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Izimpukane Ze-Pituitary

Uhlolojikelele

Ama-tumors e-pituitary yi-tumors ezikhahlela e-pituitary gland eduze kwengqondo. Lezi tumors zingabangela ukushintsha amazinga e-hormone. Lesi siboniso sibonisa i-tumor encane, ebizwa ngokuthi yi-microadenoma.

Ama-tumors e-pituitary yizinto ezikhula ngokungajwayelekile ezikhula e-pituitary gland. Le gland iyilungu elingalingana nobukhulu bebhontshisi. Ikhona ngemuva kwempumulo phansi kwengqondo. Ezinye zalezi tumors zenza i-pituitary gland yenze okuningi kwe-hormones ethile elawula imisebenzi ebalulekile yomzimba. Ezinye zingabangela i-pituitary gland ukuba yenze kancane kulezo hormones.

Iningi lama-tumors e-pituitary libenign. Lokho kusho ukuthi alisiye i-cancer. Elinye igama lalezi tumors ezingesiye i-cancer yi-pituitary adenomas. Iningi lama-adenomas lihlala e-pituitary gland noma esicutshini esizungezile, futhi likhula kancane. Ngokuvamile awasabeli ezingxenyeni ezinye zomzimba.

Ama-tumors e-pituitary angaphathwa ngezindlela eziningi. I-tumor ingasuswa ngokuthi kwenziwe u-opereysheni. Noma ukukhula kwayo kungalawulwa ngemithi noma i-radiation therapy. Ngezinye izikhathi, amazinga e-hormone alawulwa ngemithi. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angakuncoma ukuhlanganiswa kwalokhu kuphathwa. Kwezinye izimo, ukubuka — okubizwa nangokuthi indlela ethi "linda ubone" — kungaba yikhetho elifanele.

Izinhlobo zama-pituitary adenomas zihlanganisa:

  • Ezikhipha izinto. Lezi adenomas zenza i-hormones. Zibangela izimpawu ezahlukene kuye ngohlobo lwe-hormones ezenza. Ama-pituitary adenomas asebenza ahlukaniswe izigaba eziningi, kuhlanganise nalabo abenza:
    • I-Adrenocorticotropic hormone. Le hormone iyaziwa nangokuthi yi-ACTH. Lezi tumors ngezinye izikhathi zibizwa ngokuthi yi-corticotroph adenomas.
    • I-Growth hormone. Lezi tumors zibizwa ngokuthi yi-somatotroph adenomas.
    • I-Luteinizing hormone ne-follicle-stimulating hormone. Lezi hormones ziyaziwa nangokuthi yi-gonadotropins. Ama-pituitary tumors ezenza lezi hormones zibizwa ngokuthi yi-gonadotroph adenomas.
    • I-Prolactin. Lezi tumors zibizwa ngokuthi yi-prolactinomas noma i-lactotroph adenomas.
    • I-Thyroid-stimulating hormone. Lezi tumors zibizwa ngokuthi yi-thyrotroph adenomas.
  • I-Adrenocorticotropic hormone. Le hormone iyaziwa nangokuthi yi-ACTH. Lezi tumors ngezinye izikhathi zibizwa ngokuthi yi-corticotroph adenomas.
  • I-Growth hormone. Lezi tumors zibizwa ngokuthi yi-somatotroph adenomas.
  • I-Luteinizing hormone ne-follicle-stimulating hormone. Lezi hormones ziyaziwa nangokuthi yi-gonadotropins. Ama-pituitary tumors ezenza lezi hormones zibizwa ngokuthi yi-gonadotroph adenomas.
  • I-Prolactin. Lezi tumors zibizwa ngokuthi yi-prolactinomas noma i-lactotroph adenomas.
  • I-Thyroid-stimulating hormone. Lezi tumors zibizwa ngokuthi yi-thyrotroph adenomas.
  • Ama-Macroadenomas. Lezi yi-adenomas ezinkulu. Zilinganisa cishe i-sentimitha eyodwa noma ngaphezulu. Lokho kuncane kunesentimitha enguhafu. Zingasebenza noma zingasebenzi.
  • Ama-Microadenomas. Lezi adenomas zincinyane. Zilinganisa ngaphansi kwesentimitha eyodwa. Lokho kuncane kunesentimitha enguhafu. Zingasebenza noma zingasebenzi.
  • I-Adrenocorticotropic hormone. Le hormone iyaziwa nangokuthi yi-ACTH. Lezi tumors ngezinye izikhathi zibizwa ngokuthi yi-corticotroph adenomas.
  • I-Growth hormone. Lezi tumors zibizwa ngokuthi yi-somatotroph adenomas.
  • I-Luteinizing hormone ne-follicle-stimulating hormone. Lezi hormones ziyaziwa nangokuthi yi-gonadotropins. Ama-pituitary tumors ezenza lezi hormones zibizwa ngokuthi yi-gonadotroph adenomas.
  • I-Prolactin. Lezi tumors zibizwa ngokuthi yi-prolactinomas noma i-lactotroph adenomas.
  • I-Thyroid-stimulating hormone. Lezi tumors zibizwa ngokuthi yi-thyrotroph adenomas.

Ama-tumors e-pituitary ahlukile kuma-pituitary cysts. I-cyst iyisaka elingagcwaliswa umoya, i-fluid noma ezinye izinto. I-tumor yisisindo esingajwayelekile se-cells esingakhula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ama-cysts angakha phezu noma eduze kwe-pituitary gland, kodwa awasiye ama-tumors noma ama-adenomas.

Izimpawu

Akuwo wonke ama-pituitary tumors abawubangele izimpawu. Ngezinye izikhathi lezi tumors zitholakala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-imaging, njenge-MRI noma i-CT scan, okwenziwa ngenye isizathu. Uma zingabangeli izimpawu, ama-pituitary tumors ngokuvamile awadingi ukwelashwa. Izimpawu ze-pituitary tumor zingabangelwa yi-tumor ecindezela ubuchopho noma ezinye izingxenye zomzimba eziseduze. Izimpawu zingabangelwa futhi ukungalingani kwamahomoni. Amazinga e-hormone angakhuphuka uma i-pituitary tumor yenza okuningi kweyodwa noma ngaphezulu kwamahomoni. Noma i-tumor enkulu ephazamisa indlela i-pituitary gland esebenza ngayo ingabangela amazinga e-hormone ukuba wehle. Ama-Macroadenomas angacindezela i-pituitary gland, izinzwa, ubuchopho nezinye izingxenye zomzimba eziseduze. Lokho kungabangela izimpawu ezinjengalezi: Ukuphefumula. Izinkinga zamehlo ngenxa yokucindezela enerveni ye-optic, ikakhulu ukulahlekelwa umbono wecala, okuthiwa futhi umbono ophakathi, kanye nokubona okubili. Ubuhlungu ebusweni, ngezinye izikhathi kuhlanganise ubuhlungu besinus noma ubuhlungu lwendlebe. I-eyelid ehlala phansi. Ukubamba. Ukuphefumula nokugabha. Ama-Macroadenomas anganciphisa ikhono le-pituitary gland lokwenza ama-hormone. Uma lokho kwenzeka, izimpawu zingafaka: Ukukhathala noma ubuthakathaka. Ukungabi namandla. Izinkinga zobulili, njengezinkinga zokumisa kanye nokunciphisa isithakazelo ebulilini. Ukushintsha kwemijikelezo yeminyaka. Ukuphefumula. Ukuzizwa ubandayo. Ukulahlekelwa noma ukuzuza isisindo ngaphandle kokuzimisela. Ama-adenomas asebenza kahle e-pituitary ngokuvamile enza inani elikhulu le-hormone eyodwa. Lokho kubonakalisa umzimba amazinga aphezulu ale hormone. Ngokungavamile, i-pituitary adenoma ingenza ngaphezulu kweyodwa i-hormone. Izinhlobo ezilandelayo zama-functioning pituitary adenomas zibangela izimpawu ezahlukene kuye ngamahomoni awenzayo. Ama-pituitary tumors enza i-adrenocorticotropic hormone abizwa ngama-corticotroph adenomas. I-Adrenocorticotropic hormone, ebizwa nangokuthi i-ACTH, ibangela ama-adrenal glands ukuba enze i-hormone cortisol. Ama-ACTH tumors aqalisa ama-adrenal glands ukuba enze i-cortisol eningi kakhulu. Lokhu kubangela isimo esibizwa nge-Cushing disease. I-Cushing disease iyimbangela eyodwa ye-Cushing syndrome. Izimpawu ze-Cushing disease zihlanganisa: Ukuzuza isisindo kanye nokugcinwa kwamafutha emizimba ezungezile i-midsection kanye ne-upper back. Ubuso obuqoshiwe. Ama-stretch marks. Isikhumba esincinci esiqunywako kalula. Ukuncipha kwama-arms kanye nezinyawo ngokubuthakathaka kwemisipha. Uboya bomzimba obukhulu noma obukhulu. Ukululama kancane kwezicucu, ukukhonjwa kwezinambuzane nokutheleleka. Izindawo zesikhumba esimnyama. Ukukhishwa. Ukushintsha kwemijikelezo yeminyaka. Izinkinga zobulili, kuhlanganise izinkinga zokumisa kanye nokunciphisa isithakazelo ebulilini. Ama-pituitary tumors enza i-growth hormone abizwa nangokuthi ama-growth hormone-secreting tumors noma ama-somatotroph adenomas. I-growth hormone eningi kakhulu iholela esimweni esaziwa ngokuthi yi-acromegaly. I-Acromegaly ingabangela: Ukushintsha ezindabeni zobuso, kuhlanganise izindebe ezinkulu, impumulo nolwimi; i-jaw ephansi ende; kanye nezindawo ezibanzi phakathi kwamazinyo. Ukukhula kwezandla nezinyawo. Isikhumba esikhulu. Ukukhishwa okuningi kanye nokunuka komzimba. Ubuhlungu be-joint. Izwi elikhulu. Abantwana nabantu abasebasha abana-growth hormone eningi kakhulu bangakhula ngokushesha noma babedephe kuneqembu. Lesi simo sibizwa ngokuthi yi-gigantism. I-Luteinizing hormone (LH) ne-follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) ziyaziwa nangokuthi yi-gonadotropins. Ama-pituitary tumors enza la mahomoni abizwa ngama-gonadotroph adenomas. Akukho ukuvamile kula ma-adenomas ukwenza ama-hormone amaningi kakhulu bese aqalisa izimpawu. Esikhundleni salokho, izimpawu kula ma-adenomas ngokuvamile zibangelwa ukucindezela kwe-tumor. Uma izimpawu zenzeka ngenxa ye-LH ne-FSH eningi kakhulu, zithinta abesifazane nabesilisa ngokuhlukile. Izimpawu kwabesifazane zingafaka: Ukushintsha kwemijikelezo yeminyaka. Izinkinga zokuzala. Ukukhula nobuhlungu ema-ovari okubangelwa yisimo esibizwa nge-ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome. Izimpawu kwabesilisa zingafaka: Ama-testicles amakhulu. Amazinga aphezulu e-testosterone. La ma-adenomas abizwa ngama-prolactinomas. Okuningi kakhulu kwe-hormone prolactin kungabangela ukwehla kwamazinga e-hormone ebulilini emzimbeni - i-estrogen ne-testosterone. Okuningi kakhulu kwe-prolactin kuthinta abesifazane nabesilisa ngokuhlukile. Kwabesifazane, okuningi kakhulu kwe-prolactin kungabangela: Imijikelezo yeminyaka engavamile. Ukungabi khona kwemijikelezo yeminyaka. Ukukhishwa okumhlophe emazinini. Ubuhlungu bezinono. Izinkinga zokuzala. Ukunciphisa isithakazelo ebulilini. Kwabesilisa, okuningi kakhulu kwe-prolactin kungabangela isimo esibizwa nge-male hypogonadism. Izimpawu zingafaka: Izinkinga zokumisa. Ukunciphisa isithakazelo ebulilini. Ukukhula kwezinono. Izinkinga zokuzala. Uboya bomzimba nobuso obuncane. Ama-pituitary tumors enza i-thyroid-stimulating hormone abizwa ngama-thyrotroph adenomas. Angabhekwa nangokuthi yi-thyroid-stimulating hormone-secreting tumors. Abangela i-thyroid gland ukuba enze okuningi kakhulu kwe-hormone thyroxine, ebizwa nangokuthi yi-T-4. Lokho kuholela esimweni esibizwa nge-hyperthyroidism, esaziwa nangokuthi yi-overactive thyroid disease. I-Hyperthyroidism ingasheshisa ukuguqulwa komzimba okubangela izimpawu eziningi. Ezinye zezivamile kakhulu zihlanganisa: Ukulahlekelwa isisindo. Ukuphefumula okusheshayo noma okungavamile. Ukukhathazeka, ukukhathazeka noma ukucasuka. Ukukhishwa kwesisu njalo. Ukukhishwa. Ukuxubha. Izinkinga zokulala. Uma uthuthukisa izimpawu ezingase zihambisane ne-pituitary tumor, bheka umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo. Ukwelashwa kwama-pituitary tumors ngokuvamile kungaletha ama-hormone emuva ezingeni elihle futhi kululamise izimpawu. Nakuba kunqabile, amanye ama-pituitary tumors ayizefa. Lokho kusho ukuthi agijima emindenini. Ngokuqondile, isifo esidluliselwa ezizukulwaneni esibizwa nge-multiple endocrine neoplasia, uhlobo 1 (MEN 1) singabangela ama-pituitary tumors. Uma i-MEN 1 igijima emndenini wakho, khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ngokuvivinya okungasiza ukuthola i-pituitary tumor ngokushesha.

Isikhathi sokubona udokotela

Uma uthuthukisa izimpawu ezingase zihambisane ne-tumor ye-pituitary, bheka umhlinzeki wakho wezinsizakalo zezempilo. Ukwelashwa kwe-tumors ye-pituitary kuvame ukubuyisela ama-hormone ezingeni elihle futhi kuphazamise izimpawu.Nakuba kunqabile, ezinye i-tumors ze-pituitary ziyefa. Lokho kusho ukuthi zigijima emindenini. Ngokuqondile, isifo esidluliselwa ezizukulwaneni esibizwa nge-multiple endocrine neoplasia, uhlobo 1 (MEN 1) singabangela i-tumors ye-pituitary. Uma i-MEN 1 igijima emndenini wakho, khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezinsizakalo zezempilo mayelana nezivivinyo ezingakusiza ukuthola i-tumor ye-pituitary ngokushesha.Bhalisela mahhala bese uthola okwakamuva mayelana nokuphathwa kwe-tumor yengqondo, ukuxilongwa nokuhlinzwa.

Izimbangela

Iglands ye-pituitary iwumzimba omncane onobubanzi obufana ne-pea. Ikhona ngemuva kwempumulo phansi kwengqondo. Naphezu kokuba mncane, iglands ye-pituitary inomphumela cishe kuwo wonke amalungu omzimba. Ama-hormone akwenza alawula imisebenzi ebalulekile yomzimba, njengokukhula, ukucindezeleka kwegazi nokuzala. Imbangela yokukhula kweeseli ezingalawulekiyo e-glands ye-pituitary, okwenza i-tumor, ayaziwa. Kwezinye izimo ezingavamile, ama-tumor e-pituitary angabangelwa yi-genes oyizuzile. Kodwa uninzi alunangxenye ebonakalayo yokufaziselwa. Noma kunjalo, ososayensi bacabanga ukuthi ukuguquka kwe-genes kungadlala indima ebalulekile endleleni ama-tumor e-pituitary aqala ngayo.

Izici eziyingozi

Abantu abaningi ababa nezinhlungu ze-pituitary abanawo amanye amaphuzu afaka engozini enkulu yokuthuthukisa lezi zinhlobo zezifo. Isimo sezulu kanye nokuziphatha empilweni kubonakala sengathi akunamthelela engozini yomuntu yezifo ze-pituitary.

Nakuba kubonakala sengathi igenetics idlala indima, abantu abaningi abanezinhlungu ze-pituitary abanawo umlando wemindeni yazo.

Amaphoyinti kuphela okuthiwa ayingozi yizimo ezimbalwa eziyizizukulwane ezikhuphula ingozi yezinkinga eziningi zempilo, kufaka phakathi izifo ze-pituitary. Lezi zimo zihlanganisa:

  • I-Multiple endocrine neoplasia, uhlobo 1, ebizwa nangokuthi yi-MEN 1.
  • I-Multiple endocrine neoplasia, uhlobo 4, ebizwa nangokuthi yi-MEN 4.
  • I-Carney complex.
  • I-McCune-Albright syndrome.
Izingqinamba

Ama-tumour e-pituitary avambe ukuya kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Kodwa-ke, angathinta impilo yomuntu. Ama-tumour e-pituitary angabangela:

  • Izinkinga zombono, kufaka phakathi ukulahlekelwa umbono.
  • I-shuga egazini ephakeme.
  • Ukulahleka kwamathambo.
  • Izinkinga zenhliziyo.
  • Izinkinga zokucabanga nokukhumbula.

Ukuba ne-tumour ye-pituitary noma ukususa ngokuhlinzwa kungashintsha unikezo lwehomoni lomzimba wakho unomphela. Ngenxa yalokho, ungase udinga ukwelashwa kokufakelwa kwehomoni ukuphila kwakho konke.

Ukuqina okungavamile kodwa okungaba yingozi ye-tumour ye-pituitary yi-pituitary apoplexy. Lokhu kwenzeka uma kukhona ukuphuza igazi ngokuzumayo ku-tumour. Izimpawu zihlanganisa:

  • Ubuhlungu obukhulu ekhanda, mhlawumbe obukhulu kunakuke waba nakho ngaphambili.
  • Izinkinga zombono wakho, kufaka phakathi ukubona okubili noma ukulahlekelwa umbono olulodwa noma womabili amehlo.
  • Ukuphefumula nokugabha.
  • Ukudinwa noma ezinye izinto ezinciphile zengqondo.
Ukuxilongwa

Ama-tumors e-pituitary avame avame aqaphawuleki namkha awatholiwe. Ezimweni eziningi, lokho kungenxa yokuthi izimpawu ezihambisana nama-tumors e-pituitary akhiqiza ama-hormone, abizwa ngokuthi yi-functioning adenomas, nama-tumors amakhulu, abizwa ngokuthi yi-macroadenomas, afana nalezo zezinye izimo zezokwelapha. Kungenxa yokuthi akhula kancane kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Ama-tumors e-pituitary amancane angawenzi ama-hormone, abizwa ngokuthi yi-nonfunctioning microadenomas, avame ukungabangeli zimpawu. Uma kutholakala, ngokuvamile kungenxa yokuhlolwa kwezithombe, njengokuhlolwa kwe-MRI noma i-CT scan, okwenziwa ngenye isizathu.

Ukuthola nokuthola i-tumor ye-pituitary, umhlinzeki wakho wezinsizakalo zezempilo cishe uzoxoxa nawe ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha wabantu siqu nomndeni wakho futhi enze ukuhlolwa komzimba. Ukuhlolwa ukuthola i-tumor ye-pituitary kungafaka:

  • Ukuhlolwa kwegazi. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungabonisa ukuthi umzimba wakho une-hormone eningi kakhulu noma encane kakhulu. Kweminye imikhiqizo ye-hormone, imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi ebonisa okuningi kwe-hormone kungaba yikho konke okudingekayo kumhlinzeki wakho wezinsizakalo zezempilo ukuze athole i-pituitary adenoma.

Kweminye imikhiqizo ye-hormone, njenge-cortisol, umphumela wokuhlolwa kwegazi obonisa okuningi kwe-hormone kungadingeka ulandelwe ezinye izivivinyo. Lezo zivivinyo zingabonisa ukuthi umphumela wangaphambili ubangelwe yi-pituitary adenoma noma enye inkinga yezempilo.

Imiphumela ebonisa amazinga e-hormone aphansi kumele ilandelwe ezinye izivivinyo, ngokuvamile ukuhlolwa kwezithombe, ukubona ukuthi i-pituitary adenoma ingaba yimbangela yaleyo miphumela yokuhlolwa.

  • Ukuhlolwa kwemithambo. Ukuhlolwa kwemithambo kungase kusetshenziswe ukusiza ekutholeni i-pituitary adenoma ekhiqiza okuningi kwe-hormone ACTH. Okuningi kwe-ACTH kuholela ekukhuleni kwe-cortisol emzimbeni futhi kubangela isifo se-Cushing.
  • Ukuhlolwa kwe-MRI. Ukuhlolwa kwe-magnetic resonance imaging, okuthiwa futhi yi-MRI scan, ukuhlolwa okusebenzisa insimu yamagnethi namaza erediyo akhiqizwe yi-computer ukudala izithombe ezinemininingwane yamalungu omzimba namalungu. I-MRI yengqondo ingasiza ekutholeni i-tumor ye-pituitary futhi ibonise indawo yayo nobukhulu bayo.
  • Ukuhlolwa kwe-CT. Ukuhlolwa kwe-computed tomography, okuthiwa futhi yi-CT scan, uhlobo lokuhlolwa kwezithombe oluhlanganisa uchungechunge lwe-X-rays ukudala izithombe zesigaba. Ukuhlolwa kwe-MRI kusetshenziswa kakhulu kunokuhlolwa kwe-CT ukuthola nokuthola ama-tumors e-pituitary. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlolwa kwe-CT kungasiza ekuhleleni ubuyekezo uma umhlinzeki wakho wezinsizakalo zezempilo ekutshela ukuthi i-tumor ye-pituitary kufanele isuswe.
  • Ukuhlolwa kobona. I-tumor ye-pituitary ingathinta ukubona, ikakhulukazi ukubona eceleni, okuthiwa futhi yi-peripheral vision. Ukuhlola amehlo akho ukuhlola ukuthi ubonakala kangcono kangakanani kungasiza umhlinzeki wakho wezinsizakalo zezempilo anqume ukuthi ezinye izivivinyo zingadingeka yini ukuthola i-tumor ye-pituitary.

Ukuhlolwa kwegazi. Ukuhlolwa kwegazi kungabonisa ukuthi umzimba wakho une-hormone eningi kakhulu noma encane kakhulu. Kweminye imikhiqizo ye-hormone, imiphumela yokuhlolwa kwegazi ebonisa okuningi kwe-hormone kungaba yikho konke okudingekayo kumhlinzeki wakho wezinsizakalo zezempilo ukuze athole i-pituitary adenoma.

Kweminye imikhiqizo ye-hormone, njenge-cortisol, umphumela wokuhlolwa kwegazi obonisa okuningi kwe-hormone kungadingeka ulandelwe ezinye izivivinyo. Lezo zivivinyo zingabonisa ukuthi umphumela wangaphambili ubangelwe yi-pituitary adenoma noma enye inkinga yezempilo.

Imiphumela ebonisa amazinga e-hormone aphansi kumele ilandelwe ezinye izivivinyo, ngokuvamile ukuhlolwa kwezithombe, ukubona ukuthi i-pituitary adenoma ingaba yimbangela yaleyo miphumela yokuhlolwa.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezinsizakalo zezempilo angase akuqondise esazi sokuxilonga izifo ze-hormone, okuthiwa yi-endocrinologist, ukuze uthole ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe.

Ukwelashwa

Ama-adenoma amaningi e-pituitary awadingi ukwelashwa. Awukona umdlavuza, ngakho uma engaholeli ezimpahleni, ukubabuka nje ngokuhamba kwesikhathi kungaba yindlela efanele. Uma ukwelashwa kudingeka, ukwelashwa okuqondile kuncike ohlotsheni lomdlavuza, usayizi, indawo nokwanda ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Uma umdlavuza ubangela okuningi noma okuncane kwamahomoni athile emzimbeni, lokho futhi kuchaphazela ukwelashwa. Iminyaka yakho nempilo yakho yonke idlala indima ekucwaningeni ukwelashwa. Umgomo wokwelashwa ukuba: Buyisela amazinga ehomoni kubukhulu obuphilile. Gwema ukulimala okwengeziwe egxeni le-pituitary futhi ubuyisele umsebenzi wayo ojwayelekile. Phinda izimpahlane eziholelwe ukucindezela komdlavuza noma uvikele zingabi zimbi. Uma i-adenoma ye-pituitary idinga ukwelashwa, kungafaka ukucutshungulwa ukususa umdlavuza. Imithi noma ukwelashwa ngomgogodla kungase futhi kusetshenziswe ukwelapha i-adenoma ye-pituitary. Ukwelashwa kuhilela iqembu lochwepheshe bezokwelapha. Iqembu lingafaka: Udokotela we-brain, obizwa nangokuthi yi-neurosurgeon. Udokotela we-nose ne-sinus, obizwa nangokuthi yi-ENT surgeon. Ochwepheshe bezifo zehomoni, obizwa nangokuthi yi-endocrinologist. Ochwepheshe bokwelashwa ngomgogodla, obizwa nangokuthi yi-radiation oncologist. Ukuhlinzwa Ukuhlinzwa kokwelapha umdlavuza we-pituitary kuhilela ukususa umdlavuza. Lokhu ngezinye izikhathi kubizwa ngokuthi yi-tumor resection. Udokotela angase aphakamise ukuhlinzwa uma i-adenoma ye-pituitary: Icindzetela izinzwa ze-optic futhi ibeke umkhawulo ekuqondeni. Ibangela ezinye izimpahlane, njengokukhathazeka noma ubuhlungu ebusweni. Inciphise amazinga ehomoni emzimbeni ngenxa yokucindezela egxeni le-pituitary. Ibangela ukuba umzimba wenze okuningi kwamahomoni athile. Imiphumela ngemuva kokuhlinzwa ngokuvamile kuncike ohlotsheni lwe-adenoma, usayizi nendawo yalo, nokuthi umdlavuza ukhule yini ezihlangwini ezizungezile. Ukuhlinzwa kokususa umdlavuza we-pituitary kufaka phakathi ukuhlinzwa kwe-endoscopic transnasal transsphenoidal kanye ne-craniotomy. Ukuhlinzwa kwe-endoscopic transnasal transsphenoidal Khulisa isithombe Vala Ukuhlinzwa kwe-endoscopic transnasal transsphenoidal Ukuhlinzwa kwe-endoscopic transnasal transsphenoidal Ekuhlinzweni kwe-transnasal transsphenoidal endoscopic, ithuluzi lokuhlinzwa libekwa ngesikhumba kanye ne-nasal septum ukufinyelela umdlavuza we-pituitary. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kubizwa nangokuthi yi-adenomectomy. Yilona kuhlinzwa okuvamile olusetshenziswa ukususa i-adenoma ye-pituitary. Phakathi nokuhlinzwa, udokotela - ngokuvamile yi-neurosurgeon ehlanganyela nodokotela we-nose ne-sinus - ususa i-adenoma ngenxeba ne-sinuses. Ukuhlinzwa akudingi ukusoka ngaphandle, okuthiwa futhi yi-incision. Akukuthinti ezinye izingxenye zobuchopho. Ukuhlinzwa akubangeli i-scar ongayibona. Ama-macroadenoma amakhulu kungaba nzima ukuwasusa ngalolu hlinzwa. Lokho kuyiqiniso ikakhulukazi uma i-macroadenoma isakazeke ezinzwaneni eziseduze, imithambo yegazi noma ezinye izingxenye zobuchopho. Ukuhlinzwa kwe-transcranial Lokhu kuhlinzwa kubizwa nangokuthi yi-craniotomy. Kusetshenziswa kancane kunokuhlinzwa kwe-endoscopic transnasal transsphenoidal ngemidlavuza ye-pituitary. Lokhu kuhlinzwa kwenza kube lula ukufinyelela nokususa ama-macroadenoma amakhulu noma imidlavuza ye-pituitary esakazeke ezinzwaneni eziseduze noma ezihlangwini zobuchopho. Kwenza kube lula nodokotela ukubona ubukhulu bomdlavuza, kanye nezingxenye zobuchopho ezizungezile. Phakathi nokuhlinzwa kwe-transcranial, udokotela ususa umdlavuza ngengxenye engaphezulu yengqondo ngokusoka e-scalp. Ukuhlinzwa kwe-endoscopic transnasal transsphenoidal kanye nokuhlinzwa kwe-transcranial ngokuvamile kuyizinqubo eziphephile. Ukuphazamiseka akukuvamile. Kepha njenganoma yikuphi ukuhlinzwa, kunengozi. Ukuphazamiseka ngemuva kokuhlinzwa komdlavuza we-pituitary kungafaka phakathi: Ukopha. Ukutheleleka. Ukusebenzisana nemithi ekufaka esimweni sokulala ngesikhathi sokuhlinzwa Lesi simo sokulala sibizwa ngokuthi yi-anesthesia. Ukukhathazeka okwesikhashana nokucwengela ekhaleni. Ukulimala kobuchopho. Ukubona kabili noma ukulahlekelwa ukubona. Ukulimala egxeni le-pituitary. I-diabetes insipidus Ukuhlinzwa kokususa umdlavuza we-pituitary kungalimaza igxeni le-pituitary. Lokho kunganciphisa ikhono layo lokwenza amahomoni, okuholela kwezinye izinkinga zezokwelapha kufaka phakathi i-diabetes insipidus. Lesi simo siyenzeka uma igxeni le-pituitary lingakwazi ukwenza okwanele kohormoni i-vasopressin. Le homoni yenziwa emuva kwegxeni, indawo ebizwa ngokuthi yi-posterior pituitary. I-diabetes insipidus ibangela ukuba izinto ezigeleza emzimbeni zingalingani, okuholela ekutheni umzimba wenze imingcele eminingi yomchamo. Lokho kungabangela ukoma okukhulu futhi kukhulise ingozi yokulahlekelwa amanzi. I-diabetes insipidus ngemuva kokuhlinzwa kokususa umdlavuza we-pituitary ngokuvamile iyisikhashana. Ngokuvamile iyahamba ngaphandle kokwelashwa ezinsukwini ezimbalwa. Uma i-diabetes insipidus ihlala isikhathi eside kunalokho, ukwelashwa ngesimo esenziwe se-vasopressin kungase kusetshenziswe. Isimo ngokuvamile siyahamba ngemuva kwamasonto noma izinyanga ezimbalwa. Uma umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ephakamisa ukuhlinzwa kokwelapha umdlavuza we-pituitary, buza ukuthi yikuphi ukuhlinzwa okulungele wena. Khuluma ngezinkinga ezingaba khona, izingozi nemiphumela emibi. Buza ukuthi yini ongayilindela ngesikhathi sokuphulukiswa. Ukwelashwa ngomgogodla Ukwelashwa ngomgogodla kusebenzisa imithombo yamandla aphezulu yomgogodla ukwelapha imidlavuza ye-pituitary. Ukwelashwa ngomgogodla kungase kusetshenziswe ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Noma kungase kusetshenziswe yodwa uma ukuhlinzwa kungelona ikhetho. Ukwelashwa ngomgogodla kungaba usizo uma umdlavuza we-pituitary: Awususwa ngokuphelele ngokuhlinzwa. Ubuyela ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Ubangela izimpahlane ezingekho imithi ezikhulula. Umgomo wokwelashwa ngomgogodla we-pituitary adenomas ukulawula ukukhula kwe-adenoma noma ukuvimbela i-adenoma ekwenzeni amahomoni. Izindlela zokwelashwa ngomgogodla ezingasetshenziswa ukwelapha imidlavuza ye-pituitary zifaka phakathi: I-stereotactic radiosurgery. Ngokuvamile inikezwa njengomthamo ophezulu owodwa, lolo hlobo lokwelashwa ngomgogodla lugxile ngokuqondile imisebe yomgogodla emdlavuzini. Nakuba igama elithi "ukuhlinzwa" likuso, akukho sika esidinga ukwenziwa. Linika imisebe yomgogodla ubukhulu nokuma komdlavuza emdlavuzini ngosizo lwezindlela zokubona ubuchopho. Lokhu kudinga ukunamathela kwefreyimu yekhanda engqondweni. Ifreyimu isuswa ngemuva nje kokwelashwa. Umgogodla omncane uthinta izicubu eziphilile eziseduze komdlavuza. Lokho kunciphisa ingozi yokulimala ezicubwini eziphilile. Umgogodla we-beam wangaphandle. Le ndlela ibizwa nangokuthi yi-fractionated radiation therapy. Inika umgogodla ngamathani amancane ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Uchungechunge lokwelashwa ngokuvamile kwenziwa izikhathi ezinhlanu ngesonto amasonto angu-4 kuya kwangu-6. Ukwelashwa ngomgogodla we-intensity modulated. Lolo hlobo lokwelashwa ngomgogodla, oluthiwa futhi yi-IMRT, lusebenzisa ikhompyutha evumela imisebe ukuba ibekwe ukuzungezela umdlavuza ngezikhathi eziningi. Amandla emisebe anganciphisa. Lokho kunciphisa ingozi yemiphumela emibi ezicubwini eziphilile. Ukwelashwa ngomgogodla we-proton. Olunye ukhetho lomgogodla, ukwelashwa ngomgogodla we-proton kusebenzisa ama-ions alayishwe ngokuhle, abizwa ngama-protons, ukuqondisa imidlavuza. Imisebe ye-proton ima ngemuva kokukhulula amandla ayo emdlavuzini. Lokhu kusho ukuthi imisebe ingalawulwa ukuqondisa i-adenoma ye-pituitary ngengozi encane yemiphumela emibi ezicubwini eziphilile. Lolo hlobo lokwelashwa ngomgogodla ludinga imishini ekhethekile. Akukho lapho kutholakala khona. Imiphumela emibi kanye nokuphazamiseka okungenzeka kokwelashwa ngomgogodla we-pituitary adenomas kungafaka phakathi: Ukulimala egxeni le-pituitary okuvimbela ikhono layo lokwenza amahomoni. Ukulimala ezicubwini eziphilile eziseduze kwegxeni le-pituitary. Ukushintsha kokubona ngenxa yokulimala ezinzwaneni ze-optic. Ukulimala kwezinye izinzwa eziseduze kwegxeni le-pituitary. Ingozi encane ethuthukiswe yokuthuthukisa umdlavuza wobuchopho. I-radiation oncologist ihlola isimo sakho futhi ikhulume nawe ngezinzuzo nengozi yokwelashwa ngomgogodla esimweni sakho. Ngokuvamile kuthatha izinyanga eminyakeni ukubona izinzuzo eziphezulu zokwelashwa ngomgogodla we-pituitary adenomas. Imiphumela emibi kanye nokuphazamiseka kokwelashwa ngomgogodla ngokuvamile ayiveli ngokushesha. Kubalulekile ukuba nokunakekelwa okuqhubekayo kwesikhathi eside ukuthola noma yiziphi izinkinga zehomoni ezingase zenzeke ngenxa yokwelashwa ngomgogodla. Imithi Ukwelashwa ngemithi kungaba usizo ekulawuleni kwe-pituitary adenomas. Zingasiza ekuthuthukiseni inani lamahomoni umzimba awenza ngenxa yomdlavuza. Ezinye imithi inganciphisa ezinye izinhlobo zemidlavuza ye-pituitary. Imidlavuza ye-pituitary eyenza i-prolactin Imithi elandelayo isetshenziswa ekuthuthukiseni inani le-prolactin i-adenoma ye-pituitary eyenza. Zinganciphisa futhi umdlavuza. I-cabergoline. I-bromocriptine (Parlodel, Cycloset). Imiphumela emibi engenzeka ifaka phakathi: Ukukhathazeka. Izifo zengqondo, kufaka phakathi ukucindezeleka. Ukukhathazeka. Ubuthakathaka. Abanye abantu bathuthukisa ukuziphatha okuphoqelekile, njengezinkinga zokugembula, ngenkathi bethatha le miithi. Leyo miphumela ibizwa nangokuthi yi-impulse control disorders. Imidlavuza ye-pituitary eyenza i-adrenocorticotropic hormone Imidlavuza eyenza i-adrenocorticotropic hormone, ebizwa nangokuthi yi-ACTH, ibangela ukuba umzimba wenze i-cortisol eningi kakhulu. Leso simo siyaziwa ngokuthi yi-Cushing disease. Imithi enganciphisa inani le-cortisol umzimba owenza ifaka phakathi: I-ketoconazole. I-metyrapone (Metopirone). I-osilodrostat (Isturisa). Imiphumela emibi yale miithi ifaka phakathi inkinga yentliziyo engabangela ukungalingani okukhulu kokushaya kwenhliziyo. Olunye uhlangothi oluthiwa yi-mifepristone (Korlym, Mifeprex) lungasetshenziswa kubantu abane-Cushing disease abanesi-type 2 diabetes noma i-glucose intolerance. I-mifepristone ayinciphisi inani le-cortisol umzimba owenza. Esikhundleni salokho, ivala imiphumela ye-cortisol ezicubwini zomzimba. Imiphumela emibi ye-mifepristone ifaka phakathi: Ukukhathala. Ubuthakathaka. Ukuphefumula. Ukopha okukhulu kwesikhumba. Imithi i-pasireotide (Signifor) isebenza ngokunciphisa inani le-ACTH i-adenoma ye-pituitary eyenza. Ithathiwe njengesiphuzo kabili ngosuku. Abahlinzeki ngokuvamile baphakamisa i-pasireotide uma ukuhlinzwa kokususa i-adenoma kungasebenzi. Kungase futhi kusetshenziswe uma i-adenoma ingasuswa ngokuhlinzwa. Imiphumela emibi ye-pasireotide ifaka phakathi: I-diarrhea. Ukuphefumula. I-high blood sugar. Ukukhathazeka. Ubuhlungu esiswini. Ukukhathala. Imidlavuza ye-pituitary eyenza i-growth hormone Izinhlobo ezimbili zemithi zingalapha imidlavuza ye-pituitary eyenza i-growth hormone. Abahlinzeki ngokuvamile bancoma le miithi uma ukuhlinzwa kokususa i-adenoma ye-pituitary akuphumelelanga ukubuyisela inani le-growth hormone emzimbeni kubukhulu obuphilile. Ama-analogs e-somatostatin. Lolo hlobo lwemithi luthuthukisa inani le-growth hormone umzimba owenza. Kunganciphisa futhi i-adenoma ye-pituitary. Ama-analogs e-somatostatin afaka phakathi: I-octreotide (Sandostatin). I-lanreotide (Somatuline Depot). Le miithi inikezwa njengesiphuzo, ngokuvamile njalo ngenyanga ezine. Uhlobo lwe-octreotide olungathengwa njengephilisi, oluthiwa yi-Mycapssa, luyatholakala. Isebenza njengezinhlobo ezinikwa njengesiphuzo futhi ine-side effects efanayo. Imiphumela emibi yama-analogs e-somatostatin ifaka phakathi: Ukuphefumula nokugabha. I-diarrhea. Ubuhlungu esiswini. Ukukhathazeka. Ukukhathazeka. Ubuhlungu endaweni yesiphuzo. Ama-gallstones. Ukubhebhetheka kwe-diabetes. Eminingi yale miphumela emibi iphucuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. I-pegvisomant (Somavert). Le mithi ivala umphumela we-growth hormone eningi kakhulu emzimbeni. Ithathiwe njengesiphuzo nsuku zonke. Le mithi ingabangela umphumela emibi wokulimaza isibindi kwabanye abantu. Ukuhlanganiswa kwamahomoni e-pituitary Igxeni le-pituitary lilawula ukukhula, umsebenzi we-thyroid, umsebenzi we-adrenal, umsebenzi wokuzala kanye nokuqina kwamanzi emzimbeni. Elinye noma lonke lokho lingalimaza yi-adenoma ye-pituitary noma ngokwelashwa kwayo ngokuhlinzwa noma umgogodla. Lokhu kungenxa yoshintsho lwamahomoni abangabangela. Uma amahomoni akho ewa emazingeni angaphilile, kungase kudingeke uthathe ukwelashwa okuhlanganisa amahomoni. Lokhu kungabuya amahomoni kubukhulu obuphilile. Ukulinda okuqaphayo Ekulindeni okuqaphayo - okwaziwa nangokuthi ukubuka, ukwelashwa okulindelekile noma ukwelashwa okuhlatshwe - kungase kudingeke ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo kokulandelela ukuthi umdlavuza ukhula yini noma uma amazinga ehomoni ashintsha. Ukulinda okuqaphayo kungaba yikhetho lakho uma i-adenoma ingabangeli zimpahlane noma iholele kwezinye izinkinga zezempilo. Khuluma nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngezinzuzo nengozi yokulinda okuqaphayo ngokumelene nokwelashwa esimweni sakho. Ulwazi Olwengeziwe Ukunakekelwa kwemidlavuza ye-pituitary e-Mayo Clinic I-brain stereotactic radiosurgery I-craniotomy I-proton therapy Ukwelashwa ngomgogodla Khombisa ulwazi oluningi oluhlobene Cela i-appointment Kukhona inkinga ngolwazi oluvezwe ngezansi futhi ubuye uthumele ifomu. Thola iseluleko samuva lomdlavuza wobuchopho oluvela e-Mayo Clinic oluthunyelwe ebhokisini lakho le-imeyili. Bhalisa mahhala futhi uthole okusha mayelana nokwelashwa komdlavuza wobuchopho, ukuxilongwa nokuhlinzwa. Ikheli le-imeyili Iphutha Ibhokisi le-imeyili liyadingeka Iphutha Faka ikheli le-imeyili elisebenzayo Ikheli 1 Bhalisa Funda kabanzi ngokusetshenziswa kwe-Mayo Clinic idatha. Ukuze sikunikeze ngolwazi olufanele kakhulu noluncedo, nokuqonda ukuthi yiluphi ulwazi olusizo, singahlanganisa i-imeyili yakho nolwazi lokusetshenziswa kwewebhusayithi nolunye ulwazi esinalo ngawe. Uma ungumguli we-Mayo Clinic, lokhu kungafaka phakathi ulwazi oluvikelwe lwezempilo. Uma sihlanganisa lolu lwazi nolwazi oluvikelwe lwezempilo, sizophatha lonke lolu lwazi njengolwazi oluvikelwe lwezempilo futhi sizosebenzisa noma sizokwembula lolu lwazi njengoba kuchazwe esazisweni sethu semikhuba yobumfihlo. Ungakhetha ukungathumeli i-imeyili nganoma yisiphi isikhathi ngokuqhafaza isixhumanisi sokuyeka ukubhalisa kwi-imeyili. Siyabonga ngokubhalisa Uzobona i-imeyili yokuqala yomdlavuza wobuchopho ebhokisini lakho le-imeyili maduze, okuzofaka ulwazi mayelana nokwelashwa, ukuxilongwa, ukuhlinzwa nokuthi amaqembu omdlavuza wobuchopho e-Mayo Clinic asebenza kanjani ngokunakekelwa okuqondene nomuntu ngamunye. Uxolo, kukhona into eyenzekile ngesikhathi sakho sokubhalisa Sicela uzame futhi ngemuva kwemizuzu embalwa Zama futhi

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