Ukuthi yini i-Asthma Yemisebenzi? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

I-Asthma yemisebenzi uhlobo lwe-Asthma oluvela lapho uphefumula izinto ezisemsebenzini ezicasula noma eziphefumula izindlela zakho zokuphefumula. Ngokungafani ne-Asthma ejwayelekile eqala ebuntwaneni, lesi simo senzeka ngenxa yokubekwa emsebenzini wakho.

Ivame kakhulu kunokuba ungacabanga, ithinta cishe i-15% yazo zonke izimo ze-Asthma zabantu abadala. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi uma uqaphela futhi uqaphele into ecasula emsebenzini, abantu abaningi babona ukuthuthuka okukhulu ezimpawu zabo.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Asthma yemisebenzi?

Izimpawu ze-Asthma yemisebenzi zifana kakhulu ne-Asthma ejwayelekile, kodwa zilandela iphethini ehlukile ehlobene nesheduli yakho yomsebenzi. Ungase uqaphele ukuthi izinkinga zakho zokuphefumula ziya ziba zimbi ngezinsuku zomsebenzi futhi zibe ngcono ngempelasonto noma ngamaholide.

Nazi izimpawu eziyinhloko okumele uzilandele:

• Ukuphuza noma umsindo wokukhukhumela lapho uphefumula
• Ukuphefumula okufushane, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi somsebenzi womzimba
• Ukubopha kwesifuba okuzwakala sengathi ibhendi esifubeni sakho
• Ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo, okungase kube komile noma kukhiqize ukhukhu olucacile
• Ikhala noma iphunga eliphefumula eliqala noma elibi emsebenzini
• Amehlo amanzi, ashisayo
• Ukukhathala ngenxa yokulala okubi ngenxa yobuhlungu bokuphuza

Okwenza i-Asthma yemisebenzi ibe yiyona ukuthi isikhathi. Izimpawu zakho zivame ukuthuthuka lapho ungekho emsebenzini isikhathi eside futhi ubuyele lapho ubuyela emsebenzini wakho.

Ziyini izinhlobo ze-Asthma yemisebenzi?

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko ze-Asthma yemisebenzi, nokuqonda umehluko kusiza ekuchazeni ukuthi izimpawu zingase zithuthuke kanjani ngokushesha. Uhlobo ngalunye lunezimbangela nezinkathi ezahlukene.

Uhlobo lokuqala lubizwa ngokuthi i-Asthma yemisebenzi ecasulayo. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho isimiso sakho sokuvikela simunca into yemisebenzi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngokuvamile kuthatha izinyanga noma iminyaka ukuthuthuka. Ukuthi umzimba wakho ufunda ukucasula into.

Uhlobo lwesibili yileyo ecasulwa yizinto ezicasulayo. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho ukhombiswe amazinga aphezulu ezinto ezicasulayo noma izinto ezilimazayo izindlela zakho zokuphefumula. Ngokungafani nohlobo olucasulayo, lokhu kungenzeka ngokushesha ngemuva kokubekwa okukhulu okukodwa.

Kukhona nesimo esihambisanayo esibizwa ngokuthi i-Asthma ebiyelwe yimisebenzi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi wawunayo i-Asthma, kodwa ukubekwa emsebenzini kwenza izimpawu zakho ezikhona zibe zimbi. Nakuba kufana, ngokutekhniki kuhlukile kwi-Asthma yangempela yemisebenzi.

Yini ebangela i-Asthma yemisebenzi?

I-Asthma yemisebenzi ithuthuka lapho uphefumula izinto ezithile emsebenzini ezicasula impendulo yokuvimbela noma ecasula ngokuqondile izindlela zakho zokuphefumula. Izinto ezingaphezu kuka-400 ezahlukene zendawo yomsebenzi zibonwe njengezinto ezingase zicasule.

Izimbangela ezivamile zihlanganisa:

• Amaprotheni ezilwaneni, ezitshalweni, noma ezinsekisini (njengezilwane zaselebhoratri, ufulawa, noma i-latex)
• Amakhemikhali asetshenziswa ekukhiqizeni (kuhlanganise ne-isocyanates emapeyintini naseplastiki)
• Amatshe nama-metal salts (njenge-platinum, i-chromium, noma i-nickel)
• Uthuli lwezinkuni, ikakhulukazi oluvela e-cedar, i-oak, noma i-mahogany
• Ama-enzymes asetshenziswa ezihlanzini noma ekucubunguleni ukudla
• Izithako zezidakamizwa nezidakamizwa
• Imikhiqizo yokuhlanza nezinto zokubulala amagciwane

Eminye imisebenzi inezinkinga eziphezulu kunabanye. Abasebenzi bezempilo, ababheki, abalimi, abapendi, nabasebenzi bokukhiqiza baphakathi kwalabo abathinteka kakhulu. Ngisho nabasebenzi ehhovisi bangathuthukisa i-Asthma yemisebenzi ngenxa yekhwalithi yomoya omuhle ehhovisi noma amakhemikhali okuhlanza.

Ngokungavamile, i-Asthma yemisebenzi ingathuthuka ngenxa yokubekwa ezintweni ezifana ne-reactive dyes ezisetshenziswa ezingutsheni, ezinye izinto zeplastiki, noma ngisho nokudla okuthile okuthuthukiswe ezindaweni zokukhiqiza. Okubalulekile ukuthi ukuvezwa okuphindaphindayo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kuvumela umzimba wakho ukuthi uthuthukise ukucasuka.

Nini okumele ubone udokotela nge-Asthma yemisebenzi?

Kufanele ubheke udokotela uma uqaphela izinkinga zokuphefumula ezibonakala zihlangene nesheduli yakho yomsebenzi. Ungalindi izimpawu zibe zimbi, njengoba ukuxilongwa kwasekuqaleni nokwelashwa kuholela eziphumeleni ezinhle.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha uma uhlangabezana nokuphuza, ukuhlanza okuqhubekayo, noma ukubopha kwesifuba okuthuthuka ngempelasonto noma ngamaholide. Lezi ziphethini zibonisa ngokuqinile ukuxhumana kwendawo yomsebenzi okudinga ukulingwa kochwepheshe.

Thola ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma unezimpawu ezinkulu njengobunzima bokukhuluma ngenxa yokuphefumula okufushane, izinga lokugijima lenhliziyo, noma izindebe noma iinzipho ezihlaza. Lezi zimpawu zibonisa ukuthi i-Asthma yakho ayilawulwa kahle futhi idinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo.

Ngisho noma izimpawu zakho zibonakala zingenabungozi, kufanele uxoxe nodokotela wakho. Ukungenelela kwasekuqaleni kungavimbela isimo sibe siphakade futhi kukusize ugcine umsebenzi omuhle wephunga isikhathi eside.

Ziyini izinto ezingase zikhulise ingozi ye-Asthma yemisebenzi?

Izinto eziningi zingase zikhulise amathuba akho okuthuthukisa i-Asthma yemisebenzi, nakuba ukuba nezinto ezingase zikhulise ingozi akusho ukuthi uzoyithuthukisa leyo simo. Ukuqonda lokhu kukusiza uhlale uqaphele ukuthi unokuthi ubuthakathaka.

Izinto zempilo yomuntu siqu ezikhulise ingozi zihlanganisa:

• Ukuba ne-allergies noma umlando womndeni we-Asthma noma i-allergies
• Ukuba ne-Asthma kakade, okuyinto ukubekwa emsebenzini okungayenza ibe zimbi
• Ukuba umfuyi, njengoba ukubhema kulimaza izindlela zokuphefumula futhi kukhulise ukucasuka
• Ukuba nezinhlungu zokuphefumula ngenkathi ukhombiswe izinto ezingase zicasule emsebenzini

Izinto zendawo yomsebenzi nazo zidlalela indima ebalulekile. Amazinga aphezulu okuvezwa ezintweni ezingase zicasule akhulise ingozi yakho, njengoba kwenza isikhathi eside sokuvezwa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ngokuthakazelisayo, abanye abantu bathuthukisa i-Asthma yemisebenzi ngisho nokuvezwa okuncane, kanti abanye basebenza iminyaka eminingi emisebenzini enokuvezwa okuphezulu ngaphandle kwezinkinga. Lokhu kubonisa ukuthi ukutholakala komuntu siqu kuyahluka kakhulu kumuntu ngamunye.

Ziyini izinhlanganisela ezingase zenzeke nge-Asthma yemisebenzi?

Ngaphandle kokulawulwa okufanele, i-Asthma yemisebenzi ingase iholele ezinhlanganiseni ezinkulu ezithinta impilo yakho kanye nekhwalithi yokuphila. Okukhathazayo kakhulu ukuthi isimo singaba siphakade ngisho nangemva kokushiya indawo yomsebenzi ecasulayo.

Izinhlanganisela ezivamile zihlanganisa:

• Ukonakala okuphakade kwezindlela zokuphefumula kanye nezimpawu ze-Asthma eziqhubekayo
• Ukungena ingozi enkulu yezinhlungu zokuphefumula
• Ukuphazamiseka kokulala okuholela ekhathaleni elikhulu
• Ukunciphisa ukukhuthazeka komzimba nomsebenzi womzimba
• Ukukhathazeka nokucindezeleka okuhlobene nobunzima bokuphuza
• Ukuhlupheka ngokwezimali ngenxa yokushintsha kwemisebenzi noma izindleko zezokwelapha

Ngokungavamile, i-Asthma yemisebenzi eqinile ingase iholele ekuhlaselweni kwe-Asthma okusongela impilo noma ukwenzakala okukhulu kwephunga. Abanye abantu bathuthukisa isifo sokuphefumula esiqhubekayo (COPD) uma isimo singalashwa iminyaka eminingi.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izinhlanganisela eziningi zingavikeleka ngokubona kwasekuqaleni nokwelashwa okufanele. Ukusebenza nodokotela wakho ukuqaphela izinto ezingase zicasule nokuphatha izimpawu kusiza ekuvikeleni impilo yakho yephunga isikhathi eside.

I-Asthma yemisebenzi ingavikeleka kanjani?

Ukuvimbela i-Asthma yemisebenzi kugxila ekunciphiseni noma ekususeni ukuvezwa ezintweni ezingase zicasule emsebenzini. Indlela ephumelelayo kakhulu ihlanganisa izinyathelo zokuphepha kwendawo yomsebenzi nezinqubo zokuzivimbela.

Izindlela zokuvimbela kwendawo yomsebenzi zihlanganisa ukusebenzisa izinhlelo ezifanele zokuphefumula, ukushintsha izinto eziphephile uma kungenzeka, nokusebenzisa izilawuli zobuchwepheshe ukuze kuncishiswe ukuvezwa komoya. Ukuqapha njalo ikhwalithi yomoya wendawo yomsebenzi kusiza ekuqapheliseni izinkinga ezingase zenzeke kwasekuqaleni.

Ukuzivikela kuhlanganisa ukugqoka imishini efanele yokuphefumula uma kudingeka, ukulandela izinqubo zokuphepha, nokugcina impilo enhle ejwayelekile. Uma unesongo elikhulu ngenxa ye-allergies noma umlando womndeni, xoxa nalabo abasebenza nawe emsebenzini.

Ukuhlolwa kwempilo kwangaphambi kokusebenza ngezinye izikhathi kungase kuqaphele abantu abanesongo elikhulu, nakuba lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngokucophelela ukuze kuvinjelwe ukucwaswa okungalungile. Ukugxila kufanele kube ekuhambisaneni kwabantu nemisebenzi ngokuphepha kunokubakhipha ngokuphelele.

I-Asthma yemisebenzi ixilongwa kanjani?

Ukuxilonga i-Asthma yemisebenzi kudinga ukuxhuma izimpawu zakho ekuvezweni kwendawo yomsebenzi, okungase kube nzima kodwa kubalulekile ekwelapheni okufanele. Udokotela wakho uzodinga ukuqeda ezinye izinhlobo ze-Asthma futhi aqinisekise ukuxhumana komsebenzi.

Inqubo yokuxilonga ngokuvamile iqala ngomlando wezokwelapha onemininingwane egxile endaweni yakho yomsebenzi, izimpawu, kanye neziphethini zesikhathi. Udokotela wakho uzokubuza ngezinto ezithile ozibekwe kuzo nokuthi izimpawu zenzeka nini.

Izivivinyo zomsebenzi wephunga kubalulekile ekuxilongweni. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise i-spirometry ukuze kuqashwe ukuthi uphefumula kangcono kangakanani, ukuqapha ukugijima okuphezulu emsebenzini nasekhaya, futhi ngezinye izikhathi izivivinyo zokucasula i-methacholine ukuze kuhlolwe ukusebenza kwezindlela zokuphefumula.

Izivivinyo ezikhethekile zingase zihlanganise ukuhlolwa kwe-immunologic ngezinto ezingase zicasule emsebenzini noma izivivinyo zokubekwa emsebenzini lapho uqapha khona ngenkathi ukhombiswe izinto ezingase zicasule ngaphansi kwezimo ezilawulwayo. Lezi zivinyo zisiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuxilongwa ngokuqinile.

Yini ukwelashwa kwe-Asthma yemisebenzi?

Ukwelashwa kwe-Asthma yemisebenzi kugxila emigomweni emibili ebalulekile: ukulawula izimpawu zakho ezikhona nokuvimbela ukuvezwa okwengeziwe ezintweni ezingase zicasule. Isinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu ukubona nokuqaphela izinto zendawo yomsebenzi ezingase zicasule izimpawu zakho.

Ukwelashwa ngemithi kufana ne-Asthma ejwayelekile futhi kuhlanganisa:

• I-inhalers yokusiza ngokushesha (i-bronchodilators) ukuze kusizwe izimpawu ngokushesha
• Imithi yokulawula isikhathi eside njenge-inhaled corticosteroids
• I-inhalers ehlanganisiwe ezihlanganisa womabili uhlobo lwemiithi
• Imithi yomlomo yezimo ezinkulu
• Imithi ye-allergy uma kuqaphelwe izinto ezingase zicasule i-allergy

Ukushintsha kwendawo yomsebenzi kubaluleke ngokulinganayo. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukuthuthukisa ukuphefumula, ukusebenzisa imishini yokuzivikela, noma ukushintsha imisebenzi ukuze kuncishiswe ukuvezwa. Ngezinye izikhathi, ngokudabukisayo, ukushintsha imisebenzi kuba yinto edingekayo ukuze kulawulwe izimpawu ngokuphelele.

Udokotela wakho uzosebenza nawe ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lokusebenza lwe-Asthma oluhlanganisa imithi yansuku zonke, ukwelashwa okusindisa, kanye nemiyalo ecacile yokulawula ukukhula. Ukuvakasha okuqhubekayo kokulandelela kusiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi ukwelashwa kwakho kuqhubeka kuphuma.

Indlela yokuphatha i-Asthma yemisebenzi ekhaya?

Ukuphatha i-Asthma yemisebenzi ekhaya kuhlanganisa ukudala indawo esekela impilo yakho yephunga nokulandelwa kohlelo lwakho lokwelashwa ngokuqhubekayo. Ikhaya lakho kufanele libe yindawo lapho izindlela zakho zokuphefumula zingaphulukiswa khona ekuvezweni kwendawo yomsebenzi.

Gcina indawo yakho yasekhaya ihlanzekile futhi ingenazo ezinye izinto ezingase zicasule i-Asthma njenge-dust mites, i-pet dander, noma iphunga elikhulu lamakhemikhali. Sebenzisa abahlanzi bomoya uma kuwusizo, futhi uqinisekise ukuphefumula okuhle kuyo yonke indawo yakho yokuphila.

Thatha imithi yakho ngokuqondile njengoba kulotshiwe, ngisho noma uzizwa kahle. Gcina i-inhalers yokusiza ifinyeleleke kalula ekhaya, emsebenzini, nasemotweni yakho. Qapha izimpawu zakho usebenzisa i-peak flow meter uma udokotela wakho ekukhuthaza.

Zama izindlela zokulawula ukucindezeleka njengokuzivocavoca kokuphefumula okujulile noma ukucamngca, njengoba ukucindezeleka kungenza izimpawu ze-Asthma zibe zimbi. Ukuzivocavoca okuthambile okuvamile, njengoba kukhuthazwa, kungasiza ekuqondeni umsebenzi wephunga nempilo ejwayelekile.

Kufanele uzilungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho nodokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-aphoyintimenti yakho nodokotela kusiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi uthola ukuxilongwa okuchane kakhulu kanye nehlelo lokwelashwa eliphumelelayo. Letha ulwazi oluphelele ngendawo yakho yomsebenzi kanye neziphethini zezimpawu.

Ngaphambi kwe-aphoyintimenti yakho, gcina idayari yezimpawu okungenani amasonto amabili. Qaphela ukuthi izimpawu zenzeka nini, ubunzima bazo, nokuthi wawenzani noma ubekwe kulokhu emsebenzini. Faka amaviki ekupheleni kanye nezinsuku zokuphumula ukuze ubonise iphethini.

Bula ulwazi ngendawo yakho yomsebenzi, kuhlanganise nama-material safety data sheets ngamakhemikhali osebenza nawo, incazelo yomsebenzi wakho, nanoma yimiphi imibiko yokuphepha kwendawo yomsebenzi. Izithombe zendawo yakho yomsebenzi nazo zingasiza.

Lungisa uhlu lwemithi yonke oyithathayo, kuhlanganise nezinye izinto ezingaphezu kwe-counter kanye ne-supplements. Letha noma yiziphi izivivinyo zomsebenzi wephunga wangaphambili noma i-X-rays yesifuba uma unazo. Bhala phansi imibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza ukuze ungakhohlwa ngesikhathi se-aphoyintimenti.

Iyini into ebalulekile nge-Asthma yemisebenzi?

I-Asthma yemisebenzi yisimo esingavikeleka nesingelashwa esithuthuka ngenxa yokubekwa emsebenzini. Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi ukubona kwasekuqaleni nokungenelela kuholela eziphumeleni ezinhle kakhulu zempilo yakho yephunga isikhathi eside.

Uma uqaphela izinkinga zokuphefumula ezibonakala zihlangene nesheduli yakho yomsebenzi, ungazidediseli. Ukufuna ukulingwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha kungasiza ekuvimbeleni isimo sibe siphakade futhi kulondoloze ikhono lakho lokusebenza ngokuphepha.

Ngokuqonda okufanele, ukwelashwa, kanye nokushintsha kwendawo yomsebenzi, abantu abaningi abane-Asthma yemisebenzi bangase baqhubeke besebenza ngenkathi beqapha izimpawu zabo ngokuphumelelayo. Okubalulekile ukusebenza neqembu lakho lezempilo kanye nomqashi wakho ukudala indawo yomsebenzi ephephile, enempilo.

Khumbula ukuthi unamalungelo endaweni yomsebenzi ephephile, futhi kunezinto ezitholakalayo ezingakusiza ekuqondeni izinkinga zempilo yemisebenzi. Impilo yakho nokuthula kwakho kwengqondo kufanele kube yinto ebaluleke kakhulu.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwa nge-Asthma yemisebenzi

Ingase ihambe i-Asthma yemisebenzi uma ngishiya umsebenzi wami?

Izimpawu ze-Asthma yemisebenzi zivame ukuthuthuka kakhulu uma uyeka ukuvezwa entweni ecasulayo, kodwa ukubuyela ngokuphelele akusona isiqinisekiso. Abanye abantu bahlangabezana nokutholakala okuphakade kwezindlela zokuphefumula ngisho neminyaka eminingi ngemuva kokushiya indawo yomsebenzi enenkinga. Ukubona kwasekuqaleni nokubhekana nokuvezwa, amathuba akho okuphulukisa ngokuphelele. Ukungenelela kwasekuqaleni kubalulekile ekuvimbeleni ukonakala okuphakade kwephunga.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthuthukisa i-Asthma yemisebenzi?

Isikhathi sihluka kakhulu kuye ngohlobo lokuvezwa kanye nokutholakala kwakho komuntu siqu. I-Asthma yemisebenzi ecasulayo ngokuvamile ithuthuka kancane kancane ngezinyanga noma iminyaka yokuvezwa, kanti i-Asthma ecasulwa yizinto ezicasulayo ingase ibe khona ngokushesha ngemuva kokubekwa okukhulu okukodwa. Izimo eziningi zithuthuka phakathi kweminyaka embalwa yokuqala yokuvezwa entweni ecasulayo, nakuba abanye abantu basebenza amashumi eminyaka ngaphambi kokuthuthukisa izimpawu.

Ngingathola yini ukubuyiselwa kwemali ngenxa ye-Asthma yemisebenzi?

Yebo, i-Asthma yemisebenzi ngokuvamile ihlanganiswe emthethweni wokubuyiselwa kwemali njengoba kubhekwa njengesi-work-related illness. Uzodinga ubufakazi bezokwelapha obukhombisa ukuxhumana phakathi kokubekwa kwendawo yakho yomsebenzi kanye nezimpawu zakho ze-Asthma. Inqubo ingase ibe nzima, ngakho cabanga ngokuhlangana nommeli oqeqeshwe ezindabeni zempilo yemisebenzi ukuze akusize ekuqondeni isimiso futhi uqinisekise ukuthi uthola izinzuzo ezifanele.

Ukugqoka i-mask emsebenzini kuzovimbela yini i-Asthma yemisebenzi?

Ukuzivikela okufanele kokuphefumula kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho yokuthuthukisa i-Asthma yemisebenzi, kodwa akuyona into eqinisekisiwe. I-mask kufanele ibe yilohlobo olufanele lokuvezwa kwendawo yakho yomsebenzi futhi ifanele kahle ukuze isebenze. Ezinye izinto zingase zisabangele izinkinga ngisho nokuvikelwa, futhi ama-mask awaxazululi ukuxhumana kwesikhumba noma izindlela zokudla. Izilawuli zobuchwepheshe njengokuphefumula okuhle ngokuvamile ziphumelela kakhulu kunokusetshenziswa komuntu siqu kuphela.

Kufanele ngitshele yini umqashi wami ngokuxilongwa kwe-Asthma yemisebenzi?

Ngokuvamile kuwusizo ukutshela umqashi wakho ngokuxilongwa kwakho, njengoba unemfundiso yokunikeza indawo yomsebenzi ephephile futhi angase adinge ukwenza izinguquko. Le ngxoxo ingase iholele ekuthuthukiseni kwendawo yomsebenzi okungasizi wena kuphela kodwa nabanye abasebenzi. Bhala phansi ukuxhumana kwakho futhi cabanga ngokuhlanganisa iqembu lezokwelapha lomsebenzi wakho noma uhlu lwabantu. Uma ukhathazekile ngokuphepha komsebenzi, xhumana nommeli osebenza ngezindaba zomsebenzi ngamalungelo akho nokuvikelwa kwakho.