Ukuthi yini i-Psoriasis? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, kanye Nokwelashwa

Iyini i-Psoriasis?

I-Psoriasis yisimo sekhumba esingapheli lapho i-immune system yakho iqhubekisela phambili ukukhiqizwa kwamaselula ekhumba ngephutha, okubangela ukuba kube khona amaqatha amakhulu, ane-scale ekhumbeni lakho. Cabanga ngakho njengendlela yokuvuselelwa kwekhumba lomzimba wakho ehluleka ukuqhubeka ngokushesha.

Esikhundleni sokuba amaseli ekhumba athathe isikhathi sawo esivamile sezinsuku ezingu-28 ukuvuthwa nokuxoshwa, i-psoriasis ienza le nqubo ibe khona ezinsukwini ezingu-3-4 kuphela. Lokhu kushintshashintsha okusheshayo kudala ama-scale amakhulu, abomvu, abomvu abaveza lesi simo.

Awuwedwa ekubhekaneni nalesi simo. I-Psoriasis ithinta abantu abangaba ngu-2-3% emhlabeni jikelele, futhi ingabonakala kunoma iyiphi iminyaka, nakuba ivame ukukhula phakathi kweminyaka engu-15-35.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Psoriasis?

Izimpawu ezibonakala kakhulu ze-psoriasis yi-patches ekhumbeni ephakeme, ebomvu ehlanganiswe nama-scale abomvu-mhlophe. Lezi patches zingabonakala kunoma iyiphi indawo emzimbeni wakho, kodwa zinamaqhawe azo.

Nawa ama-symptom aphambili ongawaqaphela:

• Amaqatha amakhulu, abomvu ekhumbeni ahlanganiswe nama-scale abomvu-mhlophe
• Ikhumba eliomile, elikhulu elingase ligele
• Ukukhahlela, ukushisa, noma ubuhlungu ezindaweni ezihlaselekile
• Ama-spot amancane e-scaling, ikakhulukazi kubantwana
• Izinzipho nezinzipho ezicindezelwe, eziminyene, noma ezinqamuzayo
• Ama-joint abuvukile futhi aqinile kwezinye izimo

Ama-patches avame ukubonakala ezingalweni zakho, amadolo, ikhanda, kanye emuva ophansi. Noma kunjalo, i-psoriasis ingaqagela futhi ibonakale ezandleni zakho, ezinyaweni, entanyeni, ebusweni, noma ngisho ngaphakathi emlonyeni wakho ezimweni ezingavamile.

Izimpawu zakho zingase ziye ziye ngezikhathi, ngokuqhuma okuhlala amasonto noma izinyanga kulandele izikhathi zokukhululeka. Leli phethini elingalindelekile liyinto evamile nge-psoriasis.

Ziyini izinhlobo ze-Psoriasis?

Kunezinhlobo eziningi ze-psoriasis, ngayinye ine-characteristics yayo. Abantu abaningi bane-plaque psoriasis, kodwa ukuqonda izinhlobo ezahlukene kungakusiza uqonde ukuthi ubhekene nani.

I-Plaque Psoriasis uhlobo oluvamile kakhulu, oluthinta abantu abangaba ngu-80-90% abanesimo. Yenza lawo maqatha amakhulu, abomvu ahlanganiswe nama-scale abomvu-mhlophe.

I-Guttate Psoriasis ibonakala njenge-lesion encane, enjengamanzi emzimbeni, ezingalweni, ezinyaweni, nasekhanda. Lo mnyombo uvame ukukhula ngemuva kokutheleleka kwe-bacteria, ikakhulukazi i-strep throat, futhi uvame kakhulu kubantwana nasebasha.

I-Inverse Psoriasis ibonakala emakhombweni ekhumba njengaphansi kwezandla, i-groin, ngaphansi kwamabele, nasezindaweni zangasese. Lezi patches zibude futhi zibomvu kunokuba zibe nama-scale, futhi zingase zibe nzima ngenxa yokusabela nokukhahlela.

I-Pustular Psoriasis idala ama-pustule amhlophe ahlanganiswe nekhumba elibomvu. Naphezu kokubonakala kwayo, la ma-pustule awatheleleki noma awudluliseki. Lo mnyombo ungaba khona ezandleni nasezinyaweni noma, ezimweni ezingavamile, uhlanganise iningi lomzimba wakho.

I-Erythrodermic Psoriasis uhlobo olura kakhulu futhi olukhulu kakhulu, oluhlanganisa iningi lomzimba wakho nge-rash ebomvu, ehlanza. Lo mnyombo ungaba yingozi futhi udinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha kwezokwelapha.

Yini ebangela i-Psoriasis?

I-Psoriasis ikhula lapho i-immune system yakho ihluleka futhi ihlasela amaseli ekhumba anempilo ngephutha. Lokhu kuphendula kwe-autoimmune kuqalisa ukukhiqizwa kwamaselula ekhumba okusheshayo okudala lawo maqatha avelele.

I-genes yakho idlala indima ebalulekile ekuthini uzokhula yini nge-psoriasis. Uma unembele noma umfowenu onesimo, unethuba elikhulu lokuthuthukisa wena, nakuba kungekho siqinisekiso.

Izinto eziningi zingase ziqalise i-psoriasis flare-ups kubantu abathintekile ngokufanele:

• Ukutholakala, ikakhulukazi i-strep throat noma ukutholakala kwekhumba
• Ukuqina, kokubili komzimba nangokomzwelo
• Ukulimala kwekhumba njengokuqothula, ukukhahlela, ukukhahlela izinambuzane, noma ukushisa okukhulu kwelanga
• Imithi ethile, kufaka phakathi i-lithium, i-beta-blockers, kanye nemithi ye-antimalarial
• Ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu, ikakhulukazi isimo sezulu esibandayo, esomile
• Ukubhema nokusebenzisa utshwala kakhulu
• Ukushintsha kwe-hormonal ngesikhathi sokuqina, ukukhulelwa, noma i-menopause

Kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi i-psoriasis ayidluliseki. Awukwazi ukuyithola komunye umuntu noma uyisakaze ngokuthinta, ukwabelana ngezinto zomuntu siqu, noma ukuba eduze.

Ezimweni ezingavamile, i-psoriasis ingase iqaliswe ezinye izimo ze-autoimmune noma izifo ezinkulu zesimiso, nakuba lokhu kungavamile kunokuthi izimbangela ezivamile ezikhulunywe ngenhla.

Nini okufanele ubheke udokotela nge-Psoriasis?

Kufanele ubheke umhlinzeki wezempilo uma uqaphela ama-patches abomvu, ane-scale ekhumbeni lakho angathuthuki ngemithi yokwelapha engaphezulu kwe-counter. Ukuxilongwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nokuphathwa kungasiza ukuvimbela isimo singabi sibi.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha uma izimpawu zakho zithinta impilo yakho yansuku zonke, zibangela ukungakhululeki okukhulu, noma zithinta ukuzethemba kwakho. Akukho sidingo sokuhlala uthule lapho kukhona ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo okutholakalayo.

Thola ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nezibonakaliso ze-erythrodermic psoriasis, njengokubomvu okubanzi nokukhahlela okuhlanganisa iningi lomzimba wakho, ukufiphaza, ukugqwala, noma ukukhahlela okukhulu. Lo mnyombo udinga ukwelashwa okusheshayo.

Kufanele futhi ubone udokotela uma uthuthukisa ubuhlungu be-joint, ubuhlungu, noma ukukhula kanye nezimpawu zakho zekhumba, njengoba lokhu kungase kubonise i-psoriatic arthritis, ethinta abantu abangaba ngu-30% abane-psoriasis.

Ziyini izinto ezingase zikubeke engozini ye-Psoriasis?

Ukuqonda izinto ezingase zikubeke engozini kungakusiza wenze izinqumo ezilwemi mayelana nokuvimbela nokubona kwangaphambi kwesikhathi. Ezinye izinto awukwazi ukuzilawula, kanti ezinye ungazithinta ngokukhetha indlela yokuphila.

Nawa ama-risk factor aphambili andisa amathuba akho okuthuthukisa i-psoriasis:

• Umlando womndeni we-psoriasis noma ezinye izimo ze-autoimmune
• Iminyaka, ngokuqala okuphezulu phakathi kweminyaka engu-15-35 kanye nenye i-peak cishe eminyakeni engu-50-60
• Ukuqina, kokubili okungapheli nokukhahlela okukhulu
• Ukubhema, okungase futhi kubangele i-psoriasis ekhona
• Ukusebenzisa utshwala kakhulu
• Ukukhuluphala, okungase kuqalise i-inverse psoriasis emakhombweni ekhumba
• Ukutholakala okuthile, ikakhulukazi i-strep throat
• Ukutheleleka kwe-HIV, okungase kuqalise noma kubangele i-psoriasis

Ukuba no-risk factor oyedwa noma ngaphezulu akusho ukuthi uzokhula nge-psoriasis. Abantu abaningi abane-risk factor eminingi abakhulumi lesi simo, kanti abanye abane-risk factor embalwa bayenza.

Ezinye izinto ezingavamile ezingase zikubeke engozini zihlanganisa ukushoda kwe-vitamin D, ezinye izimo ze-autoimmune njenge-Crohn's disease, nokudalulwa ezinto eziyingozi emvelo, nakuba le miqondiso isacwaningwa.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zenzeke ngenxa ye-Psoriasis?

Nakuba i-psoriasis ikakhulukazi ithinta ikhumba lakho, ngezinye izikhathi ingase iholele kwezinye izinkinga zempilo. Ukuqonda lezi zinkinga ezingase zenzeke kukusiza usebenze neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuqapha nokuvikela impilo yakho yonke.

Inkinga evamile kakhulu yi-psoriatic arthritis, ethuthukela kubantu abangaba ngu-30% abane-psoriasis. Lesi simo sibangela ubuhlungu be-joint, ubuhlungu, nokukhula okungase kuthonye kakhulu ukuhamba kwakho kanye nekhwalithi yempilo.

Abantu abane-psoriasis banesigaba esikhulu sokuthuthukisa izimo ezithile zempilo:

• Isifo senhliziyo, kufaka phakathi ukuhlaselwa yinhliziyo nokushaya
• I-diabetes kanye ne-metabolic syndrome
• I-blood pressure ephezulu kanye ne-cholesterol
• Isifo se-inflammatory bowel
• Ukuqina nokukhathazeka
• Izinkinga zokulala
• Isifo sezinso
• I-Osteoporosis

Izinkinga zamehlo zingase zenzeke ngezinye izikhathi, kufaka phakathi i-conjunctivitis, i-blepharitis, nasezimweni ezingavamile, i-uveitis. Lezi zinkinga zivame kakhulu uma une-psoriasis eqinile noma i-psoriatic arthritis.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ukwelashwa okulungile nokuphathwa kwendlela yokuphila kunganciphisa kakhulu amathuba akho okuthuthukisa lezi zinkinga. Ukuqapha okuvamile nokunakekelwa okuvimbelayo kuyisihluthulelo sokulondoloza impilo yakho yonke.

I-Psoriasis ixilongwa kanjani?

Ukuxilongwa kwe-psoriasis kuvame ukubandakanya ukuhlolwa komzimba lapho udokotela wakho ebheka khona ikhumba lakho, izinzipho, kanye nekhanda. Ezimweni eziningi, ukubonakala okuqondile kwama-patches e-psoriatic kwenza ukuxilongwa kube lula.

Udokotela wakho uzokubuza ngezimpawu zakho, umlando womndeni, nanoma yiziphi izinto ezingase zikubeke engozini ozibonile. Bazofuna futhi ukwazi nganoma iyiphi imithi oyisebenzisayo kanye nezifo zakamuva noma ukuqina okuhlangenwe nakho.

Ngezinye izikhathi, i-biopsy yekhumba ingase idingeke ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa noma ukukhipha ezinye izimo. Lokhu kubandakanya ukuthatha isampula encane yekhumba elihlaselekile ukuyiphenya ngaphansi komkhiqizo.

Uma uhlangabezana nobuhlungu be-joint kanye nezimpawu zekhumba, udokotela wakho angase a-ode ama-blood test ukuhlola ama-inflammation markers noma ama-X-rays ukubheka ukulimala kwe-joint ehlobene ne-psoriatic arthritis.

Awekho ama-blood test olulodwa angaxilonga i-psoriasis, kodwa udokotela wakho angase enze ama-test ukuqeda ezinye izimo ezingase zibonakale zifanayo, njenge-eczema, ukutholakala kwe-fungal, noma ezinye izifo ze-autoimmune.

Uyini ukwelashwa kwe-Psoriasis?

Ukwelashwa kwe-psoriasis kugxile ekuthambiseni ukukhiqizwa kwamaselula ekhumba, ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala, nokususa ama-scale. Uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa luzoxhomeka ekuthini isimo sakho siqine kangakanani nokuthi siphendula kanjani emithi ehlukene.

Ukwelashwa okuthinta ikhumba kuvame ukuba yindlela yokuqala yokulwa ne-psoriasis ephansi kuya kwephakathi. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ama-corticosteroid creams, ama-vitamin D analogs njenge-calcipotriene, kanye nama-retinoids asiza ukulungisa ukukhiqizwa kwamaselula ekhumba.

Nge-psoriasis ebanzi kakhulu noma eqinile, ukwelashwa kokukhanya kungase kube yindlela ephumelelayo kakhulu. Lokhu kubandakanya ukudalulwa okulawulwayo ekukhanyeni kwe-ultraviolet, i-UVB noma i-UVA ngemithi ebizwa nge-psoralen.

Imithi yesimiso ingase icelwe i-psoriasis ephakathi kuya kwesinzima:

• I-Methotrexate, ecindezela i-immune system
• I-Cyclosporine yokuthuthukiswa okusheshayo ezimweni ezinkulu
• Ama-Biologics, ahlose izingxenye ezithile ze-immune system
• Ama-Oral retinoids njenge-acitretin
• Imithi emisha yomlomo njenge-apremilast

Imithi ye-Biologic iye yaguqula ukwelashwa kwe-psoriasis eminyakeni yamuva. Lokhu kuhlanganisa imithi efana ne-adalimumab, i-etanercept, kanye nezinketho ezintsha njenge-secukinumab ne-ixekizumab, ezingafinyelela amazinga okuhlanza okuhle.

Uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa lungase lubandakanye ukuhlanganisa izindlela ezahlukene, futhi kungase kudingeke isikhathi esithile ukuthola ukuthi yini ekuhambela kahle. Ukulandelela okuvamile nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo kubalulekile ukuqapha intuthuko nokwenza izinguquko ekwelapheni njengoba kudingeka.

Ukwelashwa kwasekhaya ngesikhathi se-Psoriasis?

Ukuphatha i-psoriasis ekhaya kubandakanya izindlela zokunakekelwa kwansuku zonke ezingathuthukisa kakhulu izimpawu zakho kanye nokuthula kwakho konke. Ukuzinza kuyisihluthulelo sokubona ukuthuthuka ngezindlela zokunakekelwa kwasekhaya.

Ukufaka umswakama kuyinye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu ongayenza. Faka ama-moisturizer amakhulu, angenamphunga ngokushesha ngemuva kokugeza ngenkathi ikhumba lakho lisalimanzi ukuvala umswakama nokunciphisa ama-scale.

Nawa amasu okuhlanza ekhaya ongazama:

• Thatha izimbobo ezishisayo nge-Epsom salts, i-oatmeal, noma izixazululo ze-tar
• Sebenzisa amasoseji abuthakathaka, angenamphunga futhi ugweme ukukhahlela okukhulu
• Faka i-moisturizer izikhathi eziningi ngosuku, ikakhulukazi ama-ointment amakhulu
• Zama ukwelashwa okungaphezulu kwe-counter okuqukethe i-salicylic acid noma i-tar
• Sebenzisa i-humidifier ukufaka umswakama emoyeni wangaphakathi owomile
• Dlulisa izindawo ezihlaselekile ekukhanyeni kwelanga okuncane nsuku zonke
• Phatha ukuqina ngezindlela zokupumula, ukuzivocavoca, noma ukucamngca

Gwema izinto ezivame ukuqalisa njengokulimala kwekhumba, ukuqina, kanye nokudla okuthile okubonakala kubangela izimpawu zakho. Gcina idayari yesimpawu ukuqonda izinto zakho siqu eziqalisa kanye neziphetho.

Abanye abantu bathola ukukhululeka ngezindlela zokwelapha zemvelo njenge-aloe vera gel, i-tea tree oil, noma i-turmeric, nakuba kufanele uxoxe ngalokhu nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuzzama, ikakhulukazi uma usebenzisa ezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-Appointment yakho yokuya kudokotela?

Ukulungiselela ukuvakasha kwakho kudokotela kungakusiza uthole okuningi e-appointment yakho futhi kuqinisekise ukuthi awukhohlwa ulwazi olubalulekile. Ukuzilungiselela kancane kuhamba ibanga elide ekutholeni ukunakekelwa okudingayo.

Yenza uhlu lwezimpawu zakho zonke, kufaka phakathi ukuthi zaqala nini, yini eyenza zibe ngcono noma zimbi, nanoma yiziphi iziphetho ozibonile. Thatha izithombe zezindawo ezihlaselekile uma zingabonakali kalula ngesikhathi se-appointment.

Letha uhlu oluphelele lwemithi, izithasiselo, kanye nokuphathwa okuthinta ikhumba okusebenzisa okwamanje noma okuye kwazamwa esikhathini esidlule. Faka kokubili imithi yokwelapha kanye nemikhiqizo engaphezulu kwe-counter.

Bhala imibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza udokotela wakho:

• Yiluphi uhlobo lwe-psoriasis enayo?
• Ziyini izinketho zokwelapha ezitholakalayo kimi?
• Ingabe kukhona ukushintsha kwendlela yokuphila okungasiza?
• Ziyini izingozi ezingase zenzeke ngenxa yokwelashwa okuceliwe?
• Ngabe kungakanani ngaphambi kokuba ngibone ukuthuthuka?
• Kufanele ngikhathazeke ngezinye izinkinga zempilo?

Cabanga ukuletha ilungu lomndeni noma umngani ukuze uthole ukwesekwa, ikakhulukazi uma uzizwa ukhathazekile nge-appointment. Bangakusiza ukukhumbula ulwazi olubalulekile nokubuza imibuzo ongaze uyikhohlwe.

Yiba eqotho ngendlela i-psoriasis ethinta ngayo impilo yakho yansuku zonke, umsebenzi, nobuhlobo. Lolu lwazi lusisiza udokotela wakho ukuqonda umthelela ophelele nokukhetha indlela yokwelapha efanele kakhulu.

Iyini into ebaluleke kakhulu nge-Psoriasis?

I-Psoriasis yisimo esingapheli esilawuleka esithinta izigidi zabantu emhlabeni jikelele. Nakuba kungekho ukwelashwa, imithi eminingi ephumelelayo ingakusiza ufinyelele ekhumbeni elicacile noma ecishe libe elicacile futhi uphile impilo egcwele, esebenzayo.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi i-psoriasis ayisiyonxa yakho, futhi awudingi ukwamukela ukungakhululeki noma ukulinganiselwa njengokungaphepheki. Ngohlelo lokwelapha olufanele kanye nendlela yokunakekelwa kwakho, abantu abaningi abane-psoriasis bangafinyelela ekuthuthukiseni okukhulu ezimpawu zabo.

Ukuxilongwa kwangaphambi kwesikhathi nokwelashwa kungenza umehluko omkhulu ezimpumelelweni zakho zesikhathi eside. Unganqikazi ukufuna usizo kumhlinzeki wezempilo oqonda i-psoriasis futhi angasebenza nawe ukuthuthukisa isu lokwelapha eliphumelelayo.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuphatha i-psoriasis kuvame ukuba yindlela yokuthola ukuthi yini ekuhambela kahle esimweni sakho esiyingqayizivele. Yiba nesineke nenqubo, uhlale uzinzile ngohlelo lwakho lokwelapha, futhi ugcine ukuxhumana okuvulekile neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Nge-Psoriasis

Ingabe i-psoriasis idluliseka?

Cha, i-psoriasis ayidluliseki nhlobo. Awukwazi ukuyithola komunye umuntu noma uyisakaze ngokuthinta, ukwabelana ngezinto zomuntu siqu, ukubhukuda ebhulukwini elifanayo, noma noma iyiphi enye indlela yokuxhumana. Yisimo se-autoimmune esikhula ngenxa yesistimu yakho ye-immune kanye nezinto ze-genetic.

Ingabe i-psoriasis ingaphiliswa ngokuphelele?

Okwamanje, awekho ukwelashwa kwe-psoriasis, kodwa kungaphathwa kahle kakhulu. Abantu abaningi bafinyelela ekuhlanzweni okuphelele noma okuqhele kakhulu kwezimpawu zabo ngokwelashwa okulungile. Umgomo ukulawula isimo nokugcina izikhathi ezinde zokukhululeka lapho unezimpawu ezincane noma azikho.

Ingabe i-psoriasis yami izoba sibi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi?

I-Psoriasis ithinta wonke umuntu ngokuhlukile. Abanye abantu banezimpawu ezilula ezihlala zihlala zinzima iminyaka, kanti abanye bahlangabezana nokuqhuma okukhulu. Ngokwelashwa okulungile nokuphathwa kwendlela yokuphila, abantu abaningi bathola ukuthi i-psoriasis yabo iba lula ukuyilawula ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, futhi ukwelashwa okusha kuhlale kuthuthukiswa.

Ingabe ukushintsha kokudla kungasiza nge-psoriasis?

Nakuba kungekho ukudla okuthile kwe-psoriasis, abanye abantu bathola ukuthi ukudla okuthile kungase kuqalise ukuqhuma. Izinto ezivame ukuqalisa zihlanganisa utshwala, ukudla okuthuthukisiwe, nokudla okunoshukela olukhulu. Ukudla okulwa nokuvuvukala okunomsoco wezithelo, imifino, izinhlanzi, kanye no-whole grains kungasiza abanye abantu ukuphatha izimpawu zabo kangcono.

Ingabe kuphephile ukukhulelwa uma ngine-psoriasis?

Yebo, abesifazane abaningi abane-psoriasis bangaba nokukhulelwa okunempilo. Noma kunjalo, kufanele uxoxe ngemithi yakho nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuzimisela ukukhulelwa, njengoba ezinye izindlela zokwelapha i-psoriasis aziphephile ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Ngokuthakazelisayo, abesifazane abaningi bathola ukuthi i-psoriasis yabo iyancipha ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngenxa yokushintsha kwe-hormonal.