Ukuthi yini i-Pseudotumor Cerebri? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, kanye Nokwelashwa

I-Pseudotumor cerebri yisimo lapho kukhona khona ukwanda kokucindezela ngaphakathi ekhanda lakho, okuvumelana nezimpawu zomdlavuza we-brain, ngisho noma kungekho mdlavuza. Igama lisho ngokoqobo ukuthi "umdlavuza we-brain ongaqondiwe," futhi nakuba kungase kuzwakale kukhuluphele uma ubhekene nezimpawu, kuyisimo esilawuleka kahle esiphendula kahle ekwelapheni uma sibanjwe ngokushesha.

Lokhu kukhuphuka kokucindezela kuchaphazela i-fluid ezungeze ubuchopho bakho ne-spinal cord, okuthiwa yi-cerebrospinal fluid. Cabanga ngakho njengokuba ne-fluid eningi kakhulu esitsheni esivalekile - ukucindezela akunalokho okuya khona, okungabangela izikhathi zokuzwa ubuhlungu, izinkinga zobuso, nezinye izimpawu ezikhathazayo esizoxoxa ngazo ndawonye.

Zithini izimpawu ze-pseudotumor cerebri?

Isimpawu esivamile kakhulu yizikhathi zokuzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu ezikhathini ezithile obuzwakala buhlukile ezikhathini zakho zokuzwa ubuhlungu. Lezi zikhathi zokuzwa ubuhlungu zivame ukuba zimbi uma ulele phansi, ukhwehle, noma ucindezela, futhi zingase zihambisane nokuhlanza nokuhlanza.

Ukushintsha kobuso kuyisibonakaliso esibalulekile sokuqapha okungafanele kunciphiseke. Ungase uqaphele ukubona okungacaceki, ukubona okubili, noma izikhathi ezifushane lapho ukubona kwakho kuya emnyameni ngokuphelele imizuzwana embalwa. Abanye abantu nabo baye baqaphele umsindo wokugijima noma opulsating ezindlebeni zabo oluhambisana nesikhathi senhliziyo yabo.

Nazi izimpawu eziyinhloko okumele uzibheke:

• Izikhathi zokuzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu ezithinta kakhulu uma ulele phansi
• Ukubona okungacaceki noma okubili
• Izikhathi ezifushane zokulahlekelwa ukubona (okuthatha imizuzwana)
• Ukuhlanza nokuhlanza
• Imizwa yomsindo opulsating ezindlebeni (tinnitus)
• Ubuhlungu entanyeni nasemahlombe
• Ukuqina noma izinkinga zokulinganisela

Izimpawu ezingavamile zihlanganisa izinkinga zokukhumbula, ukudideka, nokushintsha kwesimo sengqondo. Abanye abantu baqaphela ukuthi ukubona kwabo kwangaphandle kubonakala kunqunywe, noma banenkinga yokubona izinto emakhoneni amehlo abo. Lezi zimpawu zithuthukiswa ngoba ukwanda kokucindezela kuchaphazela indlela ubuchopho bakho ne-optic nerves esebenza ngayo.

Yini ebangela i-pseudotumor cerebri?

Ezimweni eziningi, odokotela abakwazi ukukhomba imbangela eqondile, okuthiwa yi-idiopathic pseudotumor cerebri. Kodwa-ke, izinto eziningi zingakhuthaza lesi simo noma zikwenze kube lula ukuthuthukisa.

Imithi ethile iyaziwa njengokukhuthaza, ikakhulukazi amanye ama-antibiotics, ama-blood thinners, kanye ne-vitamin A supplements uma ithathwa ngamandla aphezulu. Ukushintsha kwe-hormonal futhi kudlala indima ebalulekile, okuchaza ukuthi kungani lesi simo sivame kakhulu kwabesifazane abaseminyakeni yokuzala.

Nazi izimbangela nezinye izinto ezikhuthazayo eziyinhloko:

• Imithi ethile (ama-tetracycline antibiotics, ama-blood thinners, i-vitamin A eningi)
• Ukushintsha kwe-hormonal (ukukhulelwa, ukungalingani kwesikhathi, i-hormone replacement therapy)
• Ukukhuluphala okwenziwe muva noma ukukhuluphala
• I-sleep apnea noma ezinye izifo zokuphefumula
• Isifo sezinso noma ukwehluleka kwezinso
• Izimo ze-autoimmune njenge-lupus
• Izifo zegazi ezichaphazela ukukhiqizwa kwama-red blood cells

Izimbangela ezingavamile zihlanganisa ukutheleleka okuthile kobuchopho, ama-blood clots ohlelweni lokukhipha ubuchopho, noma imidlavuza evinela ukusabela okujwayelekile kwe-fluid. Ngezinye izikhathi, ukushiya ukusetshenziswa kwe-steroid isikhathi eside kungakhuthaza lesi simo. Ukuqonda lezi zimbangela ezingaba khona kusiza udokotela wakho ukuthi anqume indlela yokwelapha engcono kakhulu yesimo sakho.

Nini okumele ubheke udokotela nge-pseudotumor cerebri?

Kufanele ufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma ubhekene nezikhathi zokuzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu ngokuzumayo obuzwakala bungafani nanoma yini oyike waba nayo ngaphambili. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu uma izikhathi zokuzwa ubuhlungu zihambisana nokushintsha kobuso, ukuhlanza, noma umsindo opulsating ezindlebeni zakho.

Ungalindi uma uqaphela noma yiziphi izinkinga zobuso, ngisho noma zibonakala zincane ekuqaleni. Ukushintsha kobuso kungathuthuka ngokushesha ngalesi simo, futhi ukwelashwa ngokushesha kubalulekile ekuvimbeleni ukonakala okungapheli kwe-optic nerves yakho.

Iya endaweni yokwelapha ephuthumayo uma ubhekene nokulahlekelwa ukubona ngokuzumayo, izikhathi zokuzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu ngomkhuhlane, noma izikhathi zokuzwa ubuhlungu eziba zimbi kakhulu uma ushintsha izikhundla. Lokhu kungase kubonise isimo esiphuthumayo sezokwelapha esidinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha.

Zithini izinto ezikhuthazayo ze-pseudotumor cerebri?

Abesifazane abaneminyaka engama-20 kuya kwengu-40 banengozi enkulu, ikakhulukazi labo abakhulu noma abakhule ngokushesha. Lesi simo sivame kakhulu kwabesifazane kunamadoda cishe izikhathi ezingu-8, ngenxa yokuthinta kwe-hormonal.

Ukukhuluphala kukhuphula kakhulu ingozi yakho, futhi ukukhuluphala okusheshayo ngezinye izikhathi kungakhuthaza lesi simo. Lobu buhlobo abuluqondakali ngokuphelele, kodwa kungase buhlobane nendlela ukukhuluphala okukhulu okuchaphazela ngayo amazinga e-hormone nokulinganisela kwe-fluid emzimbeni wakho.

Ezinye izinto ezikhuthazayo zihlanganisa:

• Ukuba owesifazane oneminyaka yokuzala
• Ukukhuluphala noma ukukhuluphala okukhulu okwenziwe muva
• I-sleep apnea noma ezinye izifo zokulala
• I-Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
• Ukusebenzisa imithi ethile isikhathi eside
• Ukuba nesifo sezinso
• Ukukhulelwa okwenziwe muva noma ukushintsha kwe-hormonal

Ukuba nalezi zinto ezikhuthazayo akusho ukuthi uzothuthukisa i-pseudotumor cerebri, kodwa ukwazi ngazo kungakusiza ukuthi uqaphele izimpawu ngokushesha. Uma unezinto eziningi ezikhuthazayo, kufanele uxoxe nodokotela wakho ngesikhathi sokuvakasha okujwayelekile.

Zithini izinhlanganisela ezingaba khona ze-pseudotumor cerebri?

Inhlanganisela ebucayi kakhulu ukulahlekelwa ukubona okungapheli, okungase kwenzeke uma lesi simo singelaphiwe ngokushesha. Ukwanda kokucindezela kungalimaza i-optic nerves yakho, okuholela ezindaweni eziphithizelwe noma ukulahlekelwa ukubona ngokuphelele ezimweni ezinzima.

Izinkinga zobuso ngokuvamile ziqala njengezikhathi ezingekho isikhathi eside kodwa zingaba okungapheli uma ukucindezela kuqhubeka nokukhula. Kungakho ukuxilongwa ngokushesha nokwelashwa kubalulekile kakhulu ekuvikeleni ukubona kwakho isikhathi eside.

Izinhlanganisela ezingaba khona zihlanganisa:

• Ukulahlekelwa ukubona okungapheli noma izindawo eziphithizelwe
• Izikhathi zokuzwa ubuhlungu bemihla ngemihla
• Ukonakala kwe-optic nerve (papilledema)
• Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa noma i-tinnitus eqhubekayo
• Izinkinga zokukhumbula nokugxila
• Usizi noma ukukhathazeka ngenxa yezimpawu eziqhubekayo

Izinhlanganisela ezingavamile zihlanganisa izifo ezibuhlungu eziqhubekayo nobunzima bokufeza imisebenzi yansuku zonke ngenxa yezimpawu eziqhubekayo. Abanye abantu bathuthukisa umsindo oqhubekayo ezindlebeni zabo ochaphazela ikhwalithi yabo yokuphila. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ngokwelashwa okufanele, izinhlanganisela eziningi zingavikeleka noma zinciphisiwe.

I-pseudotumor cerebri ingavikeleka kanjani?

Nakuba ungakwazi ukuvimbela zonke izimo ze-pseudotumor cerebri, ukugcina isisindo esinempilo ingenye yezindlela ezisebenzayo kakhulu zokunciphisa ingozi yakho. Ukulahlekelwa isisindo ngokuqhubekayo, okuqhubekayo kungaba usizo kakhulu uma ukhulile.

Ukuba oqaphile ngemithi eyaziwayo yokukhuthaza lesi simo kubalulekile. Xoxa njalo ngemiphumela emibi nodokotela wakho, ikakhulukazi uma usebenzisa ama-antibiotics, ama-blood thinners, noma i-vitamin supplements.

Amasu okuvimbela ahlanganisa:

• Ukugcina isisindo esinempilo ngokudla okulinganiselayo nokuzivocavoca
• Ukugwema i-vitamin A supplements eningi ngaphandle kokuthi ilotshwe
• Ukulawula i-sleep apnea uma unayo
• Ukuqapha okujwayelekile uma unezinto ezikhuthazayo
• Ukuxoxa ngemiphumela emibi yemithi nodokotela wakho
• Ukulawula izimo eziyisisekelo njenge-PCOS noma isifo sezinso

Uma unezinto eziningi ezikhuthazayo, ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile nodokotela wakho kungasiza ekutholeni izimpawu zokuqala ngaphambi kokuba izimpawu zibe zimbi. Ukulawula izimo ezinjenge-sleep apnea noma ukungalingani kwe-hormonal kungase futhi kunciphisa ingozi yakho.

I-pseudotumor cerebri ixilongwa kanjani?

Ukuxilongwa ngokuvamile kuqala ngomlando wezokwelapha ophelele nokuhlolwa komzimba, okuhlanganisa ukuhlolwa kwamehlo okuningiliziwe. Udokotela wakho uzofuna ukuqeda ezinye izimbangela zokwanda kokucindezela kobuchopho, ikakhulukazi imidlavuza yangempela yobuchopho.

I-MRI noma i-CT scan yobuchopho ngokuvamile iyivivinyo lokuqala lokufanekisa elienziwayo. Lezi zithombe zisiza ekuqedeni ezinye izimbangela ezingaba khona ngenkathi zibheka izimpawu zokwanda kokucindezela, njengokuvuvukala ezungeze i-optic nerves.

Ivivinyo eliqinisekisiwe ngokuvamile yi-lumbar puncture (spinal tap), lapho inani elincane le-cerebrospinal fluid likhishwa emuva kwakho. Le nqubo inenjongo ezimbili: ilinganisa ukucindezela kwe-spinal fluid yakho futhi inganikeza ukukhululeka kwesimpawu ngokushesha.

Ivivinyo elengeziwe lingase lihlanganise ukuhlolwa kwesigaba sokubona ukuhlola izindawo eziphithizelwe ne-fundoscopy ukuhlola emuva kwamehlo akho ukuze ubone ukuvuvukala. Izivivinyo zegazi zingase ziyalwe ukuhlola izimo eziyisisekelo ezingase zinikeze izimpawu zakho.

Ukuphathwa kwe-pseudotumor cerebri kuyini?

Ukuphathwa kugxile ekuqedeni ukucindezela ngaphakathi ekhanda lakho nokuvimbela ukulahlekelwa ukubona. Ukwelashwa okuvamile kokuqala yimithi ethiwa yi-acetazolamide, esiza ekuqedeni ukukhiqizwa kwe-cerebrospinal fluid.

Ukulahlekelwa isisindo ngokuvamile kunconywa njengengxenye yohlelo lokwelapha, ikakhulukazi uma ukhulile. Ngisho nokulahlekelwa isisindo esincane esingu-5-10% kungathuthukisa kakhulu izimpawu futhi kunciphisa ukucindezela.

Amakhetho okwelapha ahlanganisa:

• I-Acetazolamide (Diamox) ukuze kunciphisa ukukhiqizwa kwe-fluid
• I-Topiramate, engasiza kokubili ukucindezela nokulahlekelwa isisindo
• I-Furosemide noma ezinye izidakamizwa ze-diuretic kwezinye izimo
• Ama-Corticosteroids ukuze kube khona ukukhululeka okufushane ezimweni ezinzima
• Ukwenza i-lumbar punctures ngokuphindaphindiwe uma imithi ingasebenzi kahle
• Amakhetho okuhlinzwa njengokufaka i-shunt noma i-optic nerve fenestration ezimweni ezinzima

Udokotela wakho uzolandelela intuthuko yakho eduze ngokuhlolwa kwamehlo okujwayelekile nokulinganiswa kokucindezela. Uma imithi ingalawuli izimpawu zakho ngokwanele, izinqubo zokuhlinzwa zingakha izindlela ezihlukile zokukhipha i-fluid engeziwe.

Indlela yokuphatha izimpawu ekhaya ngesikhathi sokwelashwa?

Ukuphatha izimpawu zansuku zonke ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kwakho kuyisigaba esibalulekile sokuphulukisa kwakho. Ukulungiswa okulula kokuphila kungasiza ekuqedeni ubuhlungu obukhulu futhi kukwenze uzizwe ukhululekile.

Lala ngekhanda lakho eliphakeme emapilini engeziwe ukuze usize ekuqedeni izikhathi zokuzwa ubuhlungu ekuseni. Abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi ukugcina ikhanda labo liphakeme kunenhliziyo yabo, ngisho nasekuphumuleni, kungakusiza ekuqedeni izimpawu ezihlobene nokucindezela.

Amasu okuphatha ekhaya ahlanganisa:

• Ukulala ngekhanda lakho eliphakeme emapilini angu-2-3
• Ukugwema imisebenzi ekhuphula ukucindezela (ukuphakamisa okunzima, ukucindezela)
• Ukugcina umzimba uqinisile kodwa ungagcini amanzi
• Ukulandela ukudla okune-sodium encane ukuze kunciphisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi
• Ukusebenzisa imithi elotshiwe ngokunembile njengoba kuqondiswe
• Ukwenza amasu okulawula ukucindezeleka
• Ukuqapha izimpawu zakho nokubika izinguquko kudo kotela wakho

Ukuphathwa kobuhlungu kungase kuhlanganise ukusebenzisa ama-cold packs ekhanda lakho nentanyeni, ukwenza amasu okuphumula, nokugcina izikhathi zokulala eziqondile. Gwema i-caffeine ne-alcohol, njengoba lezi zingase zenza izikhathi zokuzwa ubuhlungu zibe zimbi noma zihlanganise nemithi yakho.

Kufanele uzilungiselele kanjani i-appointment yakho yodokotela?

Ngaphambi kwe-appointment yakho, gcina idayari yezimpawu ezinemininingwane okungenani isonto elilodwa. Qaphela ukuthi izikhathi zokuzwa ubuhlungu zenzeka nini, ubukhulu bazo, yini eyenza zibe ngcono noma zimbi, nanoma yikuphi ukushintsha kobuso obukubona.

Letha uhlu oluphelele lwemithi yonke, ama-supplements, nama-vitamins osebenzisa, kuhlanganise ne-dosages. Lolu lwazi lubalulekile ngoba imithi ethile ingakhuthaza noma ibe yimbi i-pseudotumor cerebri.

Lungiselela uhlu lwemibuzo mayelana nezimpawu zakho, amakhetho okwelapha, nokuthi yini okulindelekile ngesikhathi sokuphulukisa. Unganqikazi ukubuza ngezinguquko zokuphila ezingasiza noma imisebenzi okumele uyigweme.

Cabanga ukuletha ilungu lomndeni noma umngani ukuze akusize ukukhumbula ulwazi olubalulekile, ikakhulukazi uma ubhekene nezinkinga zokukhumbula noma izikhathi zokuzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu ezenza kube nzima ukugxila ngesikhathi se-appointment.

Yini eyinhloko mayelana ne-pseudotumor cerebri?

I-Pseudotumor cerebri yisimo esinzima kodwa esilawuleka esidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi uma ukushintsha kobuso kuhilelekile. Isifuba sokwelashwa okuphumelelayo ukuxilongwa ngokushesha nokulandelela ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo neqembu lakho lezokwelapha.

Abantu abaningi abane-pseudotumor cerebri bangalindela ukuthuthuka okukhulu ngokwelashwa okufanele, nakuba kungase kuthathe izinyanga eziningi ukuze babone imiphumela ephelele. Lesi simo singabuya, ngakho-ke ukuqapha okuqhubekayo kubalulekile ngisho noma izimpawu zithuthuke.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuvikela ukubona kwakho kuyinto ebaluleke kakhulu. Ungalihli ukufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha uma ubhekene nezikhathi zokuzwa ubuhlungu obukhulu ngokushintsha kobuso, futhi ulandele uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha ngokuqhubekayo ngisho noma uqale ukuzizwa ukhulu.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwayo mayelana ne-pseudotumor cerebri

Ingaphela yodwa i-pseudotumor cerebri?

Nakuba ezinye izimo ezilula zingase zithuthuke ngaphandle kokwelashwa, i-pseudotumor cerebri ngokuvamile idinga ukungenelela kwezokwelapha ukuvimbela ukulahlekelwa ukubona okungapheli. Ingozi yokonakala kwe-optic nerve iphakeme kakhulu ukulinda nokubona uma izimpawu ziqeda ngokwemvelo. Ukwelashwa ngokushesha kukunika ithuba elihle kakhulu lokuphulukisa ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwezinhlanganisela ezihlala njalo.

Ingabe i-pseudotumor cerebri ifana nomdlavuza wobuchopho?

Cha, i-pseudotumor cerebri ayihlanganisi umdlavuza wangempela naphezu kokubangela izimpawu ezifanayo. Igama lisho ukuthi "umdlavuza wobuchopho ongaqondiwe" ngoba lilingisa izimpawu zomdlavuza wobuchopho ngokwanda kokucindezela kunokukhula kwamaselula angajwayelekile. Ukufanekisa ubuchopho kungakwahlukanisa phakathi kwalezi zimo ezimbili, kungakho i-MRI noma i-CT scans kubalulekile ekuxilongweni okufanele.

Ingabe ngizodinga ukuhlinzwa nge-pseudotumor cerebri?

Abantu abaningi abane-pseudotumor cerebri bayaphendula kahle emithini futhi abadingi ukuhlinzwa. Amakhetho okuhlinzwa njengokufaka i-shunt noma i-optic nerve fenestration ngokuvamile agcinelwe izimo ezinzima ezingathuthuki ngemithi, noma lapho ukulahlekelwa ukubona kuqhubeka naphezu kokwelashwa. Udokotela wakho uzokuqeda amakhetho angaphandle kokuhlinzwa kuqala.

Ingabe ukukhulelwa kungakhuthaza i-pseudotumor cerebri?

Yebo, ukukhulelwa kungakhuthaza i-pseudotumor cerebri ngenxa yokushintsha kwe-hormonal, ukukhuluphala, nokwanda kwegazi. Kodwa-ke, ukuba nalesi simo akusho ukuthi awukwazi ukuba nokukhulelwa okunempilo. Uma une-pseudotumor cerebri futhi uhlela ukukhulelwa, sebenzisana eduze nodokotela wakho we-neurologist nodokotela wakho we-obstetrician ukuze ulawule lesi simo ngokuphepha.

Ukuphathwa kwe-pseudotumor cerebri kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani?

Isikhathi sokwelashwa sihluka kakhulu kumuntu ngamunye, kodwa abantu abaningi badinga imithi izinyanga eziningi kuya eminyakeni. Abanye bangase badinge ukwelashwa isikhathi eside ukuvimbela ukubuya. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi abantu abaningi babona ukuthuthuka kwesimpawu phakathi kwamasonto ambalwa ngemuva kokuqala ukwelashwa, nakuba ukuxazulula ngokuphelele kungase kuthathe isikhathi eside. Udokotela wakho uzolandelela intuthuko yakho futhi alungise ukwelashwa njengoba kudingeka.