Uyini Uketshezi Lwe-Peanut? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

Uketshezi lwe-peanut kwenzeka lapho i-immune system yakho iphazamiseka icabanga ukuthi amaprotheni e-peanut ayizinto eziyingozi futhi ihlasela. Lokhu kuphendula kwe-immune system kungaba ukungakhululeki okuncane kuya ezinkingeni ezingaba yingozi, kuchaphazela cishe u-1% wabantu emhlabeni jikelele.

Ngokungafani nezinye izifo zoketshezi zabantwana ezinyamalala ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, uketshezi lwe-peanut luhlala luya ebuntwini. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ngolwazi olufanele nokulungiselela, ungalulama lesi simo ngokuphepha futhi uphile impilo egcwele, esebenzayo.

Uyini Uketshezi Lwe-Peanut?

Uketshezi lwe-peanut kuyiphendulo engaphezu kwesilinganiso se-immune system kumaprotheni atholakala e-peanut. Uma unelokhu uketshezi, umzimba wakho uphatha amaprotheni e-peanut njengebhaktheriya eyingozi futhi ulwa nawo ngezinto ezikhiqizwa umzimba njengehistamine.

Nanku okuthile okubalulekile okumele uqonde: ama-peanut awazi ama-nuts ngempela. Ziyizitshalo ezikhula phansi komhlaba, ezihlobene kakhulu ne-beans nama-peas kunama-nuts ezimithi. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ukuba noketshezi lwe-peanut akusho ukuthi uyaketshezeka kuma-nuts ezimithi njenge-almonds noma i-walnuts, nakuba abanye abantu banazo zombili.

Uketshezi lungakhula kunoma iyiphi iminyaka, kodwa kuvame ukubonakala ebuntwaneni. Okwenza uketshezi lwe-peanut lukhathazeke kakhulu ukuthi luvamise ukubangela izinkinga ezinzima uma kuqhathaniswa nezinye izifo zoketshezi zokudla.

Ziyini Izimpawu Zoketshezi Lwe-Peanut?

Izimpawu zoketshezi lwe-peanut zingabonakala ngaphakathi kwemizuzu kuya emahoreni amabili ngemuva kokudla i-peanut. Izinkinga zingaba ezincane kuya ezinkulu, futhi kubalulekile ukuzazi kusenesikhathi.

Nazi izimpawu ezivamile ongazihlangabezana nazo:

• Izinkinga zesikhumba ezinjenge-hives, ubovu, noma ukukhuluphala, ikakhulukazi eduze nomlomo nobuso
• Izinkinga zesisu ezihlanganisa isicanucanu, ukugula kwesisu, ukugabha, noma isifo sohudo
• Ikhala noma isifuba esivalekile, ukuthimula, namehlo amanzi
• Ukuthimula noma ukuthimula emlonyeni nasehlombe
• Ukuphefumula kanzima noma ukuthimula
• Ukukhungatheka noma ukuzizwa ukhanya

Inkinga enkulu kunazo zonke yi-anaphylaxis, okuyisimo esiphuthumayo sezempilo. Ngesikhathi se-anaphylaxis, umzimba wakho uya esimweni sokuzamazama futhi izici eziningi zichaphazeleka ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Qaphela lezi zibonakaliso ezinkulu ezidinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo kwesikhathi esiphuthumayo:

• Ukuphefumula kanzima noma ukuthimula okukhulu
• I-pulse esheshayo noma ukukhungatheka
• Inkinga enkulu yomzimba wonke ene-hives ebanzi
• Ukukhuluphala kwehlombe noma olulimi okwenza kube nzima ukugwinya
• Ukuwa okukhulu kwezinga lokucindezela kwegazi
• Ukulahlekelwa yikwazi

Ngisho noma uke waba nezinkinga ezincane ngaphambili, izinkinga zesikhathi esizayo zingabikezelwa futhi zingaba nzima kakhulu. Kungakho ukubheka yonke inkinga ngokungathi sína kubalulekile ekuvikeleni impilo yakho.

Yini Ebangela Uketshezi Lwe-Peanut?

Uketshezi lwe-peanut luvela lapho i-immune system yakho iphazamiseka futhi icabanga ukuthi amaprotheni e-peanut ayizinto eziyingozi. Izazi zezesayensi zithole amaprotheni athile e-peanut avame ukubangela izinkinga zoketshezi.

I-genetics yakho idlala indima ebalulekile kulesi senzakalo. Uma unezihlobo ezine-food allergies, i-asthma, noma i-eczema, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuthi uthuthukise uketshezi lwe-peanut. Kodwa-ke, usengathuthukisa lokhu uketshezi ngisho noma ungenalo umlando womndeni.

Izindlela zokudla ebuntwaneni zingase futhi zithinte ukuthuthukiswa koketshezi. Ngokuthakazelisayo, ucwaningo lwamuva lubonisa ukuthi ukufaka i-peanut ekuqaleni kobutshwana (cishe ezinyangeni eziyi-4-6) kungasiza ekuvimbeni uketshezi lwe-peanut kubantwana abasezingozini, nakuba lokhu kufanele kwenziwe ngaphansi kokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.

Izinto ezingqongile ezinjengobunzulu, ukuncishiswa kokudla ama-germs ekuqaleni kokuphila, nokuntuleka kwe-vitamin D kungase futhi kuhlanganyele ekuthuthukiseni koketshezi. Kodwa-ke, le miqondiso isacwaningwa futhi icakiwe.

Nini Okufanele Ubone Udokotela Ngoketshezi Lwe-Peanut?

Kufanele ubheke udokotela ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nanoma iyiphi inkinga yoketshezi ngemuva kokudla i-peanut, ngisho noma izimpawu zibonakala zincane. Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi nokuphathwa okuhle kungavimbela izinkinga ezinzima ngokwengeziwe esikhathini esizayo.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwesikhathi esiphuthumayo kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma ubona izibonakaliso ze-anaphylaxis ezinjengokuphefumula kanzima, ukukhuluphala kobuso noma ihlombe, i-pulse esheshayo, noma izinkinga ezinkulu zomzimba wonke. Ungalindi ukubona uma izimpawu ziyathuthuka zodwa.

Hlela i-aphoyintimenti ejwayelekile nodokotela we-allergist uma ucindezela ukuthi ungase ube noketshezi lwe-peanut kodwa awukahlangabezani nezinkinga ezinkulu. Bangenza ukuhlolwa okuhle futhi bakusize ukwakha uhlelo lokuphatha.

Kufanele futhi ubuze udokotela uma uphatha uketshezi lwe-peanut olukwaziwe futhi izimpawu zakho zibonakala zishintsha noma zibe zimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ukuhlola okujwayelekile kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha luhlala lusebenza kahle.

Ziyini Izingozi Zoketshezi Lwe-Peanut?

Izinto eziningi zingandisa amathuba akho okukhula koketshezi lwe-peanut. Ukuqonda lezi zingozi kungakusiza uhlale uxolo ezimpawu ezingase zibe khona, ikakhulu kubantwana.

Nazi izingozi eziyinhloko okumele uzazi:

• Umlando womndeni we-food allergies, ikakhulu kubazali noma abazalwane
• Ukuba nezinye izimo zoketshezi ezinjenge-eczema, i-asthma, noma uketshezi kwemvelo
• Ukuba mncane kakhulu, njengoba uketshezi lwe-peanut olukhulu luvela ekuqaleni kobutshwana
• Ukuba nezinye izifo zoketshezi zokudla, okwandisa amathuba oketshezi lokudla okwengeziwe
• Ukuphila emazweni athuthukile lapho uketshezi lwe-peanut luvame kakhulu khona
• Ukudalwa nge-C-section noma ukuba nokudla okuncane kwama-microbial ekuqaleni kokuphila

Ezinye izingozi ezingavamile zihlanganisa ukushoda kwe-vitamin D ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa noma ekuqaleni kobutshwana, kanye nezinguquko ezithile ze-genetic ezihlanganisa umsebenzi we-immune system. Ukuba nalezi zingozi akusho ukuthi uzokhula uketshezi lwe-peanut, kodwa kusho ukuthi ukuqaphela izimpawu ezingase zibe khona kunengqondo.

Ziyini Izingozi Ezingase Zibe Khona Zoketshezi Lwe-Peanut?

Nakuba izinkinga eziningi zoketshezi lwe-peanut ziphatheka, zingase zibe khona ezinye izingozi ezidinga ukunakekelwa kwakho nokulungiselela.

Inkinga enkulu kunazo zonke yi-anaphylaxis, engaba yingozi uma ingaphathwa ngokushesha. Le nkinga enkulu ingase ibe khona ngisho nangamanani amancane kakhulu okudla i-peanut futhi ingase ibe khona ngokushesha nangokunzima kunezingozi zangaphambili.

Nazi ezinye izingozi ezingase zikhule:

• Izinkinga ze-Biphasic, lapho izimpawu zibuya emahoreni ngemuva kokuba inkinga yokuqala ibonakala iphelile
• Izinkinga zokungcoliswa okuvela ekudleni okucutshungulwa ezindaweni ezisebenza ne-peanut
• Izinkinga zokuphefumula ezihlanganisa ukuhlaselwa kwe-asthma okuqalwa ukudla i-peanut
• Imiphumela yezenhlalo neyezingqondo, ehlanganisa ukukhathazeka ngokudla nezenhlalo
• Ukukhathazeka ngokudla uma ugwema ukudla okuningi ngenxa yokwesaba ukungcoliswa

Abanye abantu bathuthukisa uketshezi okwengeziwe ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, beba noketshezi ngamanani amancane e-peanut noma ngama-peanut particles emoyeni. Ngokungavamile, abantu bangase bathuthukise ezinye izifo zoketshezi zokudla kanye noketshezi lwabo lwe-peanut.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ngokuphatha okuhle nokulungiselela izingozi, ungavimbela izinkinga eziningi zalezi zingase zibe yizinkinga ezinkulu.

Ungavimbela Kanjani Uketshezi Lwe-Peanut?

Izindlela zokuvimbela zigxile ikakhulu ekuqaleni kobutshwana, njengoba uketshezi lwe-peanut olukhulu luvela eminyakeni embalwa yokuqala yokuphila. Ucwaningo lwamuva luye lwashintsha izindlela zokufaka i-peanut kubantwana.

Kubantwana abasezingozini (labo abane-eczema enkulu noma uketshezi le-egg), ukufaka ukudla okuqukethe i-peanut phakathi kwezinyanga eziyi-4-6 ubudala, ngaphansi kokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha, kungasiza ekuvimbeni ukuthuthukiswa koketshezi lwe-peanut. Le ndlela iphikisana nezeluleko zasendulo zokugwema i-peanut ekuqaleni kobutshwana.

Uma ukhulelwe noma unembele yomntwana, khuluma nodokotela wakho mayelana nendlela engcono kakhulu yesimo sakho. Bangakusiza unqume uma ukufaka kusenesikhathi kunengqondo ngokususelwa ezingozini zomntanakho.

Kwabantu abasenesikhathi soketshezi lwe-peanut, ukuvimbela kugxile ekuqedeni izinkinga ngokufunda izilebula ngokucophelela, ukuxhumana ngoketshezi lwakho, nokuphatha imithi yokuphuthuma.

Uketshezi Lwe-Peanut Luxilongwa Kanjani?

Ukuxilongwa koketshezi lwe-peanut kuhlanganisa ukuhlanganisa umlando wakho wezokwelapha nezivivinyo ezithile. Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokubuza imibuzo eminingi mayelana nezimpawu zakho, lapho zivela khona, nokuthi yikuphi ukudla i-peanut okubangela.

Izivivinyo ezivamile zokuxilongwa zihlanganisa izivivinyo ze-skin prick, lapho amanani amancane amaprotheni e-peanut abekwa esikhuneni sakho ukubona uma uyaphendula. Izivivinyo zegazi zingase futhi zilinganise ama-antibodies athile i-immune system yakho eyenza ngokumelene namaprotheni e-peanut.

Ngesinye isikhathi udokotela wakho angase akukhuthaze ukudla i-oral food challenge, okwenziwa endaweni yezokwelapha lapho udlela khona amanani amancane, ngokuqhubekayo, e-peanut ngaphansi kokunakekelwa okuqinile. Le nqubo inikeza ukuxilongwa okuqinisekile kakhulu kodwa inezinkinga ezithile zoketshezi.

Ukuhlolwa kwe-component kuyindlela entsha engase ibonise ukuthi yimaphi amaprotheni e-peanut owaketsheka kuwo. Lolu lwazi lusiza ukubikezela ukuthi izinkinga zakho zingaba zimbi kangakanani nokuthi ungase uphume koketshezi.

Iyini Indlela Yokwelapha Uketshezi Lwe-Peanut?

Indlela eyinhloko yokwelapha uketshezi lwe-peanut ukugwema i-peanut nemikhiqizo eyiqukethe. Lokhu kusho ukuba uchwepheshe ekufundeni izilebula zezithako nokubuza ngezindlela zokulungiselela ukudla uma udlela ngaphandle.

Ukulawula izinkinga zoketshezi uma zivele, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza imithi. Ama-antihistamines anjengeBenadryl angasiza ngezinkinga ezincane, kanti ama-epinephrine auto-injectors (anjengeEpiPen) abalulekile ekuphenduleni izinkinga ezinkulu.

Nazi imithi ebalulekile ongayidinga:

• I-epinephrine auto-injector yokusetshenziswa ngesikhathi esiphuthumayo ngezinkinga ezinkulu
• Ama-antihistamines ezimpawu ezincane kuya ezinkulu
• Ama-bronchodilators uma futhi une-asthma
• Ama-corticosteroids ezinkingeni ezihlala isikhathi eside noma ezinkulu (akunikezwa udokotela)

Indlela entsha yokwelapha yi-oral immunotherapy, lapho udlela khona kancane kancane, ngokuqhubekayo, amaprotheni e-peanut ngaphansi kokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Le ndlela inganciphisa ubukhulu benkinga kodwa idinga ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo kwezokwelapha futhi ayifanele wonke umuntu.

Abanye abantu bangase futhi bazuze kwi-epicutaneous immunotherapy (patch therapy) noma ezinye izindlela ezintsha, nakuba lezi zisacwaningwa futhi azitholakali kakhulu.

Ungazinakekela Kanjani Ekhaya Ngoketshezi Lwe-Peanut?

Ukuphatha uketshezi lwe-peanut ekhaya kudinga ukudala indawo ephephile nokukhula imikhuba emihle yansuku zonke. Qala ngokufunda zonke izilebula zokudla ngokucophelela, njengoba i-peanut ingase ibe khona emikhiqizweni engalindelekile njenge-sauces, ukudla okubhakwe, kanye nezinye izidakamizwa.

Gcina indawo yakho yokuhlala ingenayo i-peanut, ikakhulu uma unoketshezi olukhulu. Lokhu kusho ukuhlola yonke imikhiqizo yasekhaya nokucela amalungu omndeni ukuba angalethi ukudla okuqukethe i-peanut ezindaweni ezihlanganyelwe.

Hlala uphatha imithi yakho yokuphuthuma, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi ayikapheli isikhathi. Gcina ama-epinephrine auto-injectors amaningi ezindaweni ezahlukene ezinjengemoto yakho, indawo yokusebenza, nekhaya.

Nazi izindlela ezibalulekile zokuphatha ekhaya:

• Dala uhlelo lokusebenza oluphuthumayo oluqondwa amalungu omndeni nabangane
• Gqoka ubucwebe be-medical alert obuveza uketshezi lwakho lwe-peanut
• Gcina oxhumana nabo ngesikhathi esiphuthumayo kalula efonini yakho
• Zama ukusebenzisa i-epinephrine auto-injector yakho ukuze ulungele
• Gcina ukudla okuphephile nokudla okuyazi ukuthi akunayo i-peanut

Uma upheka ekhaya, sebenzisa izitsha ezahlukene namabhodi okusika uma noma ubani ekhaya edla i-peanut. Ngisho namanani amancane okungcoliswa angabangela izinkinga kubantu abanobuhlungu.

Kufanele Uzilungiselele Kanjani I-Aphoyintimenti Yakho Yodokotela?

Ukulungiselela kahle i-aphoyintimenti yakho yodokotela kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukuxilongwa okuchane kakhulu nohlelo lokwelapha olusebenzayo. Qala ngokugcina idayari enemininingwane yezimpawu ehlanganisa lokho okudlile, lapho izimpawu zaqala khona, nokuthi zazinkulu kangakanani.

Letha uhlu oluphelele lwazo zonke imithi kanye nezinye izinto ozithathayo, njengoba ezinye zingase zithinte ukuhlolwa koketshezi noma zihlangane nemithi yokwelapha. Buthana futhi nanoma yimiphi imiphumela yokuhlolwa koketshezi ngaphambili noma amarekhodi ezempilo ahlobene nezinkinga zokudla.

Bhala imibuzo ethile ofuna ukuyibuza, njengokuthi ungayisebenzisa kanjani imithi yokuphuthuma, ukudla okufanele ukugweme, nokuthi ungaziphatha kanjani izenhlalo ngokuphepha. Ungangabazi ukubuza ngezindlela ezintsha zokwelapha uma unentshisekelo.

Cabanga ukuletha ilungu lomndeni noma umngane ongakusiza ukukhumbula ulwazi olukhulu e-aphoyintimenti. Bangase futhi bafunde ukuthi bangakusiza kanjani ngesikhathi senkinga yoketshezi.

Uma ubona i-allergist okokuqala, kungase kudingeke uyeke ukuthatha ama-antihistamines izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuhlolwa kwesikhumba, ngakho buza ngalokhu uma uhlela i-aphoyintimenti yakho.

Iyini Iphuzu Eliyinhloko Ngoketshezi Lwe-Peanut?

Uketshezi lwe-peanut kuyisimo esinzima kodwa esilawuleka esidinga ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo nokulungiselela. Ngokuxilongwa okuhle, ukuhlela okuphuthumayo, nokugwema ngokucophelela, ungaphila ngokuphepha nangokugcwele naphezu kwalokhu uketshezi.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi izinkinga zoketshezi lwe-peanut zingabikezelwa, ngakho ukwenza yonke ingxenye ngokungathi sína kuvikela impilo yakho. Hlala uphatha imithi yakho yokuphuthuma futhi ungangabazi ukuyisebenzisa uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu.

Hlala uxhumana neqembu lakho lezokwelapha ukuze uthole ukuhlola okujwayelekile nokubuyekezwa kwezinketho ezintsha zokwelapha. Ucwaningo ekuphenduleni kokudla luqhubeka ngokushesha, lunikeza ithemba lezinqubo ezinhle zokuphatha esikhathini esizayo.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuba noketshezi lwe-peanut akukukhombi noma akunqamuki amandla akho. Ngokwazi, ukulungiselela, nokwesekwa komndeni nabangane, ungaphatha lesi simo ngokuqinile.

Imibuzo Evamile Ngoketshezi Lwe-Peanut

Ungaphuma Eketshezini Le-Peanut?

Nakuba kungavamile kunoketshezi lokudla okunye, abanye abantu baphume eketshezini le-peanut, ikakhulu uma laqala ebuntwaneni. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi cishe u-15-22% wabantwana bangase baphucule eketshezini labo le-peanut ngesikhathi sokuqala. Kodwa-ke, akufanele uvivinye lokhu wedwa - sebenza njalo nodokotela we-allergist ongakuhlola ngokuphepha ukuthi uketshezi lwakho luphelile ngokuhlola okuhle.

Kuphephile Yini Ukudla Ukudla Okuqoshiwe Okuthi "Kungenzeka Kuqukethe Ama-peanuts"?

Lokhu kuncike ezingeni lakho loketshezi futhi kufanele kuxoxwe nodokotela wakho we-allergist. Abanye abantu abane-allergies ezincane bangakwazi ukuthwala imikhiqizo enezixwayiso eziqoshiwe, kanti abanye abakwazi. Lezi zilebula zibonisa ukungcoliswa okungenzeka ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza, okusho ukuthi kungenzeka kube khona amanani amancane e-peanut. Udokotela wakho angakusiza uqonde izingozi zakho siqu futhi wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi.

Ungaba Nenkinga Yoketshezi Evela Kuma-peanut Particles Emoyeni?

Izinkinga zemoto zingenzeka kodwa azivamile ngoketshezi lwe-peanut. Zivame ukwenzeka ezindaweni ezivaliwe ezina-peanut dust eningi, njengoba i-peanut ihlukaniswa noma ihlatshwa. Izinkinga zokuba eduze komuntu odla i-peanut zingezona ezivamile, nakuba zingase zenzeke kubantu abanobuhlungu kakhulu. Uma ukhathazekile ngokudla emoyeni, xoxa nodokotela wakho we-allergist.

Kufanele Wenzeni Uma Udle I-peanut Ngokungahlosile?

Uma uqaphela ukuthi udle i-peanut, hlala uzolile futhi uqaphele izimpawu. Uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu zoketshezi, ngisho nezincane, thatha i-antihistamine futhi ulungele ukusebenzisa i-epinephrine auto-injector yakho uma izimpawu zibe zimbi. Nganoma yiziphi izimpawu ezinkulu kuya ezinkulu, sebenzisa i-epinephrine yakho ngokushesha futhi ucingo izinsiza zokuphuthuma.

Ingabe Uketshezi Lwe-peanut Ne-tree nut Kuhlobene?

Uketshezi lwe-peanut ne-tree nut kuyizimo ezahlukene njengoba ama-peanut empeleni ayizitshalo, hhayi ama-tree nuts. Kodwa-ke, cishe u-25-40% wabantu abane-peanut allergy bane-tree nut allergies, futhi abanye abantu bathuthukisa enye ngemuva kokuba nenye. Uma une-peanut allergy, udokotela wakho angase akukhuthaze ukuhlolwa kwe-tree nut allergies, ikakhulu uma unezimpawu ngemuva kokudla ama-tree nuts.