Ukuthi yini i-Neurofibroma? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, kanye Nokwelashwa

I-neurofibroma iyisigxobo esingalimi (esingesiye i-cancer) esikhula phezu noma eduze kwesisu senzwa. Lezi zikhula ezithambile, ezinyama zikhula lapho amaseli asekelayo futhi avikele izinzwa zakho eziningi kunokuba kufanele.

Izinengi ze-neurofibromas azinamaphutha futhi zikhula kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Zingabonakala kuphi na emzimbeni wakho lapho kunamizwa, nakuba zivame kakhulu ukufunyanwa phezu noma ngaphansi kwesikhumba. Nakuba igama elithi "isigxobo" lingase lizwakale liyesabekayo, lezi zikhula azivami ukuba yi-cancer futhi abantu abaningi baphila ngokunethezeka nazo.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-neurofibroma?

Isici esibonakalayo se-neurofibroma ngokuvamile iyibhontshisi ethambile, enama-rubbery ongayizwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho. Lezi zibhontshisi ngokuvamile zizwa zithambile uma ucindezela phezu kwazo, ngokungafani nezinye izigxobo ezinzima ongazithola kwenye indawo emzimbeni wakho.

Nawa ama-symptom aphambili ongawabona:

• Izibhontshisi ezithambile, ezihambayo ngaphansi kwesikhumba ezizwa zinjenge-rubbery noma zithambile
• Izibhontshisi ezimhlophe zesikhumba noma ezimnyama kancane ezingase zibe buthambile noma zibe nzima
• Ukuthimfula noma ukungabi namandla endaweni eduze kokukhula
• Ubuhlungu obuthambile noma ubuhlungu uma ibhontshisi icindezelwe
• Ukukhahlela noma ukuzwela endaweni ethintekayo

Izinengi ze-neurofibromas azibangeli ubuhlungu ngaphandle uma zicindezela izinzwa noma izitho eziseduze. Uma unezikhula eziningi, ungase uzibone zivele kancane kancane ezinyangeni noma eminyakeni kunokuba zibe khona ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Ziyini izinhlobo ze-neurofibroma?

Odokotela bahlukanisa i-neurofibromas ngezinhlobo eziningi ngokusekelwe lapho zikhula khona nokuthi zibonakala kanjani. Ukuqonda le mihluko kungakusiza wazi ukuthi yini okulindeleke esimweni sakho esithile.

Izinhlobo eziphambili zihlanganisa:

• I-Cutaneous neurofibromas: Lezi zikhula phezu noma ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho futhi yilona hlobo oluvamile
• I-Subcutaneous neurofibromas: Lezi zikhula ngaphansi kwesikhumba futhi zingase zizwe zikhulu noma ziqinile
• I-Plexiform neurofibromas: Lezi zikhula ezinzwini ezinkulu futhi zingakhula kakhulu
• I-Spinal neurofibromas: Lezi zikhula ezinzwini emathanjeni akho futhi azivamile

Izinhlobo ze-Cutaneous ne-subcutaneous ngokuvamile zincinyane futhi zibangela izinkinga ezimbalwa. I-Plexiform neurofibromas iyindlala kodwa idinga ukulandelelwa eduze ngoba ingase ibe yi-cancer futhi ingase ibe nezimpawu eziningi ngenxa yosayizi nendawo yayo.

Yini ebangela i-neurofibroma?

I-Neurofibromas ikhula lapho amaseli abizwa ngamaseli e-Schwann, avamile ukuvikela nokusekela izinzwa zakho, eqala ukukhula ngokungavamile. Lokhu kwenzeka ngenxa yokuhluka kwezinhlobo ze-gene ezivamile ukugcina ukukhula kwamaseli kulawulwa.

Izimbangela eziphambili zihlanganisa:

• I-Neurofibromatosis uhlobo 1 (NF1): Isimo se-genetic esibangela i-neurofibromas eminingi
• Ukuhluka kwe-genetic okungalindelekile: Ukuguqulwa okungahleliwe okungabangela izigxobo ezizodwa
• Ukuguqulwa kwe-gene elidluliselwe: Ukuhluka okudluliselwa kubazali, nakuba lokhu kungavamile ezimweni ezihlukile

Cishe ingxenye yabantu abane-NF1 bafa bezuze lesi simo kubazali babo, kanti enye ingxenye bayithole ngenxa yokuhluka kwe-genetic okusha. Uma une-neurofibromas eyodwa noma ezimbili ngaphandle kwezinye izimpawu, cishe awuna-NF1 futhi ukukhula kwenzeke ngenxa yokuhluka kwe-genetic okungahleliwe kuleyo ndawo ethile.

Nini okufanele ubona udokotela nge-neurofibroma?

Kufanele uhlele i-appointment nodokotela wakho uma ubona noma yiziphi izigxobo ezintsha emzimbeni wakho, ngisho noma azilimazi. Nakuba izinengi ze-neurofibromas azinamaphutha, kubalulekile ukuthola ukuxilongwa okufanele ukuze ukhishwe ezinye izimo.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nalokhu:

• Ukukhula okusheshayo kwesigxobo esikhona
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu noma ukungabi namandla endaweni ethintekayo
• Ukuhluka kombala noma ukubukeka kokukhula
• Izibhontshisi eziningi ezintsha ezivela ngesikhathi esifushane
• Ubuthakathaka noma ukulahleka komsebenzi ezinzwini eziseduze

Uma usuvele wazi ukuthi une-neurofibromas, ukuhlolwa okuvamile kusiza udokotela wakho ukulandelela noma yikuphi ukuhluka. Abantu abaningi abane-neurofibromas ezinzile badinga nje ukuvakasha minyaka yonke, kodwa udokotela wakho uzokuncoma isimiso esifanele isimo sakho.

Ziyini izinto ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini ye-neurofibroma?

Izinto eziningi zingandisa amathuba akho okukhula kwe-neurofibromas, nakuba abantu abaningi abanezi zinto ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini abazitholi le simo. Ukuqonda lezi zinto kungakusiza uhlale uqaphele izimpawu ezingase zibe khona.

Izinto eziphambili ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini zihlanganisa:

• Umlando womndeni we-neurofibromatosis: Ukuba nomzali onen-NF1 kukunika amathuba angu-50% okuba nayo
• Iminyaka: Izinengi ze-neurofibromas zivele ngesikhathi sobuntwana, ubusha, noma ekuqaleni kokukhula
• Ukukhishwa kwengqondo kwangaphambili: Ngokungavamile, ukwelashwa ngengqondo kungandisa ingozi
• Izinto ze-genetic: Ukuguqulwa kwe-genetic okuthile kungase kwenze abanye abantu babe sengozini

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izinengi ze-neurofibromas ezihlukile zenzeka ngokungahleliwe ngaphandle kwanoma yiziphi izinto ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini ezaziwayo. Ukuba ne-neurofibroma eyodwa akusho ukuthi uzokhula okuningi, ikakhulukazi uma ungenawo amanye ama-symptom e-neurofibromatosis.

Ziyini izinhlanganisela ezingase zenzeke nge-neurofibroma?

Izinengi ze-neurofibromas azibangeli izinkinga futhi zihlala zinzile ekuphileni kwakho konke. Noma kunjalo, ukuqonda izinhlanganisela ezingase zenzeke kungakusiza wazi ukuthi nini okufanele ufune ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okwengeziwe.

Izinhlanganisela ezingase zenzeke zihlanganisa:

• Ukucindezela kwezinzwa: Izigxobo ezinkulu zingase zicindezele izinzwa eziseduze, zibangele ubuhlungu noma ukungabi namandla
• Izinkinga zokubukeka: Ukuvela kwezikhula kungase kuthonye ukubukeka kwakho noma ukuzethemba kwakho
• Izinkinga zokusebenza: Izigxobo eziseduze kwamajoini noma izitho zingase zihlanganise ukunyakaza okuvamile
• Ukuguqulwa kwe-malignant: Ngokungavamile, i-neurofibromas ingaba yi-cancer (ngaphansi kuka-5% yezimo)
• Ukuphuza igazi noma ukutheleleka: Uma ukukhula kulimala noma kukhungathekile ngokuphindaphindiwe

I-Plexiform neurofibromas inengozi encane yokuba yi-cancer uma iqhathaniswa nezinye izinhlobo, yingakho odokotela beyilandela eduze. Noma kunjalo, iningi le-neurofibromas alibangeli izinkinga ezinkulu zezempilo.

I-neurofibroma ixilongwa kanjani?

Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokuhlola ukukhula nokubuza ngezimpawu zakho nomlando womndeni. Ezimweni eziningi, odokotela bangaxilonga i-neurofibroma ngokuyibona nje nokubona ukubukeka kwayo.

Inkqubo yokuxilonga ngokuvamile ihlanganisa:

1. Ukuhlolwa komzimba: Udokotela wakho uzobamba ukukhula futhi ahlole ezinye izibhontshisi ezifanayo
2. Umlando wezokwelapha: Ingxoxo yokuthi ukukhula kuqale nini nanoma yiziphi izimpawu
3. Izivivinyo ze-imaging: I-MRI noma i-CT scans uma isigxobo sikhulu noma siseduze nendawo ebuhlungu
4. I-Biopsy: Ayivamile, kodwa ingase yenziwe uma ukuxilongwa kungacaci
5. I-Genetic testing: Kunconywa uma une-neurofibromas eminingi noma umlando womndeni

Izinengi ze-neurofibromas ezincane, ezivamile azidingi ukuhlolwa okuningi. Udokotela wakho cishe uzokuncoma i-imaging noma i-biopsy kuphela uma ukukhula kubukeka kungavamile, kukhula ngokushesha, noma kubangele izimpawu ezinkulu.

Yini ukwelashwa kwe-neurofibroma?

Izinengi ze-neurofibromas azidingi noma yiluphi ukwelashwa futhi zingalandelelwa nje ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Udokotela wakho uzokuncoma ukwelashwa ikakhulu uma ukukhula kubangela izimpawu, kuthinta ukubukeka kwakho kakhulu, noma kubonisa ukuhluka okukhathazayo.

Amathuba okwelashwa ahlanganisa:

• Ukulinda: Ukulandelela okuvamile kwezigxobo ezincane, ezinzile
• Ukususa ngokusebenza: Ukwelashwa okuvamile kwe-neurofibromas ezinzima
• I-Laser therapy: Ngoba izikhula ezincane, ezingaphezulu ezithinta ukubukeka
• Imithi ehloliwe: Imithi emisha ye-plexiform neurofibromas enkulu
• Ukuphathwa kobuhlungu: Imithi noma ukwelashwa uma isigxobo sibangela ubuhlungu

Ukuhlinzwa ngokuvamile kulula kwe-neurofibromas encane, abantu abaningi bephulukana ngokushesha. Ngoba izigxobo ezinkulu noma ezingaphansi, inqubo ingase ibe nzima kakhulu, kodwa izinhlanganisela ezinkulu azivamile. Udokotela wakho uzoxoxa ngendlela engcono kakhulu ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile.

Indlela yokuphatha i-neurofibroma ekhaya?

Nakuba ungakwazi ukwelapha i-neurofibromas ekhaya, kunezindlela eziningi zokuphatha izimpawu nokunakekela wena phakathi kokuvakasha kwedokotela. Lezi zindlela zingakusiza uzizwe ukhululekile futhi uqiniseke.

Nawa ongawakwenza ekhaya:

• Vikela indawo: Gwema izingubo ezinzima noma imisebenzi engase ikhungathekise ukukhula
• Landelela ukuhluka: Thatha izithombe njalo ukuze ulandele noma yikuphi ukuhluka ngobukhulu noma ukubukeka
• Phatha ubuhlungu: Sebenzisa imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu uma indawo iqala ukuba buhlungu
• Gcina isikhumba siphilile: Faka umswakama endaweni futhi ugweme ukukhahlela noma ukukhetha
• Hlala unolwazi: Funda ngesimo sakho ukuze wenze izinqumo ezinhle zezempilo

Uma une-neurofibromas eminingi, ukugcina i-log elula yendawo yazo nanoma yikuphi ukuhluka kungasiza ngezikhathi zokuvakasha kwedokotela. Khumbula ukuthi izinengi zokuguquka ziyizinto ezivamile futhi azibonisi izinkinga, kodwa ukuzibhala kubasiza iqembu lakho lezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukunikeza ukunakekelwa okungcono.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-appointment yakho yedokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-appointment yakho kungakusiza uthole okuningi ngesikhathi sakho nodokotela wakho futhi kuqinisekise ukuthi zonke izinkinga zakho ziqondwa. Ukuzilungiselela kancane kungenza ukuvakasha kube nomphumela futhi kungabi nokucindezeleka.

Ngaphambi kwe-appointment yakho:

1. Bhala izimpawu zakho: Qaphela ukuthi uqale nini ukubona ukukhula nanoma yikuphi ukuhluka
2. Bala imithi yakho: Faka yonke imithi yokwelapha, izongezelelo, nemithi yokuthengwa ngaphandle kwesikripthi
3. Bula umlando womndeni: Ulwazi mayelana nezihlobo ezinazimo ezifanayo noma izifo ze-genetic
4. Lungiselela imibuzo: Bhala phansi lokho ofuna ukukwazi ngamathuba okwelashwa kanye nokubikezela
5. Letha izithombe: Uma unezithombe ezibonisa ukuhluka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, lezi zingasiza kakhulu

Ungangabazi ukubuza udokotela wakho ukuba achaze noma yini ongayiqondi. Imibuzo mayelana nokuthi ukukhula kungase kukhule, uma kungase kube yi-cancer, noma kungase kuthinte kanjani impilo yakho yansuku zonke konke kuyinto efanele futhi kubalulekile ukuthula kwengqondo yakho.

Iyini into ebalulekile mayelana ne-neurofibroma?

I-Neurofibromas iyizikhula ezivamile, ezingalimi ezikhula esiswini senzwa. Nakuba ukufumana noma yiliphi ibhontshisi elisha emzimbeni wakho kungase kukhathaze, izinengi ze-neurofibromas azibangeli izinkinga ezinkulu zezempilo futhi abantu abaningi baphila ngokujwayelekile nazo.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi ukuthola ukuxilongwa okufanele kukunikeza ukuthula kwengqondo futhi kukusiza wenze izinqumo ezifanele mayelana nokunakekelwa kwakho. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi i-neurofibroma yakho idinga ukwelashwa noma ukulandelelwa nje, ukusebenza neqembu lakho lezokunakekelwa kwezempilo kuqinisekisa ukuthi uzothola ukunakekelwa okufanele okuhambisana nesimo sakho esithile.

Uma usanda kuxilongwa nge-neurofibroma, yazi ukuthi awuwedwa nokuthi kunezindlela zokuphatha ezisebenza kahle ezitholakalayo. Abantu abaningi abane-neurofibromas baqhubeka bephila impilo esebenzayo, enempilo ngokuthinta okuncane esimweni sabo.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwa mayelana ne-neurofibroma

Ingabe i-neurofibromas ingase iphele yodwa?

I-Neurofibromas ngokuvamile ayipheli ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Ngokuvamile ihlala inosayizi ofanayo noma ikhula kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Noma kunjalo, ezinye ezincane kakhulu zingase zingabonakali njengoba ukhula, futhi azivamile ukubangela izinkinga ngisho noma ziqhubeka.

Ingabe i-neurofibromas ibuhlungu?

Izinengi ze-neurofibromas azibangeli ubuhlungu ngaphandle uma zicindezela izinzwa eziseduze noma zikhungathekile izingubo noma ukunyakaza. Ungase uzwe ubuhlungu obuncane noma ukuthimfula, kodwa ubuhlungu obukhulu abuvamile futhi kufanele uxoxwe nodokotela wakho.

Ngingasebenza nge-neurofibroma?

Yebo, ngokuvamile ungasebenza ngokujwayelekile nge-neurofibromas. Ungase ufune ukugwema imisebenzi ebeka ukucindezela ngqo ekukhuleni noma ebangela ukugqwala okuphindaphindayo. Ukubhukuda, ukuhamba, nokuningi kwezemidlalo ngokuvamile kulungile, kodwa xoxa nanoma yiziphi izinkinga nodokotela wakho.

Ngingase ngithole i-neurofibromas eminingi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi?

Uma une-neurofibromas eyodwa noma ezimbili ngaphandle kwezinye izimpawu, cishe awusoze waba nezinye eziningi. Noma kunjalo, abantu abane-neurofibromatosis uhlobo 1 ngokuvamile bathuthukisa ukukhula okwengeziwe ekuphileni kwabo konke, ikakhulukazi ngezikhathi zokuguquka kwe-hormonal njengobusha noma ukukhulelwa.

Kufanele ngikhathazeke uma i-neurofibroma yami ihluka?

Ukuhluka okuncane ngobukhulu, umbala, noma ukubukeka ngokuvamile kuyinto evamile, ikakhulukazi njengoba ukhula. Noma kunjalo, ukukhula okusheshayo, ukuhluka okukhulu kombala, noma ubuhlungu obusha kufanele buhlolwe udokotela. Izinengi zokuguquka ziyizinto ezinhle, kodwa kuhlale kungcono ukuba ziqalekwe ukuze uqiniseke.