Ukuthi yini i-Oral Lichen Planus? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, & Ukwelashwa

I-Oral lichen planus iyisimo esibhebhethayo esingapheli esenza amabala amhlophe, afana ne-lace noma amaqhuzu abhlungu ngaphakathi emlonyeni wakho. Yisistimu yakho yokuzikhusela ekuhlaseleni ngephutha amangqamuzana okugqoka komlomo wakho, njengokuphendula komzimba.

Lesi simo sithinta abantu abalinganiselwa ku-1-2% emhlabeni jikelele futhi sivame kakhulu kubantu abadala abaphakathi nendawo, ikakhulukazi abesifazane. Nakuba kungase kuzwakale kukukhathaza uma uqale uqaphela izimpawu, i-oral lichen planus ilawuleka ngokunakekelwa okuqondile nokuphathwa.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-oral lichen planus?

Izimpawu zingase zihluke kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu, kusukela emabaleni amhlophe angabonakali kahle kuya kumaqhuzu abhlungu kakhulu. Ungase ube nezimpawu ezahlukene ngezikhathi ezahlukene, njengoba lesi simo singase siqale sibe sibi bese siyaphola.

Nazi izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ongaziqaphela:

• Amabala amhlophe, afana ne-lace emathangeni akho, emagxotsheni, noma olimini angasuli
• Ukuvuvukala, ukuvuvukala, noma ukunwebeka kwemagxotsheni
• Amaqhuzu abhlungu noma ama-ulcers ngaphakathi emlonyeni
• Ukuzwakala kokushisa noma ukushaya, ikakhulukazi uma udle ukudla okunoshukela noma okunomsoco
• Ukuzwela ekudleni okushisayo noma okubandayo neziphuzo
• Ukubanda okufana nentsimbi emlonyeni
• Ukomile komlomo

Abanye abantu banezindawo ezimhlophe ezingabhlungu futhi abazizwa bebuhlungu, kanti abanye bazwa ubuhlungu obukhulu obuthinta ukudla nokukhuluma. Izimpawu zivame ukuza ziye ngezikhathi, ngezikhathi zokwanda okulandelelwa yizigaba ezithulile.

Ziyini izinhlobo ze-oral lichen planus?

Odokotela bavame ukubona izinhlobo eziyisithupha eziyinhloko ze-oral lichen planus ngokusekelwe ekuqondeni nasekuzizweni kwakho emlonyeni. Ukuqonda uhlobo lwakho oluthile kusiza ukuqondisa indlela yokwelapha ephumelelayo.

Uhlobo lwe-reticular luyinto evamile futhi ngokuvamile alubhlungu. Lubonakala njengemigqa emhlophe, efana ne-lace noma amabala, ngokuvamile ngaphakathi emathangeni akho. Abantu abaningi abana lolo hlobo abaziqapheli ukuthi balinawo kuze kube yilapho udokotela wemazinyo elikhomba ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okuvamile.

Uhlobo lwe-erosive luvamise ukuba luhlungu kakhulu. Lenza izindawo ezibomvu ezibuhlungu namaqhuzu avulekile angenza ukudla, ukuphuza, ngisho nokukhuluma kube inselele. Lolo hlobo ngokuvamile luthinta amagxotsheni akho futhi lungabenza bahlukane namazinyo akho.

Uhlobo lwe-papular lubonakala njengezicucu ezincane, ezimhlophe, kanti uhlobo lwe-plaque lenza amabala amhlophe amakhulu angase afane ne-thrush. Uhlobo lwe-atrophic lubangela izindawo ezibomvu, eziqondile, kanti uhlobo lwe-bullous lenza ama-blisters agcwele uketshezi, nakuba lolo hlobo lokugcina lubaluleke kakhulu.

Yini ebangela i-oral lichen planus?

Imbangela eqondile ayiqondakali ngokuphelele, kodwa abacwaningi bakholelwa ukuthi iyisimo sokuzimela komzimba lapho isistimu yakho yokuzikhusela ihlasela ingqamuzana yomlomo ophilile ngephutha. Cabanga ngakho njengesistimu yakho yokuzikhusela ephazamisekile ngalokho okufanele kube khona nalokho okungafanele kube khona.

Izici eziningi zingase ziqalise noma zenzise i-oral lichen planus:

• Imithi ethile, ikakhulukazi leyo yokucindezeleka kwegazi, isifo samathambo, noma izimo zenhliziyo
• Izinto zokwelapha amazinyo njengezinto zethusi, ama-crowns, noma ama-dentures
• Ukutheleleka, kufaka phakathi i-hepatitis C virus
• Ukuqina nokukhathazeka
• Ukufana kwemfuyo
• Ukushintsha kwamahomoni, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane
• Izifo zokuzimela komzimba njenge-lupus noma isifo sikashukela

Kwezinye izimo, lokho okuvela njenge-oral lichen planus kungase kube impendulo emithini noma izinto zokwelapha amazinyo. Lokhu kubizwa ngokuthi i-lichenoid reaction, futhi ngokuvamile iphucuka uma imbangela isuswa.

Ngokungavamile, ukutheleleka okungapheli noma ukukhombisa izinto ezithile ezikhemikhali kungase futhi kuqalise izimpawu ezifanayo. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthola ukuthi une-oral lichen planus yeqiniso noma i-lichenoid reaction ngokuhlola okucophelelayo futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngokuhlola.

Nini okufanele ubona udokotela nge-oral lichen planus?

Kufanele ubona udokotela noma udokotela wemazinyo uma uqaphela amabala amhlophe ahlala njalo, amaqhuzu, noma ubuhlungu emlonyeni wakho obuhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kwamasonto amabili. Ukuhlolwa kwasekuqaleni kusiza ukukhipha ezinye izimo futhi kukuqalise ekwelapheni okufanele.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nobuhlungu obukhulu obuphazamisa ukudla noma ukuphuza, ukuphuma kwegazi emaqhuzweni emlomo, noma uma amabala ashintsha ukubonakala kakhulu. Lokhu kungase kubonise ukuqala okudingayo ukunakekelwa ngokushesha.

Kubalulekile futhi ukubona udokotela wakho uma kunzima ukugwinya, uqaphela ama-lumps emlonyeni wakho, noma uma isimo sithinta ikhono lakho lokugcina ukudla okuhle. Ukulandelela njalo kubalulekile ngoba i-oral lichen planus idinga ukuphathwa okuqhubekayo.

Ziyini izici ezingase zikhulise ingozi ye-oral lichen planus?

Izici eziningi zingase zikhulise amathuba akho okukhula kwe-oral lichen planus, nakuba ukuba nalezi zici ezingase zikhulise ingozi akusho ukuthi uzokhula lesi simo. Ukuziqonda kungakusiza uhlale uxwayile ngezimpawu.

Ubudala nobulili kudlala indima ebalulekile, ngesimo esivame kakhulu kubantu abaphakathi kweminyaka engama-30 kuya kwengu-70. Abesifazane banethuba elingaphezulu kabili lokukhula kwe-oral lichen planus kunamadoda, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi nangemva kokuphela kwesikhathi.

Umbukiso womndeni wakho ubalulekile futhi. Uma izihlobo eziseduze zinezimo zokuzimela komzimba noma i-oral lichen planus, ungase ube nengozi enkulu. Abantu abanezifo zokuzimela komzimba njenge-rheumatoid arthritis, i-lupus, noma izifo ze-thyroid nabo babhekene nengozi enkulu.

Isitayela sokuphila nezici zemvelo zihlanganisa ukucindezeleka okungapheli, okungase kuqalise ukuphawula komzimba, nokukhombisa izinto ezithile ezikhemikhali. Ukuba ne-hepatitis C infection kukhulise kakhulu ingozi yakho, njengokuthatha imithi ethile isikhathi eside.

Izici zamagciwane njengokungcola okubi komlomo, izinto zokwelapha amazinyo ezingafanele kahle, noma ukuphawula izinto zokwelapha amazinyo kungase futhi kuhlanganyele engcupheni. Ngokungavamile, ukwahluka kwe-genetic okuthinta umsebenzi wesimiso sokuzimela komzimba kungase kubeka abanye abantu engcupheni yokukhula lesi simo.

Ziyini izinhlanganisela ezingase zenzeke nge-oral lichen planus?

Nakuba abantu abaningi abane-oral lichen planus baphathwa kahle ngokwelashwa, kubalulekile ukuqonda izinhlanganisela ezingase zenzeke ukuze ukwazi ukubuka izimpawu zokuqaphela futhi ufunani ukunakekelwa okufanele uma kudingeka.

Izinhlanganisela ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa ubuhlungu obungapheli obuthinta ikhwalithi yakho yokuphila, okwenza kube nzima ukudla, ukukhuluma, noma ukulala ngokunethezeka. Isimo esibi kakhulu singase siholele ezinkingeni zokudla uma ubuhlungu buvimbela ukudla ukudla okulinganiselayo.

Ukutheleleka okwesibili kungase kuqale emaqhuzweni avulekile, ikakhulukazi ukutheleleka kwe-fungal njenge-thrush. Ukulinganisela kwemvelo yamagciwane emlonyeni wakho kungase futhi kuphazamiseke, okuholela ekwanda kokubola kwamazinyo noma isifo sama-gum uma ukuhlanzeka komlomo kuya kunzima ngenxa yobuhlungu.

Izinhlanganisela ezinkulu kodwa ezingavamile zihlanganisa ukusoka okukhulu okungase kuthinte umsebenzi womlomo, futhi kwisigamu esincane sabantu, uhlobo lwe-erosive lungase likhulise ingozi yomdlavuza womlomo eminyakeni eminingi. Kungakho ukulandelela njalo nodokotela wakho kubaluleke kakhulu.

Ngokungavamile, isimo singase sibangele ukushintsha okungapheli esakhiweni somlomo wakho, njengokulinganiselwa kokunyakaza kolwimi noma ukunzima ukuvula umlomo wakho ngokuphelele. Abanye abantu nabo bazwa imiphumela yezengqondo evela ebuhlungwini obungapheli nakweshintsho lokubonakala.

I-oral lichen planus ihlonishwa kanjani?

Ukuhlonishwa kwe-oral lichen planus ngokuvamile kuqala ngokuhlolwa okuphelele komlomo wakho nokuxoxisana okuningiliziwe ngezimpawu zakho nembali yakho yezokwelapha. Udokotela wakho noma udokotela wemazinyo uzobona izindlela ezichazwe kahle futhi abuze ngesikhathi izimpawu zaqala.

I-biopsy ngokuvamile idingeka ukuqinisekisa ukuhlonishwa nokukhipha ezinye izimo njengomdlavuza womlomo. Ngalesi senzo esilula, isampula encane yengqamuzana ithathwa endaweni ethintekile futhi ihlolwe ngaphansi komkhiqizo. Ingqamuzana ibonisa izindlela ezithile ezisiza ukwahlukanisa i-oral lichen planus kwezinye izimo.

Udokotela wakho wezokwelapha angase futhi a-ode ama-blood tests ukuhlola izimo eziyinhloko njenge-hepatitis C noma izifo zokuzimela komzimba. Bazohlola imithi yakho futhi babuze ngomsebenzi wakamuva wemazinyo ukuthola izimbangela ezingase zibe khona.

Ngezinye izikhathi, ukuhlolwa kwe-patch kwenziwa ukuthola ukuthi unokuzwela izinto zokwelapha amazinyo. Ukuthwebula izithombe kungase kusetshenziswe ukuqopha ukubonakala nokulandelela ukushintsha ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Lonke inqubo yokuhlola ngokuvamile ithatha amasonto ambalwa ukuqedela yonke imisebenzi yokuhlola edingekayo.

Yini ukwelashwa kwe-oral lichen planus?

Ukwelashwa kugxile ekuphatheni izimpawu nokunciphisa ukuqala ngoba ayikho indlela yokwelapha i-oral lichen planus. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi abantu abaningi bathola ukukhululeka okukhulu ngokwelashwa okufanele nokwenza izinguquko ekuphileni kwabo.

I-Topical corticosteroids ngokuvamile iyindlela yokuqala yokwelapha. Lezi zigele ezi-prescription, ama-ointments, noma ama-rinses zisiza ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu. Udokotela wakho angase anikeze imithi enamandla kakhulu ezimweni ezinkulu noma uma ukwelashwa kwe-topical akusebenzi kahle.

Kwezinye izimo ezinkulu, izinketho zokwelapha zihlanganisa:

• Imithi yokunciphisa ukusebenza kwesistimu yokuzikhusela njenge-tacrolimus noma i-cyclosporine
• I-Oral corticosteroids yokusetshenziswa okufushane ngesikhathi sokuqala
• I-Retinoids ukusiza ukulawula ukukhula kweselula
• Imithi yokulwa ne-fungal uma ukutheleleka okwesibili kuqala
• Imithi yokulawula ubuhlungu ngenxa yobuhlungu obukhulu

Ngokungavamile, i-photodynamic therapy noma ukwelashwa kwe-laser kungase kubhekwe ezimweni ezinzima. Abanye abantu bazuza ngokususa izimbangela ezingase zibe khona njengezinto ezithile zokwelapha amazinyo noma imithi, nakuba lokhu kufanele kwenziwe njalo ngaphansi kokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.

Uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha cishe luzodinga ukulungiswa ngokuhamba kwesikhathi njengoba isimo sakho sishintsha. Ukuvakasha okuqhubekayo kokulandelela kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukwelashwa kwakho kuhlala kuphelele futhi kuphephile.

Indlela yokuphatha i-oral lichen planus ekhaya?

Ukukhathalela ekhaya kudlala indima ebalulekile ekuphatheni izimpawu ze-oral lichen planus nokunciphisa ukuqala. Imikhuba yansuku zonke elula ingenza umehluko omkhulu ekududuzeni nasempilweni yakho yomlomo.

Ukuhlanzeka komlomo olude kakhulu kubalulekile. Sebenzisa ibrashi yezinwele ezithambile ne-toothpaste emnene, engenayo i-SLS ukuze ugweme ukuvuvukala kwezinye izicubu. Geza ngamanzi ashisayo ane-salt izikhathi eziningi ngosuku ukuthuthukisa ukuphulukisa nokunciphisa ama-bacteria.

Ukushintsha kokudla kungasiza ukunciphisa ubuhlungu:

• Gwema ukudla okunoshukela, okunomsoco, noma okunembobo ngesikhathi sokuqala
• Khetha ukudla okulula, okubandayo njenge-yogurt, ama-smoothies, nemifino ebilisiwe
• Hlala unamanzi amaningi
• Limita utshwala ne-tobacco, okungase kunzise izimpawu
• Cabanga ukuthatha i-vitamin B12 ne-zinc supplements uma kunesidingo

Amathuluzi okulawula ukucindezeleka njengokucamngca, ukuzivocavoca okulula, noma ukwelashwa kungasiza ukunciphisa ukuqala ngoba ukucindezeleka ngokuvamile kuqalise izimpawu. Ukuthola ukulala okwanele nokugcina isitayela sempilo esinempilo futhi kusiza isistimu yakho yokuzikhusela.

Gcina umlomo wakho unamanzi nge-sugar-free gum noma izinto ezihlala zimanzi uma uhlangabezana nomlomo owomile. Abanye abantu bathola ukukhululeka ngezinto zokwelapha zemvelo njenge-aloe vera gel, nakuba kufanele uxoxe ngalezi zinto nodokotela wakho wezokwelapha kuqala.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-appointment yakho nodokotela?

Ukulungiselela kahle i-appointment yakho kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukuhlonishwa okuqondile nehlelo lokwelapha eliphumelelayo. Ukuthatha isikhathi ngaphambi kokuhlela imicabango yakho nolwazi kungenza ukuvakasha kube nomphumela omkhulu.

Bhala zonke izimpawu zakho, kufaka phakathi ukuthi zaqala nini, yini eyenza zibe ngcono noma zibe zimbi, nokuthi zikuthinta kanjani impilo yakho yansuku zonke. Thatha izithombe zezindawo ezithintekile uma kungenzeka, njengoba izimpawu zingashintsha phakathi kwama-appointment.

Letha uhlu oluphelele lwemithi yakho, kufaka phakathi imithi yokuthengwa ngaphandle komthetho nama-supplements. Lungiselela futhi ulwazi ngomsebenzi wakamuva wemazinyo, ukushintsha kwempilo yakho, nanoma yimiphi imibiko yomndeni wezimo zokuzimela komzimba.

Lungiselela imibuzo yokubuza udokotela wakho, njengohlobo lwe-oral lichen planus onalo, izinketho zokwelapha ezitholakalayo, nendlela yokuphatha izimpawu ekhaya. Unganqikazi ukubuza ngokubuka kwesikhathi eside nokuthi nini kufanele ufunani ukunakekelwa okusheshayo.

Yini into ebalulekile nge-oral lichen planus?

I-Oral lichen planus iyisimo esingapheli esilawuleka esithinta ukugqoka komlomo wakho ngenqubo yokuzimela komzimba. Nakuba ayikho indlela yokwelapha, abantu abaningi bathola ukukhululeka okukhulu ngokwelashwa okufanele nokwenza izinguquko ekuphileni kwabo.

Ukuphumelela kokuphathwa kubalulekile ukusebenzisana eduze nodokotela wakho wezokwelapha ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lokwelapha oluqondene nomuntu. Ukulandelela njalo kusiza ukubamba noma yikuphi ukushintsha kwasekuqaleni futhi kuqinisekisa ukuthi ukwelashwa kwakho kuhlala kuphelele ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Khumbula ukuthi izimpawu zivame ukuza ziye ngezikhathi, ngakho ungadangali uma uhlangabezana nokuqala. Ngokubekezela nokunakekelwa okuqhubekayo, abantu abaningi abane-oral lichen planus baphila impilo enethezeka, evamile ngenkathi beqondisa isimo sabo ngokuphumelelayo.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa nge-oral lichen planus

Q1: Ingabe i-oral lichen planus iyadluliseka?

Cha, i-oral lichen planus ayidluliseki nhlobo. Yisimo sokuzimela komzimba, okusho ukuthi isistimu yakho yokuzikhusela yona ebangela izimpawu. Awukwazi ukuyithola komunye umuntu noma uyidlulisele kwabanye ngokusuthisana, ukwabelana ngezitsha, noma noma yiluphi olunye uxhumano.

Q2: Ingabe i-oral lichen planus izophela yodwa?

I-Oral lichen planus ngokuvamile iyisimo esingapheli esingapheli ngokuphelele yodwa. Noma kunjalo, izimpawu zivame ukuza ziye ngezikhathi, ngezikhathi zokwanda okulandelelwa yizigaba ezithulile. Abanye abantu bazwa isikhathi eside ngezimpawu ezincane, kanti abanye badinga ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo ukuze bahlale bekhululekile.

Q3: Ingabe i-oral lichen planus ingaguquka ibe yimdlavuza?

Ingozi incane kakhulu, kodwa uhlobo lwe-erosive lwe-oral lichen planus lungase likhulise kancane ingozi yakho yokukhula komdlavuza womlomo eminyakeni eminingi. Kungakho ukubheka njalo nodokotela wakho wezokwelapha kubalulekile. Bangalandelela noma yikuphi ukushintsha futhi babambe izinkinga ezingase zenzeke kwasekuqaleni lapho zilawuleka kakhulu.

Q4: Yikuphi ukudla engingakugwema nge-oral lichen planus?

Ngesikhathi sokuqala, kungcono ukugwema ukudla okunoshukela, izithelo ze-citrus, amatamatisi, i-chocolate, nokudla okunembobo noma okubukhali okungase kuvuvukale umlomo wakho. Uthshwala nokudla okushisayo kakhulu kungase futhi kunzise izimpawu. Gxila ekudleni okulula, okungcolile njenge-yogurt, amaphethini, nama-smoothies kuze kube yilapho izimpawu ziphucuka.

Q5: Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukwelashwa ukusebenza?

Abantu abaningi baqaphela ukuthuthuka okuthile phakathi kwamasonto angu-2-4 ngokuqala ukwelashwa, nakuba kungase kuthathe isikhathi eside ukubona izinzuzo eziphelele. Imithi ye-Topical ngokuvamile inikeza ukukhululeka ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngenxa yobuhlungu, kanti kungase kuthathe amasonto ambalwa ukubona ukunciphisa amabala amhlophe noma amaqhuzu. Udokotela wakho uzolungisa uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha ngokusekelwe endleleni ophendula ngayo.