Uyini i-Placenta Accreta? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

I-Placenta accreta yinkinga enzima yokukhulelwa lapho i-placenta ikhula khulu odongeni lwesisu. Esikhundleni sokuhlukaniswa ngokwemvelo ngemuva kokubeletha, i-placenta inamathela ngokuqinile emanzini esisu lakho. Le nkinga ithonya cishe okukodwa ku-500 lokukhulelwa futhi idinga ukunakekelwa okunakekelwe kwezokwelapha ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwakho kanye nokuthula kwengane yakho.

Uyini i-Placenta Accreta?

I-Placenta accreta kwenzeka lapho i-placenta ifaka khulu odongeni lwesisu lakho ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ngokuvamile, i-placenta inamathela ekuqaleni odongeni lwesisu lakho bese ihlukaniswa kalula ngemuva kokuzalwa kwengane yakho. Ngo-placenta accreta, inyama ye-placenta ikhula ezingeni elikhulu lemisipha yesisu lakho, okwenza kube nzima noma akunakwenzeka ukuhlukanisa.

Le nkinga ikhona kumazinga ahlukene okubaluleka. Uhlobo oluthambile luhilela i-placenta ehlanganisa odongeni lwemisipha, kuyilapho izinhlobo ezinzima kakhulu zingakhula ngokuphelele odongeni lwesisu noma ngisho nasezinzwini eziseduze njengesisu sakho.

Ziyini Izinhlobo ze-Placenta Accreta?

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-placenta accreta, ngayinye imele amazinga ahlukene okukhula kwe-placenta odongeni lwesisu lakho. Ukuqonda lezi zinhlobo kusiza iqembu lakho lezokwelapha ukuhlela indlela ephephile kakhulu yokubeletha kwakho.

• I-Placenta accreta (70% yezimo): I-placenta inamathela emisipha yesisu kodwa ayikwazi ukungena khulu kuyo.
• I-Placenta increta (20% yezimo): I-placenta ikhula khulu odongeni lwemisipha yesisu.
• I-Placenta percreta (10% yezimo): I-placenta ikhula ngokuphelele odongeni lwesisu futhi inganamathela ezinzwini eziseduze njengesisu noma amabele.

I-Placenta percreta yiyona ebucayi kakhulu futhi idinga ukuhlelwa okuyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu kokucubungula. Iqembu lakho lezokwelapha lizosebenzisa izivivinyo zokufanekisa ukuze liqonde ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo olukhona futhi likhethe indlela yokwelapha engcono kakhulu.

Ziyini Izimpawu ze-Placenta Accreta?

Abesifazane abaningi abane-placenta accreta ababonisi izimpawu ezicacile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Le nkinga ivame ukutholakala ngokuhlolwa okuvamile kwe-ultrasound noma ezinye izivivinyo zokukhulelwa. Uma izimpawu zivele, ngokuvamile zihilela ukuphuma kwegazi.

Nazi izimpawu ongase uzibone:

• Ukuphuma kwegazi kwesigxobo ngesikhathi sesigamu sesithathu sokukhulelwa.
• Ukuphuma kwegazi okungase kube bomvu noma nsundu.
• Iziqephu zokopha eziya futhi ziye.
• Ubuhlungu noma ukugcwala esiswini (okungavamile).
• Ukuzizwa ukhathele noma ubuthakathaka.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi ukuphuma kwegazi kwesigamu sesithathu kungaba nezizathu eziningi, futhi i-placenta accreta iyisizathu esisodwa kuphela. Uma uhlangabezana nokuphuma kwegazi kunoma yisiphi isikhathi sokukhulelwa, xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha ukuze uthole ukwelashwa okufanele.

Yini ebangela i-Placenta Accreta?

I-Placenta accreta ithuthukiswa lapho isikhungo esivamile phakathi kwe-placenta nemisipha yesisu silimale noma silahlekile. Lokhu ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngenxa yokunamathela noma ukuguqulwa odongeni lwesisu lakho okuvela ekuhlinzweni kwangaphambili noma izinqubo zezokwelapha.

Izimbangela ezivamile kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• Ukubeletha kwangaphambili kwe-cesarean.
• Ezinye izinqubo zokucubungula isisu njengokususa ama-fibroid noma ukwandisa nokuhlanza (D&C).
• I-Placenta previa (lapho i-placenta ihlanganisa i-cervix).
• Ukutheleleka kwesisu kwangaphambili.
• Ukukhulelwa okuningi.
• Ubudala obukhulu bomama (ngaphezulu kweminyaka engama-35).

Ukuba ne-placenta previa kanye nomlando wokucubungula i-cesarean kukhuphula kakhulu ingozi yakho. Ukuhlanganiswa kwalezi zinto kudala indawo lapho i-placenta inokukhula okungavamile emanzini esisu ane-scar.

Nini Okufanele Ubone Udokotela Nge-Placenta Accreta?

Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nokuphuma kwegazi kwesigxobo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ikakhulukazi esigamu sesithathu. Nakuba ukuphuma kwegazi kungaba nezizathu eziningi, kuhlale kudinga ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha ukuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwakho kanye nokuthula kwengane yakho.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nalokhu:

• Ukuphuma kwegazi okukhulu okunqamula i-pad ngehora elilodwa.
• Ukuphuma kwegazi okuhambisana nobuhlungu obukhulu besisu.
• Ukudideka, ukuqeda, noma ukuzizwa ubuthakathaka kakhulu.
• Ukubetha okusheshayo kwenhliziyo noma ukuphefumula okufushane.
• Ukugcwala okukhulu noma ukucindezela.

Ngisho noma ukuphuma kwegazi kwakho kubonakala kuncane, unganqikazi ukubiza udokotela wakho. Ukutholakala kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nokulandelela i-placenta accreta kungasiza ukuvimbela izinkinga ezinzima futhi kuqinisekise umphumela omuhle kakhulu kuwe nengane yakho.

Ziyini Izinto Ezifaka Ingozi Ye-Placenta Accreta?

Izinto eziningi zingakhuphula amathuba akho okukhula kwe-placenta accreta. Ukuqonda lezi zinto ezifaka ingozi kusiza iqembu lakho lezokwelapha ukunikeza ukulandelela okufanele nokunakekelwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwakho.

Izinto ezifaka ingozi ezibaluleke kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• Ukuhlinzwa kwangaphambili kwe-cesarean (ingozi ikhuphuka ngasinye i-C-section).
• I-Placenta previa ekukhulelweni kwakho kwamanje.
• Ubudala obukhulu bomama (iminyaka engama-35 noma ngaphezulu).
• Ukukhulelwa okuningi kwangaphambili.
• Ukuhlinzwa kwesisu kwangaphambili noma izinqubo.
• Umlando wokutheleleka kwesisu.
• Izinqubo zokwandisa nokuhlanza (D&C) kwangaphambili.
• I-Asherman's syndrome (ukunamathela kwesisu).

Ukuba noyedwa noma ngaphezulu kwezinto ezifaka ingozi akusho ukuthi uzokhula ngokuqinisekile i-placenta accreta. Noma kunjalo, umhlinzeki wakho wezokwelapha angase akukhuthaze ukulandelela okwengeziwe nge-ultrasounds noma i-MRI scans ukuze ubuke izimpawu zale nkinga.

Ziyini Izinkinga Ezingaba khona ze-Placenta Accreta?

I-Placenta accreta ingabangela izinkinga ezinzima, ikakhulukazi ezihlobene nokuphuma kwegazi okukhulu ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Ukuqonda lezi zinkinga ezingaba khona kusiza wena neqembu lakho lezokwelapha ukuzilungiselela ukubeletha okuphephile kakhulu.

Izinkinga eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:

• Ukuphuma kwegazi okukhulu ngesikhathi sokubeletha okudinga ukugeleza kwegazi.
• Isidingo se-hysterectomy yokuphuthuma (ukususa isisu).
• Ukonakala kwezinye izitho eziseduze njengesisu noma amabele.
• Izinkinga zokugqwala kwegazi.
• Ukutheleleka.
• Ukubeletha kwangaphambi kwesikhathi.
• Isidingo sokungeniswa e-intensive care unit (ICU).

Nakuba lezi zinkinga zizwakala zesabekisa, khumbula ukuthi ngokuhlela okufanele nokunakekelwa okuvela eqenjini lezokwelapha elikhulu, abesifazane abaningi abane-placenta accreta banemiphumela emihle. Ukutholakala kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kuvumela abahlinzeki bakho bezemithi ukuqoqa ochwepheshe abafanele futhi balungiselele noma yiziphi izinselele ezingase zivele.

I-Placenta Accreta Ihlonishwa Kanjani?

I-Placenta accreta ngokuvamile ihlonishwa ngokuhlolwa kokufanekisa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Umhlinzeki wakho wezokwelapha uzosebenzisa i-ultrasound njengenyathelo lokuqala, ngokuvamile kulandele i-MRI ukuze uthole ulwazi oluqondile ngokubaluleka kwale nkinga.

Inqubo yokuhlola ngokuvamile ihlanganisa:

• Ukuhlolwa okuqondile kwe-ultrasound ochwepheshe bezokwelapha abakhulelwe.
• I-MRI scan ukuze ubone kangcono i-placenta nezinye izicubu.
• Ukuhlaziywa komlando wakho wezokwelapha nezinto ezifaka ingozi.
• Ngezinye izikhathi izivivinyo zokufanekisa ezikhethekile.

Lezi zivivinyo zisiza iqembu lakho lezokwelapha ukuqonda uhlobo nobubanzi be-placenta accreta. Lolu lwazi lubalulekile ekuhleleni ukubeletha kwakho nokuqinisekisa ukuthi ochwepheshe abafanele bakhona uma ubeletha.

Uyini Ukwelashwa kwe-Placenta Accreta?

Ukwelashwa kwe-placenta accreta kugxile ekuhleleni isikhathi sokubeletha kwakho ngokucophelela nokuba neqembu lezokwelapha elifanele. Indlela eyinhloko yokwelapha ukucubungula i-cesarean ecebile nge-hysterectomy engenzeka, kuye ngokubaluleka kwesimo sakho.

Uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa luzoba ngokuvamile luhlanganisa:

• Ukubeletha kwe-cesarean oluhleliwe phakathi kwamasonto angu-34-36 okukhulelwa.
• Iqembu lezokwelapha elihlanganisa ochwepheshe bezokwelapha abakhulelwe, abagcizeleli, nochwepheshe bebhange legazi.
• Ukulungiselela i-hysterectomy engenzeka uma ukuphuma kwegazi kungalawuleki.
• Imikhiqizo yegazi etholakala ukuze igeleze uma kudingeka.
• Ukubekwa okungenzeka kwe-balloon catheters yesikhashana ukuze ulawule ukuphuma kwegazi.

Kwezinye izimo, iqembu lakho lezokwelapha lingase lizame ukulondoloza isisu sakho ngokusebenzisa amasu akhethekile. Noma kunjalo, uma ukuphuma kwegazi kunzima, i-hysterectomy ingase idingeke ukusindisa impilo yakho. Odokotela bakho bazoxoxa ngale nkinga nawe ngaphambi kokubeletha.

Ungazinakekela Kanjani Ngesikhathi Sokukhulelwa Ngo-Placenta Accreta?

Uma utholakala une-placenta accreta, ukuzinakekela kuba kubaluleke nakakhulu. Iqembu lakho lezokwelapha lizonikeza imiyalo ekhethekile, kodwa kunezinyathelo ezijwayelekile ongazithatha ukuze usekele impilo yakho kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwengane yakho.

Nansi indlela ongazinakekela ngayo:

• Hlanganyela kuyo yonke imiqondiso yokukhulelwa bese ulandela iziphakamiso zokunakekelwa kwakho.
• Thatha amavithamini okukhulelwa, ikakhulukazi insimbi uma kunconywa.
• Phumula uma uzizwa ukhathele futhi gwema imisebenzi enzima.
• Hlala uthambile futhi udle ukudla okunomsoco.
• Qaphela noma yiziphi izimpawu zokopha noma izimpawu ezingavamile.
• Yenza uhlelo lokuya esibhedlela ngokushesha uma kudingeka.

Umhlinzeki wakho wezokwelapha angase akukhuthaze amazinga okusebenza aguquliwe noma ukuphumula embhedeni kuye ngesimo sakho esithile. Ukulandela lezi ziphakamiso kusiza ukunciphisa ingozi yezinkinga futhi kusiza umphumela omuhle kakhulu kuwe nengane yakho.

Kufanele Uzilungiselele Kanjani Imiqondiso Yakho Yodokotela?

Ukuba ulungile emiqondiseni yakho kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola inzuzo enkulu ngesikhathi sakho neqembu lakho lezokwelapha. Ukuba ne-placenta accreta kusho ukuthi cishe uzoba nemiqondiso eminingi futhi ungase ubona ochwepheshe abaningi.

Nansi indlela yokulungiselela imihlangano yakho:

• Bhala yonke imibuzo yakho ngaphambi komhlangano.
• Letha uhlu lwawo wonke amaphilisi kanye nezinhlanganisela ozithathayo.
• Gcina irekhodi lazo zonke izimpawu, iziqephu zokopha, noma ukukhathazeka.
• Letha umuntu osekela uma kungenzeka.
• Cela imiyalo ebhaliwe noma ulwazi lokuthatha ekhaya.
• Qonda uhlelo lwakho lokubeletha nokuthi yini okulindelekile.

Unganqikazi ukubuza iqembu lakho lezokwelapha ukuchaza noma yini ongayiqondi. Ukuqonda isimo sakho nohlelo lokwelapha kusiza ukuthi uzizwe ukhulu futhi ulungile ngalokho okuseza.

Uyini Umbono Oyinhloko Nge-Placenta Accreta?

I-Placenta accreta yinkinga enzima yokukhulelwa kodwa elawuleka uma itholakala ngokushesha futhi iwelashwe yiqembu lezokwelapha elikhulu. Nakuba ingase izwakale iyingozi, khumbula ukuthi izinkulungwane zabesifazane baqeda ngempumelelo le nkinga unyaka ngamunye ngokunakekelwa okufanele nokuhlela.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisana eduze neqembu lakho lezokwelapha ukuze uhlele uhlelo oluphelele lokubeletha kwakho. Ngokutholakala kwangaphambi kwesikhathi, ukulandelela okucophelelayo, nokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okukulu, abesifazane abaningi abane-placenta accreta banemiphumela emihle.

Themba ubuchwepheshe beqembu lakho lezokwelapha futhi unganqikazi ukubuza imibuzo noma ukukhuluma ngezinkinga. Ukubamba kwakho okuqondile ekunakekelweni kwakho, kuhlanganiswe nokuphathwa kwezokwelapha okukulu, kukunikeza ithuba elihle kakhulu lokubeletha okuphephile nokuphulukisa impilo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Nge-Placenta Accreta

Ngingaba nokubeletha kwesigxobo nge-placenta accreta?

Ukubeletha kwesigxobo ngokuvamile akukhuthazwa nge-placenta accreta ngenxa yengozi enkulu yokuphuma kwegazi okukhulu. Iqembu lakho lezokwelapha ngokuvamile lizokuhlela ukubeletha kwe-cesarean ngochwepheshe abami ukuze baphathe noma yiziphi izinkinga ezingase zivele.

Ngingadingeka i-hysterectomy uma ngine-placenta accreta?

Akuwona wonke abesifazane abane-placenta accreta abadinga i-hysterectomy. Iqembu lakho lezokwelapha lizoqala lizame ukubeletha ingane yakho bese lisusa i-placenta ngokuphephile. Noma kunjalo, uma ukuphuma kwegazi kungalawuleki, i-hysterectomy ingase idingeke ukusindisa impilo yakho. Odokotela bakho bazoxoxa ngale nkinga nawe ngaphambi kwesikhathi.

Ingavinjelwa yini i-placenta accreta?

Akunandlela eqinisekile yokuvimbela i-placenta accreta njengoba ngokuvamile ihlobene nokuhlinzwa kwesisu kwangaphambili noma ukunamathela. Noma kunjalo, ukugwema ukuhlinzwa okungadingekile kwe-cesarean uma kungenzeka nokuhlukanisa ukukhulelwa ngokufanele kungasiza ukunciphisa ingozi ekukhulelweni kwesikhathi esizayo.

Kwenzekani engwaneni yami uma ngine-placenta accreta?

Ingane yakho ngokuvamile ayithinteki ngokuqondile yi-placenta accreta. Ukukhathazeka okuyinhloko ukulinganisa isikhathi sokubeletha ukuze ube nomoya omuhle wengane yakho kanye nengozi yokuphuma kwegazi. Izingane eziningi ezelwe kumama abane-placenta accreta ziyaphila kahle, nakuba zingase zidinga ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe uma zizalwa ngaphambi kwamasonto angu-37.

Ngingakhulelwa futhi ngemuva kokuba ne-placenta accreta?

Uma isisu sakho silondolozwe ngesikhathi sokwelashwa, ukukhulelwa kwesikhathi esizayo kungenzeka, kodwa kuzobhekwa njengokukhulelwa okungekho emthethweni. Uma udinga i-hysterectomy, ngeke ukwazi ukukhulelwa esikhathini esizayo. Xoxani ngezinketho zokuhlela umndeni neqembu lakho lezokwelapha kuye ngesimo sakho esithile.