Ukuthi yini iParaganglioma? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, & Ukwelashwa

I-Paraganglioma iyisigxobo esingavamile esikhula ezicellulweni zezinzwa ezikhethekile ebizwa ngokuthi yi-paraganglia. Lezi zigxobo zingakhula ezingxenyeni ezahlukene zomzimba wakho, ikakhulu kakhulu ekhanda, entanyeni, esifubeni, noma esiswini.

Nakuba igama elithi "isigxobo" lingase lizwakale liyesabekayo, i-paragangliomas ngokuvamile iyinhle, okusho ukuthi ayisabalali kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho njengoba kwenza umdlavuza. Noma kunjalo, isengabangela izimpawu ezinkulu ngoba ngokuvamile ikhiqiza ama-hormone amaningi athinta indlela umzimba wakho osebenza ngayo.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-paraganglioma?

Izimpawu ozibonayo ziyahluka kakhulu kuye ngokuthi isigxobo sikhona kuphi nokuthi sikhiqiza ama-hormone amaningi yini. Abantu abaningi abane-paragangliomas baphawula izimpawu eziya futhi ziye, okwenza kube nzima ukuxilonga lesi simo ekuqaleni.

Uma i-paraganglioma yakho ikhiqiza ama-hormone amaningi (ebizwa ngokuthi isigxobo esisebenza), ungase ube nezimo ezibukeka njengokukhathazeka okukhulu noma ukuhlaselwa kokukhathazeka. Lezi zimo zingase zibe nzima kakhulu, kodwa ukuqonda ukuthi kwenzekani kungakusiza uzizwe ulawula kakhulu.

Izimpawu ezivamile phakathi nalezi zimo zihlanganisa:

• Ubuhlungu obungakaze buvele, obukhulu ekhanda obuhlukile ebuhlungwini bakho oluvamile
• Ukushona kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma okukhulu ongakuzwa esifubeni sakho
• Ukubila okukhulu, ngisho noma ungashisi noma usebenzi
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu olungase lukhuphuke ngokuzumayo
• Ukuzizwa ukhathazekile, ukukhathazeka, noma ukuzizwa sengathi kukhona okuzayo okubi
• Ukuthuthumela noma ukuzamazama kwezandla
• Ukuphefumula noma ukugabha phakathi kwezimo

Lezi zimpawu ngokuvamile zenzeka ezimweni ezingathatha noma yikuphi kusukela emaminithini ambalwa kuya emahoreni amaningana. Phakathi kwezimo, ungase uzizwe uphelele, kungakho abanye abantu bangafihli ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Uma i-paraganglioma yakho itholakala ekhanda lakho noma entanyeni, ungase uqaphele izimpawu ezahlukene. Lezi zingafaka ukuzwa umsindo ophambukayo endlebeni yakho ohambisana nokubetha kwenhliziyo yakho, ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa, noma ibhuluko elibonakalayo entanyeni yakho olingabonwa noma lizwakale nguwe noma abanye.

Imiphi imikhakha ye-paraganglioma?

I-Paragangliomas ihlelwa ngokusekelwe lapho ithuthukela khona emzimbeni wakho. Ukuqonda izinhlobo ezahlukene kungakusiza uqonde kangcono isimo sakho esithile nokuthi yini okulindelekile.

I-Paragangliomas yekhanda nentanyeni yilona uhlobo oluvamile ozohlangana nalo. Lezi zithuthukela esicutshwini sezinzwa esisekhanda lakho, entanyeni, noma eduze kwelindlebe lakho. Izindawo ezivame kakhulu zifaka indawo ngemuva kwesikhumba sakho sendlebe (okubizwa ngokuthi i-tympanic paraganglioma) noma ezinhlanganweni ezinkulu zegazi entanyeni yakho (izigwegwe zomzimba we-carotid).

I-Paragangliomas ye-thoracic ikhula endaweni yesifuba sakho, ngokuvamile eduze kwenhliziyo yakho noma ezinhlanganweni ezinkulu zegazi. Lezi azivamile kodwa ngezinye izikhathi zingabangela ubuhlungu besifuba noma ubunzima bokuthanda uma zikhula ngokwanele ukucindezela izakhiwo eziseduze.

I-Paragangliomas yomlomo ikhula endaweni yesisu sakho futhi ihlobene eduze ne-pheochromocytomas, ekhula ngokukhethekile ezindlalweni zakho ze-adrenal. Lezi zinhlobo zinezela kakhulu ukukhiqiza ama-hormone angaphezulu futhi zibangele izimpawu zesikhathi esithile esixoxe ngazo ngaphambili.

Kukhona futhi uhlobo oluyimfihlo oluthiwa yi-paraganglioma e-malignant, emele cishe i-10-15% yazo zonke izimo. Nakuba lokhu kuzwakala kukhulu, ngisho ne-paragangliomas e-malignant ivame ukukhula kancane futhi iphendule kahle ekwelapheni uma itholakala ngokushesha.

Yini ebangela i-paraganglioma?

Imbangela eqondile ye-paraganglioma ayicaci ngaso sonke isikhathi, kodwa abacwaningi baye baqaphela izici eziningana ezingandisa amathuba akho okukhula kuleli simo. Ukuqonda lezi zimbangela kungakusiza ubeke ukuxilongwa kwakho.

Izimbangela ezivela ku-gene zidlalela indima ebalulekile ezimweni eziningi. Cishe amaphesenti angu-30-40 e-paragangliomas avela ezizukulwaneni, okusho ukuthi adluliselwa emindenini ngezinguquko ezithile ze-gene. Uma unemlando womndeni we-paragangliomas noma izimo ezihlobene njenge-pheochromocytomas, ingozi yakho iphakeme.

Izinhlobo ezithile ze-gene ziye zahlanganiswa nokuthuthukiswa kwe-paraganglioma. Lokhu kufaka phakathi iinguquko ezinhlotsheni ze-gene ebizwa nge-SDHB, SDHC, SDHD, nezinye ezinamagama anzima adokotela wakho angachaza ngokuningiliziwe. Ukuba nokuhlanekezela kwalezi zinhlobo ze-gene akukuxhumanisi ne-paraganglioma, kodwa kukwandisa ingozi yakho.

Izimbangela ezingaphandle zingadlala indima, yize ubufakazi bungacaci. Amanye ucwaningo ephakamisa ukuthi ukuhlala emazingeni aphezulu isikhathi eside kungase kukhulise ingozi kancane, mhlawumbe ngenxa yezinga eliphansi lokuxhaphaza elithinta amangqamuzana e-paraganglia.

Ubudala bungaba yimbangela futhi. Nakuba i-paragangliomas ingase ibonakale kunoma yiliphi iminyaka, ivame ukuxilongwa kubantu abaneminyaka engama-30 kuya kwengu-50. Kodwa-ke, izinhlobo ezivela ezizukulwaneni zivame ukuvela ngokushesha, ngezinye izikhathi kubantu abasebasha noma abasha.

Nini kufanele ubheke udokotela nge-paraganglioma?

Kufanele ufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha uma uhlushwa yizigameko ezivamile zezinkinga ezinjengokuhlunguluka kwekhanda okukhulu, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, nokukhishwa okukhulu kokushisa, ikakhulukazi uma lezi zigameko zifika ngokuzumayo futhi zizizwa zihlukile kunanoma yini okade uyibona ngaphambili.

Gcina amehlo akho ezimisweni zezinkinga zakho. Uma uqaphela ukuthi imisebenzi ethile, izikhundla, noma izinto ezikucindezelayo zibonakala zibangela izigameko, lolu lwazi luzoba lubalulekile kudoctor wakho. Gcina irekhodi elilula lokuthi izinkinga zivele nini nokuthi wawenzani ngaleso sikhathi.

Ungalindi ukuya kudokotela uma uhlushwa yi-high blood pressure ephakeme kakhulu ngesikhathi sezigameko, ikakhulu uma ihambisana nobuhlungu esifubeni, ukuqina kokuphefumula, noma ukushintsha kokubona. Lokhu kungabonisa ukuthi i-paraganglioma yakho ibangela ukuphakama okungozi kwe-blood pressure okudinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha.

Uma unomlando womndeni we-paragangliomas, pheochromocytomas, noma izimo ze-genetic ezihlobene, kufanele uxoxe ngezinketho zokuhlola nodokotela wakho ngisho noma ungenakho izimpawu okwamanje. Ukutholakala kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kwenza ukwelashwa kube lula kakhulu.

Nge-paragangliomas yekhanda nemuhlo, bheka udokotela wakho uma uqaphela ukushintsha okuqhubekayo kokuzwa, umsindo ophefumula endlebeni yakho, noma i-lump ekhula endaweni yomhlango.

Ziyini izimbangela zengozi ze-paraganglioma?

Izinto eziningi zingandisa amathuba akho okukhula kwe-paraganglioma, nakuba ukuba nezimbangela zengozi akusho ukuthi uzokhula ngokuqinisekile leli simo. Ukuqonda lezi zinto zingakusiza wena nodokotela wakho ukuba nizenze izinqumo ezisekelwe olwazini mayelana nokulandelela nokunakekelwa.

Umlando womndeni yimbangela enkulu yengozi. Uma unezihlobo eziye zaba ne-paragangliomas, pheochromocytomas, noma izinhlobo ze-genetic ezihlobene, ingozi yakho iphakeme kakhulu. Lokhu kubopha komndeni kungesizathu sokuthi ukwelulekwa kwe-genetic kuvame ukunconywa emindenini ethintekile yilezi zimo.

Izinhlobo ezithile ze-genetic zanda ingozi kakhulu. Lokhu kuhlanganisa isifo se-von Hippel-Lindau, i-neurofibromatosis uhlobo 1, nezinye izinhlobo ze-paraganglioma eziwumndeni. Uma utholakala unayo noma iyiphi yalezi zimo, ukuhlolwa okuvamile kwe-paragangliomas kuvame ukunconywa.

Ubudala nobulili kudlala indima encane engcupheni. Nakuba ama-paraganglioma angase avele kunoma iyiphi iminyaka, avame kakhulu kubantu abadala abasemphakathini. Amanye ama-study abonisa ukuthi kunezinga eliphezulu kancane kwabesifazane, ikakhulukazi ngama-paraganglioma ekhanda nasehlombe, nakuba umehluko ungakaqali.

Izici zezwe zingase zibe nethonya elincane. Amanye ucwaningo abonisa ukuthi abantu abahlala emazingeni aphezulu isikhathi eside bangase babe nenkinga enkulu kancane, nakuba lobu buxhumano bungabonakali ngokuqinisekile futhi akufanele bubange ukukhathazeka okungadingekile.

Ziyini izinhlanganisela ezingase zenzeke ze-paraganglioma?

Nakuba ama-paraganglioma amaningi aphatheka kahle ngokwelashwa okulungile, kubalulekile ukuqonda izinhlanganisela ezingase zenzeke ukuze ukwazi ukusebenzisana neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuvimba noma ukubhekana nazo ekuqaleni.

Izinhlanganisela ezivame kakhulu zihlangene nama-paraganglioma akhiqiza ama-hormone. Lezi zifo zingabangela ukuphakama okungozi kwezinga lokucindezela kwegazi okuthi, uma kungelashwa, kungase kuholele ezinkingeni zenhliziyo, isifo sobuchopho, noma ukonakala kwamathumbu nakwezinye izitho. Kungakho ukulandelela nokwelashwa kubaluleke kakhulu.

Izinhlanganisela zenhliziyo zingase zithuthuke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uma amazinga e-hormone ehlala ephezulu. Lezi zingase zihlanganise ukubetha okungajwayelekile kwenhliziyo, ukonakala kwemisipha yenhliziyo, noma ukucindezeleka kwegazi okuphezulu okuhlala kuhlala kunzima ukulawula. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi lezi zinhlanganisela zivame ukulungiseka ngokwelashwa okulungile kwe-paraganglioma ebangela inkinga.

Ngama-paraganglioma ekhanda nasehlombe, izinhlanganisela zingase zihlanganise ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa, ikakhulu uma isifo sikhona eduze kwesakhiwo sezinzwa zakho. Abanye abantu nabo baye baba nezinkinga zokulinganisela noma izinkinga zezinzwa zobuso, kuye ngokuthi isifo sikhula kuphi.

Emacaleni ambalwa, ama-paraganglioma angaba ama-malignant, okusho ukuthi asakazeka kwenye ingxenye yomzimba wakho. Lokhu kwenzeka cishe ku-10-15% yamacala, futhi ngisho noma kwenzeka, ukusabalala kuya kancane futhi kuvame ukuphendula kahle ekwelapheni.

Izinkinga ze-opereyithi, nakuba zingavamile, zingafaka ukulimala kwamathansi noma imithambo yegazi eseduze, kuye ngendawo yomdlavuza. Udokotela wakho we-opereyithi uzoxoxa nawe ngalezi zingozi ezithile ngokususelwa esimweni sakho.

Ukungathinteka kwe-paraganglioma kungavikeleka kanjani?

Ngeshwa, ayikho indlela eqinisekisiwe yokuvimbela i-paragangliomas, ikakhulukazi ngoba izimo eziningi zihambisana nezici ze-genetic ongenakukulawula. Noma kunjalo, kunezinyathelo ongazithatha ukuze uzibambe ngokushesha futhi ulawule ingozi yakho ngokuphumelelayo.

Uma unomlando womndeni we-paragangliomas noma izimo ezihlobene, ukwelulekwa kwe-genetic nokuhlolwa kungaba yigugu kakhulu. Ukubona ukuthi uthwala yini ukuguqulwa kwe-genetic okuhlobene nalezi zifo kuvumela ukuhlolwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nokubhekwa, okungabamba izifo lapho zincane futhi kulula ukuziphatha.

Ukuhlolwa okuvamile kwezokwelapha kuba kubaluleke kakhulu uma usengozini enkulu. Udokotela wakho angakuncoma ukubhekwa okuvamile kwengcindezi yegazi, ukuhlolwa kwemithambo ukuhlola amazinga e-hormone, noma izifundo zokuthola izifo ngaphambi kokuba zibangele izimpawu.

Ukuphila impilo enempilo, nakuba kungavimbeli ngokuqondile i-paragangliomas, kungasiza umzimba wakho ukuba uphathe kangcono ukucindezeleka kokuguquguquka kwe-hormone uma uthola enye. Lokhu kufaka ukugcina isisindo esinempilo, ukuzivocavoca njalo, ukulawula ukucindezeleka, nokugwema i-caffeine noma utshwala ngokweqile.

Uma usuvele usengozini eyaziwayo, ukuhlala unolwazi ngezimpawu nokugcina ukuxhumana okuvulekile neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo kubalulekile. Ukutholwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nokuphathwa kuvame ukubangela imiphumela emihle kakhulu kunokulinda kuze kube yilapho izimpawu ziqala ukuba nzima.

I-paraganglioma ihlonishwa kanjani?

Ukuhlonishwa kwe-paraganglioma kuvame ukufaka izinyathelo eziningi ngoba izimpawu zingafana nezinye izimo, futhi udokotela wakho ufuna ukuba ophelele ekuqondeni isimo sakho.

Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngengxoxo eningiliziwe mayelana nezimpawu zakho, umlando womndeni, kanye nomlando wakho wezokwelapha. Bayoba nomuzwa okhethekile endleleni izimpawu zakho ezivela ngayo, uma zivela ngezigaba, nokuthi yini ebonakala iyabaphakamisa. Le ngxoxo ikusiza ukuqondisa izinyathelo ezilandelayo ekutholakala kokuxilongwa.

Izivivinyo zegazi nezinye ze-urine ngokuvamile yisinyathelo esilandelayo, ikakhulukazi uma udokotela wakho ekhombisa ukungabaza nge-paraganglioma evelisa ama-hormone. Lezi zivivinyo zilinganisa amazinga wezinto ezithile ezikhiqizwayo ebizwa ngokuthi yi-catecholamines kanye nemikhiqizo yazo yokwahlukaniswa. Ungase udinga ukuqoqa i-urine amahora angu-24 noma ube nokuthathwa kwegazi okuningi ukuze uthole ukufunda okuchaneka.

Izifundo zokwenza izithombe zisiza ukuthola nokuchaza i-tumor. Udokotela wakho angaqala nge-CT scan noma i-MRI ukuze uthole izithombe ezinemininingwane yendawo ecingelwayo. Nge-paragangliomas, ukuskena okukhethekile njenge-MIBG (umkhondo ogqamile owodwa olukhanga kulezi tumors) kungaba usizo kakhulu ekutholeni indawo eqondile.

Ngezinye izikhathi, kuyadingeka ukuhlolwa okukhethekile okwengeziwe. Lokhu kungafaka ukuhlolwa kwe-genetic ukuhlola izinhlobo ezifuywe, noma izinhlobo ezithile zokuskena ezingathola ama-tumors amancane kakhulu noma zibone uma kukhona ama-tumors amaningi akhona.

Inqubo yokuxilonga ingase ibonakale isikhathi eside, kodwa isinyathelo ngasinye sinikeza ulwazi olubalulekile olusiza iqembu lakho lezokwelapha ukwakha uhlelo lokwelapha oluhle kakhulu lesimo sakho esithile.

Iyini impilo ye-paraganglioma?

Ukwelashwa kwe-paraganglioma kuncike ezintweni eziningi kufaka usayizi we-tumor, indawo, uma ikhiqiza ama-hormone, kanye nempilo yakho yonke. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi kunezinketho eziningi zokwelapha ezisebenzayo ezitholakalayo.

Ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukuba yindlela yokuqala yokwelapha, ikakhulukazi ngama-tumors abangela izimpawu noma akhula. Umgomo ukususa i-tumor yonke ngenkathi ugcina inyama enempilo ezungezile nezinto ezibalulekile njengezinzwa nama-blood vessels. Udokotela wakho uzoqondisa indlela ethile ngokususelwa endaweni ye-tumor yakho.

Ngaphambi kokuthi kwenziwe ubuyekezo, uma i-paraganglioma yakho ikhiqiza ama-hormone amaningi, udokotela wakho ngokuvamile uzokunika imithi yokulawula ukucindezeleka kwegazi kanye nesivinini senhliziyo. Lesi sikhathi sokulungiselela, esingathatha amasonto amaningana, sisiza ukwenza ubuyekezo bube yilona elivikelekile ngokuvimbela ukuphakama okungalindelekile kokucindezeleka kwegazi ngesikhathi senqubo.

Kweminye imiphumela ye-paraganglioma yekhanda nemuhlwane, ikakhulukazi emincane engabangeli izimpawu ezinkulu, ukulandelela ngokucophelela kungase kunconywe esikhundleni sobuyekezo obuqondile. Lezi zinhlayiya zivame ukukhula kancane kakhulu, futhi ingozi yokuhlinzwa ingase idlule izinzuzo ezimweni ezithile.

Ukwelashwa ngomgogodla kungaba yindlela yokwelapha izinhlayiya ezinzima ukuzisusa ngokuhlinzwa noma kubantu abangafaneleki ukuhlinzwa. Izindlela zanamuhla zokwelashwa ngomgogodla zingaba zinembile kakhulu, zihlose umdlavuza ngenkathi zinciphisa imiphumela ezihlalweni ezempilo.

Kwimeko embalwa lapho i-paragangliomas isakazeke ezingxenyeni zomzimba, ukwelashwa kungafaka i-chemotherapy, imithi yokwelapha ehlosiwe, noma ukwelashwa okukhethekile njengemithi enomgogodla ehlomile ehlose ngokuqondile le miphumela yomdlavuza.

Indlela yokwelashwa ekhaya ngesikhathi se-paraganglioma?

Ukuphatha i-paraganglioma ekhaya kuhilela kokubili ukulandela uhlelo lokwelashwa luka-dokotela wakho nokwenza ukulungiswa kwesitayela sokuphila okungakusiza uzizwe kangcono futhi kunciphisa izimpawu.

Uma uthatha imithi yokulawula ukucindezeleka kwegazi noma isivinini senhliziyo, kubalulekile ukuyithatha ngokuqondile njengoba kunqunyiwe. Gcina isimiso esiqondile, futhi ungayiyeka imithi ngisho noma uzizwa kahle. Le mithi ivikela izinkinga ezingaba yingozi, hhayi ukwelapha izimpawu kuphela.

Qapha ukucindezeleka kwegazi kwakho njalo uma udokotela wakho ekunconyele ukuba wenze njalo. Gcina irekhodi lokufunda kwakho kanye nezincazelo zendlela ozizwa ngayo, lokho obekwenza, nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ozibonile. Lolu lwazi lusisiza iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukulungisa ukwelashwa kwakho njengoba kudingeka.

Ukuphathwa kwengcindezi kubaluleke kakhulu ngoba ingcindezi ingabangela ukubhebhetheka kwezimpawu kwabanye abantu. Thola izindlela zokuphumula ezisebenza kuwe, kungaba yimiqondo yokuheha umoya ojulile, i-yoga ebushelelezi, ukucamngca, noma nje ukuhamba njalo ngokwemvelo.

Phawula izinto ezingase zibangele izimpawu zakho. Abanye abantu baphawula ukuthi ukudla okuthile, imisebenzi, noma izimo kubonakala sengathi kuletha izigameko. Izinto ezivame ukubangela zingabandakanya i-caffeine, utshwala, imithi ethile, noma ukucindezeleka komzimba. Ukuqeda izinto ezibangela okuqondiwe kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukwenzeka kwezimpawu.

Hlala uthambile futhi ugcine ukudla okujwayelekile, okuqondile. Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi ukudla okuncane, okuningi, kusiza ukuvimbela ukuguquguquka kweswekile legazi okungase kubangele izimpawu. Khawukhawulelise i-caffeine notshwala, njengoba lokhu kungenza kube kubi izinkinga zengcindezi yegazi kanye nesivinini senhliziyo.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho nodokotela?

Ukulungiselela kahle i-aphoyintimenti yakho nodokotela kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola okuningi kakhulu ekuhambeleni kwakho futhi unikeze iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngolwazi olulidinga ukuze likusize ngokuphumelelayo.

Gcina idayari eningiliziwe yezimpawu okungenani isonto ngaphambi kwe-aphoyintimenti yakho. Qaphela ukuthi izimpawu zenzeka nini, isikhathi eside zingakanani, lokho obekwenza lapho ziqala, nokuthi zazinzima kangakanani ngesilinganiso se-1-10. Lolu lwazi lubaluleke kakhulu ekuxilongeni nasekulungiseni ukwelashwa.

Bula uhlu oluphelele lwazo zonke izidakamizwa ozithathayo, kufaka phakathi imithi yokwelapha, imithi yokuthengwa ngaphandle kwesikripthi, amavithamini, kanye nezinye izinto ezengeziwe. Faka imithamo nokuthi uzithatha kangaki ngayinye. Ezinye izidakamizwa zingathinta izimpawu ze-paraganglioma noma zihlanganise ekwelapheni.

Bula umlando wakho wezokwelapha womndeni, ikakhulukazi uqaphele noma yibaphi abantu abaseduze abake baba ne-paragangliomas, i-pheochromocytomas, ingcindezi yegazi ephezulu, izinkinga zenhliziyo, noma iziphumu ezingavamile. Uma kungenzeka, thola imininingwane ecacile mayelana nokuxilongwa, ukwelashwa, nemiphumela.

Lungiselela uhlu lwemibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza. Zibhale phansi ngaphambi kwesikhathi ukuze ungakhohlwa izinto ezibalulekile ngesikhathi sokuqokwa. Imibuzo ingafaka ukubuza ngezinketho zokwelashwa, ukuthi yini okulindelekile, imiphumela emibi, noma nini lapho kufanele ubhale ehhovisi.

Letha noma yimiphi imiphumela yokuhlola yangaphambili, izifundo zokubonisa izithombe, noma amarekhodi ezempilo ahlobene nezimpawu zakho zamanje. Uma ubona odokotela abanye ngalezi zinkinga, ukuba namarekhodi lawo atholakalayo kungavimbela ukuhlolwa okuphindaphindwayo futhi kusize udokotela wakho wamanje ukuqonda isithombe sakho sezempilo esiphelele.

Iyini into ebalulekile mayelana ne-paraganglioma?

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyiqonde nge-paraganglioma ukuthi nakuba kuyisimo esinzima esidinga ukunakekelwa okufanele kwezokwelapha, futhi liyaphatheka kalula, ikakhulukazi uma kubanjwe ngokushesha. I-paragangliomas eningi iyinhlanhla futhi iphendula kahle ekwelapheni okufanele.

Uma ubhekene nezimpawu ezingase ziphakamise i-paraganglioma, ikakhulukazi izigameko eziphindaphindayo zezinhlungu ezinzima, ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo, nokukhuluphala, ungangabazi ukufuna ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha. Ukuxilongwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nokuphathwa kuvame ukubangela imiphumela emihle futhi kungavimbela izinhlupheko ezingaba khona.

Kwabantu abane-family history ye-paragangliomas noma izimo ezihlobene, ukuhlolwa okungaphambi kwesikhathi nokunconywa kwe-genetic kungaba amathuluzi abalulekile ekubeni uthole ngokushesha nokugwema izinhlupheko. Ulwazi mayelana nezingozi zakho ze-genetic luvumela ukuqapha nokunakekelwa okuqondene nomuntu.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuba ne-paraganglioma akuchazi impilo yakho noma akulinganiselisi ikusasa lakho. Ngokwelashwa okufanele nokuqapha, abantu abaningi abane-paragangliomas bayaqhubeka bephila impilo evamile, enempilo. Iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo likhona ukukusekela kuzo zonke izinyathelo zenqubo.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana ne-paraganglioma

Q1: Ingabe i-paraganglioma ifana nomdlavuza?

Izingxube eziningi ze-paraganglioma ziyinhle, okusho ukuthi azisasali ezingxenyeni zomzimba wakho njengoba kwenza umdlavuza. Noma kunjalo, cishe i-10-15% ingaba yomdlavuza (umdlavuza), kodwa ngisho nalezi zikhula kancane futhi zivame ukuphendula kahle ekwelapheni. Udokotela wakho angakwazi ukuqonda ukuthi i-paraganglioma yakho ithile iyinhle noma iyomdlavuza ngokuhlola okuhlukahlukene nokucubungula.

Q2: Ingabe i-paraganglioma ingabuya emuva kokwelashwa?

Ukubuyela emuva kungenzeka kodwa akukho lwazi uma i-paraganglioma isusiwe ngokuphelele ngokusebenza. Ingozi yokubuyela emuva iphezulu ngezinhlobo zezifo eziyizefa, kungakho abantu abanezimo zofuzo bavame ukudinga ukulandelelwa isikhathi eside. Udokotela wakho uzokuncoma isimiso sokulandelwa ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho esithile nezici ezingozi.

Q3: Ingabe ngizodinga ukuthatha imithi impilo yami yonke?

Lokhu kuncike esimweni sakho esithile. Uma i-paraganglioma yakho isusiwe ngempumelelo futhi yayingengxenye yesifo esiyizifa, ungase ungadingi imithi yesikhathi eside. Noma kunjalo, abanye abantu badinga imithi yokucindezela kwegazi noma ezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Udokotela wakho uzosebenza nawe ukuze unqume uhlelo oluhle lokuphatha isikhathi eside icala lakho elihlukile.

Q4: Ngingazivocavoca yini uma ngine-paraganglioma?

Izincomo zokuvivinya umzimba zincike ezimpawu zakho nesimo sokwelashwa. Uma i-paraganglioma yakho ibangele izinkinga zokucindezela kwegazi noma izinga lokugijima kwenhliziyo, udokotela wakho angakuncoma ukugwema ukuvivinya umzimba okunzima kuze kube yilapho lezi zilawulwa. Uma isimo sakho siqinisile, ukuvivinya umzimba okulula kuya kokuphakathi kuvame ukukhuthazwa njengoba kungasiza impilo yonke nokuphathwa kwengcindezi.

Q5: Ingabe amalungu omndeni wami kufanele ahlolwe i-paraganglioma?

Uma i-paraganglioma yakho itholakala ukuthi iyefa (ngokuhlolwa kwe-genetic), udokotela wakho cishe uzokuncoma ukuthi amalungu omndeni aseduze acinge ngezeluleko nezivivinyo ze-genetic. Lokhu kungasiza ekutholeni abantu abasezingozini ngaphambi kokuthi izimpawu zivele, kuvumele ukuqapha kwasekuqaleni nokungenelela uma kudingeka. Isinqumo sokuhlolwa komndeni kufanele senziwe ngokubonisana nomxhumanisi we-genetic ongangachaza izinzuzo nokulinganiselwa kokuhlolwa.