Ukwehluleka Kokukhulelwa (Ukukhulelwa Okuphulukileyo)? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

Ukwehluleka kokukhulelwa, okuvame ukubizwa ngokuthi ukukhulelwa okuphulukileyo, kuyisiphelo semvelo sokukhulelwa ngaphambi kwamasonto angu-20 okukhulelwa. Lesi sipiliyoni sithinta cishe amaphesenti angu-10-20 wokukhulelwa okwaziwayo, okwenza kube luqobo kunalokho abantu abaningi abakuqondayo.

Nakuba igama elithi "ukukhulelwa okuphulukileyo" lingase lizwakale liyisayensi, limelela isipiliyoni esiyimfihlo kakhulu esingaletha imizwa eqinile. Ukuqonda ukuthi kwenzekani ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa okuphulukileyo kungakusiza uzizwe ulungile futhi usekwe ngalesi sikhathi esinzima.

Kuyini ukukhulelwa okuphulukileyo?

Ukukhulelwa okuphulukileyo kwenzeka lapho ukukhulelwa kuphela ngokwemvelo ngaphambi kokuba ingane ikwazi ukuphila ngaphandle kwesisu. Iningi lokukhulelwa okuphulukileyo kwenzeka ekhathini lokuqala lokukhulelwa, ngokuvamile phakathi kwamasonto angu-6-12 okukhulelwa.

Umkhabo wakho uphelisa ukukhulelwa ngokwemvelo lapho ingane ezikhulayo ingakwazi ukuqhubeka ikhula ngokujwayelekile. Lo mqondo, nakuba ubuhlungu, ngokuvamile iyindlela yomzimba wakho yokuphendula ekuhlangenwe nakho kwe-chromosomal noma ezinye izinkinga zokukhula ezingavimbela ukukhulelwa okunempilo.

Ochwepheshe bezempilo bahlukanisa ukukhulelwa okuphulukileyo ngezinhlobo ezahlukene ngokusekelwe ezikhathini nasezimeni. Ukukhulelwa okuphulukileyo kwasekuqaleni kwenzeka ngaphambi kwamasonto angu-13, kuyilapho ukukhulelwa okuphulukileyo kwasekupheleni kwenzeka phakathi kwamasonto angu-13-20.

Ziyini izimpawu zokukhulelwa okuphulukileyo?

Izimpawu zokukhulelwa okuphulukileyo zingase zihluke kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu. Abanye abantu baye baba nezimpawu ezicacile, kanti abanye abangabe bengenawo ukuma okungakaze kube khona.

Izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ongaziqaphela zihlanganisa:

• Ukuphuma kwegazi kwesikhumba okungase kuqale kube lukhulu bese kuba nzima
• Ukuqina noma ubuhlungu esiswini sakho esisezantsi noma emuva
• Ukudlula kwezicubu noma ama-clots e-vagina yakho
• Ukuncipha okungazelelwe kwezimpawu zokukhulelwa njengokuphefumula noma ubuhlungu besifuba
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu obungaphuli ngokuphumula

Kodwa-ke, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi ukuphuma kwegazi okuncane noma ukuqina okuncane ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwasekuqaleni akusho njalo ukukhulelwa okuphulukileyo. Abantu abaningi baye baba nalezi zimpawu futhi baqhubeka bekhulelwa impilo.

Kwezinye izimo, ungase ungabi nazimpawu nhlobo. Lolu hlobo lokukhulelwa okuphulukileyo, oluthiwa ukukhulelwa okuphulukileyo okungabonakali, kuvame ukutholakala ngesikhathi se-ultrasound ejwayelekile lapho kungekho mkhulu onqunyiwe.

Ziyini izinhlobo zokukhulelwa okuphulukileyo?

Abanikezeli bezempilo bahlukanisa ukukhulelwa okuphulukileyo ngezinhlobo eziningi ngokusekelwe kulokho okwenzekayo emzimbeni wakho. Ukuqonda lezi zigaba kungakusiza uxhumane kangcono neqembu lakho lezokwelapha.

Izinhlobo eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:

• Ukukhulelwa okuyingozi okuphulukileyo: Unegazi nokuqina, kodwa i-cervix yakho ihlala ivaliwe futhi ukukhulelwa kungaqhubeka
• Ukukhulelwa okuphulukileyo okungenakugwenywa: I-cervix yakho ivuliwe futhi ukukhulelwa akunakwenzeka
• Ukukhulelwa okuphulukileyo okungaphelele: Ezinye izicubu zokukhulelwa ziye zadlula, kodwa ezinye zihlala esiswini sakho
• Ukukhulelwa okuphulukileyo okuqediwe: Zonke izicubu zokukhulelwa ziye zadlula ngokwemvelo emzimbeni wakho
• Ukukhulelwa okuphulukileyo okungabonakali: Ukukhulelwa kuphelile kodwa umzimba wakho awukawukhishanga izicubu
• Ukwehluleka kokukhulelwa okuphindaphindayo: Ukwehluleka kokukhulelwa okulandelanayo okungu-3 noma ngaphezulu

Uhlobo ngalunye lungadinga izindlela ezahlukene zokwelapha nokulandelela. Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzobona ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo olukuhlangabezana nalo ngokuhlolwa komzimba kanye ne-ultrasound.

Ziyini izimbangela zokukhulelwa okuphulukileyo?

Iningi lokukhulelwa okuphulukileyo kwenzeka ngenxa yezinkinga ze-chromosomal kwingane ezikhulayo. Lezi zinkinga ze-genetic zenzeka ngokungahleliwe ngesikhathi sokuqala futhi azibangelwa yilutho owalwenza noma awungenzanga.

Izimbangela ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• Izinkinga ze-chromosomal (ezibangela cishe amaphesenti angu-50-60 okukhulelwa okuphulukileyo kwasekuqaleni)
• Ukungahluzeki kwamahomoni okuthinta ukukhiqizwa kwamahomoni okukhulelwa
• Izinkinga zesakhiwo sesisu noma i-cervix
• Ukutheleleka okukhulu okuthinta ukukhulelwa okukhula
• Izifo ze-autoimmune ezivusa ukukhulelwa
• I-diabetes engalawulwa noma izifo ze-thyroid

Izimbangela ezingavamile kodwa ezingaba khona zihlanganisa imithi ethile, ukubonisana nezinto eziyingozi zemvelo, noma ukulimala okukhulu. Kodwa-ke, imisebenzi yansuku zonke evamile, ukuzivocavoca, ukucindezeleka emsebenzini, noma ukulala kwesondo akubangeli ukukhulelwa okuphulukileyo.

Kwezinye izimo, ikakhulukazi ngokwehluleka kokukhulelwa kokuqala, odokotela abanakukwazi ukubona imbangela ethile. Lokhu kungabaza kungase kuzwakale kuyadumaza, kodwa kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi iningi lokukhulelwa okuphulukileyo alinakugwenywa.

Nini okufanele ubona udokotela ngokukhulelwa okuphulukileyo?

Kufanele uxhumane nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nokuphuma kwegazi okukhulu, ubuhlungu obukhulu, noma izimpawu zokutheleleka ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ungalindi ukubona uma izimpawu ziphulukana zodwa.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma une:

• Ukuphuma kwegazi okunqanda ama-pads angaphezu kwamabili ngehora ngamahora amabili alandelayo
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besisu noma esiswini esingaphenduli emithi yokulwa nobuhlungu
• Ukuthuthumela okuphezulu ku-100.4°F (38°C) ngokuthuthumela
• Ukuphuma kwegazi okunuka kabi
• Ukuqina noma ukuhlupheka
• Izimpawu zokushona njengokubetha kwenhliziyo okusheshayo noma ukuphefumula okunzima

Ngisho noma izimpawu zakho zibonakala zingenamandla, kuhlale kungcono ukubiza udokotela wakho ukuze uthole isiqondiso. Bangakusiza baqonde ukuthi udinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha noma ungalinda ngokuphepha isikhathi sokumiwa.

Uma ucindezela ukuthi uhlangabezana nokukhulelwa okuphulukileyo kodwa awunazo izimpawu eziphuthumayo, xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo phakathi namahora angu-24. Bangase bafune ukukubona ngokushesha noma bakuhlelele ukulandelela.

Ziyini izici ezingaba yingozi zokukhulelwa okuphulukileyo?

Nakuba ukukhulelwa okuphulukileyo kungenzeka kubo bonke, izici ezithile zingase zikhulise ingozi yakho. Ukuqonda lezi zici kungakusiza wena nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo nilandele ukukhulelwa kwakho eduze.

Ubudala buwumsebenzi obalulekile engcupheni yokukhulelwa okuphulukileyo. Amathuba ayanda kancane ngemuva kweminyaka engu-35 futhi ngokukhulu ngemuva kweminyaka engu-40, ikakhulukazi ngenxa yokwanda kwezinkinga ze-chromosomal kuma-eggs.

Isimo sezempilo esingase sikhulise ingozi sihlanganisa:

• Ukwehluleka kokukhulelwa kwangaphambili (ikakhulukazi ukwehluleka okuningi)
• I-diabetes engalawulwa kahle
• Izifo ze-thyroid
• Izimo ze-autoimmune njenge-lupus noma i-antiphospholipid syndrome
• I-polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
• Ukungahluzeki kwesisu noma i-cervix
• I-kidney disease enzima

Izici zesitayela sokuphila njengokubhema, ukusebenzisa utshwala kakhulu, noma ukusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezingamthetho kungase futhi kukhulise ingozi yakho. Kodwa-ke, ukuba nezici ezingaba yingozi akusho ukuthi uzohlangabezana ngokuqinisekile nokukhulelwa okuphulukileyo.

Abantu abaningi abanezici eziningi ezingaba yingozi baqhubeka bekhulelwa impilo ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okufanele nokulandelwa.

Ziyini izinhlanganisela ezingaba khona zokukhulelwa okuphulukileyo?

Nakuba iningi lokukhulelwa okuphulukileyo lixazululeka ngaphandle kwezinhlanganisela, ezinye izimo zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ukuvimbela izinkinga ezinkulu zezempilo. Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzokulandela eduze ukuze abone noma yiziphi izinkinga ngokushesha.

Izinhlanganisela zomzimba zingabandakanya:

• Ukukhulelwa okuphulukileyo okungaphelele okudingayo ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha noma ukwelashwa okuyisikhafu
• Ukuphuma kwegazi okukhulu okungase kube yimbangela ye-anemia noma kudinge ukudluliselwa kwegazi
• Ukutheleleka kwesisu (endometritis) uma izicubu zihlala khona
• Ukwenza ama-scars esiswini ngenxa yokuphindaphinda izinqubo
• Izifo zokugqwala kwegazi ezimweni ezingavamile

Izinhlanganisela zomzwelo nazo kubalulekile ukuzixazulula. Abantu abaningi baye baba lusizi, ukucindezeleka, ukukhathazeka, noma ukucindezeleka kobuhlobo ngemuva kokukhulelwa okuphulukileyo. Le mizwa iyajwayelekile futhi iyalungile.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi iningi lezinhlanganisela liyaphatheka uma litholwe ngokushesha. Iqembu lakho lezokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizohlangana nawe ukuvimbela nokulawula noma yiziphi izinkinga ezivela.

Ukukhulelwa okuphulukileyo kunqunywa kanjani?

Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzosebenzisa izindlela eziningi ukuqinisekisa ukukhulelwa okuphulukileyo futhi anqume indlela engcono kakhulu yokwenza. Inqubo yokuxilonga ngokuvamile iqala ngokuhlolwa komzimba nomlando wezokwelapha.

Izivivinyo ezivamile zokuxilonga zihlanganisa:

• Ukuhlolwa kwesisu ukuhlola i-cervix yakho nokulinganisa ukuphuma kwegazi
• Izivivinyo zegazi ukuthola amazinga e-hormone yokukhulelwa (hCG)
• I-ultrasound ukubona ukukhulelwa nokubheka ukushaya kwenhliziyo yengane
• Ukubala kwegazi okuphelele ukuhlola i-anemia evela ekuphumeni kwegazi
• Uhlobo lwegazi nokuhlolwa kwe-Rh factor

Udokotela wakho angase aphinde aqhubeke nezivivinyo zegazi izinsuku eziningi ukuze alandele ukuguquka kwamazinga e-hormone. Ekuthomeni okunempilo, amazinga e-hCG ngokuvamile ayanda kabili njalo emahoreni angu-48-72 ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwasekuqaleni.

Ngezinye izikhathi ukuxilongwa akucaci ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi ekuqaleni kakhulu kokukhulelwa. Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo angase akukhuthaze ukulandelela ngokuphindaphinda izivivinyo izinsuku eziningi ukuze aqonde ukuthi kwenzekani.

Kuyini ukwelashwa kokukhulelwa okuphulukileyo?

Ukwelashwa kokukhulelwa okuphulukileyo kuncike ohlotsheni lokukhulelwa okuphulukileyo nezimo zakho. Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzoqondisa izinketho ezinhle kakhulu ngokusekelwe esimweni sakho nesifiso.

Izindlela ezintathu eziyinhloko zokwelapha zihlanganisa:

• Ukulawulwa okulindelekile: Ukulinda ukuba umzimba wakho udlulise izicubu zokukhulelwa ngokwemvelo
• Ukulawulwa kwezokwelapha: Ukuthatha imithi ukuze usize umzimba wakho ukhiphe izicubu
• Ukulawulwa okuyisikhafu: Inqubo encane ebizwa ngokuthi i-dilation and curettage (D&C) ukususa izicubu

Ukulawulwa okulindelekile kusebenza kahle kubantu abaningi, ikakhulukazi ngokukhulelwa okuphulukileyo okuqediwe. Lendlela ivumela umzimba wakho ukuthi uqedele inqubo ngokwemvelo, okungathatha izinsuku ezimbalwa kuya emavikini ambalwa.

Ukulawulwa kwezokwelapha kubandakanya ukuthatha imithi njenge-misoprostol ukuze usize isisu sakho siqine futhi sikhiphe izicubu. Le nketho ngokuvamile isebenza phakathi kwamahora angu-24-48 futhi ingase ibe yimbangela yokuqina nokuphuma kwegazi.

Ukulawulwa okuyisikhafu kunikeza isisombululo esisheshayo futhi kungase kunconywe uma unegazi elikhulu, izimpawu zokutheleleka, noma ukhetha indlela eqinisekile. Inqubo ngokuvamile yenziwa njengokwelashwa kwangaphandle.

Indlela yokuphatha ekhaya ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa okuphulukileyo?

Ukuphatha ukukhulelwa okuphulukileyo ekhaya kudinga ukunakekelwa komzimba nomzwelo. Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uyonika imiyalo ethile ngokusekelwe ehlelweni lakho lokwelashwa nezidingo zakho.

Ukududuza komzimba, ungakwazi:

• Sebenzisa ama-heating pads noma ama-baths afudumele ukuze ukhulule ukuqina
• Thatha imithi yokulwa nobuhlungu ngokusekelwe kulokho udokotela wakho akusho
• Phumula ngangokunokwenzeka futhi ugweme imisebenzi enzima
• Hlala uthola amanzi anempilo futhi udle ukudla okunempilo uma uzizwa ukhululekile
• Sebenzisa ama-pads esikhumba esikhumba esikhulu kunokusebenzisa ama-tampons
• Gwema ubuhlobo besondo kuze kube yilapho uhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ekukhulule

Landelela izimpawu zakho ngokucophelela futhi ubizela udokotela wakho uma ukuphuma kwegazi kuba nzima kakhulu, ubuhlungu bukhulu, noma uthola ukuthuthumela noma ukuthuthumela.

Ukusekelwa komzwelo kubaluleke kakhulu ngalesi sikhathi. Zivumele ukulila futhi ungasheshisi inqubo yokwelapha. Cabanga ngokufuna usizo kubacebisi, amaqembu wokusekela, noma abangane nabathandekayo abathembekile.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani isikhathi sakho sokuya kudokotela?

Ukulungiselela isikhathi sakho sokuya kudokotela kungakusiza uthole okuningi ngesikhathi sakho nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Bhala phansi imibuzo yakho nezinkathazo zakho ngaphambi kwesikhathi ukuze ungakhohlwa lutho olubalulekile.

Ngaphambi kwesikhathi sakho sokuya kudokotela, buza ulwazi mayelana:

• Lapho izimpawu zakho zaqala futhi ziguquke kanjani
• Inani nohlobo lokuphuma kwegazi ohlangabezane nalo
• Noma yiluphi ubuhlungu noma ukuqina ohlangabezane nalo
• Usuku lokugcina lwesikhathi sakho
• Noma iyiphi imithi noma izongezo ozithathayo
• Umlando wakho wokukhulelwa kwangaphambili

Letha uhlu lwemibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza udokotela wakho. Ungase ufune ukwazi ngokunakekelwa okulandelayo, uma ungazama ukukhulelwa futhi, noma ukuthi yini okulindelekile ngesikhathi sokuphulukana.

Cabanga ngokuletha umlingani noma umngane osekela. Bangakusiza ukuba ukhumbule ulwazi futhi banike ukusekelwa komzwelo ngesikhathi esinzima.

Yini eyinhloko yokuthatha ngokukhulelwa okuphulukileyo?

Ukukhulelwa okuphulukileyo kuyisipiliyoni esivamile esithinta abantu abaningi, futhi kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuthi akuyona iphutha lakho. Iningi lokukhulelwa okuphulukileyo kwenzeka ngenxa yezinkinga ze-chromosomal ezenzeka ngokungahleliwe futhi azinakugwenywa.

Nakuba lesi sipiliyoni singase sibe sibi ngokomzwelo, abantu abaningi abahlangabezana nokukhulelwa okuphulukileyo baqhubeka bekhulelwa impilo esikhathini esizayo. Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo angakusiza uqonde isimo sakho futhi uhlele ukukhulelwa kwesikhathi esizayo.

Thatha isikhathi sokulila nokuphulukisa kokubili ngokomzimba nangokomzwelo. Funani ukusekelwa kubanikezeli bezempilo, abacebisi, amaqembu wokusekela, noma abathandekayo. Khumbula ukuthi wonke umuntu uqeda usizi ngendlela ehlukile, futhi ayikho "indlela efanele" yokulila.

Uma uhlela ukuzama ukukhulelwa futhi, xoxa ngesikhathi nanoma yiziphi izinyathelo ezidingekayo nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo. Bangakusiza uthuthukise impilo yakho futhi uqonde noma yiziphi izinkathazo zokukhulelwa kwesikhathi esizayo.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana nokukhulelwa okuphulukileyo

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphulukana ngokomzimba ngemuva kokukhulelwa okuphulukileyo?

Ukuphulukana komzimba ngokuvamile kuthatha amasonto angu-2-6, kuye ngokuthi wawukhulelwe kangakanani nokwelashwa okwamukele. Isikhathi sakho sokuqala sivame ukubuyela phakathi kwamasonto angu-4-6. Kodwa-ke, ukuphulukisa komzwelo ngokuvamile kuthatha isikhathi eside kakhulu futhi kuyahluka kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu.

Ngingazama nini ukukhulelwa futhi ngemuva kokukhulelwa okuphulukileyo?

Iningi labanikezeli bezempilo likusikisela ukulinda kuze kube yilapho utholile isikhathi sakho esivamile sokuqala ngaphambi kokuzamana ukukhulelwa futhi. Lokhu kuvumela umzimba wakho ukuthi uphulukise futhi kusiza ngokulinganisa okuqondile kokukhulelwa kwesikhathi esizayo. Kodwa-ke, isikhathi singase sihluke ngokusekelwe ezimweni zakho futhi uhlobo lokukhulelwa okuphulukileyo ohlangabezane nalo.

Ingabe ukukhulelwa okuphulukileyo kuzothinta ikhono lami lokuba nezingane esikhathini esizayo?

Abantu abaningi abahlangabezana nokukhulelwa okuphulukileyo bangakwazi ukukhulelwa futhi baqhubeke bekhulelwa impilo esikhathini esizayo. Ukuba nokukhulelwa okuphulukileyo okukodwa akukhulizi kakhulu ingozi yokulahlekelwa kwesikhathi esizayo. Ngisho nabantu abahlangabezana nokukhulelwa okuphulukileyo okuphindaphindayo ngokuvamile baqhubeka bekhulelwa impilo ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okufanele.

Ingabe ngidinga izivivinyo ezikhethekile ngemuva kokukhulelwa okuphulukileyo okukodwa?

Ngemva kokukhulelwa okuphulukileyo okukodwa, ukuhlolwa okuningi ngokuvamile akudingeki ngoba iningi lokukhulelwa okuphulukileyo kwenzeka ngenxa yezinkinga ze-chromosomal ezingahleliwe. Umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo angase akukhuthaze ukuhlolwa uma uhlangabezane nokwehluleka okuningi, unezici ezithile ezingaba yingozi, noma uma kwakukhona izimo ezingavamile ezihlanganiswe nokulahlekelwa kwakho.

Ingabe kuyinto evamile ukuzwa ulaka, usizi, noma icala ngemuva kokukhulelwa okuphulukileyo?

Yebo, ukuhlangabezana nezinhlobo eziningi zemizwa ngemuva kokukhulelwa okuphulukileyo kuyinto evamile futhi iyalungile. Usizi, ukudabuka, ulaka, icala, ngisho nokuthula konke kuyizimpendulo ezivamile. Le mizwa ingase ifike iye futhi ngamaza, futhi ayikho "indlela efanele" yokulila. Cabanga ngokufuna usizo kubacebisi abakhethekile ekulahlekelweni kokukhulelwa uma uhlupheka ukubhekana nalo.