodwa lokhu akusho ukuthi uzoyithola ngokuqinisekile. Le kansala cishe ivela ekuhlanganiseni kokuthambekela kwe-genetic nezici zemvelo ezisebenza ndawonye.

UMbuzo 2: Ukwelashwa kwe-nasopharyngeal carcinoma kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani?

Ubude bokwelashwa buyahluka kuye ngesimo sakho esithile, kodwa abantu abaningi baqedela ukwelashwa kwabo okuyinhloko phakathi nezinyanga ezingu-2-3. Ukwelashwa ngomgogodla kuvame ukuthatha amasonto angu-6-7 okwelashwa kwansuku zonke, kuyilapho izinhlelo zokwelashwa nge-chemotherapy ziyahluka. Udokotela wakho uzokunika isikhathi esicacile esisekelwe ehlelweni lakho lokwelashwa, futhi ukunakekelwa okulandelayo kuyaqhubeka iminyaka eminingana ngemuva kwalokho.

UMbuzo 3: Ingabe i-nasopharyngeal carcinoma ingabuya ngemuva kokwelashwa?

Njengamanye ama-cancer, i-nasopharyngeal carcinoma ingabuya, kodwa lokhu kwenzeka kubantu abambalwa. Iningi lokuphinda kuvela kwenzeka eminyakeni embalwa yokuqala ngemuva kokwelashwa, kungakho ukuya emakonsathini okuhlola okujwayelekile kubaluleke kakhulu. Uma umdlavuza ubuyela, kusekhona izinketho zokwelashwa ezitholakalayo, kufaka phakathi ukwelashwa okwengeziwe ngomgogodla, i-chemotherapy, noma ukwelashwa okusha.

UMbuzo 4: Ingabe ngizolahlekelwa ukuzwa kwami ​​nge-nasopharyngeal carcinoma noma ukwelashwa kwayo?

Izinkinga zokuzwa zingase zenzeke kokubili ngenxa yomdlavuza ngokwawo nangokwelashwa, kodwa lokhu akwenzeki kubo bonke. Umdlavuza ungavimba imibhobho yakho yokopha amanzi ezindlebeni, kuyilapho ukwelashwa ngomgogodla kungathinta izakhiwo zokuzwa. Noma kunjalo, abantu abaningi bagcina ukuzwa kwabo, futhi lapho kwenzeka izinkinga, zivame ukuphathwa ngezinsiza zokuzwa noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

Q.5: Ngingazi kanjani ukuthi izimpawu zami zivela emdlavuzini we-nasopharyngeal noma kwenye into?

Izimpawu eziningi zomdlavuza we-nasopharyngeal zihlangana neemeko ezivamile njengezifo ze-sinus noma i-allergies. Ukwahlukana okubalulekile ukuthi izimpawu zomdlavuza zivame ukuba zihlala njalo, zikodwa, futhi azithuthuki ngokwelashwa okuvamile. Uma unezimpawu ezihlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto ambalwa, ikakhulukazi uma ziya ziba zimbi, kubalulekile ukubona udokotela wakho ukuze uthole ukwelashwa okufanele.