Osteomyelitis

Ukuvuvukala kwamathambo yisifo esithinta ithambo. Singathinta ingxenye eyodwa noma ngaphezulu kwamathambo. Ukutheleleka kungafinyelela emathanbeni ngegazi noma zivela ezihlangeni ezithintekile ezikude. Ukutheleleka kungaqala futhi emathanbeni uma ukulimala kuvulela amagciwane ithambo.

Abantu ababhema nabantu abanezinhlungu ezingapheli, njengokushayeka kweswekile noma ukuhluleka kwempilo yokukhipha amanzi, baphethwe kakhulu yi-osteomyelitis. Abantu abanesifo sikashukela abanamanxeba ezinyaweni bangathola i-osteomyelitis emathanbeni ezinyaweni zabo.

Abantu abaningi abane-osteomyelitis badinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze basuse izindawo zethambo elizithintekile. Ngemva kokuhlinzwa, abantu bavame ukudinga ama-antibiotic aqinile anikezwa ngomqondo.

Izimpawu ze-osteomyelitis zingafaka: Ukukhuluphala, ukufudumeza nobuhlungu phezu kwendawo yokutheleleka. Ubuhlungu eduze kokutheleleka. Ukukhathala. Ukuvuvukala. Ngezinye izikhathi i-osteomyelitis ayibangeli zimpawu. Uma ibingela izimpawu, zingafana nezimpawu zezinye izimo. Lokhu kungase kube yiqiniso ikakhulu kubantwana, abadala abakhulu nabantu abanezimpande zomzimba ezibuthakathaka. Bheka ochwepheshe bakho bezempilo uma une-fever nobuhlungu lwamathambo obukhulu. Abantu abasezingozini zokutheleleka ngenxa yesimo sezempilo noma ukuhlinzwa kwamuva noma ukulimala kufanele babone ochwepheshe bezempilo ngokushesha uma benesimpawu sokutheleleka.

Bona udokotela wakho uma une-fever nobuhlungu lwamathambo obukhula. Abantu abasezingeni elikhulu lokutheleleka ngenxa yesimo sezempilo noma ukuhlinzwa kwamuva noma ukulimala kufanele babone udokotela ngokushesha uma benesimptome sokutheleleka.

Ngokuvamile, i-osteomyelitis ibangelwa yibhaktheriya yestaphylococcus. Lezi bhaktheriya yizimbungulu eziphila ebusweni noma ekhaleni labantu bonke.

Izimbungulu zingangena ngaphansi kwamathambo nge:

• Umgogodla wegazi. Izimbungulu ezingxenyeni zomzimba wakho zingaya ngegazi ziye endaweni ebuthakathaka yethambo. Ngokwesibonelo, izimbungulu zingatholakala ephusheni emaphashini noma ekuthelelekeni komchamo esibindini.
• Ukulimala. Izilonda zokuthunga zingathwala izimbungulu ezingaphakathi emzimbeni. Uma ukulimala okunjalo kutheleleka, izimbungulu zingasakazeka ziye ethambeni elisedlule. Izimbungulu zingangena emzimbeni nasethambeni eliqhekekile elikhishwa ngaphandle kwesikhumba.
• Ukuhlinzwa. Izimbungulu zingangena emzimbeni ziye emathanbeni ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa kokufaka amajoyinti noma ukulungisa amathambo aneqhekekile.

Amathambo aphilile ayamelene nokutheleleka. Kodwa amathambo awakwazi ukulwa nokutheleleka njengoba ugoduka. Ngaphandle kwezilingo nokuhlinzwa, ezinye izinto ezingandisa ingozi yakho yokutheleleka kwe-osteomyelitis zingabandakanya: Izimo ezibuthaka isimiso somzimba. Lokhu kubandakanya ushukela olungalawulwa kahle. I-Peripheral artery disease. Lokhu yisimo lapho i-arteries ecinyiwe isiqeda ukugeleza kwegazi ezingalweni noma emilenzeni. I-Sickle cell disease. Lesi simo sidluliselwa emindenini, okuthiwa lifa. I-Sickle cell disease ithonya ukuma kwama-red blood cells futhi iyancipha ukugeleza kwegazi. Ukuhlanzwa nezinye izinqubo ezisebenzisa i-tubing yezokwelapha. Ukuhlanzwa kusebenzisa amapayipi ukususa udoti emzimbeni uma izinso zingasebenzi kahle. Amapayipi ezokwelapha angathwala amagciwane angaphandle komzimba ngaphakathi. Ukulimala kokucindezela. Abantu abangakwazi ukuzwa ukucindezela noma abahlala endaweni eyodwa isikhathi eside bangathola amaqhuzu olukhuni olubizwa ngokuthi ukulimala kokucindezela. Uma i-sore ikhona isikhathi esithile, ithambo elingaphansi kwalo lingatheleleka. Izidakamizwa ezingamthetho ngezindlela. Abantu abasebenzisa izidakamizwa ezingamthetho ngezindlela banesigameko esikhulu sokutheleleka kwe-osteomyelitis. Lokhu kuyiqiniso uma besebenzisa izindlela ezingcolile futhi uma bengagezi isikhumba ngaphambi kokusebenzisa izindlela.

Izinkinga ze-Osteomyelitis zingabandakanya:

• Ukufa kwamathambo, okubizwa nangokuthi i-osteonecrosis. Ukutheleleka ngaphakathi kwamathambo akho kungavinjelwa ukusebenza kwegazi ngaphakathi komthambo, okuholela ekufeni kwamathambo. Uma unezindawo lapho amathambo efile khona, udinga ukuhlinzwa ukuze ususe insimbi efile ukuze ama-antibiotics asebenze.
• I-septic arthritis. Ukutheleleka ngaphakathi kwamathambo kungasabalala kwenye inxeba eliseduze.
• Ukukhula okungathuthuki. I-Osteomyelitis ingathinta ukukhula kwamathambo kubantwana. Lokhu kuyiqiniso uma i-osteomyelitis isesigabeni esithambile, esibizwa ngokuthi ama-growth plates, kuphela kokuphela kwamathambo amade ezandleni nasemiileni.
• I-osteomyelitis yesikhathi eside, ebizwa ngokuthi i-chronic osteomyelitis. I-Osteomyelitis engaphenduli ekwelapheni ingaba yi-chronic osteomyelitis.

Uma unezingozi ezikhulayo zokutheleleka, xoxa nochwepheshe wakho wezempilo ngezindlela zokuvimbela ukutheleleka. Ukuncishiswa kwengozi yokutheleleka kuzoncishisa ingozi yakho ye-osteomyelitis. Qaphela ukuba ungazitholi izikhumba, izikrathi, kanye nokulimala kwesilwane noma ukuklabalasa. Lokhu kunika amagciwane indlela yokungena emzimbeni wakho. Uma wena noma ingane yakho inokulimala okuncane, hlanza indawo ngokushesha. Faka ibhande elihlanzekile kuyo. Hlola izilonda njalo ukuze ubone izimpawu zokutheleleka.

Uchwepheshe wakho wezempilo angase azwe indawo ezungezile ithambe elithintekile ukuze abone ukuthi kunobunzima, ukuvuvukala noma ukushisa. Uma uneqhubu elinyawo, uchwepheshe wakho wezempilo angase asebenzise iprobe ebuthakathaka ukuze abone ukuthi ihlwempu liseduze kangakanani ngethambo elingezansi kwalo.

Ungase futhi ube nezivivinyo zokuxilonga i-osteomyelitis nokuthola ukuthi iyiphi i-germ ebangela ukutheleleka. Izivivinyo zingafaka izivivinyo zegazi, izivivinyo zobumfanekiso kanye ne-biopsy yethambo.

Izivivinyo zegazi zingabonisa amazinga aphezulu amaseli amhlophe egazi namanye amamaki egazini angase asho ukuthi umzimba wakho ulwa nokutheleleka. Izivivinyo zegazi zingabonisa futhi ukuthi yiziphi izinambuzane ezazibangela ukutheleleka.

Ayikho i-blood test engasho ukuthi une-osteomyelitis. Kodwa-ke izivivinyo zegazi zingasiza uchwepheshe wakho wezempilo anqume ukuthi yiziphi ezinye izivivinyo nezinqubo ongazenza.

• Izithombe ze-X-ray. Izithombe ze-X-ray zingabonisa ukulimala kwethambo. Kodwa-ke ukulimala kungase kungabonakali ezithombeni ze-X-ray kuze kube yilapho i-osteomyelitis isikhathi eside. Ungase udinga izivivinyo zobumfanekiso ezinemininingwane eminingi uma ukutheleleka kwakho kusanda.
• I-MRI scan. Usebenzisa amaza omsakazo kanye nendlela eqinile yamagnethi, i-MRI scans ingenza izithombe ezinemininingwane yamathambo namalungu omzimba asele awo.
• I-CT scan. Le scan ihlanganisa izithombe ze-X-ray ezithathwe ngezindlela eziningi ezahlukene ukuze inikeze imibono yemizimba yangaphakathi yomzimba. Ungase ube ne-CT scan uma ungakwazi ukuba ne-MRI.
• I-Bone scan. Le nqubo yokuhlola umfanekiso we-nuclear isebenzisa inani elincane lezinto ezisebenzisa i-radioactive, ebizwa ngokuthi yi-radioactive tracers, ikhamera ekhethekile engathola i-radioactivity kanye nekhompyutha. Amashelu namalungu omzimba athintekile athatha i-tracer ukuze ukutheleleka kubonakale ku-scan.

A biopsy yethambo ingabonisa ukuthi iyiphi uhlobo lwe-germ oluthintekile ithambo lakho. Ukubona uhlobo lwe-germ kusiza uchwepheshe wakho wezempilo akhethe i-antibiotic esebenza kahle ngohlobo lokutheleleka olulokhu unalo.

Nge-biopsy evulekile, ulele ngemithi ebizwa ngokuthi yi-anesthetic ejwayelekile. Khona-ke uba nokuhlinzwa ukuze ufinyelele ethambo ukuze uthathe isampula.

Nge-needle biopsy, udokotela ohlinzayo ubeka inhlanzi ende ngesikhumba sakho nangaphakathi kwethambo lakho ukuze uthathe isampula. Le nqubo isebenzisa imithi yokunciphisa indawo lapho inhlanzi ifakwe khona. Imithi ibizwa ngokuthi yi-anesthetic yendawo. Udokotela ohlinzayo angase asebenzise i-X-ray noma enye i-scan yomfanekiso ukuqondisa inhlanzi.