Ukuthi yini i-Prolactinoma? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

I-prolactinoma iwumoya ongenayo imikhuhlane ekhula esicaphwini sakho se-pituitary futhi ikhiqiza okuningi kohormoni oluthiwa yi-prolactin. Leli gciwane elincane, elingasilingani ne-grape, lihlala phansi kwengqondo yakho futhi ngokujwayelekile lisiza ukulawula imisebenzi eminingi yomzimba.

Uma une-prolactinoma, umzimba wakho ukhulula i-prolactin engaphezu kwalokho oyidingayo. Leli hormoni elengeziwe lingathinta izivivinyo zakho, ukukhulelwa, nokukhiqizwa kobisi, ngisho noma ungakhulelwa noma uncelisa. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi le miyalezo cishe ihlala iyinhle futhi iphendula kahle ekwelapheni.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-prolactinoma?

Izimpawu ozibonayo ziyahluka kuye ngokobulili bakho nokuthi umzimba wakho ukhulula kangakanani i-prolactin elengeziwe. Abesifazane bavame ukubona izinguquko ezivinini zabo zokuqala, kuyilapho amadoda angase abe nezinguquko ezahlukile.

Nawa izimpawu ezivame kakhulu ezihlangenwezanayo abesifazane:

• Izivivinyo ezingajwayelekile noma izivivinyo eziyeka ngokuphelele
• Ukukhipha ubisi emazinini uma ungakhulelwa noma uncelisa
• Ubunzima bokuthola ukukhulelwa
• Ukuthanda ucansi okuncane
• Ukubusa kwesikhumba se-vagina ngesikhathi socansi
• I-hot flashes efana ne-menopause

Amadoda ane-prolactinomas ngokuvamile aphawula lezi zinguquko:

• Ukuthanda ucansi okuncane noma ubunzima bokwenza ucansi
• Ukukhula kwamazimba noma ukubamba
• Ngokungavamile, ukukhiqizwa kobisi esifubeni
• Ukungaqedi noma ubunzima bokuzala izingane
• Ukulahlekelwa yizinwele zomzimba nezobuso
• Ukukhathala nokuhlukahluka kwesimo sengqondo

Uma i-prolactinomas ikhula kakhulu, ingacindezela izakhiwo eziseduze futhi ibe nezimpawu ezengeziwe. Ungase ube nobuhlungu ekhanda, izinkinga zokubona njengokubona kabili noma ukulahlekelwa umbono ophakathi, noma ngisho nokuhlukahluka ekuzweleni kwakho ukunuka.

Abanye abantu baphuthuma ubuthakathaka bamathanga ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngoba amazinga aphezulu e-prolactin anganciphisa ezinye izinto ezibalulekile ezigcina amathambo eqinile. Lokhu kwenzeka kancane kancane futhi kungase kungabangeli izimpawu ezicacile kuze kube kamuva.

Ziyini izinhlobo ze-prolactinoma?

Odokotela bahlukanisa i-prolactinomas ngokulinganisa labo, okusiza ekutholeni indlela engcono kakhulu yokwelapha. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko okufanele uzibone.

I-Microprolactinomas incinyane kune-10 millimeters, cishe ingasilingani ne-pea encane. Lezi zimelela iningi le-prolactinomas, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane. Zivame ukubangela izimpawu ezihlobene ne-hormone kodwa azikhula ngokwanele ukucindezela i-tissue yengqondo eseduze.

I-Macroprolactinomas ingama-10 millimeters noma ngaphezulu futhi ivame kakhulu kumadoda. Ngenxa yosayizi wayo, kungenzeka kakhulu ukuba nobuhlungu ekhanda nezinkinga zokubona ngaphezu kwezimpawu ze-hormone. Zivame futhi ukukhiqiza amazinga aphezulu kakhulu e-prolactin.

Ubukhulu be-prolactinoma yakho busisiza udokotela wakho ukubikezela ukuthi ingase iziphathe kanjani nezindlela zokwelapha ezizosebenza kangcono esimweni sakho esithile.

Yini ebangela i-prolactinoma?

Isizathu esiqondile sokuthi kungani i-prolactinomas ithuthukiswa ayiqondakali ngokuphelele, kodwa kubonakala sengathi ivela ekuhlukahlukenini kwamathambo esicaphwini sakho se-pituitary. Lezi zinguquko zenza amaseli athile akhule futhi azale ngaphezu kwalokho okufanele.

Iningi le-prolactinomas liyenzeka ngokungahleliwe ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile noma umlando womndeni. I-genes yakho ingase ibe nomthelela kwezinye izimo, kodwa lokhu akukho lwanga.

Imithi ethile ingaphakamisa amazinga e-prolactin futhi ngezinye izikhathi iholele ekuhlukahlukenini kwe-pituitary. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ezinye izidakamizwa zokucindezeleka, imithi yokulwa nokuhlanza, nemithi esetshenziswa ekwelapheni kwegazi eliphezulu noma izimo ze-psychiatric.

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi i-prolactinomas ayibangelwa yilutho owalwenza noma awungenzanga. Ayihlobene nokucindezeleka, ukudla, noma izinqumo zokuphila.

Nini okufanele ubheke udokotela nge-prolactinoma?

Kufanele uhlele i-aphoyintimenti nodokotela wakho uma uqaphela izinguquko eziqhubekayo esivivinini sakho, ukukhiqizwa kobisi okungalindelekile, noma ukukhathazeka okuqhubekayo kokukhulelwa. Lezi zimpawu zidinga ukuhlolwa ngisho noma zibonakala zingenamandla.

Kwabesifazane, ukulahlekelwa izikhathi ezintathu noma ngaphezulu ngokulandelana ngaphandle kokukhulelwa kuyisibonakaliso esicacile sokuya kudokotela. Noma yiluphi ubisi olukhishwa emazinini uma ungancelisi luphinde lufune ukuhlolwa okusheshayo.

Amadoda kufanele abone udokotela wawo ngezinkinga eziqhubekayo ngomsebenzi wobulili, izinguquko ezingachazeki emazinini, noma ukukhathala okuqhubekayo kuhlangene nokuhlukahluka kwesimo sengqondo. Lezi zimpawu zingaba nezizathu eziningi, kodwa kufanele zixoxwe nodokotela wezempilo.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uthola ubuhlungu obukhulu ekhanda noma uqaphela izinguquko embonweni wakho njengokubona kabili noma ukulahlekelwa umbono ophakathi. Nakuba lezi zimpawu zingalubonisi njalo ubunzima obukhulu, zidinga ukuhlolwa okusheshayo ukuze kuvinjwe izinkinga.

Ziyini izinto ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini ye-prolactinoma?

Izinto eziningi zingathinta amathuba akho okukhula kwe-prolactinoma, nakuba ukuba nezinto ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini akusho ukuthi uzokuthola ngokuqinisekile. Ukuqonda lezi zinto ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini kungakusiza uhlale uqaphele izimpawu ezingase zikhule.

Iminyaka idlala indima, nge-prolactinomas evame ukuxilongwa kubantu abaneminyaka engama-20 kuya kwengu-50. Abesifazane banamathuba amaningi okuthola i-microprolactinomas, kuyilapho amadoda evame ukuba ne-macroprolactinomas uma exilongwa.

Umlando womndeni wakho ungase ube nethonya kwezinye izimo, ikakhulukazi uma abantu bomndeni benomdlavuza we-multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. Noma kunjalo, iningi le-prolactinomas liyenzeka ngaphandle kokuxhumana komndeni.

Ukuthatha imithi ethile isikhathi eside kungandisa ingozi yakho. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ezinye izidakamizwa ze-antipsychotic, ezinye izidakamizwa zokucindezeleka, imithi yokulwa nokuhlanza, nezinye izidakamizwa zegazi eliphezulu ezihlukanisa i-dopamine ebuchosheni bakho.

Ukuba nezinye izinkinga ze-pituitary noma ukukhishwa kwemisebe ekhanda nasezinweleni kungase futhi kukwenze ube sengozini, nakuba lokhu kungavamile.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zikhule ngenxa ye-prolactinoma?

Nakuba i-prolactinomas ngokuvamile ilawuleka, ukuyishiya ingalashwa kungabangela ukukhathazeka okuningi kwezempilo isikhathi eside. Ukuqonda lezi zinkinga ezingase zikhule kusiza ekuchazeni ukuthi kungani ukwelashwa kuvame ukunconywa.

Izinkinga ezivame kakhulu zithinta amathambo nempilo yokuzala. Amazinga aphezulu e-prolactin anganciphisa i-estrogen kwabesifazane ne-testosterone kumadoda. Ngemuva kwesikhathi, leli phutha le-hormone lingabangela i-osteoporosis, okwenza amathambo akho abe buthakathaka futhi abe sengozini yokugqwala.

Izinkinga zokuzala ziyikhathazo elikhulu. Bobabili amadoda nabesifazane bangase bahlupheke ekutholeni ukukhulelwa ngokwemvelo uma amazinga e-prolactin ehlala aphezulu. Kwabesifazane, ukuqhuma kwamandla kungase kungajwayelekile noma kuyeke ngokuphelele.

Ngokuphathelene ne-prolactinomas elikhulu, izinkinga ezihlobene nokuthuthuka zingase zikhule. Umoya ungase ucindezele izakhiwo eziseduze, mhlawumbe uthinte umbono wakho unomphela noma uhlukanise ezinye izinto ze-pituitary.

Ngokungavamile, i-prolactinomas enkulu kakhulu ingabangela izimpawu ze-neurological ezinkulu. Lokhu kungase kufaka phakathi ubuhlungu obungapheli ekhanda, ukulahlekelwa umbono, noma izinkinga ngeminye imisebenzi yengqondo. Noma kunjalo, ngokubeka iliso okufanele nokwelashwa, lezi zinkinga ezinkulu azivamile.

Impilo yomzimba ingase futhi ithonye ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngenxa yezinguquko ze-hormone, nakuba lokhu ngokuvamile kuthuthuka kancane kancane futhi ngokuvamile kungavikeleka ngokwelashwa okufanele.

I-prolactinoma ixilongwa kanjani?

Ukuthola i-prolactinoma ngokuvamile kuqala ngokuhlolwa okulula kwegazi ukuze kuqale amazinga e-prolactin yakho. Udokotela wakho uzodinga ukuhlola lokhu uma izimpawu zakho zikhomba i-prolactin ephezulu.

Amazinga e-prolactin ajwayelekile ngokuvamile angaphansi kwe-25 nanograms nge-milliliter kwabesifazane nangaphansi kwe-15 kumadoda. Uma amazinga akho aphezulu, udokotela wakho angase aphinde ahlole ukuqinisekisa imiphumela, ngoba i-prolactin ingase ihluke usuku lonke.

Uma i-prolactin ephezulu iqinisekiswe, udokotela wakho uzodinga ukuhlola i-MRI yesicaphwini sakho se-pituitary. Leli thuluzi lokubona lingabonisa ukuthi umoya ukhona yini futhi liqonde ubukhulu nendawo yawo.

Udokotela wakho angase futhi ahlole ezinye izinto ze-pituitary ukuze abone ukuthi i-prolactinoma ithonya ezinye imisebenzi yegciwane. Le ndlela ephelele ikusiza ukwenza uhlelo lokwelapha olusebenzayo esimweni sakho esithile.

Ngezinye izikhathi, kuyadingeka ukuhlolwa okuqhubekayo ukuze kuvinjwe ezinye izimbangela ze-prolactin ephezulu, njengezinkinga ze-thyroid noma isifo sezinso. Udokotela wakho uzokusiqondisa ngokuhlolwa okudingekayo ngokuya ngezimo zakho.

Yini ukwelashwa kwe-prolactinoma?

Ukwelashwa kwe-prolactinoma ngokuvamile kufaka imithi engase icindezele umoya futhi ilungise amazinga e-prolactin yakho. Iningi labantu liphendula kahle kulezi zindlela zokwelapha futhi liyabona ukuthuthuka okukhulu ezimpawu zabo.

Imithi evame ukunconywa ibizwa ngokuthi yi-dopamine agonists. Lokhu kufaka phakathi i-cabergoline ne-bromocriptine, ezisebenza ngokulingisa i-dopamine ebuchosheni bakho. I-Dopamine ngokwemvelo icindezela ukukhiqizwa kwe-prolactin, ngakho-ke le miithi ikusiza ukubuyisela izinga le-hormone.

I-Cabergoline ngokuvamile iyathandwa ngoba ngokuvamile ithathwa kabili ngesonto futhi ivame ukuba nemiphumela emibi emincane. I-Bromocriptine idinga ukunyatheliswa kwansuku zonke kodwa iye yasetshenziswa ngokuphepha amashumi eminyaka futhi ngokuvamile inconywa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa.

Iningi labantu liqaphela ukuthi izimpawu zabo ziyathuthuka phakathi kwamasonto ambalwa kuya ezinyangeni zokuqala kokuthatha imithi. Amazinga e-prolactin avame ukulungiswa, izivivinyo zibuyela, futhi ukukhulelwa kubuyiselwa kwezinye izimo.

Ukuhlinzwa akudingiwe ngokuvamile kodwa kungase kucatshangelwe uma imithi ingasebenzi kahle noma ibe nemiphumela emibi engathandeki. Indlela evamile yokuhlela ukuhlinzwa yi-transsphenoidal surgery, lapho udokotela efinyelela khona esicaphwini se-pituitary ngenxeba lakho.

Ukwelashwa ngemisebe kusetshenziswa kancane kakhulu, ngokuvamile kuphela uma imithi nokuhlinzwa kungaphumelelanga. Iqembu lakho lezokwelapha lizokuxoxela ngezinketho zonke uma izindlela zokwelapha ezijwayelekile zingasebenzi.

Ungayilawula kanjani i-prolactinoma ekhaya?

Ukuthatha imithi yakho njalo njengoba kunconywe yinto ebaluleke kakhulu ongayenza ekhaya. Yenza uhlelo noma sebenzisa izikhumbuzo ukuze zikusize ukuba ukhumbule, ikakhulukazi ngoba ezinye izidakamizwa zithathwa izikhathi ezimbalwa ngesonto.

Gcina uqaphele izimpawu zakho encwadini elula noma kuhlelo lokusebenza lwe-smartphone. Qaphela izinguquko ezivinini zakho, amazinga kwamandla, noma noma yimiphi imiphumela emibi yemithi. Lolu lwazi lusisiza udokotela wakho ukulungisa ukwelashwa kwakho uma kudingeka.

Gxila ekugcineni impilo enhle yamathanga ngokuzivocavoca okujwayelekile nokudla okwanele kwe-calcium ne-vitamin D. Njengoba i-prolactinomas ingathinta ubukhulu bamathanga, lezi zinyathelo ziyaba balulekile.

Dla ukudla okulinganiselayo okunama-calcium ne-vitamin D. Imithombo emihle ifaka imikhiqizo yobisi, imifino eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, nokudla okuqinisiwe. Udokotela wakho angase futhi ancome izongezelelo ngokuya ngezidingo zakho.

Lawula ukucindezeleka ngezindlela zokuphumula, ukuzivocavoca okujwayelekile, noma imisebenzi oyithandayo. Nakuba ukucindezeleka kungabangeli i-prolactinomas, kungathinta impilo yakho jikelele nokuthi ubhekana kanjani nokwelashwa.

Hlala uxhumene nabangane nomndeni wakho ukuze uthole ukwesekwa ngokomzwelo. Ukubhekana nesimo esihlangene ne-hormone ngezinye izikhathi kungathinta isimo sakho sengqondo nobuhlobo bakho, ngakho ukugcina ubuhlobo obuhle bomphakathi kubalulekile.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho nodokotela?

Ngaphambi kwe-aphoyintimenti yakho, bhala zonke izimpawu zakho nokuthi zaqala nini. Faka imininingwane mayelana nezingozi ezivinini, noma yikuphi ukukhiqizwa kobisi, ukukhathazeka komsebenzi wobulili, ubuhlungu ekhanda, noma izinkinga zokubona.

Yenza uhlu oluphelele lwazo zonke izidakamizwa ozithathayo, kufaka phakathi imithi yokwelapha, imithi yokuthengwa ngaphandle kwelayisensi, nezongezelelo. Ezinye izidakamizwa zingathinta amazinga e-prolactin, ngakho-ke lolu lwazi lubalulekile kudockotela wakho.

Lungisa uhlu lwemibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza. Ungase ufune ukwazi ngezinketho zokwelapha, imiphumela emibi, isikhathi esingase sidingeke ukwelashwa, noma ukuthi isimo singathinta kanjani izinhlelo zakho zokukhulelwa.

Uma kungenzeka, letha ilungu lomndeni noma umngane ukuze uthole ukwesekwa nokusiza ukukhumbula imininingwane ebalulekile exoxwe ngayo ngesikhathi se-aphoyintimenti.

Butha noma yimiphi imiphumela yokuhlola yangaphambili noma amarekhodi ezempilo ahlobene nezimpawu zakho. Uma uke wenza ukuhlolwa kwegazi noma izifundo zokubona kwenye indawo, letha amakhophi noma uhlanganise ukuze athunyelwe ehhovisi lika-dokotela wakho.

Iyini into ebaluleke kakhulu mayelana ne-prolactinoma?

I-Prolactinomas izimo ezilawuleka kakhulu ezingavamile ukuba nezingozi ezinkulu zezempilo uma ziphathwa kahle. Iningi labantu liyabona ukuthuthuka okukhulu ezimpawu zabo ngemithi futhi liqhubeka nokuphila impilo evamile ngokuphelele.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi ukutholakala nokwelashwa okusheshayo kungavimbela izinkinga ezingase zikhule futhi kubuyisele ikhwalithi yakho yokuphila. Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezifana nezivivinyo ezingajwayelekile, ukukhiqizwa kobisi okungalindelekile, noma ukukhathazeka kokukhulelwa, ungangabazi ukukhuluma nodokotela wakho.

Ngokwelashwa okufanele, abantu abaningi babona amazinga e-prolactin abo ebuyela ejwayelekile, izimpawu zabo ziyaphela, futhi ukukhulelwa kubuyiselwa. Ngisho ne-prolactinomas enkulu ngokuvamile iphendula kahle emithi, ngokuvamile iyancipha kakhulu ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Hlala uzibophelele kuhlelo lwakho lokwelapha futhi ugcine i-aphoyintimenti yokulandelela njalo neqembu lakho lezokwelapha. Lolu daba oluqhubekayo luqinisekisa imiphumela engcono kakhulu futhi lusisiza ukubamba noma yiziphi izinguquko eziqala.

Imibuzo evame ukubuzwa mayelana ne-prolactinoma

Ngingakhulelwa yini uma ngine-prolactinoma?

Yebo, abesifazane abaningi abane-prolactinomas bangakhulelwa ngempumelelo ngokwelashwa okufanele. Imithi ngokuvamile ibuyisela ukuqhuma kwamandla okujwayelekile nokukhulelwa phakathi nezinyanga ezimbalwa. Udokotela wakho uzosebenza nawe ukulungisa uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha ngokuphepha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, njengoba ezinye izidakamizwa zikhethwa kwezinye ngalesi sikhathi.

Ingabe ngizodinga ukuthatha imithi impilo yami yonke?

Akudingeki. Abanye abantu ekugcineni banganciphisa noma bayeke imithi yabo, ikakhulukazi labo abanemiyalezo emincane. Udokotela wakho uzolandelela amazinga e-prolactin yakho nezimpawu zakho ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ukuze aqonde ukuthi kungenzeka yini ukulungisa imithi. Noma kunjalo, abantu abaningi baqhubeka nokwelashwa isikhathi eside ukuze bagcine amazinga e-hormone ajwayelekile.

Ingabe i-prolactinomas ingase ibe umdlavuza?

I-Prolactinomas cishe ihlala iyinhle, okusho ukuthi ayisabalali kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho njengomdlavuza. Nakuba ingase ikhule ngokuhamba kwesikhathi uma ingalashwa, ihlala ingenayo imikhuhlane. Ingozi yokuthi i-prolactinoma ibe yomdlavuza iyincane kakhulu.

Ingabe i-prolactinomas iyadluliselwa emindenini?

Iningi le-prolactinomas liyenzeka ngokungahleliwe ngaphandle kokuxhumana komndeni. Noma kunjalo, kwezinye izimo ezincane, ingaba yingxenye yesifo esidluliselwa emindenini esithi yi-multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1. Uma unezinye izitho zomndeni ezinomdlavuza we-pituitary noma ezinye izinkinga ze-endocrine, xoxa lokhu nodokotela wakho.

Yimiphi imiphumela emibi engase ngiyilindele emithi yokwelapha?

Imiphumela emibi evamile yemithi ye-dopamine agonist ifaka isicanucanu, ukukhathala, ukukhathala, nokuvimbela, ikakhulukazi uma uqala ukwelashwa. Lokhu ngokuvamile kuyaqina njengoba umzimba wakho uqala ukusebenzisa imithi. Ukuthatha imithi ngokudla nokuqala ngenani elincane kungasiza ekuthambiseni imiphumela emibi. Xoxa nganoma yiziphi izimpawu ezikukhathazayo nodokotela wakho.