Ukuthi yini iPolio? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, & Ukwelashwa

I-Polio iwukutheleleka okuyimikrofoni okungabangela ukuqina okungapheli, kodwa kususwe kakhulu ezindaweni eziningi zomhlaba ngenxa yemizamo yokugcoba. Lesi simo, esaziwa nangokuthi yi-poliomyelitis, sihlasela uhlelo lwezinzwa futhi singabangela izinkinga ezingathi sína, yize abantu abaningi abathintekayo bangase bangabonisi zimpawu.

Ukuqonda i-polio kukusiza ukuthi uqonde ukuthi kungani ukugcoba kuhlala kubalulekile, ngisho noma izimo zingeziningi namuhla. Ake sihlole ukuthi lesi simo sihilelani nokuthi sithinta kanjani umzimba.

Ukuthi yini iPolio?

I-Polio yisifo esithathelwanayo esibangelwa yi-poliovirus, esasakazwa umuntu komunye futhi singangena ohlelweni lwezinzwa. I-virus ikakhulukazi ithinta izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-5 ubudala, yize ingathelela abantu banoma iyiphi iminyaka.

Lesi simo sithola igama laso elizwini lesiGreki elithi "polios," elisho oluhlaza, ngoba lithinta inyama oluhlaza yomgogodla. Uma i-virus ifinyelela ohlelweni lwezinzwa, ingabhubhisa amaseli ezinzwa alawula ukunyakaza kwemisipha, okubangela ubuthakathaka noma ukuqina.

Abantu abaningi abathintekayo nge-polio ngeke babe nezimpawu ezinkulu. Noma kunjalo, kwezinye izimo, i-virus ingabangela izinkinga ezisongela ukuphila ezithinta ukuphefumula nokukhahlela.

Ziyini izimpawu zePolio?

Izimpawu ze-polio zihluka kakhulu kuye ngokuthi i-virus ikuthinta kangakanani umzimba wakho. Abantu abaningi abathintekayo nge-polio bangase bangazi ukuthi bayitholile ngoba izimpawu zingaba zithambile noma zingabi khona nhlobo.

Nawa amafomu okuvela kwezimpawu ze-polio, eqala ngezimpawu ezivamile kakhulu:

• Azimpa (abengenayo izimpawu) - Cishe amaphesenti angu-70 abantu abane-infection ababonisi zimpawu zesifo
• Izimpawu ezilula ezifana ne-influenza - Ukuthuthumela, ukuhlunguluka komlomo, ukukhathazeka kwekhanda, ukugabha, ukukhathala, nobuhlungu besisu obuhlala izinsuku ezingu-2-5
• I-polio engapheli - Ukukhathazeka kwekhanda okukhulu, ubunzima bomphimbo nomhlane, ubuhlungu bemisipha, nokuzwela ekukhanyeni
• I-polio ephumulayo - Ukuqala ngokushesha kokubuthakathaka kwemisipha noma ukupheliswa, ngokuvamile kuhlupha imilenze, izandla, noma imisipha yokuphefumula

Uhlobo oluphumulayo luyinkulu kunazo zonke kodwa luhlupha abantu abangaphansi kwephesenti eli-1 abane-infection ye-polio. Uma ukupheliswa kwenzeka, ngokuvamile kuvela ngokushesha ezinsukwini ezimbalwa futhi kungaba okungapheli.

Ezimeni ezingavamile, i-polio ingathinta i-brain stem, iholele ekubeni kunzima ukugwinya, ukukhuluma, noma ukuphefumula. Lolu hlobo, oluthiwa yi-bulbar polio, ludinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha njengoba lungaba yingozi eyingozi.

Imiphi Imikhakha Ye-Polio?

I-Polio ihlelwe ngezinhlobo ezahlukene ngokusekelwe ezingxenyeni zesimiso sezinzwa esithintekile yi-virus. Ukuqonda lezi zinhlobo kusiza ekuchazeni ukuthi kungani abanye abantu bephulukana ngokuphelele ngenkathi abanye bebhekene nezinselele ezihlala njalo.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:

• I-polio ephumula - Ibanga izimpawu ezilula, ezifana ne-influenza, eziqeda phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa ngaphandle kwemiphumela ehlala njalo
• I-polio engapheli - Ihlupha ubuchopho nomgogodla kodwa ayibangeli ukupheliswa, iholele ekubunzimeni nasebuhlungwini
• I-polio ephumula - Yonakalisa ama-motor neurons, ibangele ukubuthakathaka kwemisipha nokupheliswa

I-polio ephumulayo ihlukaniswe ngokwengeziwe zibe izinhlobo ezintathu. I-polio yomgogodla ihlupha umgogodla futhi iyinhlobo evamile kakhulu ephumula, ngokuvamile ibangele ukubuthakathaka emilenzeni nasemgqeni. I-bulbar polio ihlupha i-brain stem futhi ingaphazamisa ukuphefumula, ukugwinya, nokukhuluma.

I-poliyo yebulbospinal ihlanganisa izici zezinhlobo zomgogodla nezika-bulbar. Lolu hlobo oluyimfihlo lungathinta kokubili ukunyakaza kwamahlathi nemisebenzi ebalulekile njengokuphefumula, okwenza kube nzima kakhulu ukuyiphatha.

Yini ebangela i-Polio?

I-Polio ibangelwa yi-poliovirus, i-virus enamathele kakhulu evela emndenini we-enterovirus. Le virus yasakazeka kalula kusuka kumuntu kuya komunye, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezingcolile futhi ezingenayo indawo yamanzi ahlanzekile.

Ngokuvamile i-virus ingena emzimbeni wakho ngomlomo lapho uthola ukudla noma amanzi angcolile. Ingasakazeka futhi ngokuthinta izisu ezingcolile noma amaconsi okuphefumula okuvela ekukhohlweni noma ekukhaleni.

Uma isesimweni sakho, i-virus izala emlonyeni nasemathunjini. Ezimweni eziningi, i-immune system yakho ilwa ngempumelelo ukutheleleka. Kodwa-ke, kwabanye abantu, i-virus ingena egazini futhi ingafinyelela ohlelweni lwezinzwa.

Uma i-poliovirus ihlasela umgogodla noma ubuchopho, ihlasela amaseli ezinzwa okuthiwa yi-motor neurons. La maseli alawula ukunyakaza kwemisipha, futhi uma onakele noma abhujiswe, imisipha abayilawulayo iba buthakathaka noma ibe buhlungu.

I-virus yasakazeka kalula ezimeni eziqongelelene nezokungcola okubi. Abantwana abancane bayathinteka kakhulu ngoba amasimu abo okukhuselwa asathuthuka futhi bangase bangawasebenzisi kahle amasiko okuhlanza izandla.

Nini okufanele ubheke udokotela nge-Polio?

Kufanele ufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma wena noma ingane yakho inezimpawu ezingabonisa i-polio, ikakhulukazi uma awuzange uthintele noma uhambele ezindaweni lapho i-polio isaqhubeka khona. Ukubhekwa kwezokwelapha kwasekuqaleni kubalulekile ekuxilongweni nasekunakekelweni okuhle.

Xhumana nodokotela wakho ngokushesha uma ubona ubuthakathaka bemisipha obuzumayo, ikakhulukazi ezinyaweni noma ezingalweni. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma ubuthakathaka buhambisana nokuvuvukala, ikhanda, noma ubunzima bentamo.

Funani usizo lwezokwelapha oluphuthumayo ngokushesha uma ubhekene nobunzima bokuqeda umoya, ukugwinya, noma ukukhuluma. Lezi zimpawu zingabonisa ukuthi i-virus ithonya imisebenzi ebalulekile futhi idinga ukwelashwa okusheshayo.

Uma ukhombiswe umuntu onayo i-polio noma uhamba ezindaweni lapho i-virus isatholakala khona, tshela umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngisho noma uzizwa kahle. Bangahlola ingozi yakho futhi banqume ukuthi imiphi imigomo yokuvikela edingekayo.

Khumbula ukuthi i-polio iyindlala kakhulu emazweni anemihlelo emihle yokugonywa. Noma kunjalo, ukuhlala ulungile ezimpawu nasekufuneni ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma ukhathazekile kuyindlela efanele njalo.

Yiziphi izimbangi zePolio?

Izici eziningi zingandisa ingozi yakho yokubamba i-polio, yize ukugonywa kunikeza isivikelo esihle kubantu abaningi. Ukuqonda lezi zimbangi kuzokusiza wenze izinqumo ezilwemi mayelana nokuvimbela nokuhamba.

Izimbangi ezibaluleke kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• Ukwehluleka kokugonywa - Ukungagonywa noma ukugonywa okungaphelele kukhuphula kakhulu ingozi yakho
• Iminyaka - Abantwana abaneminyaka engaphansi kwengu-5 banengozi enkulu, yize abantu abadala bangatheleleka futhi
• Ukuya ezindaweni ezithathelwanayo - Ukuvakashela amazwe lapho i-polio isatholakala khona, njenge-Afghanistan nePakistan
• Isimilo somzimba esibuthakathaka - Ukuba nezimo ezinjenge-HIV, umdlavuza, noma ukuthatha imithi yokucindezela isimiso somzimba
• Ukukhulelwa - Abesifazane abakhulelwe bangaba nengozi encane yokuthola izinkinga ezinzima
• Isimo sokuhlala - Izimo zokuhlala eziqine kakhulu ngezindawo ezingcolile zikhuphula ingozi yokudlulisela

Abasebenzi bezempilo nabantu baselebhoratri abaphatha izibonelo ze-poliovirus nabo babhekene nengozi yokubonisana emsebenzini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, abantu abasebenza ezindaweni ezingcolile noma abanakekela abantu abathelelekile bangaba nokubonakala okwandisiwe.

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ukuba uke waba ne-polio akuqinisekisi ukuvikelwa ekuthelelekeni kwesikhathi esizayo, ngoba kukhona izinhlobo ezintathu ze-poliovirus ezahlukene. Noma kunjalo, ukutheleleka ngohlobo olulodwa kunikeza ukhuseleko ngalowo mkhuba othile.

Ziyini Izingozi Ezingase Zibangelwe Yi-Polio?

Nakuba abantu abaningi bephulukana ne-polio ngaphandle kwemiphumela ehlala njalo, lesi simo singabangela ubunzima obukhulu obuthinta ikhwalithi yempilo iminyaka noma ngokuphakade. Ukuqonda le miphumela eyingozi kusiza ukuqonda ukubaluleka kokuvimbela nokunakekelwa kwasekuqaleni.

Izingozi ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• Ukuqina okungapheli - Ubuthakathaka bemisipha noma ukulahleka okuphelele kokunyakaza, okuvamise ukuba yingxaki ezinyaweni
• Izinkinga zokuphefumula - Ubuthakathaka bemisipha yokuphefumula bungadinga ukusekelwa yi-ventilator isikhathi eside
• Ubunzima bokuginya - Izinkinga zokudla nokuphuza, zikhulise ingozi yokukhahlela noma ukungondliwa kahle
• I-Post-polio syndrome - Ubuthakathaka bemisipha obusha nobuhlungu obungase buqale eminyakeni engu-15-40 ngemuva kokubuyela esimweni esijwayelekile
• Ukuwohloka kwemisipha - Ukuwohloka kwemisipha ngenxa yokuntuleka kokukhuthazwa kwama-nerve
• Ukuphambuka kwama-bone - Ukushintsha kwesakhiwo sethambo ngenxa yobuthakathaka bemisipha nokungalingani

I-Post-polio syndrome ifuna ukunakekelwa okukhethekile njengoba ingathinta abantu ababecabanga ukuthi sebephulukile ngokuphelele. Lesi simo sibangela ukuwohloka kancane kancane kwemisipha eyake yathinteka yi-polio, kanye nokuqeda amandla nobuhlungu.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, i-polio ingabangela ukufa, ngokuvamile ngenxa yokwehluleka kokuphefumula lapho i-virus ithinta imisipha edingekayo yokuphefumula. Kungakho ukunakekelwa kwasekuqaleni kwezokwelapha kubaluleke kakhulu lapho kuvela ubunzima bokuphefumula.

I-Polio Ingavikeleka Kanjani?

Ukuvimbela i-Polio kunomphumela omkhulu futhi kuncike ikakhulu ekugwetshweni, okususule leli gciwane ezindaweni eziningi emhlabeni. Isifo se-polio yisinyathelo esiphephile futhi esisebenza kahle kakhulu.

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zezifo ze-polio. Isifo se-polio esingasebenzi (IPV) sinikezwa ngesibopho futhi sisetshenziswa emazweni amaningi, kuhlanganise ne-United States. Isifo se-polio somlomo (OPV) yisiselo esinikezwa ngomlomo futhi sisasetshenziswa kwamanye amazwe emikhankasweni yokugwetshwa yebandla.

Abantwana bavame ukuthola isifo se-IPV eneminyaka engu-2, izinyanga ezine, izinyanga eziyi-6-18, neminyaka engu-4-6. Lo mkhuba unikeza isivikelo esihle kakhulu ezinhlotsheni ezintathu ze-poliovirus.

Abantu abadala abasezingozini ezikhulayo, njengabasebenzi bezempilo noma abahamba emazweni ane-endemic, bangadinga izithombe ezikhulayo. Udokotela wakho anganquma uma udinga ukugwetshwa okwengeziwe ngokuya ngezinto ezikuyingozi.

Imikhuba emihle yokuhlanzeka iyasiza ekunciphiseni ukudluliselwa kwe-polio. Geza izandla zakho njalo ngesepha namanzi, ikakhulukazi ngemuva kokusebenzisa igumbi lokugezela nangaphambi kokudla. Gwema ukwabelana ngokudla noma iziphuzo nabanye, futhi qaphela ukuphepha kokudla namanzi uma uhamba.

I-Polio Ihlonishwa Kanjani?

Ukuhlola i-polio kuhilela ukuxuba kokuhlolwa kwemithi kanye nezivivinyo zelebhu, njengoba izimpawu zingafana nezinye izifo ezibangelwa yi-viral. Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokubuyekeza izimpawu zakho kanye nomlando wakho wezokwelapha, ukunaka ngokukhethekile isimo sakho sokugwetshwa.

Ukuhlolwa komzimba kugxila ekubhekeni ubuthakathaka bemisipha, ukubonakala, kanye nezimpawu zokuqina. Udokotela wakho uzovivinya amandla emisipha yakho futhi abheke iphethini ebonakalayo yobunqamana obuvame ukubangelwa yi-polio.

Izivivinyo zelebhu kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukuxilongwa. Uvivinyo oluvamile kakhulu luhilela ukuhlaziya amasampula ezinto ezivela emgqeni, izisu, noma emathunjini ukuze kutholakale i-poliovirus. Lezi zihloko zingakwazi ukubona i-virus futhi zibone ukuthi iyiphi uhlobo oluyimbangela yokutheleleka.

Ukugwazwa kwesundu (ukugwazwa kwe-lumbar) kungase kwenziwe ukuhlola i-cerebrospinal fluid ezungezile ubuchopho bakho nomgogodla. Lovivinyo lungabonisa izimpawu zokutheleleka kwe-viral futhi lusize ekususeni ezinye izimo eziholela ezimpawu ezifanayo.

Kweminye imicimbi, ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe njengokuhlolwa kokusabalala kwama-nerve noma i-electromyography (EMG) kungase kusetshenziswe ukuhlola umsebenzi wezinzwa nemisipha. Lezi zivivinyo zisiza ekuqondeni ubukhulu bokulimala kwezinzwa futhi ziqondise uhlelo lokwelapha.

Iyini Ukwelashwa Kwe-Polio?

Okwamanje, ayikho imithi ekhethekile ye-polio, ngakho ukwelashwa kugxila ekuphatheni izimpawu, ukuvimbela izinkinga, nokusekela inqubo yokwelapha yemvelo yomzimba wakho. Indlela iyancika ebukhulu bezimpawu zakho nokuthi yiziphi izinhlelo zomzimba ezihilelekile.

Kwimeko elula enezimpawu ezifana ne-influenza, ukwelashwa kuhlanganisa ukuphumula, abaphuli bobuhlungu njenge-acetaminophen noma i-ibuprofen, kanye noketshezi okuningi. Udokotela wakho angakuncoma ukuthi uhlale ekhaya ukuze ugweme ukusabalalisa ukutheleleka kwabanye.

Iziqephu ezinzima kakhulu zidinga ukungena esibhedlela ukuze kutholakale ukunakekelwa okusekayo. Lokhu kungafaka phakathi ukuqeqeshwa komzimba ukuze kugcinwe umsebenzi wemisipha, ukuqeqeshwa komsebenzi ukuze kusize emisebenzini yansuku zonke, kanye nokusekelwa kokuphefumula uma imisipha yokuphefumula ithonya.

Uma uthola ubuthakathaka, ukwelashwa kugxila ekuvimbeleni izinkinga nokuthuthukisa umsebenzi osalele khona. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukubekwa ukuvimbela ukungasebenzi kahle kwemisipha, ukuphathwa kobuhlungu, namadivayisi okusiza njenge-braces noma izihlalo zezincinci ukuze kusize ekuhambeni.

Ukusekelwa kokuphefumula kuya kusuka ekwelapheni nge-oksijini kuye ekuphefumuleni ngemishini, kuye ngokuthi ukukhuluphala kokuphefumula kunzima kangakanani. Abanye abantu bangadinga ukusekelwa yi-ventilator isikhathi eside, okungaphathwa ekhaya ngezinto nezindlela zokunakekela ezifanele.

Kufanele Uthathe Kanjani Ukwelashwa Ekhaya Ngesikhathi Une-Polio?

Ukukhathalelwa ekhaya nge-polio kugxile ekusekeleni ukuphulukana, ukuphatha izimpawu, nokuvimbela izinkinga ngenkathi usebenzisana eduze neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Ukukhathalelwa okuqondile okudingekayo kuncike ezimpawu zakho nobunzima besimo sakho.

Ukuphumula kubalulekile ekuphulukiseni, ngakho-ke dala indawo enhle ekuvumela ukuthi ulale kahle uphumule. Gwema imisebenzi enzima engalimaza ubuthakathaka bemisipha noma ukukhathala.

Ukuphathwa kobuhlungu ekhaya kuhlanganisa ukusebenzisa imithi eyalwe njengoba kuqondiswe nokufaka ama-heat noma ama-cold packs emisipha ebuhlungu. Ukumomotheka okuthambile kungasiza ebuhlungwini bemisipha, kodwa gwema noma yini ebangela ukwanda kokungakhululeki.

Gcina ukudla okuhle nokugcwala kwamanzi ukuze usekele isimo sakho sokuvikela nomzimba wakho jikelele. Uma ukugwinya kunzima, sebenzisana nodokotela wezwi noma umhlaziyi wokudla ukuthola izindlela ezifanele zokudla nokuphuza.

Landela imisebenzi yakho yokuqeqeshwa komzimba ngokwethembeka, njengoba lokhu kusiza ekuqondiseni amandla emisipha nokuvimbela ukungasebenzi kahle. Ngisho nemisebenzi ethambile yokuhambisa ingenza umehluko omkhulu ekuphulukiseni kwakho.

Qapha izimpawu zakho ngokucophelela futhi uxhumane nodokotela wakho uma ubona noma yikuphi ukwanda, ikakhulukazi ukuphefumula okuthandekayo, ubuthakathaka obukhulu, noma ubuhlungu obukhulu. Gcina yonke imiqhudelwano yokulandelela ukuze uqaphele intuthuko yakho futhi ulungise ukwelashwa njengoba kudingeka.

Kufanele Uzilungiselele Kanjani Ukuya Kulodokotela?

Ukulungiselela ukuya kudo kotela kuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola izinzuzo eziningi ekuhambeleni kwakho futhi kusiza umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuba enze izinqumo ezinhle mayelana nokukhathalelwa kwakho. Ukulungiselela okuhle kungasindisa isikhathi futhi kuholele eziphumeleni ezinhle.

Ngaphambi kokubhekana nodokotela wakho, bhala phansi wonke amazingo akho, kuhlanganise nokuthi aqale nini nokuthi ashintshe kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Chaza ngokuningiliziwe ngokuqina kwemisipha, amazinga ohlungu, nanoma yiziphi izinselele zokuphefumula, ukugwinya, noma ukukhuluma.

Letha uhlu oluphelele lwazo zonke izidakamizwa ozithathayo, kuhlanganise nezinye izidakamizwa nezithasiselo. Futhi, butha ulwazi mayelana nomlando wakho wokugonywa, ikakhulukazi izigonyo ze-polio, nanoma iyiphi uhambo lwamuva.

Lungiselela uhlu lwemibuzo okumele uyibuze udokotela wakho. Lokhu kungafaka imibuzo mayelana neprognosis yakho, izinketho zokwelashwa, ukulinganiselwa kwemisebenzi, nokuthi ungalindela nini ukuthola ukuthuthuka.

Cabanga ukuthi ulethe ilungu lomndeni noma umngani ekubhekaneni nodokotela, ikakhulu uma uzizwa ungaphili kahle noma ukhathazekile. Bangakusiza ukuba ukhumbule ulwazi olubalulekile futhi banikeze ukwesekwa ngokomzwelo.

Uma une-inshurensi, letha amakhadi akho we-inshurensi nanoma yiziphi izinkomba ezingase zidingeke. Futhi, letha uhlu lwabanye abahlinzeki bakho bezempilo ukuze udokotela wakho akwazi ukuhlanganisa ukunakekelwa kwakho uma kudingeka.

Iyini Iphuzu Eliyinhloko Mayelana Ne-Polio?

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyiqonde nge-polio ukuthi iyisifo esinzima kodwa esivimbeka kakhulu ngenxa yokugonywa okuphumelelayo. Nakuba i-polio ngesikhathi esidlule yayibangela ukwesaba okubanzi nokukhubazeka, izinhlelo zokugonywa ziyisusile eziningi zezwe.

Uma wena noma ingane yakho anigonywanga nge-polio, akukaze kube sekude kakhulu ukuqala. Isithombe sokugoma siphephile, siphumelela, futhi sinikeza isivikelo esihle kakhulu kuleli gciwane elingalimaza kakhulu.

Kwabantu abake baba ne-polio, ukunakekelwa okqhubekayo kwezokwelapha nokubuyiselwa kwempilo kungasiza ekulawuleni izimpawu nokwenza impilo ibe ngcono. Abantu abaningi abake baba ne-polio baphila impilo egcwele, ezuzisayo ngokwesekwa okufanele nokwelashwa.

Hlala unolwazi nge-polio, ikakhulukazi uma uhlela ukuya ezindaweni lapho isifo sisatholakala khona. Sebenzisana nodokotela wakho ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi uvikelwe kahle futhi wazi izimpawu okufanele uzilandele.

Khumbula ukuthi nakuba i-polio ingaba yingozi, abantu abaningi ababethelwe bayaphila ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwemiphumela ehlala njalo. Okubalulekile ukuvimbela ngokugonywa nokufuna ukunakekelwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi uma izimpawu ziveleka.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Nge-Polio

Ungasathola yini i-polio uma usugociwe?

Isithombe se-polio siphumelela kakhulu, sinikeza isivikelo esingu-99% ezinhlwini ezintathu ze-poliovirus ngemuva kokuphothula uchungechunge oluphelele. Nakuba ukutheleleka okungapheli kuyenzeka ngokwezindlela, kuyinselele kakhulu kubantu abamukelwe uchungechunge oluphelele lokugonywa. Isivikelo sesithombe sicatshangelwa ukuba siphile impilo yonke kubantu abaningi.

Ingabe i-polio isengozini namuhla?

I-polio ihlala iyingozi emazweni ambalwa, ikakhulukazi e-Afghanistan nasePakistan, lapho i-virus isaqhubeka khona. Noma kunjalo, kuyinselele kakhulu ezindaweni eziningi emhlabeni ngenxa yemizamo yokugonywa. Ingozi yabahambi bayo kulezi zindawo iphansi kodwa ayiyona eyayingapheli, ikakhulukazi kubantu abangagonywanga. Izinhlangano zezempilo zomhlaba ziyaqhubeka nokusebenza ekuqothulweni okuphelele.

Iyini i-post-polio syndrome futhi ubani oyitholayo?

I-Post-polio syndrome yisimo esingathuthuka eminyakeni engu-15-40 ngemuva kokubuyela ephilile e-polio, elima abantu abangu-25-40% abasinda e-polio. Libangela ubuthakathaka bemisipha emisha, ukukhathala, nobuhlungu bemisipha eyayithintekile ngaphambili. Imbangela eqondile ayiqondakali ngokuphelele, kodwa kubonakala sengathi ivela ekuwohlokeni kancane kancane kwezinxephezo zezinzwa ezazonakaliswe ngesikhathi sokutheleleka kokuqala.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukubuyela ephilile e-polio?

Ukuphulukana nobuhlungu be-polio kuyahlukahluka kakhulu kuye ngokuthi ukutheleleka kwakubi kangakanani. Abantu abanezimpawu ezilula bangase baphulile ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuya emavikini. Labo abane-polio ephulukisayo bangase babone ukuthuthuka ezinyangeni eziningi kuya eminyakeni emibili, kanti iningi lokuphulukana kwenzeka ezinyangeni eziyisithupha zokuqala. Abanye abantu bangase babe nokukhubazeka okungapheli, kanti abanye baphulile iningi noma yonke imisebenzi yabo.

Abantu abadala bangathola yini i-polio, noma ithinta kuphela izingane?

Nakuba izingane ezingaphansi kweminyaka emi-5 zisesengozini enkulu ye-polio, abantu abadala bangatheleleka nakanjani. Empeleni abantu abadala bangase babe nezimpawu ezinzima uma betheleleka. Abantu abadala abangagonywanga, ikakhulu labo abanezimpande zomzimba ezibuthakathaka noma labo abahamba emazweni lapho kukhona khona i-polio, kufanele baxoxe ngokugoma nodokotela wabo.