Ukuhluleka Kwesisu Ngokushesha? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

Ukuhluleka kwesisu ngo kushesha kwenzeka lapho ama-ovari akho ayeka ukusebenza ngokujwayelekile ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-40. Lokhu kusho ukuthi ayeka ukukhulula amaqanda njalo futhi akhiqize amazinga aphansi kakhulu e-estrogen kunalokho okufanele kube khona kumuntu oneminyaka yakho.

Cabanga ngakho njengama-ovari akho athatha umhlalaphansi ngokushesha lapho kufanele asebenze ngokusebenzayo. Nakuba lokhu kungase kuzwakale kukhululekile ukufunda ngakho, ukuqonda ukuthi kwenzekani emzimbeni wakho yisinyathelo sokuqala sokuthola ukunakekelwa okulungile nokwesekwa okudingayo.

Kuyini ukuhluleka kwesisu ngo kushesha?

Ukuhluleka kwesisu ngo kushesha, okuthiwa futhi yi-primary ovarian insufficiency, kwenzeka lapho ama-ovari akho ayeka ukusebenza kahle ngaphambi kokuba ufinyelele iminyaka yokuqala yokuqala yokuqala. Ama-ovari akho ayeka ukukhulula amaqanda ngokuphelele noma enza kanjalo ngokungajwayelekile kakhulu, futhi akhiqize i-estrogen ne-progesterone encane kakhulu.

Lesi simo sihlupha cishe owesifazane oyedwa kwabayi-100 abaneminyaka engaphansi kuka-40 nowesifazane oyedwa kwabayi-1,000 abaneminyaka engaphansi kuka-30. Ngokungafani nokuqala okuqala okuzenzakalelayo okwenzeka kancane kancane eminyakeni engu-50, ukuhluleka kwesisu ngo kushesha kungase kuqhubeke ngokuzumayo noma ngezinyanga eziningi.

Igama elithi "ukuhluleka" lingase lizwakale liyesabekayo, kodwa lichaza nje ukuthi ama-ovari awasebenzi njengoba kulindelekile. Abanye abesifazane abanesimo esinjalo bangase baqhubeke beba nezikhathi ezithile noma baze bakhulelwe, nakuba lokhu kwenzeka kancane.

Ziyini izimpawu zokuhluleka kwesisu ngo kushesha?

Izimpawu zivame ukufana nezokuqala okuqala okuzenzakalelayo, kodwa zivele ekuqaleni kakhulu ekuphileni. Ungase uqaphele lezi zinguquko ziqhubeka ngamaviki noma izinyanga, futhi zingase zihluke kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu.

Izimpawu ezivamile zihlanganisa:

• Izikhathi ezingajwayelekile noma eziphuthelwe izinyanga eziningi
• I-hot flashes eziza ngokuzumayo
• Ulukhuni ebusuku oluphazamisa ubuthongo bakho
• Ukubuna kwesikhumba esenza ubuhlobo bungabi noluthando
• Ukukhuluphala noma ukungakhuluphali
• Ukushintsha kwesimo sengqondo kufaka phakathi intukuthelo noma ukucindezeleka
• Ukuthanda ucansi okunciphisiwe
• Amehlo noma isikhumba esomile

Abanye abesifazane nabo bahlupheka ngezinkinga zokulala, ubuhlungu bezingxenye zomzimba, noma ukushintsha kokubukeka kwenwele. Lezi zimpawu zingathinta kakhulu impilo yakho yansuku zonke, kodwa kukhona ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo okuzokusiza uzizwe njengoba uqala.

Yini ebangela ukuhluleka kwesisu ngo kushesha?

Ezimweni eziningi, odokotela abakwazi ukubona ngokuqondile ukuthi kungani ukuhluleka kwesisu ngo kushesha kuqhubeka. Noma kunjalo, izinto eziningi zingase ziqalise lesi simo, kusukela ezahlukweni zezinto ezihlanganisiwe kuya ekwelapheni kwezokwelapha.

Izimbangela ezivamile ezibonakalayo zihlanganisa:

• Izifo ze-autoimmune lapho isimiso sakho sokugcina sihlasele ama-ovari akho ngephutha
• Izimo zezinto ezihlanganisiwe njenge-Turner syndrome noma i-Fragile X syndrome
• I-Chemotherapy noma i-radiation therapy yokwelapha umdlavuza
• Ukususwa kokusebenza kwama-ovari womabili
• Ukutheleleka okuthile kwe-viral, nakuba lokhu kungavamile

Izimbangela ze-autoimmune ziyenza cishe i-20% yezimo futhi zivame ukwenzeka kanye nezinye izimo ze-autoimmune njengesiyezi se-thyroid noma isifo sikashukela. Izinto ezihlanganisiwe zidlala indima cishe ku-10-15% yezimo, futhi lezi ngezinye izikhathi zingase zihambe emindenini.

Izinto eziyingozi ezizungezile, ukucindezeleka okukhulu, noma imithi ethile ingase ibe nomthelela ezimweni ezingavamile, kodwa ucwaningo lusaphikisana. Into ebalulekile okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi lesi simo asibiselwa yikho konke okwenzile noma awukwenzanga.

Nini okufanele ubona udokotela ngokuhluleka kwesisu ngo kushesha?

Kufanele uhlele i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho uma uphuthelwe izikhathi ezintathu noma ngaphezulu ngokulandelana futhi uneminyaka engaphansi kuka-40. Ukubheka kwangaphambi kwesikhathi kubalulekile ngoba ukwelashwa okusheshayo kungasiza ekuvikeleni impilo yakho yesikhathi eside.

Ungalindi uma uhlupheka ngezimpawu eziningi njenge-hot flashes, ukushintsha kwesimo sengqondo, nezikhathi ezingajwayelekile ndawonye. Lezi zihlobo zivame ukubonisa ukushintsha kwe-hormonal okuzuza ekunakekelweni kwezokwelapha ngokushesha kunokuba kamuva.

Uma uzama ukuthola umntwana futhi awuphumelelanga izinyanga eziyisithupha ngenkathi unezikhathi ezingajwayelekile, lokhu kudinga ukuxoxisana ngokushesha nodokotela wakho. Isikhathi singaba yinto ebalulekile ekuhlolweni kwezinketho zakho zokuzala.

Ziyini izinto ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini yokuhluleka kwesisu ngo kushesha?

Izinto eziningi zingase zikhulise amathuba akho okukhula lesi simo, nakuba ukuba nezinto ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini akusho ukuthi uzobhekana nokuhluleka kwesisu ngo kushesha. Ukuqonda lokhu kungakusiza uhlale ulungile ezimpawu ezingase zibe khona.

Izinto eziyinhloko ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini zihlanganisa:

• Umlando womndeni wokuqala okuqala noma ukuhluleka kwesisu ngo kushesha
• Ukuphathwa komdlavuza ngaphambili nge-chemotherapy noma i-radiation
• Izifo ze-autoimmune njenge-rheumatoid arthritis noma izifo ze-thyroid
• Izimo zezinto ezihlanganisiwe ezihlupha i-chromosome ye-X
• Ukuhlinzwa kwama-ovari ngaphambili noma ama-ovarian cysts amaningi
• Ukubhema, okungasheshisa ukuguga kwama-ovari

Iminyaka nayo ibalulekile, ngengozi eyenyuka njengoba usondela eminyakeni engu-30. Noma kunjalo, lesi simo singathinta abesifazane abasebasha abaneminyaka engu-20, nakuba kungavamile kulabo abasebasha.

Ziyini izinhlupheko ezingase zibe khona zokuhluleka kwesisu ngo kushesha?

Amazinga e-estrogen aphansi ahlotshaniswa nalesi simo angase ahole ezinzwaneni eziningi zezempilo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Noma kunjalo, ngokwelashwa okuqondile nokubhekwa, unganciphisa kakhulu lezi zingozi futhi ugcine impilo enhle.

Izinhlupheko ezingase zibe khona zihlanganisa:

• I-Osteoporosis noma amathambo abuthakathaka ngenxa yokuntuleka kwe-estrogen
• Ukungena engozini enkulu yesifo senhliziyo
• Amathuba aphezulu okuwohloka noma ukukhathazeka
• Izinselele zokuzala noma ukungabi namandla okuzala
• Ukushintsha kwengqondo noma izinkinga zokukhumbula
• Ukungena engozini enkulu yezinye izimo ze-autoimmune

Impilo yamathambo iba yinto ephambili ngoba i-estrogen iyasiza ekugcineni ubunzima bamathambo. Ngaphandle kwamazinga anele, ungase uthuthukise i-osteoporosis ngokushesha kunalokho okulindelekile, okwandisa ingozi yokugqwala.

Umphumela wezingqondo awufanele ucatshangelwe. Abesifazane abaningi bahlupheka ngokudumazeka ngezinguquko zokuzala noma bazizwa behlukene ngokuba nezimpawu zokuqala okuqala eminyakeni eminingi ngaphambi kwabalingani babo. Ukwelulekwa kwabasebenzi bezempilo namaqembu wokusekela kungaba usizo kakhulu ngalesi sikhathi.

Ukuhluleka kwesisu ngo kushesha kunqunywa kanjani?

Ukuqunywa kuvame ukufaka izivivinyo zegazi ukuze kuqashwe amazinga e-hormone akho, ikakhulukazi i-FSH (i-follicle-stimulating hormone) ne-estrogen. Udokotela wakho uzohlola la mazinga kabili, cishe inyanga ngemva kwenye, ukuze aqinisekise imiphumela.

Amazinga aphezulu e-FSH ahlanganiswe namazinga e-estrogen aphansi abonisa ukuthi ama-ovari akho awaphenduli kahle ezinkomba ze-hormonal ezivela ebuchosheni bakho. Amazinga e-FSH ajwayelekile avame ukuba ngaphansi kuka-10, kodwa ekuhlulekeni kwesisu ngo kushesha, avame ukukhuphuka ngaphezulu kuka-25.

Udokotela wakho angase futhi ahlole ezinye izimo ezingase zibangele izimpawu ezifanayo. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise izivivinyo zomsebenzi we-thyroid, ukuhlaziywa kwe-chromosome, noma izivivinyo ze-autoimmune markers kuye ngesimo sakho esithile.

Ngezinye izikhathi i-ultrasound iyasiza ekuhlolweni kokubukeka kwama-ovari akho nokuqala ama-follicles asale. Lolu lwazi lusisiza udokotela wakho ukuthi aqonde ukuthi kungakanani umsebenzi we-ovarian osale futhi ahlele ukwelashwa okufanele.

Kuyini ukwelashwa kokuhluleka kwesisu ngo kushesha?

Ukuphathwa kwe-hormone replacement therapy kuyisisekelo sokwelashwa kwabesifazane abaningi abanesimo esinjalo. Lokhu ukwelashwa kusiza ekuqedeni i-estrogen ne-progesterone ama-ovari akho angasakhiqizi ngokwanele.

Izindlela zokwelapha ezivamile zihlanganisa:

• I-Estrogen ne-progesterone replacement therapy
• I-Calcium ne-vitamin D supplements yempilo yamathambo
• Ukubhekwa njalo kobunzima bamathambo
• Ukuphathwa kokuzala uma ukukhulelwa kufunwa
• Ukwelulekwa noma amaqembu wokusekela ngenxa yempilo yengqondo

Udokotela wakho uzosebenza nawe ukuze uthole ukuxuba kwe-hormone okulungile kanye nendlela yokusebenzisa. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise amaphilisi, ama-patches, ama-gels, noma ezinye izindlela zokuletha kuye ngokuthanda kwakho nomlando wakho wezokwelapha.

Kwabesifazane abathemba ukukhulelwa, ukwelashwa kokuzala njengokunikwa kwamaqanda noma ukwelashwa okuvivinywayo kungase kube izinketho zokuxoxa ngazo nochwepheshe wokuzala. Nakuba ukukhulelwa ngamaqanda akho kuyingozi, akuyona into engenzeki kuzo zonke izimo.

Indlela yokuphatha ukuhluleka kwesisu ngo kushesha ekhaya?

Ukushintsha kwesitayela sokuphila kungathuthukisa kakhulu indlela ozizwa ngayo futhi usekele impilo yakho yonke ngenkathi uphatha lesi simo. Ukushintsha okuncane, okuqhubekayo kuvame ukwenza umehluko obalulekile ekunethezekeni kwakho kwansuku zonke nasempilweni yakho yesikhathi eside.

Izindlela zokuphatha ekhaya ezisiza zihlanganisa:

• Ukwenza umsebenzi wamathambo njalo ukuze usekele impilo yamathambo
• Ukudla ukudla okunama-calcium amaningi njenge-dairy, imifino eluhlaza, nokudla okunamandla
• Ukugwema ukubhema nokulinganisela ukusetshenziswa kotshwala
• Ukuphatha ukucindezeleka ngezindlela zokuphumula noma izinto ozithandayo
• Ukugcina idayari yezimpawu ukuze uqaphele izibonelo nezinqubo
• Ukugcina ubanda ngesikhathi se-hot flashes ngabalandeli, iziphuzo ezibandayo, noma izingubo ezilula

Cabanga ngokujoyina imiphakathi e-online noma amaqembu wokusekela endaweni lapho ungaxhumana khona nabanye abesifazane ababhekene namava afanayo. Ukwabelana ngezindlela nokusekelwa ngokomzwelo kungaba yinto ebalulekile kakhulu kulolu hambo.

Ukuhlanza kahle ubuthongo kuba yinto ebalulekile ngoba ukushisa ebusuku nokushintsha kwe-hormonal kungaphazanyiswa ukuphumula. Gcina igumbi lakho lokulala libandayo, gqoka izinto ezifuthayo, futhi uqalise izindlela zokulala ezithulile.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho yodokotela?

Woza ulungile ngomlando wezikhathi zakho eziningi, kufaka phakathi lapho izikhathi zakho zaqala ukungajwayelekile futhi noma yiziphi izibonelo ozibonile. Lolu lwazi lusisiza udokotela wakho ukuthi aqonde isimo sakho ngokuphelele.

Letha uhlu lwemithi yonke, izongezo, nanoma yimiphi imilandu yomndeni wokuqala okuqala noma izimo ze-autoimmune. Phawula futhi noma yiziphi izimpawu ozibonile, ngisho noma zibonakala zingahlobene nezikhathi zakho.

Bhala imibuzo ngaphambili ukuze ungakhohlwa izinkathazo ezibalulekile ngesikhathi se-aphoyintimenti. Cabanga ngokubuza ngezinketho zokwelapha, imiphumela yempilo yesikhathi eside, nokugcinwa kokuzala uma lokho kuhambelana nawe.

Uma kungenzeka, letha umngani othembekile noma ilungu lomndeni ukuze uthole ukusekelwa futhi uthole ukukhumbula ulwazi oluxoxiswe ngesikhathi sokuvakasha. I-aphoyintimenti yezokwelapha ingase izwakale ikhululekile, ikakhulukazi lapho uqonda izindaba ezibalulekile zezempilo.

Yini eyinhloko okumele uyithole ngokuhluleka kwesisu ngo kushesha?

Ukuhluleka kwesisu ngo kushesha kuyisimo esiphatheka kalula esingase, nakuba kushintsha impilo, akumele silimise ikhono lakho lokuphila impilo ephelele, enempilo. Ngokwelashwa okuqondile nokubhekwa, ungaphatha izimpawu ngokuphumelelayo futhi uvikele impilo yakho yesikhathi eside.

Isinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisana eduze neqembu lakho lezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuze uthuthukise uhlelo lokwelapha oluhlangabezana nezidingo zakho nemigomo yakho. Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi lokho kuhlanganisa ukwelashwa kwe-hormone, ukwelashwa kokuzala, noma ezinye izindlela, izinketho ziyatholakala ukukusiza uzizwe kangcono.

Khumbula ukuthi le nqubo ayikucaci, futhi awuwedwa kulolu hambo. Abesifazane abaningi baphatha lesi simo ngokuphumelelayo ngenkathi begcina impilo esebenzayo, ezele ngokusekelwa okulungile nokwelashwa.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwa ngokuhluleka kwesisu ngo kushesha

Ngingase ngikhulelwe yini ngokuhluleka kwesisu ngo kushesha?

Nakuba ukukhulelwa ngamaqanda akho kuyingozi, kungase kwenzeke ngezinye izikhathi. Cishe i-5-10% yabesifazane abanesimo esinjalo bangase bakhulelwe ngokwemvelo, nakuba lokhu kungakwazi ukubikezelwa. Ukwelashwa kokuzala njengokunikwa kwamaqanda kunikeza izindlela ezinokwethenjwa kakhulu zokukhulelwa uma ukwakha umndeni kubalulekile kuwe.

Ingabe ukwelashwa kwe-hormone kuzokwandisa ingozi yomdlavuza?

Kwabesifazane abane-premature ovarian failure, ukwelashwa kwe-hormone kuvame ukuletha umzimba eduze namazinga e-hormone ajwayelekile kunokuba awadlule. Ucwaningo oluningi lubonisa ukuthi izinzuzo zidlula izingozi kwabesifazane abaneminyaka engaphansi kuka-50, kodwa xoxa ngezinto ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini nodokotela wakho ukuze wenze isinqumo esinolwazi.

Ingabe ukuhluleka kwesisu ngo kushesha kufana nokuqala okuqala okuzenzakalelayo?

La magama avame ukusetshenziswa ngokulingana, kodwa kukhona umehluko omncane. Ukuhluleka kwesisu ngo kushesha ngezinye izikhathi kungase kuphinde kube khona noma kube yizikhathi ezithile, kuyilapho ukuqala okuqala kuhlala njalo. Noma kunjalo, kokubili kuhlanganisa ukunciphisa umsebenzi we-ovarian ngaphambi kweminyaka engu-40 futhi kudinga izindlela ezifanayo zokuphatha.

Ngingase ngidinga isikhathi esingakanani ukwelashwa kwe-hormone replacement therapy?

Odokotela abaningi bancoma ukuqhubeka nokwelashwa kwe-hormone kuze kube eminyakeni engu-50-52, okuyilapho ukuqala okuqala okuzenzakalelayo kuvame ukwenzeka. Lokhu kusiza ekuvikeleni amathambo akho, inhliziyo yakho, nempilo yakho yonke ngeminyaka lapho umzimba wakho ubungase ukhiqize lezi hormones ngokwemvelo.

Ingabe lesi simo singase sibe khona emndenini wami?

Kungase kube khona ingxenye yezinto ezihlanganisiwe, ikakhulukazi uma amalungu omndeni amaningi ehlupheke ngokuqala okuqala okuzenzakalelayo. Uma unezintokazi noma odade, bangase bazuze ekuqondeni ngokuqunywa kwakho ukuze bakwazi ukuxoxa ngezinketho zokubhekwa nodoctor babo, nakuba lokho akusho ukuthi bazokuthuthukisa lesi simo.