Izinambuzane Zesifuba (Amakrebe): Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

Izinambuzane zesifuba, ezivame ukubizwa ngokuthi "amakrebe," yizilwanyana ezincane eziphila ezinweni lomzimba, ikakhulu endaweni yesifuba. Lezi zidalwa ezincane zidla igazi lomuntu futhi zingabangela ukukhahlela nokungakhululeki, kodwa zilawuleka ngokuphelele futhi azinazingozi ezinkulu empilweni.

Uma ubhekene nale meko, yazi ukuthi ivame kakhulu kunalokho ocabanga ngakho. Nakuba kungase kuzwakale kuyihlazo, izinambuzane zesifuba zimane nje yimeko yezokwelapha ephendula kahle ekwelapheni okufanele.

Ziyini ngempela izinambuzane zesifuba?

Izinambuzane zesifuba yizilwanyana ezincane ezilingana nobukhulu bekhanda lepinini ezinamathela ezinhlamvini zezinwele endaweni yesifuba. Zithola igama elithi "amakrebe" ngoba izipiko zazo ezifana nezekrebe zizisiza ukubamba ngokuqinile ezinhlamvini zezinwele.

Lezi zinambuzane zihlukile ezinambuzaneni zezinwele nezinambuzane zomzimba. Zilungele ukuphila ezinweni elikhulu elitholakala endaweni yakho yobudoda, nakuba ngezinye izikhathi zingasakazeka kwamanye ama-eza anezinwele ezifanayo njengezitho, izinwele zesifuba, noma ngisho nezipikili nemihlumelo.

Izinambuzane ezindala ngokuvamile ziba mhlophe oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka noma umbala oluhlaza okwesundu. Zibeka amaqanda azo, abizwa ngokuthi ama-nits, abonakala njengezinto ezincane ezimhlophe noma eziluhlaza okwesundu ezinamathele ngokuqinile ezinhlamvini zezinwele eduze kwesikhumba.

Ziyini izimpawu zezinambuzane zesifuba?

Isici esibonakalayo kakhulu sezinambuzane zesifuba yikukhahlela okuqhubekayo endaweni yesifuba okuvame ukuba sibi ebusuku. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba izinambuzane ziyaqina uma ulele futhi ukushisa komzimba wakho kukhuphuka kancane.

Nawa ama-symptom aphambili ongawabona:

• Ukukhahlela okukhulu endaweni yesifuba, ikakhulu ebusuku
• Amabala amancane abomvu noma aluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka esikhumbeni lapho izinambuzane zikhonkhele khona
• Amabala amancane amnyama noma aluhlaza okwesundu ezingutsheni zakho ezivela ekuphumuleni kwezinambuzane
• Izinambuzane noma ama-nits abonakala ezinamathele ezinweni lesifuba
• Ukuvuvukala okuncane noma ukuzizwa ukhulu (okungavamile)
• Ikhumba elihlunguluzekile, elivuvukile ngenxa yokukhahlela

Abanye abantu baphawula amabala amancane amnyama ehamba ezinweni lesifuba, kanti abanye bangase babone ama-nits amancane amhlophe noma aluhlaza okwesundu anamathele ezinweni ngalinye. Ukukhahlela kungaba nzima kakhulu futhi kungase kuphazamise ukulala noma imisebenzi yansuku zonke.

Kwezinye izikhathi, uma izinambuzane zisakazeka emihlumeleni, ungase ube nokuhlunguluzeka kwamehlo, ubomvu, noma ukuzizwa sengathi kukhona okuthile emehlweni akho. Lokhu kudinga ukunakekelwa okukhethekile njengoba ukwelashwa okuvamile kwezinambuzane kungafanele kusetshenziswe eduze kwamehlo akho.

Yini ebangela izinambuzane zesifuba?

Izinambuzane zesifuba zisakazeka ikakhulu ngokuxhumana komuntu siqu, ngokuvamile ngesikhathi sokuhlangana kobulili. Izinambuzane zihamba ezinweni lomuntu omunye ziye komunye ngesikhathi sokuhlangana okuthile ngoba azikwazi ukuqhuma noma ukubhabha.

Ukudluliswa ngokuziphatha kobulili yindlela evamile kakhulu lezi zinambuzane zisakazekayo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa noma yiluphi uhlobo lokuthintana okuthile lapho izindawo zesifuba zithintana khona, hhayi ubulili obubucayi kuphela. Izinambuzane zimane zihamba komuntu omunye ziye komunye ngesikhathi sokuthintana okuthile.

Kungavamile, ungathola izinambuzane zesifuba ngokwabelana ngezinto zomuntu siqu, nakuba lokhu kungavamile kakhulu kunalokho abantu abakucabangayo. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise:

• Ukubambisana ngamathawula, ikakhulu amathawula amancane
• Ukusebenzisa imibhede efanayo ngokushesha ngemuva komuntu onezinambuzane
• Ukubambisana ngezingubo, ikakhulu izingubo zangaphansi
• Ukusebenzisa izindawo zokuhlanza ngokushesha ngemuva komuntu onezinambuzane (okungavamile kakhulu)

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi izinambuzane zesifuba azikwazi ukuphila isikhathi eside ngaphandle komzimba womuntu. Ngokuvamile ziyafa phakathi kwamahora angu-24-48 ngaphandle kokudla igazi, yingakho ukudluliswa ngezinto kungavamile.

Ukuba nezinambuzane zesifuba akusho ukuthi wena noma umlingani wakho anenhlanzeko embi. Lezi zinambuzane zingathinta noma ubani kungakhathaliseki ukuthi bahlambulukile kangakanani, njengoba zimane zifuna indawo efudumele yokuphila nokudla.

Kufanele ubone nini udokotela ngezinambuzane zesifuba?

Kufanele ubheke umhlinzeki wezempilo uma uqaphela ukukhahlela okuqhubekayo endaweni yesifuba, ikakhulu uma ungabona izinambuzane ezincane noma ama-nits ezinweni lesifuba. Ukuthola ukuxilongwa okufanele kuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukwelashwa okufanele.

Kubalulekile ngokukhethekile ukufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha uma uhlushwa ukukhahlela okukhulu okuvimba ukulala, izimpawu zokutheleleka kwesikhumba ngenxa yokukhahlela, noma uma uqaphela izinambuzane noma ama-nits emihlumeleni yakho noma ezipikili. Lezi zindawo zidinga izindlela zokwelapha ezikhethekile.

Kufanele ubheke udokotela uma ukwelashwa okungenamthetho kungasebenzi ngemuva kokulandela imiyalo ngokuphelele. Ngezinye izikhathi kudingeka imithi enamandla yokwelapha, noma kungase kube khona enye isimo esibangela izimpawu zakho.

Ngaphezu kwalokho, njengoba izinambuzane zesifuba zithathwa ngokuziphatha kobulili, umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo angase akukhuthaze ukuhlolwa kwezinye izifo ezithathwa ngokuziphatha kobulili njengendlela yokuzinakekela.

Ziyini izingozi zezinambuzane zesifuba?

Noma ubani oziphatha ngokobulili angathola izinambuzane zesifuba, kodwa izimo ezithile zingase zikhulise amathuba akho okuvezwa. Ukuqonda lezi zinto zingakusiza ukwenza izinqumo ezilwemi mayelana nokuvimbela.

Izingozi eziyinhloko zihlanganisa:

• Ukuba nabalingani abaningi bobulili
• Ukungaqondi isimo sempilo yomlingani wakho wobulili
• Ukuba nokuthintana kobulili nomuntu onezinambuzane zesifuba
• Ukubambisana ngezinto zomuntu siqu njengamathawula noma imibhede
• Ukuphila ezimweni ezikhulu lapho izinto zomuntu siqu zingase zihlanganyelwe khona

Ubudala bungaba yinto futhi, njengoba izinambuzane zesifuba zivame kakhulu kubantu abasha abasebasha nabantu abadala abasebasha. Noma kunjalo, noma ubani angazithola kungakhathaliseki ubudala, ubulili, noma ukuziphatha kobulili.

Ukuba nezinambuzane zesifuba kanye akusho ukuthi awunayo imfucuza. Ungathola ukutheleleka kabusha uma uvelelwa futhi, yingakho ukwelapha abalingani bobulili ngesikhathi esifanayo kubaluleke kangaka.

Ziyini izinhlanganisela ezingase zenzeke ngezinambuzane zesifuba?

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izinambuzane zesifuba azivamile ukubangela izinhlanganisela ezinkulu. Izinkinga eziningi ezivela zivela ekukhahleleni okukhulu kunalokho izinambuzane ngokwazo.

Izinhlanganisela ezivamile zihlanganisa:

• Ukutheleleka kwesikhumba ngamabhaktheriya ngenxa yokukhahlela
• Ukwenza ama-scar noma ukukhanya kwesikhumba ngenxa yokukhahlela okuqhubekayo
• Ukubhebhetheka kwamanye ama-eza omzimba anezinwele ezikhulu
• Ukuhlupheka kokulala ngenxa yokukhahlela ebusuku
• Usizi noma ukukhathazeka ngesimo

Ukutheleleka kwamabhaktheriya okwesibili kungase kuqale uma ukukhahlela kudala amanxeba avulekile esikhumbeni. Lokhu kutheleleka kungase kudinge ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic ngaphezu kokwelashwa kwezinambuzane.

Kwezinye izikhathi ezimbalwa kakhulu, uma izinambuzane zisakazeka emihlumeleni, zingabangela ukuhlunguluzeka kwamehlo noma ukutheleleka uma zingelaphiwe kahle. Yingakho kubalulekile ukubona umhlinzeki wezempilo uma uqaphela izinambuzane eduze kwamehlo akho.

Izinambuzane zesifuba zingavimbeka kanjani?

Indlela ephumelela kakhulu yokuvimbela izinambuzane zesifuba ukugwema ukuxhumana komuntu siqu nabantu abathelelekile. Njengoba lezi zinambuzane zisakazeka ikakhulu ngokuziphatha kobulili, ukusebenzisa imikhuba ephephile yobulili kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho.

Nawa amasu ayinhloko okuvimbela:

• Nciphisa inani labalingani bakho bobulili
• Xoxa ngokukhululekile nabalingani bakho ngempilo yobudoda
• Gwema ukwabelana ngezinto zomuntu siqu njengamathawula, izingubo zangaphansi, noma imibhede
• Geza bese uomisa izingubo nemibhede ngokushisa okuphezulu uma kukhona ukuvezwa
• Thola ukuhlolwa okuvamile kwempilo yobudoda uma uziphatha ngokobulili

Uma umlingani wakho enezinambuzane zesifuba, gwema ukuxhumana kobulili kuze kube yilapho bobabili niphothule ukwelashwa futhi niqiniswe umhlinzeki wezempilo. Lokhu kuvimbela ukudluliswa okuqhubekayo okungenza inkinga iqhubeke.

Ukusebenzisa ama-condoms kunganciphisa ingozi yezinye izifo ezithathwa ngokuziphatha kobulili, kodwa awakuvikeli ngokuphelele ezinambuzaneni zesifuba njengoba lezi zinambuzane zingaphila ezindaweni ezingagqunywe ama-condoms.

Izinambuzane zesifuba zixilongwa kanjani?

Ukuxilongwa kwezinambuzane zesifuba kuvame ukuba kulula futhi ngokuvamile kwenzeka ngokuhlolwa nje kwamehlo. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzobheka izinambuzane eziphilayo, ama-nits, noma ezinye izimpawu zokutheleleka ezinweni lesifuba.

Ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa, udokotela wakho uzohlola ngokucophelela indawo yesifuba yakho namanye ama-eza anezinwele ezikhulu. Bangase basebenzise i-magnifying glass noma ukukhanya okukhethekile ukuze babone kangcono izinambuzane ezincane nama-nits.

Ngezinye izikhathi umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzosusa izinwele ezinamathele ama-nits ukuze ahlolwe ngaphansi komkhiqizo. Lokhu kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa nokuqeda ezinye izimo ezingase zibangele izimpawu ezifanayo.

Ukuhlolwa kuyashesha futhi kulula. Udokotela wakho angase ahlole nezinye izindawo lapho izinambuzane zingasakazeka khona, njengezinwele zezitho, izinwele zesifuba, noma ngisho nezipikili uma ubike izimpawu kulezo zindawo.

Ukuphathwa kwezinambuzane zesifuba kuyini?

Ukuphathwa kwezinambuzane zesifuba kuphumelela kakhulu futhi ngokuvamile kuhilela ukusebenzisa ama-lotions noma ama-shampoos akhethekile ezindaweni ezithintekile. Abantu abaningi babona ukuhlanzwa okuphelele kokutheleleka kwabo ngokwelashwa okufanele.

Ukuphathwa okungenamthetho kuhlanganisa i-permethrin cream (1%) noma imikhiqizo esekelwe kwi-pyrethrin. Usebenzisa le mi-thi endaweni ethintekile, uyishiye isikhathi esinconywayo (ngokuvamile imizuzu engu-10), bese ugeza kahle ngamanzi afudumele.

Ngokwelashwa okubhalwe yi-doctor, udokotela wakho angase akukhuthaze:

• I-permethrin enamandla (5%) cream
• I-malathion lotion yezimo ezinzima
• I-ivermectin yokutheleleka okubanzi
• Ukuphathwa okukhethekile kwezinambuzane emihlumeleni

Ukuphathwa okuningi kudinga ukuphindaphindwa ngemuva kwezinsuku ezingu-7-10 ukuze kubulawe izinambuzane ezisanda kuzalwa. Lesi sikhathi kubalulekile ngoba imithi ayibulali amaqanda ngaso sonke isikhathi, ngakho ukwelashwa kwesibili kubamba izinambuzane ezizalwa ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kokuqala.

Bonke abalingani bobulili benyanga edlule kufanele baphathwe ngesikhathi esifanayo, ngisho noma bengazi izimpawu. Lokhu kuvimbela ukutheleleka kabusha futhi kusiza ukuyeka ukusakazeka.

Ungaphatha kanjani izinambuzane zesifuba ekhaya?

Nakuba ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kubalulekile ekususeni izinambuzane zesifuba, kunezinto eziningi ongazenza ekhaya ukuze usekele ukululama kwakho nokuvimbela ukutheleleka kabusha.

Okokuqala, geza zonke izingubo, imibhede, namathawula owasebenzise ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ezedlule emanzini ashisayo (okungenani 130°F) bese uwaomisa ngokushisa okuphezulu okungenani imizuzu engu-20. Lokhu kubulala noma yiziphi izinambuzane noma ama-nits angase abe kulezi zinto.

Ngezinto ezingagezi, njengezinye izinto zokugqoka noma izilwane ezifakwe, zivale emabhegini epulasitiki amasonto amabili. Njengoba izinambuzane zingaphili isikhathi eside ngaphandle kokudla, lokhu kuzisusa ngempumelelo.

Susa imibhede yakho, ifenisha ehlanganisiwe, namathaphethi lapho uchitha khona isikhathi. Nakuba ukudluliswa ngalezi zinto kungavamile, kuyisinyathelo esihle sokuzinakekela.

Gwema ukukhahlela ngangokunokwenzeka ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kwesikhumba okwesibili. Ungase usebenzise ama-compress abandayo noma uthathe ama-antihistamines angenamthetho ukuze usizo ekuphatheni ukukhahlela phakathi kokwelashwa.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-appointment yakho yokuya kudokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-appointment yakho kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukwelashwa okuphumelela kakhulu futhi uthole izimpendulo zemibuzo yakho yonke. Bhala izimpawu zakho nokuthi zaqala nini, njengoba lokhu kusiza udokotela wakho ukuqonda isimo sakho kangcono.

Yenza uhlu lwemithi oyithathayo njengamanje, kuhlanganise nemikhiqizo engenamthetho nezinhlanganisela. Eminye imithi ingase ihlangane nemithi yokwelapha izinambuzane, ngakho udokotela wakho udinga lolu lwazi.

Cabanga ngomlando wakho wobulili wamuva futhi ulungele ukuxoxa ngakho ngokukhululekile. Lolu lwazi lusiza udokotela wakho ukuthola isikhathi sokutheleleka nokuthi ukuhlolwa kwezinye izimo kungase kunconywe yini.

Lungiselela imibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza, njengokuthi ukwelashwa kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani, nini ongabuyela ekuziphatheni kobulili, noma yini okufanele uyenze uma izimpawu ziqhubeka. Ungajabuli ukubuza noma yini ekukhathazayo.

Cabanga ukuletha uhlu lwamalungu ekhaya noma abalingani bobulili abangase badinge ukwelashwa. Udokotela wakho angakunikeza isiqondiso sokuphatha lezi zingxoxo ngokucophelela.

Iyini into ebalulekile mayelana nezinambuzane zesifuba?

Izinambuzane zesifuba yimeko evamile, elulawuleka ethinta abantu abaningi abasebasha. Nakuba zingase zingekho kahle futhi zibe yihlazo, ziphendula kahle ekwelapheni okufanele futhi azibangeli izinkinga ezinkulu zempilo.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi ukuba nezinambuzane zesifuba akubonisi ukuhlanzeka kwakho komuntu siqu noma ubuntu bakho. Lezi zinambuzane zingathinta noma ubani futhi zimane zifune indawo efudumele yokuphila nokudla.

Ngokwelashwa okufanele, abantu abaningi bayakhululeka ngokuphelele ezinambuzaneni phakathi kwamasonto angu-1-2. Okubalulekile ukulandela imiyalo yokwelashwa ngokucophelela, ukwelapha abalingani bobulili ngesikhathi esifanayo, nokwenza izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukutheleleka kabusha.

Uma ucindezela ukuthi unezinambuzane zesifuba, ungalibeki ukufuna ukwelashwa. Ukungenela kwangoko kwenza inqubo ibe lula futhi kusiza ukuvimbela ukusakazeka kwesimo kwabanye.

Imibuzo evamile mayelana nezinambuzane zesifuba

Ungathola yini izinambuzane zesifuba ezindaweni zokuhlanza?

Akukwazi ukutheleleka ngezinambuzane zesifuba ezindaweni zokuhlanza. Lezi zinambuzane azikwazi ukuphila isikhathi eside ngaphandle komzimba womuntu futhi azikwazi ukuqhuma noma ukubhabha. Ukudluliswa cishe kuhlale kudinga ukuxhumana komuntu siqu, ngokuvamile ngesikhathi sokuhlangana kobulili.

Izinambuzane zesifuba ziphila isikhathi esingakanani ngaphandle komphathi?

Izinambuzane zesifuba zingaphila amahora angu-24-48 kuphela ngaphandle komphathi womuntu. Zidinga ukudla igazi njalo ukuze ziphile, yingakho ukudluliswa ngezingubo noma imibhede kungavamile ngaphandle uma lezi zinto zisetshenziswa ngokushesha ngemuva kokuthintana nomuntu othintekile.

Izinambuzane zesifuba zingasakazeka ezinweni lakho?

Izinambuzane zesifuba azivamile ukusakazeka ezinweni ngoba zilungele izinwele ezikhulu zomzimba. Noma kunjalo, ngezinye izikhathi zingasakazeka kwamanye ama-eza anezinwele ezifanayo, njengezitho, izinwele zesifuba, nezipikili, noma imihlumelo. Izinambuzane zezinwele nezinambuzane zesifuba yizinhlobo ezihlukile.

Kuphephile yini ukugeza izinwele zesifuba ukuze ususe izinambuzane?

Ukugeza kungasiza ekususeni izinambuzane nama-nits, kodwa akuyona indlela ephelele yokwelapha ngokwayo. Ezinye izinambuzane nama-nits angase ahlale eduze kobuso besikhumba, futhi ungase ube nokutheleleka okusebenzayo. Ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kusadingeka ngisho noma ukhetha ukugeza.

Ngemva kwesikhathi esingakanani sokwelashwa ungaba nokuthintana kobulili futhi?

Kufanele ulinde kuze kube yilapho wena nomlingani wakho (noma abalingani) niphothule inkambo ephelele yokwelashwa futhi niqiniswe umhlinzeki wezempilo. Lokhu ngokuvamile kusho ukulinda okungenani izinsuku ezingu-7-10 ngemuva kokusetshenziswa kokugcina kokwelashwa ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi zonke izinambuzane nama-nits asanda kuzalwa asuswe.