Uyini i-Placenta Previa? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

I-Placenta previa kwenzeka lapho i-placenta yakho ihlanganisa ingxenye noma konke i-cervix yakho ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Lesi simo sihlupha cishe 1 ku-200 abakhulelwe futhi singabangela ukopha, ikakhulukazi ezinyangeni zokugcina zokukhulelwa.

Cabanga nge-cervix yakho njengesivalo esizosetshenziswa yingane yakho ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Uma i-placenta ivala lesi sivalo, ingadala ubunzima ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ngokunakekelwa okufanele kwezokwelapha nokubhekwa, abesifazane abaningi abane-placenta previa baqhubeka beba nezingane eziphilile.

Uyini i-placenta previa?

I-Placenta previa yisimo sokukhulelwa lapho i-placenta yakho inamathela phansi esibelethweni sakho futhi ihlanganise i-cervix yakho. I-Placenta yilona lungu elihlinzeka nge-oksijini namasondlo engane yakho ekhula kulo lonke ukhulelwa.

Ngokuvamile, i-placenta yakho inamathela engxenyeni engaphezulu yesibeletho sakho, kude ne-cervix yakho. Ku-placenta previa, ihlala phansi kunalokho okufanele. Le ndawo ingavimba indlela yengane yakho ngesikhathi sokubeletha futhi ingabangela ukopha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Lesi simo sivame ukutholakala ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa okujwayelekile kwe-ultrasound. Izimo eziningi ze-placenta previa ezitholakele ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa empeleni ziyaphuka zodwa njengoba isibeletho sakho sikhuphuka futhi i-placenta ihambela phezulu.

Ziyini izinhlobo ze-placenta previa?

Odokotela bahlukanisa i-placenta previa ngezinhlobo ezahlukene ngokusekelwe ekutheni yingakanani i-cervix yakho ehlanganisiwe. Ukuqonda lezi zinhlobo kusiza iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuhlela ukunakekelwa okuhle kunoma ubani nengane yakho.

I-Placenta previa ephelele kusho ukuthi i-placenta yakho ihlanganisa ngokuphelele ukuvulwa kwe-cervix yakho. Lolu uhlobo olukhulu kunazo zonke futhi ngokuvamile ludinga ukubeletha kwe-cesarean. Udokotela wakho uzokubhekela eduze kulo lonke ukhulelwa kwakho.

I-Placenta previa engaphelele kwenzeka lapho i-placenta yakho ihlanganisa ingxenye kuphela yokuvulwa kwe-cervix yakho. Inani lokumbozwa lingahluka, futhi indlela yakho yokubeletha izoxhomeka ekutheni yingakanani evaliwe nezinye izici ezikhethekile ekukhulelweni kwakho.

I-Placenta previa yasemgqeni kwenzeka lapho i-placenta yakho ifinyelela emgqeni we-cervix yakho kodwa ingayihlamuli. Lolu hlobo lungavumela ukubeletha kwesizalo kwezinye izimo, yize udokotela wakho azokuhlola ngokucophelela isimo sakho.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-placenta previa?

Isimpawu esiyinhloko se-placenta previa ukopha okubomvu okukhanya okungekho luhlungu, okuvamise ukuvela ngemuva kwamasonto angu-20 okukhulelwa. Lokhu kopha kungaba lukhanya noma lukhulu futhi kungaphela futhi kuqale futhi.

Akuwona wonke umuntu onayo i-placenta previa opha ngokushesha. Abanye abesifazane abanazo izimpawu kuze kube kamuva ekukhulelweni. Nazi izimpawu okufanele uzibheke:

• Ukopha okubomvu okukhanya okuphela nokubuya
• Ukopha oluqala lukhanya kodwa lungaba lukhulu
• Ukopha ngaphandle kokukhahlela noma ubuhlungu
• Ukopha ngemuva kokusebenza ngokomzimba noma ucansi
• Ukopha okuqhubeka izinsuku eziningi

Abanye abesifazane bangase baphe futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo, yize lokhu kungavamile. Uma uqaphela ukopha kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, kubalulekile ukuthintana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha, ngisho noma ukopha kuphela.

Yini ebangela i-placenta previa?

Imbangela eqondile ye-placenta previa ayiqondakali ngokuphelele, kodwa kwenzeka lapho i-placenta yakho inamathela engxenyeni engaphansi yesibeletho sakho esikhundleni sengxenye engaphezulu. Lokhu ngokuvamile kwenzeka ekuqaleni kwamasonto okukhulelwa lapho i-placenta yakho yakhiwa.

Isibeletho sakho siyadlula izinguquko eziningi ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, futhi ngezinye izikhathi i-placenta inamathela nje endaweni ephansi kakhulu. Lokhu akuyona into oyenzile okungalungile noma obungayivimba. Kuyinto eyenzeka ngokungahleliwe engase ihambeke kunoma yiliphi owesifazane okhulelwe.

Izici ezithile zingenza i-placenta previa ibe nethuba elikhulu lokwenzeka, kodwa ukuba nalezi zici akusho ukuthi uzophuka ngokuqinisekile lesi simo. Abesifazane abaningi abanezici ezingozi abazange baphuke i-placenta previa nhlobo.

Ziyini izici ezingozi ze-placenta previa?

Ngesikhathi i-placenta previa ingase ihambeke kunoma ubani, izici ezithile zingandisa amathuba akho okukhula lesi simo. Ukuqonda lezi zici kungakusiza wena nodokotela wakho ukuba niqaphele izimpawu ezingase zibe khona.

Nazi izici ezingase zikhulise ingozi yakho:

• Ukubeletha kwe-cesarean ngaphambili noma ukuhlinzwa kwesibeletho
• Ukuba ne-placenta previa ekukhulelweni kwangaphambili
• Ukuba neminyaka engaphezu kwengu-35 ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
• Ukuphatha izingane eziningi (amawele, amawele amathathu, njll.)
• Ukukhulelwa okuphelelwe yisikhathi noma ukuphulukiswa kwangaphambili
• Ukubhema ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa
• Ukusebenzisa i-cocaine noma ezinye izidakamizwa
• Ukuba ne-placenta enkulu
• Ukutheleleka kwesibeletho kwangaphambili

Ukuba noyedwa noma ngaphezulu kwalaba abangozi akusho ukuthi uzophuka i-placenta previa. Abesifazane abaningi abanezici eziningi zengozi abazange baphuke lesi simo. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzokubhekela ngokucophelela uma unezinye zalezi zici.

Nini okufanele ubheke udokotela nge-placenta previa?

Kufanele uthintane nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uqaphela ukopha kwanoma yiluphi uhlobo ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ikakhulukazi ukopha okubomvu okukhanya okungekho luhlungu. Ngisho nokopha okukhanya kudinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ukuze kuvinjwe i-placenta previa noma ezinye izinkinga.

Shaya udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma ukopha okukhulu okunqamula iphadi ngehora noma ngaphansi. Lokhu kungaba uphawu lwe-placenta previa enzima edinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha. Ungalindi ukubona ukuthi ukopha kuphela yini.

Kufanele futhi ufune ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uqaphela ukopha kanye nokuqina, ubuthakathaka, noma ukuzwa ubuthakathaka. Lezi zimpawu zingase zibonise ukuthi ulahlekelwa igazi eliningi futhi udinga ukwelashwa okusheshayo.

Imihlangano ejwayelekile yokunakekelwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha kubaluleke kakhulu uma utholakala une-placenta previa. Udokotela wakho uzofuna ukubhekela eduze futhi angase ahlele i-ultrasound eyengeziwe ukuze ahlole indawo ye-placenta yakho njengoba ukhulelwa kwakho kuqhubeka.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zenzeke nge-placenta previa?

I-Placenta previa ingabangela izinkinga ezinkulu zokopha, kokubili ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa nasekubeletheni. Ukukhathazeka okuyinhloko ukuthi i-placenta ingase ihlukaniswe odongeni lwesibeletho, ibangela ukopha okukhulu okungaba yingozi kokubili kuwe nengane yakho.

Nazi izinkinga ezingase zenzeke okufanele uzazi:

• Ukopha okukhulu okudinga ukuthuthukiswa kwegazi
• Ukubeletha kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nokubeletha kwangaphambi kwesikhathi
• Izinkinga zokukhula zengane yakho ngenxa yokunciphisa ukugcwala kwegazi
• I-Placenta accreta (i-placenta ikhula ngokujulile kakhulu odongeni lwesibeletho)
• Isidingo sokubeletha kwe-cesarean esheshayo
• I-Hysterectomy ezimweni ezinzima, ezingavamile
• Izinkinga zokugqwala kwegazi
• Ukuzamazama ngenxa yokulahlekelwa igazi

Ngesikhathi lezi zinkinga zizwakala zesabekisa, khumbula ukuthi ngokunakekelwa okufanele kwezokwelapha nokubhekwa, abesifazane abaningi abane-placenta previa baba nokukhulelwa okuphumelelayo. Iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo liqeqeshwe ukuphatha lezi zingozi futhi lizoqonda nawe ukuqinisekisa umphumela omuhle kakhulu.

Ezinye izinkinga ezingavamile zingase zenzeke lapho i-placenta previa ihlangene nezinye izimo. Isibonelo, uma une-placenta accreta kanye ne-placenta previa, i-placenta yakho ingase ikhule ngokujulile kakhulu odongeni lwesibeletho sakho, okwenza ukubeletha kube nzima kakhulu.

I-Placenta previa ihlonishwa kanjani?

I-Placenta previa ngokuvamile ihlonishwa nge-ultrasound ngesikhathi semihlangano ejwayelekile yokunakekelwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha. Udokotela wakho angabona indawo ye-placenta yakho futhi aqinisekise ukuthi ihlanganisa yini noma isondele e-cervix yakho.

Ukuxilongwa ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngesikhathi se-ultrasound yakho yesigaba sesibili, ngokuvamile cishe emasontweni angu-18-20 okukhulelwa. Uma kukhona ukucatshangelwa kwe-placenta previa, udokotela wakho uzokuhlela i-ultrasound eyengeziwe ukuze alandelele lesi simo njengoba ukhulelwa kwakho kuqhubeka.

Ngezinye izikhathi i-placenta previa itholakala lapho ufika esibhedlela unokopha. Kulezi zimo, udokotela wakho uzokwenza i-ultrasound ukuze ahlole indawo ye-placenta futhi aqinisekise imbangela yokopha.

Udokotela wakho angase asebenzise i-ultrasound ye-transvaginal, enikeza isithombe esicacile se-cervix yakho ne-placenta. Lolu hlobo lwe-ultrasound luphephile futhi lunikeza iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo ulwazi oluhle ngesimo sakho.

Uyini ukwelashwa kwe-placenta previa?

Ukwelashwa kwe-placenta previa kugxile ekulawuleni ukopha, ukulandelela impilo yengane yakho, nokuhlela ukubeletha okuvikelekile. Uhlelo lwakho oluthile lokwelashwa luzoxhomeka ekutheni isimo sakho sibukhulu kangakanani nokuthi ukhulelwe kangakanani.

Uma ukopha, udokotela wakho uzoncoma ukuphumula embhedeni nokugwema imisebenzi engase ibingelwe ukopha okwengeziwe. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukugwema ucansi, ukuphakamisa izinto ezisindayo, nokuzivocavoca okunzima. Umgomo ukunciphisa noma yiluphi uxinzelelo kwi-placenta yakho.

Iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizokuqapha wena nengane yakho eduze kulo lonke ukhulelwa kwakho. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise imihlangano eminingi yokunakekelwa kwangaphambi kokubeletha, i-ultrasound ejwayelekile, nokuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze uhlole i-anemia evela ekopha.

Uma une-placenta previa ephelele, uzodinga ukubeletha kwe-cesarean. Udokotela wakho ngokuvamile uzokuhlela lokhu cishe emasontweni angu-36-37 okukhulelwa, noma ngaphambi kwalokho uma uqaphela ukopha okukhulu noma ezinye izinkinga.

Nge-placenta previa engaphelele noma yasemgqeni, udokotela wakho angase ancome ukulinda ukubona ukuthi i-placenta ihamba yini kude ne-cervix yakho njengoba isibeletho sakho sikhuphuka. Izimo eziningi ze-placenta previa ezitholakele ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa ziyaphuka zodwa.

Ezimeni ezinzima ngokopha okukhulu, ungase udinga ukuhlala esibhedlela ukuze uqaphelwe futhi unakekelwe ngokushesha. Iqembu lakho lezokwelapha lizobe linemikhiqizo yegazi etholakalayo uma udinga ukuthuthukiswa.

Indlela yokuphatha i-placenta previa ekhaya

Ukuphatha i-placenta previa ekhaya kuhlanganisa ukulandela imingcele yomsebenzi yodokotela wakho nokubheka izimpawu zezexwayiso. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzokunika imiyalo ekhethekile ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho.

Ukuphumula kubalulekile uma une-placenta previa. Lokhu akusho ukuthi uhlale embhedeni usuku lonke, kodwa kusho ukugwema imisebenzi engase ibangela ukopha. Thatha amaphasi ahlukahlukene futhi ugweme ukuphakamisa noma yini esindayo kunamakhilogremu angu-10-15.

Gwema ucansi nanoma yini engase ibeke uxinzelelo kwi-cervix yakho. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ama-tampons, ukugcoba, nokuzivocavoca okunzima. Imisebenzi elula njengokuhamba okufushane ngokuvamile kulungile, kodwa hlola nodokotela wakho kuqala.

Gcina umbhalo wanoma yiziphi izehlakalo zokopha, kuhlanganise nokuthi zenzeke nini, zingakanani, nokuthi wawenzani ngaphambi kwalokho. Lolu lwazi lusiza iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuqonda isimo sakho kangcono futhi luhlenga uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa uma kudingeka.

Qiniseka ukuthi unecebo lokuya esibhedlela ngokushesha uma ukopha okukhulu kuqala. Gcina isikhwama sakho sesibhedlela sigcwele futhi ube nokuthutha okuhleliwe. Ungazishayeli uma unokopha okusebenzayo.

Ukuthi kufanele uzilungiselele kanjani umhlangano wakho nodokotela

Ukulungiselela imihlangano yakho nodokotela uma une-placenta previa kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola okuningi kakhulu ekuhambeni kwakho. Woza ulungele imibuzo nolwazi ngezimpawu zakho.

Gcina umbhalo oluqondile wanoma yiziphi izehlakalo zokopha, kuhlanganise nezinsuku, izikhathi, nokuthi ukopha bekukhulu kangakanani. Qaphela ukuthi wawenzani lapho ukopha kuqala futhi uma bekubandakanya ubuhlungu noma ukukhahlela.

Bhala imibuzo yakho ngaphambi komhlangano wakho ukuze ungakhohlwa ukuyibuza. Imibuzo ejwayelekile ingase ihlanganise ukubuza ngemikhawulo yomsebenzi, ukuthi nini okufanele ushaye udokotela, nokuthi yini okufanele uyilinde njengoba ukhulelwa kwakho kuqhubeka.

Letha umuntu osekela nawe emihlanganweni uma kungenzeka. Bangakusiza ukuba ukhumbule ulwazi olubalulekile futhi banikeze ukwesekwa ngokomzwelo ngesikhathi esingase sibe yisikhathi esicindecane.

Qiniseka ukuthi uqonda imiyalo yodokotela wakho yokuphatha isimo sakho ekhaya. Unganqikazi ukucela incazelo uma kukhona okungacaci. Iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lifuna uzizwe ukhulu ngokuphatha ukunakekelwa kwakho.

Iyini into ebaluleke kakhulu nge-placenta previa?

I-Placenta previa yisimo sokukhulelwa esilawuleka esidinga ukubhekwa okucophelelayo nokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha. Ngesikhathi ingabangela izinkinga, abesifazane abaningi abane-placenta previa baqhubeka beba nezingane eziphilile ngokwelashwa okufanele.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu ongayenza ukulandela izincomo zedokotela wakho nokuba qaphele izimpawu zezexwayiso njengokopha. Ungawagcini amanga izimpawu, ngisho noma zibonakala zincinyane. Ukutholakala kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nokuphathwa okuhle kwenza umehluko omkhulu kwimiphumela.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuba ne-placenta previa akubonisi lutho oyenzile okungalungile. Kuyinto eyenzeka ngokungahleliwe engase ihambeke kunoma yiliphi owesifazane okhulelwe. Gxila ekuzinakekeleni kahle nokulandeleni isiqondiso seqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo.

Ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okuphambili namuhla nezindlela zokubhekwa, umbono wabesifazane abane-placenta previa ngokuvamile ubuhle kakhulu. Iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo linolwazi namathuluzi adingekayo ukukusiza wena nengane yakho ngalesi simo ngokuphepha.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwa nge-placenta previa

Ingaphuka yini i-placenta previa yodwa?

Yebo, i-placenta previa ingaphuka yodwa, ikakhulukazi lapho itholakele ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa. Njengoba isibeletho sakho sikhuphuka, i-placenta ngokuvamile ihamba kude ne-cervix. Cishe u-90% wezimo ze-placenta previa ezitholakele ngaphambi kwamasonto angu-20 okukhulelwa ziyaphuka ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Udokotela wakho uzolandelela indawo ye-placenta nge-ultrasound ejwayelekile ukubona ukuthi ihamba yini.

Ingabe i-placenta previa ihlale idinga ukubeletha kwe-cesarean?

I-Placenta previa ephelele ihlale idinga ukubeletha kwe-cesarean ngoba i-placenta ivala ngokuphelele indlela yokubeletha. Noma kunjalo, i-placenta previa engaphelele noma yasemgqeni ingase ivumele ukubeletha kwesizalo kwezinye izimo. Udokotela wakho uzohlola isimo sakho esithile, kuhlanganise nokuthi yingakanani i-cervix yakho ehlanganisiwe nezinye izici, ukuze aqinisekise indlela yokubeletha ephephile kunoma ubani nengane yakho.

Ngingaba ne-placenta previa ekuthwaleni kwami kwangaphambili?

Ukuba ne-placenta previa ekukhulelweni okukodwa kukhuphula ingozi yakho yokuba nayo futhi, kodwa akusho ukuthi kuzokwenzeka. Izinga lokuphindaphinda cishe liyi-2-3%, okusho ukuthi abesifazane abaningi abane-placenta previa kanye abayitholi ekuthwaleni kwabo okulandelayo. Udokotela wakho uzokubhekela eduze ekuthwaleni kwakho okulandelayo futhi angase ancome i-ultrasound yasekuqaleni ukuze ahlole indawo ye-placenta.

Ngingayivimba kanjani i-placenta previa ukuba ingenzeki?

Akunakwenzeka ukuvimba i-placenta previa ngoba kwenzeka ngokungahleliwe ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa lapho i-placenta yakhiwa. Noma kunjalo, unganciphisa ezinye izici zengozi ngokungabhemi, ukugwema ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa, nokugcina impilo enhle ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ukulandela ukunakekelwa okuhle kwangaphambi kokubeletha kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukutholakala kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nokuphathwa okuhle uma i-placenta previa ivela.

Ngingazoba isikhathi esingakanani esibhedlela uma ngine-placenta previa?

Ukuhlala esibhedlela kuyahlukahluka kuye ngesimo sakho esithile. Uma ungopha futhi isimo sakho siqondile, ungase ungadingi ukuhlala esibhedlela nhlobo. Noma kunjalo, uma uqaphela ukopha okukhulu noma ezinye izinkinga, ungase udinga ukuhlala izinsuku ezimbalwa noma amasonto ukuze uqaphelwe. Udokotela wakho uzokunquma indawo ephephile kunoma ubani ngokusekelwe ezimpawu zakho nokuthi ukhulelwe kangakanani.