Uluki Lwesisu Yini? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelapha

Uluki lwesisu yisilonda esivulekile esikhula ekuqaleni kwesisu sakho noma esibindini esincane. Lezi ziqeba ezibuhlungu zenziwa lapho ilayisha elivikela lilimazeke, liyekelise i-asidi yesisu ukuba lidle inyama engaphansi.

Cabanga ngokugqoka kwesisu sakho njengesivikelo esivikelayo esivamise ukugcina i-asidi yokugaya ukudla engathandeki ingakulimazi. Uma lesi sivikelo siwohloka, ama-ulcers angakha futhi abangele ukungakhululeki okukhulu. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi iningi lama-ulcers esisu liyaphilisa ngokuphelele ngokwelashwa okuqondile.

Ziyini izimpawu zoluki lwesisu?

Isimpawu esivamile kakhulu ubuhlungu obuqabula noma obukhulu esiswini sakho esiphezulu, ngokuvamile kuchazwa njengokuzwa njengokulamba okungapheli. Lobu buhlungu ngokuvamile buvela phakathi kokudla noma ebusuku lapho isisu sakho silikhulu.

Ungase uqaphele ezinye izimpawu ezibonisa ukuthi uluki luqala ukukhula. Lezi zimpawu zingase zihluke kumuntu nomuntu, futhi abanye abantu bangase babe nokungakhululeki okuncane kanti abanye bazizwe ubuhlungu obukhulu.

• Ubuhlungu besisu obuqabula obuza nelihamba
• Ukuzizwa ugcwele ngokushesha uma udle
• Ukukhuluphala nokugabha
• Ukuphefumula noma ukugabha
• Ukulahlekelwa ukudla
• Ukulahlekelwa isisindo okungahloseki
• Ukuvuvukala kwesisu noma ukubuyela emuva kwe-asidi

Abanye abantu nabo baye baba nezimpawu ezingavamile njengokukhishwa okumnyama, okufana ne-tar noma ukugabha igazi. Lezi zimpawu zibonisa ukuphuza igazi futhi zidinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha kwezokwelapha.

Ziyini izinhlobo zoluki lwesisu?

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zama-ulcers esisu, ezibizwa ngokuthi lapho zikhula khona ohlelweni lwakho lokugaya ukudla. Indawo ithonya kokubili izimpawu zakho nendlela yokwelapha.

Ama-ulcers esisu akha ekuqaleni kwesisu sakho futhi ngokuvamile abangele ubuhlungu obukhulu uma udle. Ama-ulcers e-duodenal akha ezingxenyeni zokuqala zesibindini sakho esincane futhi ngokuvamile azizwe kangcono uma udle kodwa azwa ubuhlungu uma isisu sakho silikhulu.

Ama-ulcers e-duodenal avame kakhulu kunama-ulcers esisu, athinta abantu abane ngokuphindwe kane. Zombili izinhlobo zingabangela izinkinga ezinzima uma zingaphathwa, kodwa ziphendula kahle ekwelapheni kwamanje kwezokwelapha.

Yini ebangela uluki lwesisu?

Iningi lama-ulcers esisu liqala ngenxa yokutheleleka kwe-bacteria okuthiwa yi-Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) noma ngenxa yokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwama-pain medication athile. Lezi zinto ezimbili zibangela cishe ama-90% azo zonke i-ulcers.

I-bacteria ye-H. pylori ingaphila ekuqaleni kwesisu sakho futhi iyanciphise ukuvikela kwakho okwemvelo e-asidi. Lokhu kutheleleka kukhula ngokudla okungcolile, amanzi, noma ukusondelana nabantu abatheleleke, yize abantu abaningi bephethe i-bacteria ngaphandle kokuthuthukisa ama-ulcers.

Izinto eziningi zingandisa ingozi yakho yokuthuthukisa ama-ulcers, kusukela kwemithi evamile kuya ekukhetheni indlela yokuphila:

• Ukusetshenziswa njalo kwe-NSAIDs njenge-aspirin, i-ibuprofen, noma i-naproxen
• Ukutheleleka kwe-bacteria ye-H. pylori
• Ukusetshenziswa okukhulu kotshwala
• Ukubhema noma ukusetshenziswa kwe-tobacco
• Ukuqina komzimba okukhulu ngenxa yesifo noma ukuhlinzwa
• Imithi ethile njenge-steroids

Ngokuphambene nokuthandwayo, ukudla okunoshukela nokucindezeleka akuqali ama-ulcers, yize kungenza ama-ulcers akhona abe buhlungu kakhulu. Ukutholakala kokuthi i-bacteria ibangela ama-ulcers amaningi kuye kwaguqula ukwelashwa futhi kwathola abacwaningi i-Nobel Prize.

Nini kufanele ubone udokotela ngoluki lwesisu?

Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho uma uhlangabezana nobuhlungu besisu obuqhubekayo obungaphuli nge-antacids ezingaphezulu kwe-counter. Ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kungavimbela izinkinga futhi kukusize uzizwe kangcono ngokushesha.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uqaphela izimpawu zokuqala zezinkinga ezinzima. Lezi zimpawu zibonisa ukuthi uluki lwakho lungase lupheze igazi noma lwenze umgodi odongeni lwesisu lakho.

Shaya izinsizakalo eziphuthumayo noma uhambe esibhedlela ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nokugabha igazi, ukukhishwa okumnyama okufana ne-tar, ubuhlungu besisu obukhulu, noma izimpawu zokushona njengokukhungatheka nokuphefumula okusheshayo. Lezi zimpawu zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo.

Ziyini izinto ezingozi zoluki lwesisu?

Izinto ezithile zenza kube lula ukuba uthuthukise ama-ulcers esisu, yize ukuba nezinto ezingozi akusho ukuthi uzothola uluki. Ukuqonda lezi zinto kungakusiza ukuba wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nempilo yakho.

Ubudala buthatha indima, ngabantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50 abhekene nengozi enkulu, ikakhulukazi ngama-ulcers esisu. Umlando wakho womndeni nawo ubalulekile, njengoba izinto zofuzo zingathinta indlela umzimba wakho uphendula ngayo ekuthelelekeni kwe-H. pylori nokukhiqizwa kwe-asidi yesisu.

• Ubudala obungaphezu kweminyaka engama-50
• Umlando womndeni wama-ulcers
• Ukusetshenziswa njalo kwe-NSAID
• Ukutheleleka kwe-H. pylori
• Ukubhema noma ukusetshenziswa kwe-tobacco
• Ukusetshenziswa okukhulu kotshwala
• Amazinga aphezulu ocindzekeleko
• Izimo zezokwelapha ezithile njengosongo noma isifo sokukhuluphala

Abantu abanezinto ezingozi eziningi kufanele baqaphele ngokukhethekile izimpawu zoluki. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuhlola ingozi yakho ngayinye futhi ancoma izinyathelo zokuvikela uma kudingeka.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingaba khona zoluki lwesisu?

Ngenkathi iningi lama-ulcers liyaphilisa ngaphandle kwezinkinga, izinkinga ezinzima zingase zivele uma ama-ulcers engaqondwa. Lezi zinkinga zivame kakhulu kubantu abadala noma abantu abanama-ulcers abakhulu.

Inkinga evamile kakhulu ukopha igazi, okuvela lapho uluki luqothula imithambo yegazi esiswini sakho noma odongeni lwesibindini sakho. Lokhu kungabangela ukuphuza igazi okungase kube kancane kancane noma ngokushesha futhi kube nzima.

• Ukuphuza igazi okubangela i-anemia
• Ukuqhekeka okwenza umgodi odongeni lwesisu
• Ukuphahlazeka kwe-gastric okuvimba ukudlula kokudla
• I-peritonitis evela ekuqothuleni kwesisu okugeleza esiswini

Ukuqhekeka yinkinga enzima kakhulu, okuvela lapho uluki lushisa ngokuphelele ngodonga lwesisu noma lesibindini. Leli bhubhane lezokwelapha lidinga ukuhlinzwa ngokushesha ukuvimbela ukutheleleka okubulalayo.

Lezi zinkinga zizwa zesabekisa, kodwa zingavikeleka ngokwelashwa okuqondile. Ukwelashwa kwamanje kwe-ulcer kunomphumela omkhulu ekuphileni ama-ulcers nokuvimbela lezi zinkinga ezinzima.

Uluki lwesisu lungavikeleka kanjani?

Unganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho yokuthuthukisa ama-ulcers esisu ngokwenza izinqumo ezihlakaniphile zokuphila futhi uqaphele imithi. Ukuvimbela kuhlala kulula kunokwelapha.

Uma udinga ukuthatha i-NSAIDs njalo, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngemithi evikela noma ezinye izindlela zokunciphisa ubuhlungu. Ukuthatha i-NSAIDs ngokudla nokusebenzisa umthamo omncane onomphumela kungasiza futhi kunciphisa ingozi yakho.

Ukuqeda ukubhema nokulinganisela ukusetshenziswa kotshwala kuyizinyathelo ezibaluleke kakhulu ongazithatha. Zombili izinto zivuvukala ekuqaleni kwesisu lakho futhi zivimbela ukuphulukisa, okwenza kube lula ama-ulcers ukuba akhule futhi kube nzima ukwelapha.

Imikhuba emihle yokuhlanzeka ingasiza ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kwe-H. pylori. Geza izandla zakho kahle ngaphambi kokudla, phuza amanzi ahlanzekile, futhi udle ukudla okulungiselelwe kahle, ikakhulukazi uma uhamba ezindaweni ezinokuhlanzeka okubi.

Uluki lwesisu lutholakala kanjani?

Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokubuza ngezimpawu zakho nomlando wakho wezokwelapha, bese enza ukuhlolwa komzimba egxile esiswini sakho. Bazocindezela kancane ezindaweni ezahlukene ukuhlola ukuzwela noma ubuhlungu.

Izivivinyo eziningi zingakuqinisekisa ukuthi una-ulcer futhi zithole imbangela yayo. Udokotela wakho uzokhetha izivivinyo ezifanele kakhulu ngokusekelwe ezimpawini zakho nezinto ezingozi.

• Izivivinyo zegazi ukuhlola ukutheleleka kwe-H. pylori ne-anemia
• Izivivinyo zesitulo ukuthola i-bacteria ye-H. pylori noma igazi
• Izivivinyo zomoya usebenzisa ikhabhoni ekhethekile ukuthola i-H. pylori
• I-endoscopy ephezulu ukubuka ngqo ekuqaleni kwesisu sakho
• Uchungechunge lwe-GI oluphezulu olusebenzisa i-barium X-rays

I-endoscopy ithathelwa ingqondo njengendlela engcono kakhulu yokuthola ama-ulcers ngoba ivumela udokotela wakho ukuba abone uluki ngqo futhi athathe amasampula enyama uma kudingeka. Le nqubo ngokuvamile yenziwa ngokulala okuncane ukuze uhlale ukhululekile.

Ivivinyo lomoya yindlela elula, engathintiyo yokuthola ukutheleleka kwe-H. pylori. Uzophuza isisombululo esikhethekile bese uphefumula esikhwameni, uvumela odokotela ukuba bamake amagesi athile abonisa ukutheleleka kwe-bacteria.

Ukuphathwa koluki lwesisu yikuphi?

Ukuphathwa kwe-ulcers esisu kugxile ekususeni imbangela futhi kusize uluki lwakho luphile. Iningi lama-ulcers liphendula kahle emithini futhi liyaphilisa ngokuphelele phakathi kwamasonto angu-4-8.

Uma ukutheleleka kwe-H. pylori kukhona, udokotela wakho uzokuncoma ukwelashwa kwe-antibiotic kanye nemithi eyancisha i-asidi. Le ndlela, ebizwa ngokuthi ukwelashwa okutathu noma okune, ikhipha ngempumelelo i-bacteria kubantu abaningi.

Imithi esetshenziswa ekwelapheni ama-ulcers isebenza ngezindlela ezahlukene ukunciphisa i-asidi yesisu nokukhuthaza ukuphulukisa:

• I-proton pump inhibitors ukunciphisa kakhulu ukukhiqizwa kwe-asidi
• I-H2 receptor blockers ukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-asidi
• Ama-antibiotics ukususa i-bacteria ye-H. pylori
• Ama-antacids ukuthola ukukhululeka okusheshayo kwesimpawu
• Izinto ezivikela ukuqopha uluki

Ukuhlinzwa akudingeki kakhulu ngama-ulcers esisu namuhla, ngenxa yemithi ephumelelayo. Noma kunjalo, ukuhlinzwa kungase kudingeke uma uthuthukisa izinkinga njengokopha igazi, ukuqhekeka, noma ukuphahlazeka okungaphenduli kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

Udokotela wakho uzolandelela intuthuko yakho futhi angase aphinde aqhube izivivinyo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uluki luyaphilisa futhi ukutheleleka kwe-H. pylori sekuphelile. Abantu abaningi bazizwa kangcono kakhulu ezinsukwini ezimbalwa nje ngemuva kokuqala ukwelashwa.

Ungawuthatha kanjani ukwelashwa ekhaya ngesikhathi soluki lwesisu?

Ngenkathi ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kubalulekile, ungase usekele inqubo yakho yokuphulukisa ekhaya ngokushintsha okulula kokuphila. Lezi zinyathelo zingasiza ekuqedeni izimpawu nokuvimbela ama-ulcers esikhathi esizayo.

Ukudla okuncane, ukudla okuvamile kungasiza ekuqedeni ukukhiqizwa kwe-asidi yesisu nokunciphisa ubuhlungu. Khetha ukudla okumnandi okulula esiswini sakho, futhi ugweme noma yini eyenza izimpawu zakho zibe zimbi.

Ukuphatha ukucindezeleka ngezindlela zokupumula, ukuzivocavoca njalo, nokulala okwanele kungasekele inqubo yokuphulukisa yomzimba wakho. Ukucindezeleka akuqali ama-ulcers, kodwa kunganciphisa ukuphulukisa futhi kwenze izimpawu zibe zimbi.

Gwema ukubhema futhi ulinganise ukusetshenziswa kotshwala, njengoba zombili zingase zivimbele ukuphulukisa futhi zande ingozi yezinkinga. Uma udinga usizo lokuyeka ukubhema, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezinsiza ezitholakalayo nezinhlelo zokusekela.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho yodokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-aphoyintimenti yakho kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukuxilongwa okuchane kakhulu nencwadi yokwelapha ephumelelayo. Thatha isikhathi sokulungisa imicabango yakho nokuqoqa ulwazi olufanele ngaphambili.

Gcina idayari yesimpawu izinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphambi kwe-aphoyintimenti yakho, uqaphele ukuthi ubuhlungu buvela nini, yini eyenza kube ngcono noma kubi, nanoma yikuphi ukudla noma imisebenzi ebonakala iqhuba izimpawu. Lolu lwazi lusiza udokotela wakho ukuqonda isimo sakho kangcono.

Yenza uhlu lwemithi yonke oyithathayo, kufaka phakathi imithi ezingaphezulu kwe-counter, izithasiselo, nemithi yemifino. Letha amabhodlela angeziwe uma kungenzeka, njengoba lokhu kusiza udokotela wakho ukuthola izimbangela ezingaba khona futhi ugweme ukusebenzisana kwemithi.

Bhala imibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza, njengokuthi yiziphi izivivinyo ongazidinga, ukuthi ukwelashwa kuzothatha isikhathi esingakanani, nezimpawu ezifanele zikukhuthaze ukuba ubhale ucele usizo. Ungakhathazeki ngokubuza imibuzo eminingi kakhulu - udokotela wakho ufuna ukukusiza uqonde isimo sakho.

Yini okufanele uyikhumbule ngoluki lwesisu?

Ama-ulcers esisu avamile kodwa aphatheka kakhulu izimo ezithinta izigidi zabantu emhlabeni jikelele. Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi imithi yanamuhla yenze ama-ulcers angabi yingozi njengoba ayengaka.

Iningi lama-ulcers liyaphilisa ngokuphelele ngokwelashwa okuqondile, futhi ukutholakala kokuthi i-bacteria ibangela ama-ulcers amaningi kuye kwaguqula ukunakekelwa. Awudingi ukuphila nobuhlungu besisu obuqhubekayo noma ukukhathazeka ngezinkinga ezinzima lapho ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kutholakala khona.

Uma uhlangabezana nobuhlungu besisu obuqhubekayo, ungalindi ukufuna usizo lwezokwelapha. Ukuxilongwa kwasekuqaleni nokuphathwa kungavimbela izinkinga futhi kukubuyisele ekuzizweni kwakho okuhle kakhulu. Udokotela wakho unezinsiza eziningi eziphumelelayo zokuxilonga nokuphatha ama-ulcers ngempumelelo.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwa ngoluki lwesisu

Ingabe ukucindezeleka kungabangela ama-ulcers esisu?

Ukucindezeleka akuqali ama-ulcers esisu, kodwa kungenza izimpawu zibe zimbi futhi kunciphisa ukuphulukisa. Izimbangela eziyinhloko ukutheleleka kwe-bacteria ye-H. pylori nokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside kwe-NSAIDs. Noma kunjalo, ukuphatha ukucindezeleko ngezindlela zokupumula nezindlela zokuphila ezinempilo kungasekele ukuphulukisa kwakho nempilo yakho yokugaya ukudla.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuba uluki lwesisu luphile?

Iningi lama-ulcers esisu liyaphilisa phakathi kwamasonto angu-4-8 ngokwelashwa okuqondile. Ama-ulcers e-duodenal ngokuvamile ayaphilisa ngokushesha kunama-ulcers esisu. Udokotela wakho angase aphinde aqhube izivivinyo ngemuva kokwelashwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uluki seluphile ngokuphelele. Ukulandela isimiso sakho semithi nokuqeda izinto ezivuvukalayo kusiza ukuqinisekisa isikhathi esifanele sokuphila.

Ingabe ama-ulcers esisu angabuya ngemuva kokwelashwa?

Ama-ulcers esisu angabuya, ikakhulukazi uma imbangela engaphansi ingakhululwanga ngokuphelele. Uma ukutheleleka kwe-H. pylori kuphelile ngokuphelele, ukubuyela emuva akuvamile. Noma kunjalo, ukuqhubeka nokuthatha i-NSAIDs, ukubhema, noma ukusetshenziswa kotshwala okukhulu kungandisa ingozi yakho yokuthuthukisa ama-ulcers amasha. Ukulandelela njalo nodokotela wakho kusiza ukuvimbela ukubuyela emuva.

Yikuphi ukudla okufanele ngikugweme ngoluki lwesisu?

Ngenkathi akukho ukudla okuthile okubangela ama-ulcers, amanye angenza izimpawu zibe zimbi ngesikhathi sokuphila. Gwema ukudla okunoshukela, izithelo ze-citrus, amatamatisi, ikhofi, notshwala uma zanda ubuhlungu bakho. Gxila ekudleni okumnandi, okulula ukukugaya njenge-bananas, irayisi, i-toast, namaprotheni ahlanzekile. Qaphela izimpendulo zomzimba wakho futhi ugweme noma yini ekwenza uzizwe kubi.

Ingabe ukuhlinzwa kudingeka ngama-ulcers esisu?

Ukuhlinzwa akudingeki kakhulu ngama-ulcers esisu namuhla ngenxa yemithi ephumelelayo. Ngaphansi kwama-5% abantu abanama-ulcers badinga ukuhlinzwa. Ukuhlinzwa kungase kudingeke kuphela uma izinkinga ezinzima zithuthuka, njengokopha igazi okungapheli ngezinye izindlela zokwelapha, ukuqhekeka, noma ukuphahlazeka. Iningi lama-ulcers liyaphilisa ngokuphelele ngemithi kuphela.