Ubukhulu be-Ramsay Hunt Syndrome? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, & Ukwelashwa

I-Ramsay Hunt syndrome yisimo esibuhlungu esenzeka lapho i-varicella-zoster virus (i-virus efanayo ebangela isifo se-chickenpox ne-shingles) ithinta inzwa yobuso eduze komlomo wakho. Lokhu kuqubuka kwe-virus kubangela kokubili isikhumba esiqondene eduze komlomo wakho nokuqina kobuso kwesikhashana ngakwesinye uhlangothi lwobuso lwakho.

Nakuba lesi simo singase sizizwe sinqabela lapho siqala ukuvela, ukuqonda ukuthi kwenzekani emzimbeni wakho kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukukhathazeka. Abantu abaningi bayaphila kahle ngokwelashwa okufanele, ikakhulukazi lapho ukunakekelwa kuqala ngokushesha.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Ramsay Hunt syndrome?

Izimpawu ezibalulekile ze-Ramsay Hunt syndrome zivame ukuvela ngokuzumayo futhi zithinte olunye uhlangothi lwobuso lwakho. Uzovame ukubona ubuthakathaka noma ukuqina kobuso kanye nesikhumba esibuhlungu, esigcwele amabhubhu.

Nazi izimpawu eziyinhloko ongazihlangabezana nazo:

• Ukuqina noma ubuthakathaka bobuso ngakwesinye uhlangothi, okwenza kube nzima ukuhleka, ukuvala iso, noma ukuhambisa imisipha yobuso
• Isikhumba esibomvu, esibuhlungu esigcwele amabhubhu agcwele amanzi eduze komlomo wakho, endleleni yomlomo wakho, noma esikhumbeni sakho somlomo
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu bomlomo obuvame ukuvela ngaphambi kokuba isikhumba siqale ukuvela
• Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa noma ukukhala endlebeni ethintekile (tinnitus)
• Ukudideka noma izinkinga zokulinganisela
• Ukulahlekelwa ukunambitha kwesishiyagalombili sesithathu solimi lwakho
• Ubomvu bomlomo nobunzima bokuveza izinyembezi esweni elithintekile

Abanye abantu nabo bahlangabezana nezinye izimpawu ezingenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke ibe nzima. Lezi zingase zihlanganise ubunzima bokudla noma ukuphuza ngenxa yobunqamula bobuso, noma ukusabela umsindo endlebeni ethintekile.

Kwezinye izikhathi ezingavamile, ungase ube nezimpawu eziningi ezifana nobuthakathaka kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho noma ukudideka, okuzodinga ukunakekelwa ngokuphazamisekile kwezokwelapha.

Yini ebangela i-Ramsay Hunt syndrome?

I-Ramsay Hunt syndrome ivela lapho i-varicella-zoster virus iphinde iphinde isebenze emzimbeni wakho futhi ithinte ngokukhethekile inzwa yobuso. Uma uke waba ne-chickenpox kunoma yisiphi isikhathi ekuphileni kwakho, le virus ihlala iphilile ezintweni zakho zezinzwa futhi ingase iphinde ivuke eminyakeni noma amashumi eminyaka kamuva.

I-virus ihamba endleleni yenzwa yobuso, ibangela ukuvuvukala nokuphazamiseka kwenzwa elawula ukuhamba kobuso, ukuzwa, nokubona. Lokhu kuchaza ukuthi kungani lesi simo sithinta imisebenzi eminingi ngesikhathi esisodwa.

I-immune system yakho ngokuvamile igcina le virus ilawulwa, kodwa izinto ezithile zingayivumela ukuba isebenze futhi. Ukuhlupheka, ukugula, ukukhathala, noma noma yini ehlisa i-immune system yakho kungase kubangele lokhu kuphinda kuqale.

Kubalulekile ukwazi ukuthi awukwazi ukubamba i-Ramsay Hunt syndrome ngokuqondile komunye umuntu. Noma kunjalo, uma unezibilini ezisebenzayo, ungase usabalalise i-varicella-zoster virus kubantu abangakaze babe ne-chickenpox noma isithombe se-chickenpox.

Kufanele ubone nini udokotela nge-Ramsay Hunt syndrome?

Kufanele ufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uthola ubuthakathaka bobuso ngokuzumayo kanye nobuhlungu bomlomo noma isikhumba eduze komlomo wakho. Ukwelashwa okusheshayo ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala kungathuthukisa kakhulu amathuba okuphulukisa ngokuphelele.

Ungalindi ukubona uma izimpawu ziphulukana zodwa. Inzwa yobuso ingase ilimale ngokuphelele uma lesi simo singalashwa, ngakho-ke ukuthola ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha kubalulekile ukuze uthole umphumela omuhle kakhulu.

Shaya ucingo ukuze uthole ukunakekelwa okuphazamisekile uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezinkulu njengobunzima bokuginya, ubunzima bokuthola umoya, ukudideka, noma ubuthakathaka obukhulu kunobuso lwakho. Lezi zingase zibonise ukuphazamiseka okudingayo ukwelashwa okusheshayo.

Ngisho noma izimpawu zakho zibonakala zingenamandla ekuqaleni, kufanele zibukelwe yisazi sezempilo esingakuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa nokuqala ukwelashwa okufanele ngokushesha.

Ziyini izinto ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini ye-Ramsay Hunt syndrome?

Izinto ezithile zingase zikwenze ube nethuba elikhulu lokuthola lesi simo, nakuba kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuthi abantu abaningi abanezinto ezingase zibangele lesi simo abalitholi i-Ramsay Hunt syndrome.

Izinto eziyinhloko ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini zihlanganisa:

• Ukuba ngaphezu kweminyaka engama-60, njengoba i-immune system yakho iyancipha ngokwemvelo njengoba ukhula
• Ukuba ne-immune system ebuthakathaka ngenxa yezimo ezifana ne-HIV, umdlavuza, noma izifo ze-autoimmune
• Ukusebenzisa imithi ehlisa i-immune system yakho, njenge-steroids noma i-chemotherapy
• Ukuhlangabezana namanqanaba aphezulu okucindezeleka ngokomzimba noma ngokwengqondo
• Ukuba nezifo ezinkulu ezikhathaza i-immune system yakho
• Umbhalo wangaphambili wokuphazamiseka kwe-shingles

Ngokuthakazelisayo, i-Ramsay Hunt syndrome ayivamile kubantwana nabantu abadala abasebancane, mhlawumbe ngoba i-immune systems yabo ivame ukuba namandla. Noma kunjalo, isengase ivela kunoma yimuphi ubudala kubantu abake baba ne-chickenpox.

Ukuba nalezi zinto ezingase zikwenze ube sengozini akusho ukuthi uzokuthola ngokuqinisekile lesi simo. Abantu abaningi abanezinto eziningi ezingase zibangele lesi simo abalitholi i-Ramsay Hunt syndrome, kanti abanye abangenazo izinto ezibonakalayo ezingase zibangele lesi simo bangase basithole.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zenzeke ngenxa ye-Ramsay Hunt syndrome?

Nakuba abantu abaningi bayaphila kahle nge-Ramsay Hunt syndrome, ezinye izinkinga zingase zenzeke, ikakhulukazi uma ukwelashwa kulibaziseka. Ukuqonda lezi zinto ezingase zenzeke kungakusiza ukubona ukuthi nini kufanele ufuna ukunakekelwa okwengeziwe.

Izinkinga ezivamile zihlanganisa:

• Ukuqina noma ukuqina kobuso okungapheli, okungase kuthonye ikhono lakho lokuhleka, ukuvala iso, noma ukubonisa imizwa
• Ukulahlekelwa ukuzwa okungapheli noma ukujiva endlebeni ethintekile
• Izinkinga zokulinganisela eziqhubekayo noma ukudideka okuhlupha imisebenzi yansuku zonke
• Ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo endaweni ethintekile obuqhubeka ngemva kokuba ezinye izimpawu ziphulukile
• Izinkinga zamehlo ngenxa yokungakwazi ukuvala iso ngokuphelele, okubangela ukombombo noma ukonakala kwe-cornea
• Ukushintsha kokunambitha okungase kuqhubeke isikhathi eside

Kwezinye izikhathi ezingavamile, izinkinga ezinkulu zingase zenzeke. Lezi zingase zihlanganise i-virus esabalala kwezinye izingxenye zesimiso sakho sezinzwa, ibangela ukuvuvukala kwengqondo (encephalitis) noma izinkinga zomgogodla.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ukwelashwa okusheshayo kunciphisa kakhulu ingozi yalezi zinkinga. Abantu abaningi abamukela ukwelashwa okusheshayo kwe-antiviral ne-anti-inflammatory bathola ukuthuthuka okukhulu ezimpawu zabo.

I-Ramsay Hunt syndrome ixilongwa kanjani?

Udokotela wakho ngokuvamile angaxilonga i-Ramsay Hunt syndrome ngokusekelwe ezimpawu zakho nokukuhlola ngokomzimba. Ukuhlanganiswa kokungasebenzi kobuso kanye nesikhumba esiqondene somlomo kwenza ukuxilongwa kube lula kakhulu ezimweni eziningi.

Phakathi nokubonisana kwakho, umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo uzohlola ngokucophelela ubuso bakho, izindlebe zakho, nomlomo wakho. Uzohlola amandla emisipha yobuso bakho, ahlole ukuzwa kwakho, futhi abuke amabhubhu aqondene eduze komlomo wakho.

Kwezinye izikhathi ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kungase kusize ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa noma ukukhipha ezinye izimo. Lezi zingase zihlanganise ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze kutholakale i-varicella-zoster virus, ukuhlolwa kokuzwa ukuze kuhlolwe ukulahlekelwa kokuzwa, noma izifundo zokubonisa uma kukhona ukukhathazeka ngezinkinga.

Ezimeni lapho isikhumba singakaze siqale ukuvela khona kodwa unebuthakathaka bobuso nobuhlungu bomlomo, udokotela wakho angase aqhubeke nokwelashwa ngokusekelwe ekukhathazekeni kwezokwelapha. Isikhutha singase sidale usuku noma amabili ngemva kokuba ezinye izimpawu ziqale.

Ukuphathwa kwe-Ramsay Hunt syndrome kuyini?

Ukuphathwa kwe-Ramsay Hunt syndrome kusebenza kangcono lapho kuqalwa phakathi kwamahora angu-72 ngemva kokuba izimpawu ziqale. Umgomo oyinhloko ukunciphisa umsebenzi we-virus, ulawule ukuvuvukala, futhi uvikele izinkinga.

Udokotela wakho ngokuvamile uzokunikeza imithi ye-antiviral efana ne-acyclovir, i-valacyclovir, noma i-famciclovir ukuze alwe ne-virus. Le mithi ingasiza ukufinyeza isikhathi sezinto ezimbi nokunciphisa ingozi yezinkinga zesikhathi eside lapho ithathwa ngokushesha.

Imithi ye-anti-inflammatory, ngokuvamile i-corticosteroids efana ne-prednisone, ivame ukunikezwa kanye ne-antivirals. Lezi zisiza ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala eduze kwenzwa yobuso, okungase kuthuthukise amathuba akho okuphulukisa umsebenzi ophelele wobuso.

Ukulawula ubuhlungu, umhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo angase akunikeze imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu noma akunikeze imithi enamandla uma kudingeka. Ubuhlungu benzwa bungase bube bukhulu kakhulu, ngakho-ke ungangabazi ukuxoxa ngezindlela zokulawula ubuhlungu nodokotela wakho.

Ukuphathwa okwengeziwe kugxile ekuvikeleni iso lakho elithintekile nokugcina amandla emisipha yobuso. Ungase udinga ama-eye drops noma ama-ointments ukuvimbela ukombombo, futhi ukuzivocavoca kobuso okuthambile kungasiza ukugcina ukuguquguquka kwemisipha ngesikhathi sokuphulukisa.

Ungayilawula kanjani i-Ramsay Hunt syndrome ekhaya?

Nakuba ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kubalulekile, kunezinto eziningi ongazenza ekhaya ukuze usekele ukuphulukisa kwakho futhi ulawule izimpawu ngokunethezeka.

Ukuvikela amehlo, sebenzisa ama-eye drops okuthambisa emini futhi ufake i-eye ointment ebusuku. Uma ungakwazi ukuvala iso lakho ngokuphelele, cabanga ngokugqoka i-eye patch noma ukunamathela iso lakho ngesikhathi sokulala ukuvimbela ukombombo nokulimala.

Ukulawula ubuhlungu ekhaya kungase kuhlanganise ukufaka izinto ezishisayo, ezimanzi endaweni ethintekile imizuzu engama-15-20 izikhathi eziningi ngosuku. Lokhu kungasiza ukunciphisa ubuhlungu obukhulu, obuhlungu obavame ukuhambisana nalesi simo.

Ukuzivocavoca kobuso okuthambile, njengoba kunconywe ngumhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo, kungasiza ukugcina amandla emisipha futhi kuthuthukise ukuphulukisa. Lezi zingase zihlanganise ukuzama ukuhleka, ukuphakamisa izithombe zakho, noma ukukhulisa amaphaphu akho.

Ukuphumula ngokwanele nokulawula ukucindezeleka kubalulekile ekusikleni i-immune system yakho ngesikhathi sokuphulukisa. Cabanga ngezindlela zokupumula, imisebenzi ethambile, nokugcina isimiso sokulala esiqondile.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani ukubonisana nodokotela wakho?

Ukulungiselela ukubonisana kwakho kwezokwelapha kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukunakekelwa okuphelele kakhulu futhi ungakhohlwa imininingwane ebalulekile ngezimpawu zakho.

Ngaphambi kokuvakashela kwakho, bhala phansi ukuthi izimpawu zakho ziqale nini nokuthi ziye zathuthuka kanjani. Qaphela noma yiziphi izinto ezingase uziqaphele, ezifana nokucindezeleka kwamuva, ukugula, noma ukushintsha empilweni yakho.

Letha uhlu oluphelele lwemithi yakho yamanje, kuhlanganise nemithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu nezinye izinto. Futhi, buza ngomlando wakho wezokwelapha, ikakhulukazi noma yimiphi imicimbi yangaphambili ye-chickenpox, i-shingles, noma izinkinga ze-immune system.

Lungiselela imibuzo mayelana nezinketho zakho zokwelashwa, isikhathi esilindelekile sokuphulukisa, nezinto okufanele uzigweme. Ungangabazi ukubuza ngezindlela zokulawula ubuhlungu noma ukuthi nini ungase ulinde ukubona ukuthuthuka.

Cabanga ngokuletha ilungu lomndeni noma umngani ongakusiza ukukhumbula imininingwane ebalulekile futhi anikeze ukwesekwa ngesikhathi esingase sibe yisikhathi esikhathazayo.

Iyini into ebalulekile mayelana ne-Ramsay Hunt syndrome?

I-Ramsay Hunt syndrome yisimo esingelashwa esingase sibe sesabekayo ekuqaleni, kodwa sivame ukuthuthuka kakhulu ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okufanele. Into ebaluleke kakhulu ekuphulukiseni kwakho ukwelashwa ngokushesha okukhulu ngemva kokuba izimpawu ziqale.

Khumbula ukuthi lesi simo sivela e-virus abantu abaningi abayithwala ngokuthulile emizimbeni yabo. Akuyona into oyenzile okungalungile, futhi akuyona iphutha lakho ukuthi iye yavela.

Ngokwelashwa okusheshayo kwe-antiviral ne-anti-inflammatory, abantu abaningi bayaphila umsebenzi ophelele noma ophelele wobuso. Ngisho noma ezinye izimpawu ziqhubeka, kunezindlela zokuzilawula nokugcina ikhwalithi enhle yokuphila.

Hlala uxhumene neqembu lakho lezokunakekelwa kwezempilo kulo lonke ukuphulukisa kwakho, futhi ungangabazi ukuxhumana uma unezinkinga noma imibuzo. Abanikezeli bakho bezokwelapha bakhona ukukusekela ngalesi sikhathi esinzima nokukusiza uthole umphumela omuhle kakhulu.

Imibuzo evamile mayelana ne-Ramsay Hunt syndrome

Ingabe i-Ramsay Hunt syndrome iyadluliseka?

Awukwazi ukudlulisela i-Ramsay Hunt syndrome kubanye ngokuqondile, kodwa uma unezibilini ezisebenzayo, ungase usabalalise i-varicella-zoster virus kubantu abangakaze babe ne-chickenpox noma isithombe. I-virus izobangela i-chickenpox kulaba bantu, hhayi i-Ramsay Hunt syndrome. Uma izibilini zakho seziqalile ukubola, awusabalisi lutho.

Isikhathi eside kangakanani sokuphulukisa i-Ramsay Hunt syndrome?

Isikhathi sokuphulukisa sihluka kakhulu phakathi kwabantu, kodwa ukuthuthuka okuningi kwenzeka ezinsukwini ezimbalwa kuya ezinyangeni. Abanye abantu bayaphila ngokuphelele phakathi kwezinyanga ezingu-2-3, kanti abanye bangase babe nemiphumela ehlala isikhathi eside izinyanga eziyisithupha kuya kuminyaka. Ukwelashwa okusheshayo kuthuthukisa kakhulu amathuba okuphulukisa okusheshayo, okuphelele.

Ingabe i-Ramsay Hunt syndrome ingabuya?

Ukuphinda kwenzeke kwe-Ramsay Hunt syndrome kuyinto engavamile. Uma usuke waba nayo, umzimba wakho ngokuvamile uthola ukhuseleko oluthile oluyenza kube nzima ukuba iphinde ivela. Noma kunjalo, ungase uthole i-shingles kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba wakho, njengoba i-virus efanayo ibangela kokubili lezi zimo.

Ingabe ngizoba nokuqina kobuso okungapheli?

Abantu abaningi abamukela ukwelashwa okusheshayo bayaphila umsebenzi ophelele wobuso, nakuba isikhathi sihluka. Cishe amaphesenti angu-70-80 abantu abaphathwa ngokushesha bayabuya emsebenzini ojwayelekile noma oseduze nomsebenzi ojwayelekile wobuso. Ngisho noma kukhona ubuthakathaka obuhlala bukhona, buvamise ukuba buthambile futhi abuthinti kakhulu impilo yansuku zonke noma ukubonakala.

Ingabe abantwana bangathola i-Ramsay Hunt syndrome?

Yebo, abantwana bangathola i-Ramsay Hunt syndrome, kodwa ayivamile kunabantu abadala. Abantwana abake baba ne-chickenpox bayithwala i-virus ethulile futhi bangase bathuthukise lesi simo, nakuba i-immune systems yabo enamandla ivame ukugcina i-virus ilawulwa. Lapho kwenzeka kubantwana, bavame ukuphulukisa ngokuphelele kunabantu abadala.