Ukutholakala Kwemikhuhlane Yezinsimbi Zokuxhumana? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

Imikhuhlane yezinsimbi zokuxhumana yizinto ezikhula ezikhula phezu noma eduze kwezinsimbi ezingaphandle kwengqondo yakho kanye nomgogodla wakho. Iningi lale mikhuhlane lihle, okusho ukuthi aliyona i-cancer, kodwa lingase libe nokucasula futhi lithonye indlela izingcingo zakho ezisebenza ngayo.

Cabanga ngezinsimbi zakho zokuxhumana njengezingcingo zamandla ezithwala imiyalezo phakathi kwengqondo yakho kanye nezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho. Uma umkhuhlane ukhula kulezi “zingcingo,” ungaphazanyiswa yilezo zibonakaliso ezibalulekile. Nakuba lokhu kungase kubukeke kukhulu, ukuqonda ukuthi kwenzekani kungakusiza uzizwe ukhulu ngokuphatha isimo.

Yini imikhuhlane yezinsimbi zokuxhumana?

Imikhuhlane yezinsimbi zokuxhumana yizinto ezingavamile ezikhula ezinsimbini kulo lonke umzimba wakho, ngaphandle kwalabo abasebuchosheni bakho nasemkhondweni wakho. Le mikhuhlane ingabonakala noma kuphi lapho izingcingo zikhona, kusuka ezandleni nasezinzweni zakho kuya esifubeni sakho.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi cishe i-90% yemikhuhlane yezinsimbi zokuxhumana ilungile. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ayisabali ezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho njengoba i-cancer ingenza. Noma kunjalo, isengase ibe nezingqinamba ngokucindezela ezinsimbini noma ezinye izicubu.

Le mikhuhlane ingase ihluke kakhulu ngobukhulu. Ezinye zincinyane njengobhontshisi, kanti ezinye zingakhula kakhulu. Indawo nobukhulu bavame ukunquma ukuthi yiziphi izimpawu ongazihlangabezana nazo.

Ziyini izimpawu zemikhuhlane yezinsimbi zokuxhumana?

Izimpawu ozibonayo ziyahluka kakhulu kuye ngokuthi umkhuhlane ukhona kuphi futhi yiziphi izingcingo eziwuthintayo. Abantu abaningi baphawula izimpawu kancane kancane, njengoba le mikhuhlane ivame ukukhula kancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Nawa izimpawu ezivamile ongazihlangabezana nazo:

• I-lump noma i-bump engahlungulu ongayizwa ngaphansi kwesikhumba sakho
• Ukuqina noma ukuthamba endaweni ethintekayo
• Ubuthakathaka ezihlangwini ezilawulwa yisinsimbi esithintekayo
• Ubuhlungu obungase bube bukhulu, obushisa, noma obuhlungu
• Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa eminweni, ezinzweni, noma kwezinye izindawo
• Ukuqina kwemisipha noma ukuthamba

Abanye abantu nabo bahlangabezana nezimpawu ezingavamile. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukushintsha kombala wesikhumba noma ukushisa endaweni ethintekayo, noma ukuzwa okufana “nezinzipho” okungapheli.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuthi izimpawu zingase zibe zinobukhulu obukhulu ekuqaleni. Ungase ulahle izimpawu zokuqala njengokucasula okwesikhashana kokulala esimweni esingavamile noma ukucindezela okuncane. Uma izimpawu ziqhubeka noma zibe zimbi, kubalulekile ukuthi zihlolwe.

Ziyini izinhlobo zemikhuhlane yezinsimbi zokuxhumana?

Kunezinhlobo eziningi zemikhuhlane yezinsimbi zokuxhumana, ngayinye inezingqikithi zayo. Ukuqonda uhlobo kungakusiza wazi ukuthi yini okulindelekile nokuthi kungaphathwa kanjani.

Izinhlobo ezivamile ezinhle zihlanganisa:

• Schwannomas - Lezi zikhula ekuvikelweni kwezinsimbi zezinsimbi futhi ngokuvamile zingasuswa ngaphandle kokonakalisa isinsimbi
• Neurofibromas - Lezi zikhula ngaphakathi kwesicubu sesinsimbi futhi kungase kube nzima ukuzisusa ngokuphelele
• Perineuriomas - Lezi azivamile futhi zikhula ezintweni ezisiza ekwakheni isivikelo sesinsimbi

Kukhona nezinhlobo ezimbi ezimbi ezidinga ukwelashwa okunamandla. Lokhu kuhlanganisa imikhuhlane emibi yezinsimbi zokuxhumana, eyi-cancer futhi ingasabalala kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Udokotela wakho anganquma uhlobo oluqondile ngezindlela ezahlukene zokuhlola. Lolu lwazi lusiza ukuqondisa indlela yokwelapha engcono kakhulu yesimo sakho esithile.

Yini ebangela imikhuhlane yezinsimbi zokuxhumana?

Imbangela eqondile yemikhuhlane eminingi yezinsimbi zokuxhumana ayiqondakali, kodwa abacwaningi baye baqaphela izici eziningi ezinikezela. Kwezinye izimo, le mikhuhlane ikhula ngaphandle kwanoma yisiphi isizathu esicacile noma isimo esingaphansi.

Abanye abantu bathuthukisa le mikhuhlane ngenxa yezimo zezofu:

• Neurofibromatosis uhlobo 1 (NF1) - Lesi simo esidluliselwa ngezofu sisanda kakhulu ingozi yokuthuthukisa neurofibromas eminingi
• Neurofibromatosis uhlobo 2 (NF2) - Lesi simo sibangela ikakhulukazi schwannomas, ikakhulukazi lezo ezithinta ukuzwa nezinzwa zokulinganisela
• Schwannomatosis - Isimo esingavamile esibangela schwannomas eminingi kulo lonke umzimba

Ezinye izici ezinikezela ezingase zibe khona zihlanganisa ukwelashwa kwangaphambili kwe-radiation, ukukhishwa kwezinto ezithile, nokuvuvukala okuqhubekayo kwesinsimbi. Noma kunjalo, abantu abaningi abathuthukisa imikhuhlane yezinsimbi zokuxhumana abanawo noma yimuphi walawa ma-risk factors.

Ubudala bungase futhi bube nomthelela, ngezinhlobo ezithile ezivame kakhulu emaqunwini ezinyanga ezithile. Ngokwesibonelo, i-schwannomas ivame ukuvela kubantu abadala abaphakathi, kanti ezinye i-neurofibromas zingase zikhule ebuntwaneni.

Nini okufanele ubona udokotela ngemikhuhlane yezinsimbi zokuxhumana?

Kufanele uhlele i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho uma uqaphela noma yikuphi ukuqina okuqhubekayo, i-bumps, noma izimpawu zezinzwa. Ukuhlolwa kwangaphambili kungasiza ekuqondeni ukuthi ingabe ucwaningo olwengeziwe luyadingeka.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha uma uhlangabezana nalokhu okulandelayo:

• I-lump noma i-mass ekhula noma kuphi emzimbeni wakho
• Ukuqina noma ukuthamba okuqhubekayo okungathuthuki
• Ubuthakathaka obukhula ezandleni, ezinzweni, noma kwezinye izindawo
• Ubuhlungu obuphazamisa imisebenzi yansuku zonke
• Ukushintsha kokuzwa okuthonya ikhono lakho lokusebenza ngokujwayelekile

Ukukhathalela kwezokwelapha okusheshayo kuyadingeka uma uthuthukisa izimpawu ezinkulu. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ubuthakathaka obukhulu obuzumayo, ukulahlekelwa ngokuphelele kokuzwa, noma ubuhlungu obukhula ngokushesha.

Ungakhathazeki ngokuphazamisa udokotela wakho ngalezi zinkathazo. Abahlinzeki bezempilo bangathanda kakhulu ukuhlola into ebonakala ingenangozi kunokushiya into edinga ukunakekelwa.

Ziyini izici ezingase zikhulise ingozi yemikhuhlane yezinsimbi zokuxhumana?

Izici eziningi zingase zikhulise amathuba akho okuthuthukisa imikhuhlane yezinsimbi zokuxhumana. Ukuqonda lezi zici ezingase zikhulise ingozi kungakusiza uhlale uqaphile izimpawu ezingase zibe khona futhi ufune ukunakekelwa okufanele.

Izici ezibaluleke kakhulu ezingase zikhulise ingozi zihlanganisa:

• Umlando womndeni - Ukuba nohlobo oluthile lomndeni olunezimo zezofu njenge-neurofibromatosis
• Ukukhishwa kwe-radiation kwangaphambili - Ikakhulukazi ukwelashwa kwe-radiation ngenxa ye-cancer
• Ubudala - Imikhuhlane eminingi yezinsimbi zokuxhumana ikhula kubantu abadala abaphakathi kweminyaka engu-20 no-50
• Isimo sezofu - Neurofibromatosis uhlobo 1 no-2, kanye ne-schwannomatosis

Ezinye izici ezingavamile ezingase zikhulise ingozi zihlanganisa ukukhishwa kwezinto ezithile kanye nokuhlupheka kokukhuluphuka komzimba. Noma kunjalo, abantu abaningi abanawo la ma-risk factors abathuthukisi imikhuhlane yezinsimbi zokuxhumana.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukuba nezici ezingase zikhulise ingozi akusho ukuthi uzokuthuthukisa umkhuhlane ngokuqinisekile. Abantu abaningi abanawo ama-risk factors amaningi bahlala bephilile ngokuphelele, kanti abanye abangenazo izici ezingase zikhulise ingozi bayathuthukisa imikhuhlane.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zibe khona ngemikhuhlane yezinsimbi zokuxhumana?

Nakuba imikhuhlane eminingi yezinsimbi zokuxhumana ilungile futhi ilawuleka, ngezinye izikhathi ingase iholele ezingxabanweni ezithinta ikhwalithi yakho yokuphila. Ukuqonda lezi zinto ezingase zenzeke kungakusiza usebenze neqembu lakho lezempilo ukuze uzivimbele noma uzilawule ngokuphumelelayo.

Izinkinga ezivamile ongazihlangabezana nazo zihlanganisa:

• Ukonakala okungapheli kwesinsimbi - Imikhuhlane emikhulu ingacindezela izingcingo isikhathi eside, okungase kube nokucasula okungapheli
• Ukuhluleka kokusebenza - Ubuthakathaka noma ukuqina okuphazamisa imisebenzi yansuku zonke njengokubhala, ukuhamba, noma ukubamba izinto
• Ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo - Ukucasula okuqhubekayo okungase kudinge amasu okuphatha ubuhlungu isikhathi eside
• Ukuphinda kuvela ngemva kokwelashwa - Eminye imikhuhlane ingase ikhule futhi, ikakhulukazi uma ingasuswa ngokuphelele

Izinkinga ezingavamile kodwa ezingathi sína zingase zenzeke ngemikhuhlane emibi. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise i-cancer esabalala kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho noma idinga ukwelashwa okunamandla njenge-chemotherapy noma i-radiation.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ngokubeka iliso okufanele nokwelashwa, izinkinga eziningi zingavikelwa noma zinciphisiwe. Iqembu lakho lezempilo lizo sebenza nawe ukuze lenze uhlelo oluthuthukisa lezi zingqinamba ngenkathi ligcina ikhwalithi yakho yokuphila.

Imikhuhlane yezinsimbi zokuxhumana ingavikelwa kanjani?

Ngeshwa, imikhuhlane eminingi yezinsimbi zokuxhumana ayikwazi ukuvinjelwa njengoba izimbangela zayo eziqondile ngokuvamile zingaziwa. Noma kunjalo, kunezinyathelo ezithile ongazithatha ukuze unciphise ingozi yakho futhi ubone izinkinga ngokushesha.

Uma unezimo zezofu njenge-neurofibromatosis, ukubeka iliso okuqhubekayo kubalulekile. Udokotela wakho angakuncoma amashejuli okuskena futhi abheke izimpawu zokuqala zokuthuthukiswa komkhuhlane.

Izinyathelo zempilo jikelele ezingasiza zihlanganisa ukuqeda ukukhishwa kwe-radiation okungadingekile nokugcina impilo enhle jikelele. Nakuba lokhu kungalwazi ukuqinisekisa ukuvimbela, kusekela ikhono lomzimba wakho lokugcina izicubu eziphilile.

Kwabantu abanomlando womndeni walawa masimo, ukwelulekwa kwezofu kungaba yigugu. Umluleki wezofu angakusiza uqonde izingozi zakho futhi wenze izinqumo ezilwemi mayelana nokubeka iliso nokucwaninga komndeni.

Imikhuhlane yezinsimbi zokuxhumana ihlonishwa kanjani?

Ukuhlonishwa kwemikhuhlane yezinsimbi zokuxhumana ngokuvamile kuhlanganisa izinyathelo eziningi, kuqala ngomlando wezokwelapha ophelele kanye nokuhlolwa komzimba. Udokotela wakho uzothanda ukuqonda izimpawu zakho, lapho zaqala nini, nokuthi zishintshe kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Inqubo yokuhlola ngokuvamile ihlanganisa:

1. Ukuhlolwa komzimba - Udokotela wakho uzohlola i-lumps, ahlole ama-reflexes akho, futhi ahlole amandla emisipha kanye nokuzwa
2. Izifundo zokuthola izithombe - I-MRI scans inikeza izithombe eziningiliziwe zezicubu ezithambile futhi ingabonisa ubukhulu bomkhuhlane nendawo
3. Izifundo zokuphatha izingcingo - Lezi zivivinyo zilinganisa ukuthi izingcingo zakho zisebenza kangcono kangakanani
4. Biopsy - Isampula encane yesicubu ingase ithathwe ukuze ibonise uhlobo oluqondile lomkhuhlane

Udokotela wakho angase futhi ahlele ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze ahlole izimo zezofu noma ezinye izinkinga zempilo ezingaphansi. I-CT scans noma i-ultrasounds ingase isetshenziswe kwezinye izimo ukuze uthole ulwazi olwengeziwe.

Yonke inqubo yokuhlola ingathatha amasonto amaningana, kuye ngokuthi yiziphi izivivinyo ezidingekayo. Iqembu lakho lezempilo lizokugcina likwaziswe ngalokho okuhilelekile kuyo yonke i-test nokuthi nini ungalindela imiphumela.

Ukuphathwa kwemikhuhlane yezinsimbi zokuxhumana kuyini?

Ukuphathwa kwemikhuhlane yezinsimbi zokuxhumana kuyahluka kuye ngezici eziningi, kuhlanganise ubukhulu bomkhuhlane, indawo, uhlobo, nokuthi bubangela izimpawu yini. Imikhuhlane eminingi emincane, engabangeli izimpawu, ihlala ibekwa iliso kunokuba iphathwe ngokushesha.

Amathuba akho okwelashwa angase ahlanganise:

• Ukuqapha - Ukubeka iliso okuqhubekayo ngokuhlolwa okuqhubekayo nezifundo zokuthola izithombe
• Ukususwa ngokusebenza - Ukususwa okuphelele noma okungaphelele komkhuhlane, kuye ngendawo yawo nobuhlobo bawo nezinsimbi ezizungezile
• Ukwelashwa kwe-radiation - Kusetshenziswa emikhuhlaneni engasuswa ngokuphelele ngokusebenza
• Ukuphatha ubuhlungu - Imithi nezinye izindlela zokwelapha ukulawula ukucasula

Ukusebenza ngokuvamile kuyindlela yokuqala yokwelapha imikhuhlane ebangela izimpawu ezinkulu. Udokotela wakho uzohlela inqubo ngokucophelela ukuze asuswe umkhuhlane ngokuphelele ngangokunokwenzeka ngenkathi egcina ukusebenza kwesinsimbi.

Kwemikhuhlane emibi, ukwelashwa kungase kube namandla futhi kungase kuhlanganise i-chemotherapy kanye nokusebenza ne-radiation. Iqembu lakho le-oncology lizokwenza uhlelo lokwelapha oluphelele olufanele isimo sakho esithile.

Indlela yokuphatha izimpawu ekhaya ngesikhathi sokwelashwa?

Ngesikhathi uthola ukwelashwa kwemikhuhlane yezinsimbi zokuxhumana, kunezinto eziningi ongazenza ekhaya ukuze usize ulawule izimpawu futhi usekele ukubuyiselwa kwakho. Lezi zindlela zingase zengeze ekwelapheni kwakho kwezokwelapha futhi zithuthukise induduzo yakho jikelele.

Amasu okuphatha ubuhlungu ongazama kuhlanganisa:

• Ukubekisa iqhwa noma ukushisa ezindaweni ezithintekayo njengoba kunconywe udokotela wakho
• Ukuzivocavoca okuthambile ukuze ugcine ukuguquguquka
• Imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu oyithengayo njengoba kuvunyelwe yiqembu lakho lezempilo
• Amasu okuphumula njengokuphefumula okujulile noma ukuzindla

Uma uhlangabezana nokuqina noma ubuthakathaka, gxila ezinyathelweni zokuphepha. Susa izinto ezingase zikwenze ukhubeke ekhaya lakho, sebenzisa ama-handrails ezinsizeni, futhi cabanga ngezinto ezisiza uma kunconywe udokotela wakho noma umhlengikazi wezokwelapha.

Ukugcina impilo enhle jikelele ngokudla okufanele, ukulala okwanele, kanye nokuzivocavoca okuthambile kungase futhi kusekele inqubo yokwelapha yomzimba wakho. Hlala ukhulumisana neqembu lakho lezempilo ngaphambi kokuqala imisebenzi emisha noma ukwelashwa.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho nodokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-aphoyintimenti yakho kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola okuningi kakhulu ngesikhathi sakho nomhlinzeki wakho wezokwelapha. Ukulungiselela okuhle futhi kusiza udokotela wakho ukuthi aqonde kangcono isimo sakho futhi anikeze ukunakekelwa okufanele.

Ngaphambi kwe-aphoyintimenti yakho, buza ulwazi olubalulekile:

1. Bhala zonke izimpawu zakho, kuhlanganise lapho zaqala nini nokuthi zishintshe kanjani
2. Bala yonke imithi, izithasiselo, namavithamini owaqabula
3. Lungiselela umlando womndeni wezokwelapha, ikakhulukazi uqaphele noma yiziphi izimo zezofu
4. Letha noma yimiphi imiphumela yokuhlola yangaphambili noma izifundo zokuthola izithombe
5. Bhala imibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza

Cabanga ngokuletha ilungu lomndeni noma umngani ukuze akusize ukukhumbula ulwazi olubalulekile oluxoxwe ngesikhathi se-aphoyintimenti. Bangase futhi banikeze ukwesekwa ngokomzwelo ngesikhathi esingase sibe yisikhathi esicindezelayo.

Cabanga ngendlela izimpawu zakho ezithinta ngayo impilo yakho yansuku zonke futhi ube ulungele ukuchaza le miphumela. Lolu lwazi lusiza udokotela wakho ukuthi aqonde ukubaluleka kwesimo sakho futhi ahlele ukwelashwa okufanele.

Yini eyisifundo esiyinhloko mayelana nemikhuhlane yezinsimbi zokuxhumana?

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi imikhuhlane yezinsimbi zokuxhumana ngokuvamile ilungile futhi ilawuleka. Nakuba ingase ibe nezimpawu ezinkulu, abantu abaningi abanawo lawa masimo bangagcina ikhwalithi enhle yokuphila ngokunakekelwa okufanele.

Ukuhlolwa kwangaphambili nokwelashwa ngokuvamile kuholela emiphumeleni emihle. Uma uqaphela izimpawu zezinzwa eziqhubekayo noma i-lumps engavamile, unganqikazi ukufuna ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha. Iqembu lakho lezempilo linamathuluzi amaningi atholakalayo ukuze likusize uhlonze futhi welaphe lawa masimo ngokuphumelelayo.

Khumbula ukuthi awuwedwa ekubhekaneni nalesi simo. Abahlinzeki bakho bezempilo, umndeni, nabangane bangasekele ekuhambeni kwakho. Ngokunakekelwa okufanele nokubeka iliso, abantu abaningi abane-peripheral nerve tumors bangaqhubeka bephila impilo esebenzayo, ezele.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwa mayelana nemikhuhlane yezinsimbi zokuxhumana

Ingabe imikhuhlane yezinsimbi zokuxhumana ihlala iyona i-cancer?

Cha, cishe i-90% yemikhuhlane yezinsimbi zokuxhumana ilungile, okusho ukuthi aliyona i-cancer. Le mikhuhlane engelona i-cancer ayisabali ezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho, nakuba isengase ibe nezimpawu ngokucindezela ezinsimbini noma ezicubwini ezizungezile. Udokotela wakho anganquma ukuthi umkhuhlane ulungile yini noma mubi ngezindlela ezahlukene zokuhlola nokucwaninga.

Ingabe imikhuhlane yezinsimbi zokuxhumana ingase iphele yodwa?

Imikhuhlane yezinsimbi zokuxhumana ngokuvamile ayipheli ngaphandle kokwelashwa. Noma kunjalo, imikhuhlane eminingi emincane engabangeli izimpawu ingase ibekwe iliso ngokuphepha kunokuba iphathwe ngokushesha. Udokotela wakho uzokuncoma ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi umkhuhlane awukhula noma awubangeli izinkinga ezintsha. Uma izimpawu zikhula noma umkhuhlane ukhula, amathuba okwelapha angaxoxwa.

Ingabe ngizodinga ukusebenza ngemikhuhlane yami yezinsimbi zokuxhumana?

Ukusebenza akudingeki njalo ngemikhuhlane yezinsimbi zokuxhumana. Isinqumo siyancika ezicini ezifana nobukhulu bomkhuhlane, indawo, izimpawu eziyibangelayo, kanye nempilo yakho jikelele. Imikhuhlane eminingi emincane, engabangeli izimpawu, ihlala ibekwa iliso ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Iqembu lakho lezempilo lizokusiza uqonde ukuthi ukusebenza kunconywe yini esimweni sakho esithile.

Ingabe imikhuhlane yezinsimbi zokuxhumana ingase ithonye ikhono lami lokusebenza?

Umphumela emsebenzini wakho uyancika endaweni yomkhuhlane kanye nezimpawu eziyibangelayo. Abantu abaningi abane-peripheral nerve tumors baqhubeka besebenza ngokujwayelekile. Noma kunjalo, uma umkhuhlane uthinta ukusebenza kwesandla, ukuhamba, noma ubangela ubuhlungu obukhulu, ungase udinge ukulungiswa kwendawo yokusebenza noma ukuguqulwa okwesikhashana kwemisebenzi yakho. Xoxa nganoma yiziphi izinkathazo ezihlobene nomsebenzi nodokotela wakho.

Ingabe kuyizofu uma nginemikhuhlane eminingi yezinsimbi zokuxhumana?

Ukuba nemikhuhlane eminingi yezinsimbi zokuxhumana kungase kuphakamise isimo sezofu njenge-neurofibromatosis. Noma kunjalo, lokhu akuyona njalo, njengoba abanye abantu bathuthukisa imikhuhlane eminingi ngaphandle kwanoma yisiphi i-syndrome yezofu engaphansi. Udokotela wakho angase akuncome ukuhlolwa kwezofu noma ukwelulekwa ukuze ubone ukuthi kukhona yini izingxenye zezofu. Lolu lwazi lungase lube lubalulekile ohlelweni lwakho lokwelapha nezinqumo zokucwaninga komndeni.