Ukuthini i-Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, & Ukwelashwa

I-Partial anomalous pulmonary venous return (PAPVR) iyisimo senhliziyo lapho ezinye zezinsimbi zegazi zephunga zakho zixhumana nengxenye engafanele yenhliziyo yakho. Esikhundleni sokuba zonke izinzwa ezine ze-pulmonary zibuyisele igazi elicebile nge-oksijini evela emaphaphweni akho kuya kwisigaba sakho sokunxele, enye noma ngaphezulu kwezinzwa zikhipha igazi ngokungalungile kuya kwisigaba sakho sokunene noma ezinye izingxenye zenhliziyo.

Lobu buhlobo benhliziyo obuzelwe luvela cishe ku-0.4 kuya ku-0.7% yabantu abavamile, okwenza lube lula kodwa alulona olukhulu. Abantu abaningi abane-PAPVR baphila impilo evamile ngaphandle kokwazi ukuthi banalo, ikakhulukazi uma kunye kuphela inzwa eithintekile.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return?

Abantu abaningi abane-PAPVR abanawo nhlobo izimpawu, ikakhulukazi uma isimo silula. Ubukhulu bezimpawu kuncike ekutheni zingaki izinzwa ze-pulmonary ezihlanganiswe ngokungalungile nokuthi igazi elingakanani elikhahlela eceleni kwakho kwesokudla kwenhliziyo.

Uma izimpawu zivele, ngokuvamile zithuthuka kancane kancane futhi zingafaka:

• Ukuphefumula okufushane ngesikhathi somsebenzi womzimba noma ukuvivinya umzimba
• Ukukhathala okungavamile okubonakala kungaphezu kwalokho okwenzayo
• Ukutheleleka okuvamile kwesisu noma ukuphulukiswa okuphakathi kwesikhathi eside emakhazeni
• Ukushona kwenhliziyo noma ukuqaphela ukushaya kwenhliziyo yakho
• Ukutholakala kokusebenza komzimba okunciphisiwe uma kuqhathaniswa nabangane
• Ubuhlungu obusengqabeni noma ubuhlungu obuncane besifuba ngesikhathi sokuvivinya umzimba

Ezimweni ezinkulu, ungase uqaphele ukukhula ezinyaweni zakho noma ezinzwini zakho, ikakhulukazi ekupheleni kosuku. Abanye abantu nabo bahlushwa yikakhulukazi elingapheli elibonakala lingahlobene nesifo.

Abantwana abane-PAPVR bangase babonise izindlela zokukhula ezinzima noma babonakale bekhathele kakhulu ngesikhathi sokudlala uma kuqhathaniswa nabanye abantwana abangobudala babo. Noma kunjalo, lezi zimpawu zingase zibe zinobukhulu futhi ngokuvamile aziphawulwe iminyaka eminingi.

Ziyini izinhlobo ze-Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return?

I-PAPVR ihlelwa ngokusekelwe ekutheni yiziphi izinzwa ze-pulmonary ezithintekile nokuthi zixhumana kanjani ngokungalungile. Uhlobo oluvamile luhilela inzwa ephezulu yesokudla ye-pulmonary, emelela cishe i-90% yazo zonke izimo ze-PAPVR.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zifaka:

• I-Right upper pulmonary vein PAPVR: Uhlobo oluvamile kakhulu, oluvamile olukhupha ku-superior vena cava
• I-Right lower pulmonary vein PAPVR: Akukuvamile, kungase kukhiphe ku-inferior vena cava noma kwisigaba sokunene
• I-Left-sided PAPVR: Akukuvamile, kuhilela izinzwa ze-pulmonary ezisekhohlo ezikhipha igazi ngokungalungile
• I-Scimitar syndrome: Uhlobo oluthile lapho izinzwa ze-pulmonary ezisekhohlo zenza iphethini egubekile efana nekrele le-scimitar kuma-X-rays esifuba

Uhlobo ngalunye lubonisa izinselele ezahlukene futhi lungase lidingi izindlela zokwelapha ezahlukene. I-cardiologist yakho izokunquma ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo olukhona ngokusebenzisa ukuhlolwa kwezithombe ezikhethekile.

Yini ebangela i-Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return?

I-PAPVR ithuthuka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwasekuqaleni lapho inhliziyo yakho nezinsimbi zegazi zakho zikhahlela. Lokhu kwenzeka phakathi namasonto amane nesishiyagalombili okukhulelwa, isikhathi eside ngaphambi kokuba abesifazane abaningi bakwazi ukuthi bakhulelwe.

Isimo senzeka lapho inqubo yentuthuko evamile yokwakheka kwezinzwa ze-pulmonary ihamba kancane. Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwesilwane, izinzwa zakho ze-pulmonary kufanele ziguquke futhi zixhumeke kwisigaba sokunxele, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi le nqubo ayiqedi kahle.

Ngokungafani nezinye izimo zenhliziyo, i-PAPVR ngokuvamile ayibangelwa yilutho abazali abalwenzile noma abangazange balwenze ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Kuyinto nje ehlukile yokuthi inhliziyo ikhahlela, kufana nokuthi abanye abantu bazalwa bemibala ehlukile yamehlo.

Izimo eziningi zenzeka ngokungahleliwe ngaphandle komlando womndeni wezinkinga zenhliziyo. Noma kunjalo, ngokungavamile, i-PAPVR ingaba yingxenye yezinhlobo ze-genetic noma igijime emindenini, nakuba lokhu limelela izingxenye ezincane kakhulu zezimo.

Nini okufanele ubona udokotela nge-Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return?

Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho uma uhlushwa ukuphefumula okungachazeki, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi semisebenzi eyangaphambili engabangela izinkinga zokuphefumula. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma ukuphefumula okufushane kubonakala kuya kubi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ezinye izimpawu ezinkulu ezidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha zifaka ukukhathala okuqhubekayo okuhlupha imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke, ukutheleleka okuvamile kwesisu, noma ukushona kwenhliziyo okukhathazayo noma okukhathazayo.

Uma ungumzali, qaphela izimpawu engwaneni yakho ezifana nobunzima bokuhambisana nabangane ngesikhathi sokudlala, ukukhathala okungavamile ngemuva kwemisebenzi emincane, noma amakhazeni avamile abonakala ehlala isikhathi eside kunokulindelekile.

Unganqikazi ukufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlushwa ubuhlungu besifuba, ukuphefumula okufushane kakhulu ngokuphumula, noma ukubi kakhulu kwezimpawu. Nakuba i-PAPVR ngokungavamile ibangela izimo eziphuthumayo, lezi zimpawu zingase zibonise ubunzima obudinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha.

Ziyini izici ezingozi ze-Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return?

Njengoba i-PAPVR iyisimo esizalwa naso esithuthuka ngaphambi kokuzalwa, izici ezingozi ezivamile ezifana nokukhetha indlela yokuphila azisebenzi. Noma kunjalo, izimo ezithile zingase zikhulise amathuba okuba naleli simo.

Izici eziyinhloko ezingozi zifaka:

• Umlando womndeni wezifo zenhliziyo ezelwe nazo, nakuba lokhu kungavamile
• Ukuba khona kwezinye izimo zenhliziyo ezelwe nazo
• Ukudalwa nezinhlobo ezithile ze-genetic
• I-diabetes yomzali ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, nakuba uxhumano lubuthakathaka

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi ukuba nalezi zici ezingozi akusho ukuthi wena noma ingane yakho niyobe ne-PAPVR. Abantu abaningi abaneli simo abanazo izici ezingozi ezibonakalayo nhlobo.

Isimo sithinta amadoda nabesifazane ngokulinganayo futhi senzeka kuwo wonke amaqembu ezizwe. Iminyaka ayilona iphuzu lokutholakala njengoba uzalwa naleli simo, nakuba izimpawu zingase zibe zibonakala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Ziyini izinhlanganisela ezingase zenzeke ze-Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return?

Abantu abaningi abane-PAPVR abazange bathuthukise ubunzima, ikakhulukazi uma kunye kuphela inzwa ye-pulmonary ehilelekile. Noma kunjalo, ukuqonda izinhlanganisela ezingase zenzeke kukusiza uhlale ulungile ezinguqukweni empilweni yakho.

Izinhlanganisela ezivamile zithuthuka kancane kancane eminyakeni eminingi futhi zifaka:

• Ukukhula kwesokudla kwenhliziyo ngenxa yokuphatha ivolumu engamakhulu egazi
• I-Pulmonary hypertension (ukucindezela kwegazi eliphezulu e-arteries yamaphunga)
• Ukuthuthukiswa komngcipheko wezinkinga zesilinganiso senhliziyo
• Ukukhathala kokusebenza komzimba okuya kubi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi
• Ukutholakala okuphezulu kokutheleleka kwesisu

Ezimweni ezingavamile, izinhlanganisela ezinkulu zingase zithuthuke, ikakhulukazi uma izinzwa eziningi ze-pulmonary zithintekile. Lokhu kungafaka ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo, i-pulmonary hypertension enzima, noma ukuphazamiseka okukhulu kwesilinganiso senhliziyo.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ngokubeka iliso okufanele nokwelashwa uma kudingeka, izinhlanganisela eziningi zingavikeleka noma ziphathwe kahle. Ukuhlola okuvamile nge-cardiologist yakho kusiza ukubamba noma yiziphi izinguquko ekuqaleni.

I-Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return ihlonishwa kanjani?

I-PAPVR ngokuvamile itholakala ngokungahleliwe ngesikhathi sokuhlola izizathu eziningi, njengoba abantu abaningi abanawo izimpawu ezicacile. Udokotela wakho angase aqale ukuthi isimo sikho uma ezwa ukushaywa okungavamile kwenhliziyo ngesikhathi sokuhlola okuvamile.

Inqubo yokuhlola ngokuvamile iqala nge-echocardiogram, esebenzisa amaza omsindo ukwenza izithombe zenhliziyo yakho. Lolu hlolo lungabonisa izindlela ezingavamile zokukhahlela kwegazi futhi lusisize ukwazi ukuthi izinzwa zakho ze-pulmonary zixhumana kuphi.

Ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kungafaka:

• I-Chest X-ray ukubuka ukukhula kwenhliziyo noma izindlela ezingavamile zezinsimbi zegazi
• I-Cardiac MRI yezithombe eziningi zesakhiwo senhliziyo yakho nokukhahlela kwegazi
• I-CT scan ene-contrast ukuze ubone ngokucacile izinzwa ze-pulmonary
• I-Cardiac catheterization kwezinye izimo ukulinganisa ukucindezela nokuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa

Lokhu kuhlolwa kusiza i-cardiologist yakho ukuqonda ukuthi yiziphi izinzwa ezithintekile nokuthi igazi elingakanani elikhahlela engxenyeni engafanele yenhliziyo yakho. Lolu lwazi lubalulekile ekubeni unqume ukuthi ukwelashwa kudingeka yini.

Ukwelashwa kwe-Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return yikuphi?

Ukwelashwa kwe-PAPVR kuncike ekutheni igazi elingakanani elikhahlela eceleni kwakho kwesokudla kwenhliziyo nokuthi uhlushwa yizimpawu yini. Abantu abaningi abane-PAPVR elula badinga ukubekwa iliso okuvamile ngaphandle kokuthi kwenziwe ukuhlinzwa.

Uma ukwelashwa kudingeka, ukuhlinzwa kokulungisa kuyindlela ephambili. Ukuhlinzwa kuhilela ukuqondisa kabusha izinzwa ze-pulmonary ezingavamile ukuba zikhiphe kuya kwisigaba sokunxele lapho zifanele khona, kubuyisele izindlela ezingavamile zokukhahlela kwegazi.

I-cardiologist yakho izokuncoma ukuhlinzwa uma:

• Unazo izimpawu ezinkulu ezithinta ikhwalithi yempilo yakho
• Inhliziyo yakho yesokudla ikhula ngenxa yokuphatha igazi elingaphezulu
• Ukuhlolwa kubonisa inani elikhulu lokukhahlela kwegazi okungalungile
• Uthuthukisa izinhlanganisela ezifana ne-pulmonary hypertension

Inqubo yokwelapha ngokuvamile yenziwa ngokuhlinzwa kwenhliziyo evulekile, nakuba ezinye izindawo zihlola izindlela ezingathinti kakhulu. Abantu abaningi baphulukana kahle futhi bathola ukuthuthukiswa okukhulu ezimpawu zabo ngemuva kokuhlinzwa.

Uma ukuhlinzwa kungadingeki ngokushesha, udokotela wakho uzohlela ukuvakasha okuvamile kokulandelela ukuze abeke iliso esimweni sakho futhi abuke noma yiziphi izinguquko ezingase zidinga ukungenelela kamuva.

Ungaphatha kanjani izimpawu ekhaya ngesikhathi se-Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return?

Nakuba ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kuyindlela ephambili ye-PAPVR, kunezinto eziningi ongenza ekhaya ukuze usize ukuphatha izimpawu nokusekela impilo yakho yonke yenhliziyo.

Gxila ekuqondiseni impilo enhle yemisipha yenhliziyo ngaphakathi kwemingcele yakho. Ukuvivinya umzimba okuvamile, okulinganiselwe njengokuhamba noma ukuqubha kungasiza ekuqinisweni kwenhliziyo yakho, kodwa lalela umzimba wakho futhi ungaphuli ukuphefumula okufushane okukhulu noma ubuhlungu besifuba.

Qaphela ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kwesisu, okungase kube nzima kubantu abane-PAPVR:

• Thola ama-vaccines e-flu minyaka yonke futhi uhlale usesikhathini ngeminye imithi yokugcoba ecashunwe
• Geza izandla zakho njalo, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sesikhathi esibandayo nesikhathi se-flu
• Gwema ukuxhumana eduze nabantu abagulayo uma kungenzeka
• Cabanga ukusebenzisa i-humidifier ukuze ugcine izindlela zakho zokuphefumula zimanzi

Gcina indlela yokuphila enempilo yenhliziyo ngokudla okulungile, ukulala okwanele, nokuphathwa kwengcindezi. Nakuba lokhu ngeke kulungise i-PAPVR, kusekela impilo yakho yonke yemisipha yenhliziyo futhi kungakusiza uzizwe ukhulu usuku nosuku.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-appointment yakho yodokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-appointment yakho ye-cardiology kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola okuningi kakhulu ekuhambeni kwakho futhi ungakhohlwa imibuzo ebalulekile noma ulwazi.

Ngaphambi kwe-appointment yakho, bhala zonke izimpawu zakho, kufaka phakathi ukuthi zenzeka nini nokuthi yini ebonakala izibangela. Qaphela noma yiziphi izinguquko ekutholakaleni kwakho kokusebenza komzimba noma amazinga amandla, ngisho noma zibonakala zincane.

Letha uhlu oluphelele lwemithi yakho, kufaka phakathi izithasiselo ezithengiswa ngaphandle komthetho namavithamini. Buye uqoqe noma yiziphi iziphumo zokuhlola ezidlule, ikakhulukazi ukuhlolwa okuhlobene nenhliziyo njenge-echocardiograms noma i-chest X-rays.

Lungisa imibuzo yakho kusengaphambili. Cabanga ukubuza ngalezi zinto:

• Ubukhulu besimo sakho esithile se-PAPVR?
• Ziyiphi izimpawu okufanele zikwenze ubizela ngokushesha?
• Ingabe kunezinkinga zomsebenzi okufanele uzilandele?
• Uzohlala udinga ukuvakasha kokulandelela kangaki?
• Ziyiphi izimpawu ezingase zibonise ukuthi udinga ukuhlinzwa esikhathini esizayo?

Cabanga ukuletha ilungu lomndeni noma umngane ukuze akusize ukukhumbula ulwazi oluxoxwe ngesikhathi se-appointment yakho, ikakhulukazi uma uzizwa ukhathazekile ngokuxilongwa.

Iyini into ebalulekile mayelana ne-Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return?

I-PAPVR iyisimo senhliziyo esilawuleka esiphila abantu abaningi ngempumelelo ekuphileni kwabo konke. Nakuba kuzwakala kukhathaza, iqiniso liwukuthi izimo eziningi zilula futhi azithinti kakhulu impilo yansuku zonke.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule iwukuthi ukuba ne-PAPVR akusho ukuthi awukwazi ukuphila impilo esebenzayo, ezele.

Hlala uxhumene neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo futhi unganqikazi ukubuza imibuzo noma ubike izimpawu ezintsha. Ukutholakala kwangaphambili kwanoma yiziphi izinguquko kuvumela ukungenelela ngesikhathi, okuholela eziphumeni ezinhle.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuqonda kwezokwelapha nokwelashwa kwe-PAPVR kuqhubeka kuthuthuka. Okubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenza ne-cardiologist yakho ukwenza uhlelo lokuqapha nokwelapha olufanele isimo sakho esithile.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwa mayelana ne-Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return

Ungasebenza ngokujwayelekile yini nge-PAPVR?

Abantu abaningi abane-PAPVR elula bangasebenza ngokujwayelekile, nakuba kufanele uxoxe ngezinkombandlela zomsebenzi ne-cardiologist yakho. Bangase bancome ukugwema imisebenzi enzima kakhulu noma imidlalo yokuncintisana, kuye ngesimo sakho esithile. Lalela umzimba wakho bese uyeka uma uhlushwa ukuphefumula okungavamile, ubuhlungu besifuba, noma ukudideka ngesikhathi sokuvivinya umzimba.

Ingabe i-PAPVR izoya kubi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi?

I-PAPVR ngokwayo ayibi kakhulu njengoba iyinto yokwakheka okungalungile ozalwa nayo. Noma kunjalo, imiphumela enhliziyweni yakho ingathuthuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uma igazi elingaphezulu likhahlela ngokungalungile. Kungakho ukulandelela okuvamile kwe-cardiology kubalulekile ukubuka noma yiziphi izinguquko ezingase zidinga ukwelashwa.

Ingabe abesifazane abane-PAPVR bangaba nokukhulelwa okujwayelekile?

Abesifazane abaningi abane-PAPVR bangaba nokukhulelwa okuphumelelayo, kodwa lokhu kudinga ukubekwa iliso ngokucophelela yi-cardiologist yakho nodokotela wakho. Ukukhulelwa kubekela inhliziyo yakho imfuneko eyengeziwe, ngakho odokotela bakho bazofuna ukuhlola isimo sakho esithile futhi bangase bancome ukuhlola okuvamile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Ingabe i-PAPVR iyifa?

Izimo eziningi ze-PAPVR zenzeka ngokungahleliwe futhi azithathwanga kubazali. Noma kunjalo, kunesihloko esincane sokuba ingase igijime emindenini noma ihlobene nezimo ze-genetic. Uma une-PAPVR futhi uhlela ukuba nezingane, xoxa ngalokhu ne-cardiologist yakho futhi ucabange ngokuncoma kwe-genetic uma kunconywa.

Kwenzekani uma i-PAPVR ishiyiwe ingaphathwa?

Abantu abaningi abane-PAPVR elula abadingi ukwelashwa futhi baphila impilo evamile. Noma kunjalo, uma ukukhahlela kwegazi okungalungile okukhulu kushiyiwe kungaphathwa, ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kungase kube yimbangela yokukhula kwesokudla kwenhliziyo, i-pulmonary hypertension, noma izinkinga zesilinganiso senhliziyo. Kungakho ukulandelela okuvamile kubalulekile, ngisho noma okwamanje awudingi ukuhlinzwa.