Ukuqunjelwa Kwe-Pulmonary Embolism? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

Ukuqunjelwa kwe-pulmonary embolism kwenzeka lapho i-blood clot ivala enye ye-arteries emaphaphwini akho. Lokhu kuvala kuvimba igazi elicebile nge-oksijini elisebenza kahle ngokusebenzisa ithishu lephaphu lakho, okungenza ukuphefumula kube nzima futhi kubeka umthwalo omkhulu enhliziyweni yakho.

Cabanga ngakho njengokungqubuzana kwethrafikhi endleleni ephakeme yephango lakho. Lapho i-clot inamathela kwenye yalezi zindlela ezibalulekile, iphazamisa ukugeleza okujwayelekile kwegazi elikhipha i-oksijini emzimbeni wakho. Nakuba lokhu kuzwakala kukhulu, izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ukuqunjelwa kwe-pulmonary embolism kunokwelashwa, ikakhulukazi uma kubanjwe ngokushesha.

Ziyini izimpawu zokuqunjelwa kwe-pulmonary embolism?

Isici esivame kakhulu sokuqunjelwa kwe-pulmonary embolism ukuphefumula okusheshayo okubonakala kuvela ngaphandle kokulindelekile. Ungase uzizwe sengathi awukwazi ukuthatha umoya, ngisho noma uhlala phansi noma wenza imisebenzi elula.

Nazi izimpawu okufanele uzilandele, ukhumbule ukuthi zingase zihluke kumuntu nomuntu:

• Ukuphefumula okusheshayo noma okunzima
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besifuba obuningi bube kubi lapho uphefumula ngokujulile noma ukhwehlela
• Izinga lenhliziyo eliphakeme noma ukuzizwa sengathi inhliziyo yakho iyagijima
• Ukukhwela, ngezinye izikhathi nge-sputum ehlanganiswe negazi
• Ukuzizwa ukhanya ekhanda, ukhuluphala, noma uthuthumela
• Ukushisa okukhulu ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile
• Ubuhlungu benyawo noma ukukhuluphala, ikakhulukazi kwenye inyawo

Abanye abantu bahlangabezana nalokho odokotela abakubiza ngokuthi “ukuqunjelwa kwe-pulmonary embolism okuthule,” lapho izimpawu zingenani kakhulu noma zingabonakali. Ezimweni ezingavamile, isici sokuqala kungaba ukuwa okungazelelwe noma izinkinga zokuphefumula ezinzima ezidinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo kwezimo eziphuthumayo.

Ubukhulu bezimpawu kuvame ukuxhomekeke ebukhulu be-clot nokuthi yingakanani ilungu lakho elikhuthazwa. Ama-clots amancane angase abangele izimpawu ezincane, kuyilapho amaningi angase adale ubunzima bokuphefumula obukhulu.

Yini ebangela ukuqunjelwa kwe-pulmonary embolism?

Iningi lokuqunjelwa kwe-pulmonary embolism luqala njenge-blood clots ezinhlanzi ezijulile zezinyawo zakho, isimo esibizwa ngokuthi yi-deep vein thrombosis noma i-DVT. Lezi clots zingase ziqhekeke zihambe nge-bloodstream yakho ziye emaphaphwini akho.

Izici eziningi zingase zikhulise amathuba akho okukhula kwalezi clots eziyingozi:

• Ukungabi namandla isikhathi eside okuvela ezindizeni ezinde, ekuphumuleni embhedeni, noma ekuhlinzweni
• Ukuhlinzwa okukhulu kwamuva, ikakhulukazi ezinyaweni, ezinqenqemeni, noma esiswini
• Imithi ethile njenge-birth control pills noma i-hormone replacement therapy
• Ukukhulelwa nesikhathi sokubeletha
• Umshuza nokwelashwa komdlavuza
• Izifo zokugandeleka kwegazi ezifuywe
• Isifo senhliziyo noma isifo sobuchopho
• Ukubhema
• Ukukhuluphala

Ezimweni ezingavamile, ezinye izinto ngaphandle kwe-blood clots zingase zibangele ukuqunjelwa kwe-pulmonary embolism. Lokhu kuhlanganisa amafutha avela emathanjeni asele, amabhabhu emoya, noma i-amniotic fluid ngesikhathi sokubeletha. Noma kunjalo, ama-blood clots ahlala eyimbangela evamile kakhulu.

Ngezinye izikhathi, odokotela abakwazi ukubona isiqalo esithile, okuthiwa yi-pulmonary embolism engatholwanga. Lokhu akusho ukuthi wenze into engafanele - kusho nje ukuthi umzimba wakho wakha i-clot ngaphandle kwesizathu sangaphandle esicacile.

Nini okufanele ubona udokotela ngokuqunjelwa kwe-pulmonary embolism?

Kufanele ufuna ukunakekelwa okusheshayo kwezimo eziphuthumayo uma uhlangabezana nokuphefumula okusheshayo, ubuhlungu besifuba, noma ukukhwela igazi. Lezi zimpawu zidinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo kwezokwelapha ngoba ukuqunjelwa kwe-pulmonary embolism kungaba yingozi uma kungelashwa ngokushesha.

Shaya u-911 noma uhambe egumbini lezokwelapha ngokushesha uma una:

• Ukuphefumula okunzima okukhulu okungazelelwe
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu besifuba obube kubi ngokuphefumula
• Ukukhwela igazi
• Izinga lenhliziyo eliphakeme ngokukhuluphala noma ukuthuthumela
• Ukuwa okungazelelwe

Ngisho noma izimpawu zakho zibonakala zingenani, ungalindi ukubona ukuthi ziyathuthuka ngokwazo. Izimpawu zokuqunjelwa kwe-pulmonary embolism zingase zibe zimbi ngokushesha, futhi ukwelashwa okusheshayo kuthuthukisa kakhulu umphumela wakho.

Uma unamazinga okutholakala njengokuhlinzwa kwamuva, isikhathi eside sokungabi namandla, noma umlando womndeni we-blood clots, qaphela izinguquko zokuphefumula noma ukukhuluphala kwenyawo. Lokhu kudinga ucingo oluphelele kunikeli wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo.

Ziyini izimbangela zengozi zokuqunjelwa kwe-pulmonary embolism?

Ukuqonda izimbangela zakho zengozi kungakusiza wena nodokotela wakho ukuba nithathe izinyathelo zokuvimbela. Ezinye izimbangela zengozi ongazilawula, kuyilapho ezinye zingxenye yomlando wakho wezokwelapha noma i-genetics.

Izimbangela zengozi ongazithonya zihlanganisa:

• Ukubhema - konakalisa imithambo yegazi futhi kukhulise ukugandeleka
• Ukuhlala isikhathi eside noma ukuphumula embhedeni
• Ukukhuluphala - kubeka umthwalo omkhulu emithanjeni yenyaweni
• Imithi ye-hormone njenge-birth control noma i-hormone replacement
• Ukungaqeqeshwa komzimba

Izimbangela zengozi ezihlobene nomlando wakho wezokwelapha noma i-genetics:

• Ama-blood clots adlule noma ukuqunjelwa kwe-pulmonary embolism
• Umlando womndeni wezifo zokugandeleka kwegazi
• Umshuza noma ukwelashwa komdlavuza
• Isifo senhliziyo noma ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo
• Ezinye izimo ze-autoimmune
• Iminyaka engaphezu kwengu-60

Izimbangela zengozi zesikhashana ezikhulise amathuba akho ngezikhathi ezithile zihlanganisa ukukhulelwa, ukuhlinzwa kwamuva, ukungena esibhedlela, noma uhambo olude. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ukwazi izimbangela zakho zengozi kukuvumela wena neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuba nithathe izinyathelo zokulondoloza uma kudingeka.

Ziyini izinhlanganisela ezingase zenzeke zokuqunjelwa kwe-pulmonary embolism?

Nakuba abantu abaningi baphila kahle ekuqunjelweni kwe-pulmonary embolism ngokwelashwa okufanele, ezinye izinhlanganisela zingase zenzeke. Ingozi enkulu kakhulu ngokushesha iwukuthi i-clot enkulu ingase ibeke umthwalo omkhulu enhliziyweni yakho.

Izinhlanganisela ezingase zenzeke zihlanganisa:

• I-Pulmonary hypertension - ukucindezela kwegazi eliphezulu emithanjeni yephango
• Ukuhluleka kwenhliziyo okuvela ekusebenzeni okukhulu okuzama ukupompa igazi ngemithambo evuliwe
• Ukuphefumula okunzima okungapheli
• Ama-blood clots aphindaphindayo
• Ukufa, ikakhulukazi ngama-clots amakhulu noma ukwelashwa okulile

Inhlanganisela engavamile kodwa eyingozi yi-chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, lapho ithishu le-scar evela ema-clots amadala liqhubeka livala ukugeleza kwegazi ngisho nangemva kokwelashwa. Lokhu kungase kubangele izinkinga zokuphefumula eziqhubekayo nomthwalo omkhulu enhliziyweni.

Ingozi yezinhlanganisela incintisana kakhulu lapho ukuqunjelwa kwe-pulmonary embolism kuxilongwe futhi kulashwe ngokushesha. Abantu abaningi abamukela ukwelashwa okusheshayo, okufanele baqhubeka bephila impilo evamile, enempilo ngaphandle kwemiphumela ende.

Ukuqunjelwa kwe-pulmonary embolism kuxilongwa kanjani?

Ukuqunjelwa kwe-pulmonary embolism kungase kube nzima ngoba izimpawu zayo zihlangana nezinye izimo ezinjengokuhlushwa kwenhliziyo noma i-pneumonia. Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokubuza ngezimpawu zakho nomlando wakho wezokwelapha.

Izivivinyo ezivamile zokuxilonga zihlanganisa:

• I-CT pulmonary angiogram - isithombe esicacile semithambo yegazi emaphaphwini akho
• I-D-dimer blood test - ukulinganisa izinto ezikhishwa lapho ama-blood clots eqhekeka
• I-Chest X-ray - ukukhipha ezinye izinkinga zephango
• I-Electrocardiogram (ECG) - hlola izinga lenhliziyo yakho
• I-Ultrasound yemilenze - funa ama-blood clots emithanjeni yemilenze

I-CT pulmonary angiogram ithathelwa ingqondo njengesivivinyo esibaluleke kakhulu ngoba ingabonisa ngokuqondile ama-clots emithanjeni yephango lakho. Udokotela wakho angase futhi ayalele izivivinyo zegazi ukuhlola ukuthi igazi lakho liqandeleka kangcono kanjani futhi ubone izifo zokugandeleka kwegazi.

Ezimweni ezithile, odokotela basebenzisa uhlelo lokulinganisa lokulinganisa oluhlanganisa izimpawu zakho, izimbangela zengozi, nemiphumela yokuvivinya ukuze baqonde ukuthi kungenzeka kangakanani ukuqunjelwa kwe-pulmonary embolism. Lokhu kusiza ukuqondisa ukuthi yiziphi izivivinyo okufanele ziyalelwe nokuthi kufanele ukwelashwe ngokushesha kangakanani.

Yikuphi ukwelashwa kokuqunjelwa kwe-pulmonary embolism?

Ukwelashwa kokuqunjelwa kwe-pulmonary embolism kugxile ekuvimbeleni i-clot ukuba ingakhulu, ukuvimba ama-clots amasha ukuba angenzi, nokusiza umzimba wakho ukuba uchithe i-clot ekhona. Iningi lokwelashwa luqala ngokushesha, ngisho nangaphambi kokuba wonke ama-test results abuyele.

Ukwelashwa okuyinhloko kuhlanganisa:

• Ama-Anticoagulants (ama-blood thinners) njenge-heparin, i-warfarin, noma imithi emisha
• Ama-Thrombolytics (imithi yokuchitha ama-clot) yezimo ezinzima
• I-Inferior vena cava filter - idivayisi encane yokubamba ama-clots ngaphambi kokuba afinyelele emaphaphwini
• I-Embolectomy - ukususa ngokuhlinzwa ama-clots amakhulu, ayingozi
• I-Oxygen therapy ukusiza ngokuphefumula

Ama-blood thinners ayiwukwelashwa okuvamile futhi avame ukusebenza kahle kakhulu. Ungase uqale ngokuqhafaza noma imithi ye-IV esibhedlela, bese ushintshela kumaphilisi ongawathatha ekhaya. Ubude bokuwelashwa buyahluka kusukela ezinyangeni ezintathu kuya kokuphila konke, kuye ngezimbangela zakho zengozi.

Ngokuqunjelwa kwe-pulmonary embolism okukhulu okusongela impilo yakho, odokotela bangase basebenzise imithi yokuchitha ama-clot noma benze izinqubo eziphuthumayo ukususa i-clot. Lokhu kwelashwa kunezingozi eziningi kodwa kungasindisa impilo ezimweni ezinzima.

Indlela yokuphatha ukuphulukiswa ekhaya ngesikhathi sokwelashwa kokuqunjelwa kwe-pulmonary embolism?

Ukuphulukiswa kokuqunjelwa kwe-pulmonary embolism kuthatha isikhathi, futhi kubalulekile ukuba nesineke nawe njengoba umzimba wakho uya uphulukiswa. Abantu abaningi baqala ukuzizwa bephilile ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokwelashwa, kodwa ukuphulukiswa okuphelele kungathatha amasonto kuya ezinyangeni.

Nansi indlela ongasiza ngayo ukuphulukiswa kwakho:

• Thatha imithi yakho ye-blood thinner ngokuqondile njengoba kuyalelwe
• Yandisa ngokuqhubekayo amazinga wakho wemisebenzi njengoba uzizwa uqine
• Gqoka izokisi zokucindezela uma kunconywe
• Hlala uthambile ngokuphuza amanzi amaningi
• Gwema imisebenzi engase ibe yimbangela yokopha ngesikhathi usebenzisa ama-blood thinners
• Qaphela izimpawu zokopha njengokuphefumula okungavamile noma ukopha okuqhubekayo okuvela eziswini

Kuyinto evamile ukuzizwa ukhathele noma ukuphefumula okunzima amasonto ambalwa ngemva kokuba ukwelashwa kuqalile. Amaphaphu akho adinga isikhathi sokuphulukiswa nokusetha izindlela ezintsha zokugeleza kwegazi ezindaweni ezivaliwe.

Qaphela izimpawu ezimbi njengokuphefumula okunzima, ubuhlungu besifuba, noma izimpawu zokopha. Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngokushesha uma uqaphela noma yiziphi izinguquko ezinkulu.

Ukuqunjelwa kwe-pulmonary embolism kungavimbeka kanjani?

Ukuvimbela kugxile ekuthuthukiseni ingozi yakho yokukhula kwama-blood clots ngokuqala. Izinguquko ezilula zokuphila zingenza umehluko omkhulu ekuthuthukiseni ingozi yakho.

Izindlela zokuvimbela zihlanganisa:

• Hlala usebenza futhi ugweme ukuhlala isikhathi eside noma ukuphumula embhedeni
• Suka ngezinyawo zakho njalo ngesikhathi sokuhamba okude
• Gcina isisindo esinempilo
• Hlala uthambile, ikakhulukazi ngesikhathi sokuhamba
• Ungabhemi
• Landela iseluleko sodokotela wakho mayelana nemithi ye-hormone
• Gqoka izokisi zokucindezela uma kunconywe

Uma usesingozini enkulu ngenxa yokuhlinzwa, ukungena esibhedlela, noma izimo zezokwelapha, udokotela wakho angase anikeze ama-blood thinners njengokuvimbela. Lokhu kuvame kakhulu ngemva kokusebenza okukhulu noma ngesikhathi sokuhlala esibhedlela isikhathi eside.

Ngesikhathi sezindiza ezinde noma ukuhamba ngemoto, zama ukuhamba njalo ngehora noma amabili. Uma ungakwazi ukuvuka, qinisa izikhonkwane zakho nemisipha yemilenze yakho njalo ukuze ugcine igazi ligeleza ezinyaweni zakho.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-appointment yakho nodokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-appointment yakho kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukuxilongwa okuchane kakhulu nokwelashwa okufanele. Bhala izimpawu zakho, lapho zaqala khona, nokuthi yini ezenzayo zibe ngcono noma zimbi.

Letha lolu lwazi e-appointment yakho:

• Uhlu oluphelele lwemithi yamanje nezinye izinto
• Imininingwane mayelana nokuhamba kwamuva, ukuhlinzwa, noma ukungabi namandla isikhathi eside
• Umlando womndeni we-blood clots noma izifo zokugandeleka kwegazi
• Noma yiziphi izigameko zangaphambili ze-blood clots
• Amakhadi yomshuwalense nokubona

Lungela ukuchaza izimpawu zakho ngokuningiliziwe, kufaka phakathi lapho zaqala khona, ukuthi zinzima kangakanani, nokuthi yini eziqalisa noma ezithuthukisa. Unganciphisi izimpawu zakho - kungcono ukunikeza ulwazi oluningi kunokuncane.

Uma kungenzeka, letha ilungu lomndeni noma umngani ongakusiza ukukhumbula ulwazi olubalulekile futhi anikeze ukwesekwa ngesikhathi esingase sibe yisikhathi esinzima.

Iyini into ebaluleke kakhulu mayelana nokuqunjelwa kwe-pulmonary embolism?

Ukuqunjelwa kwe-pulmonary embolism kuyisimo esinzima kodwa esingelashwa esidinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo kwezokwelapha. Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi ukuphefumula okusheshayo, ubuhlungu besifuba, noma ukukhwela igazi akufanele kuhlale kungaphazanyiswa.

Ngokuqonda okusheshayo nokwelashwa okufanele, abantu abaningi abane-pulmonary embolism baphila ngokuphelele futhi baqhubeka bephila impilo evamile. Isifuba ukubona izimpawu ngokushesha nokufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo.

Uma unamazinga okutholakala kwama-blood clots, sebenzisana nodokotela wakho ukwakha uhlelo lokuvimbela. Izinyathelo ezilula njengokuhlala usebenza, ukugcina isisindo esinempilo, nokulandela izincomo zezokwelapha zinganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho.

Khumbula ukuthi wena uyazazi kangcono umzimba wakho. Themba izinzwa zakho uma kukhona okungazweli kahle, futhi ungangabazi ukufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha uma ukhathazekile ngezimpawu zakho.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwa mayelana nokuqunjelwa kwe-pulmonary embolism

Ungaphila yini ngokuqunjelwa kwe-pulmonary embolism?

Yebo, abantu abaningi baphila ngokuqunjelwa kwe-pulmonary embolism uma kuxilongwe futhi kulashwe ngokushesha. Ngokwelashwa lamanje njenge-blood thinners ne-clot-busting medications, izinga lokuphila liphezulu kakhulu. Isifuba ukufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha lapho izimpawu ziqala khona.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuphulukiswa kokuqunjelwa kwe-pulmonary embolism?

Isikhathi sokuphulukiswa sihluka kumuntu nomuntu, kodwa abantu abaningi baqala ukuzizwa bephilile ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala ukwelashwa. Ukuphulukiswa okuphelele kuvame ukuthetha amasonto ambalwa kuya ezinyangeni ezimbalwa. Cishe uzodinga ukusebenzisa ama-blood thinners okungenani izinyanga ezintathu, futhi abanye abantu bayadinga isikhathi eside kuye ngezimbangela zabo zengozi.

Ukuqunjelwa kwe-pulmonary embolism kungase kuphinde kwenzeke?

Yebo, ukuqunjelwa kwe-pulmonary embolism kungase kuphinde kwenzeke, ikakhulukazi uma unamazinga okutholakala aqhubekayo noma izifo zokugandeleka kwegazi. Noma kunjalo, ukusebenzisa ama-blood thinners njengoba kunconywe nokulandela izincomo zokuvimbela zedokotela wakho kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho yesigameko esinye. Iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo lizokusiza ukuthola ukuthi udinga ukwelashwa isikhathi esingakanani ukuvimbela ukuphindaphinda.

Ubuhlungu besifuba obuvela ekuqunjelweni kwe-pulmonary embolism buzwakala kanjani?

Ubuhlungu besifuba obuvela ekuqunjelweni kwe-pulmonary embolism buvame ukuba bukhulu futhi buhlungu, ngokuvamile bube kubi lapho uphefumula ngokujulile, ukhwehlela, noma uhamba. Abanye abantu bayichaza njengobhlungu olukhulu, olukhulu oluzwakala luhlukile ebuhlungwini bemisipha noma e-heartburn. Ubuhlungu bungase bube ngakwesinye uhlangothi lwesifuba sakho noma busabalale kuyo yonke indawo yesifuba sakho.

Kuphephile yini ukuqeqesha emva kokuba une-pulmonary embolism?

Yebo, ukuqeqeshwa okulula kuvame ukukhuthazwa ngesikhathi sokuphulukiswa kokuqunjelwa kwe-pulmonary embolism, kodwa kufanele uqale kancane futhi ulandele isiqondiso sodokotela wakho. Ukuhamba kuvame ukuba yindlela engcono kakhulu yokuqala, ukwandisa kancane ibanga lakho nesivinini njengoba uzizwa uqine. Gwema imidlalo yokuxhumana noma imisebenzi enengozi enkulu yokopha ngesikhathi usebenzisa ama-blood thinners, futhi njalo hlola nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuqala noma yiluphi uhlelo olusha lokuqeqesha.