Ukuqina Kwamathambo Okuphendula: Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

Kuyini Ukuqina Kwamathambo Okuphendula?

Ukuqina kwamathhambo okuphendula kuwukuvuvukala kwamajozi okuvela ngemva kokuba umzimba wakho ulwe ne-infection kwenye indawo yomzimba wakho. I-immune system yakho, ngenkathi yenza umsebenzi wayo wokususa i-infection, iyahlasela ngephutha i-tissue yamajozi asempilweni kule nqubo.

Leli simo ngokuvamile lithinta amadolo, izikhokhonco, nezinyawo, nakuba lingathinta amanye amajozi futhi. I-infection ebangela ukuqina kwamathhambo okuphendula ngokuvamile isivele isiphelile ngesikhathi izimpawu zamajozi zivele, kungakho kubizwa ngokuthi "ukuphendula" kunokuba yi-arthritis e-infectious.

Abantu abaningi abane-arthritis ephendula bayaphila ngokuphelele phakathi nezinyanga ezimbalwa kuya kuminyaka. Noma kunjalo, abanye bangase babe nezimo eziphindaphindayo noma bathuthukise izimpawu ezingapheli ezidinga ukuphathwa okuqhubekayo.

Ziyini Izimpawu Zokuqina Kwamathambo Okuphendula?

Izimpawu zokuqina kwamathhambo okuphendula ngokuvamile zivele phakathi nesonto elilodwa kuya kwemine ngemva kwe-infection yokuqala. Izimpawu eziyinhloko zihlanganisa ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala kwamajozi, kodwa leli simo lingathinta amanye amalunga omzimba wakho futhi.

Izimpawu zamajozi ezivame kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• Ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala emadolo, ezikhokhonconeni, nasezinyaweni
• Ukuqina okubi kakhulu ekuseni noma ngemva kokulala
• Ubuhlungu oluphansi emhlane, ikakhulukazi emajointi e-sacroiliac
• Ubuhlungu besithende noma ukuvuvukala kwe-Achilles tendon
• Iminwe noma iinzwane eziqine ezibukeka njenge-sausages

Ngaphezu kwezimpawu zamajozi, ungase ube nokuvuvukala kwamehlo okubizwa ngokuthi i-conjunctivitis, okuholela ekubomvu nasekuvuvukaleni. Abanye abantu bathuthukisa isihlungu sesikhumba, izilonda zomlomo, noma izilonda ze-genital futhi.

Kwezinye izimo ezingavamile, ukuqina kwamathhambo okuphendula kungathinta inhliziyo yakho, amaphaphu, noma uhlelo lwezinzwa. Lezi zinkinga azivamile kodwa zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma izimpawu ezinjengobunhlungu esifubeni, ukuphefumula okunzima, noma ukushintsha kwezinzwa kwenzeka.

Ziyini Izinhlobo Zokuqina Kwamathambo Okuphendula?

Odokotela ngokuvamile bahlukanisa ukuqina kwamathhambo okuphendula ngokusekelwe kulokho okubangele i-infection yokuqala. Izinhlobo ezimbili eziyinhloko zihlanganisa ukuthi i-infection yokuqala yenzeke kuphi emzimbeni wakho.

Ukuqina kwamathhambo okuphendula okutholwe ngocansi kuvela ngemva kwe-infections yomzila we-urogenital, ngokuvamile kusuka ku-chlamydia noma i-gonorrhea. Lolu hlobo ngokuvamile luthinta abantu abadala abasebancane futhi lungase luhlanganise izimpawu ezinjenge-urethritis noma i-cervicitis kanye nokuvuvukala kwamajozi.

Ukuqina kwamathhambo okuphendula okuvela e-enteropathic kulandela i-infections ye-gastrointestinal kusuka kubhaktheriya ezinjenge-Salmonella, i-Shigella, i-Campylobacter, noma i-Yersinia. Lolu hlobo ngokuvamile luvela ngemva kokudla okungcolile noma izimo ze-gastroenteritis.

Abanye ochwepheshe bezokwelapha nabo bayabona i-triad ekhethekile ebizwa nge-Reiter's syndrome, ehlanganisa i-arthritis, ukuvuvukala kwamehlo, ne-urethritis eyenzeka ndawonye. Noma kunjalo, abaningi odokotela manje basebenzisa nje igama elithi ukuqina kwamathhambo okuphendula njengoba akuwona wonke umuntu ophila ngazo zonke izimpawu ezintathu.

Yini Ebangela Ukuqina Kwamathambo Okuphendula?

Ukuqina kwamathhambo okuphendula kwenzeka uma i-immune system yakho iphendula kakhulu kwi-infection. Ngemva kokulwa ngempumelelo nabhaktheriya, i-immune system yakho iyaqhubeka ihlasela i-tissue empilweni, ikakhulukazi emajozi akho.

Izimbangela zebhaktheriya ezivamile kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• Chlamydia trachomatis (etholwe ngocansi)
• Uhlobo lwe-Salmonella (ukudla okungcolile)
• Shigella (i-dysentery)
• Campylobacter (ukudla okungcolile)
• Yersinia (ukudla okungcolile)

I-genetics idlala indima ebalulekile ekutheni ubani athuthukise ukuqina kwamathhambo okuphendula. Abantu abane-gene ebizwa nge-HLA-B27 banamathuba amaningi kakhulu okuthuthukisa leli simo ngemva kwezinye i-infections, nakuba ukuba nale gene akuqinisekisi ukuthi uzothola ukuqina kwamathhambo okuphendula.

Kwezinye izimo ezingavamile, ezinye i-infections ezinjengalezo eziholela yi-Clostridium difficile noma ezinye i-infections ze-viral zingase ziqalise ukuqina kwamathhambo okuphendula. Indlela eqondile ayiqondakali ngokuphelele, kodwa kubonakala sengathi ihlanganisa i-mimicry ye-molecular lapho i-immune system yakho idida i-tissue yakho ngamaprotheni ebhaktheriya.

Nini Okufanele Ubheke Udokotela Nge-Arthritis Ephendula?

Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho uma uthuthukisa ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala kwamajozi phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa ngemva kokuba ne-infection. Ukuxilongwa kwasekuqaleni nokuphathwa kungasiza ukuvimbela izinkinga nokunciphisa isikhathi sakho sokuphulukisa.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu ezinkulu ezinjengomkhuhlane ophezulu, ubuhlungu obukhulu bamajozi obuvimba ukuhamba, noma izimpawu zezinkinga ezinkulu. Ubuhlungu bamehlo ngokushintsha kokubona, ubuhlungu esifubeni, noma ukuphefumula okunzima konke kudinga ukunakekelwa okusheshayo.

Ungalindi ukubona udokotela wakho uma ubona amajozi amaningi eba avuvukala futhi ebuhlungu, ikakhulukazi uma usanda kuba nokudla okungcolile noma i-infection etholwe ngocansi. Ngisho noma i-infection yakho yokuqala ibonakala incinyane, ukuqina kwamathhambo okuphendula kungathuthukisa isimo esinzima ngaphandle kokwelashwa okufanele.

Ziyini Izici Zengozi Zokuqina Kwamathambo Okuphendula?

Izici eziningi zingandisa amathuba akho okuthuthukisa ukuqina kwamathhambo okuphendula ngemva kwe-infection. Ukuqonda lezi zici zengozi kungakusiza uqonde ukuthi nini kufanele ufune ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Izici zengozi ezibaluleke kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• Ukuba ne-gene ye-HLA-B27 (etholakala cishe ku-8% yabantu)
• Ukuba phakathi kweminyaka engama-20-40
• Ubulili besilisa, ikakhulukazi ngezinhlobo ezitholwe ngocansi
• I-infection yebhaktheriya yakamuva yamathumbu noma umzila we-urogenital
• Umlando womndeni wokuqina kwamathhambo okuphendula noma izimo ezihlobene

Ezinye izici zokuphila zingase zikhulise ingozi yakho. Ukuba nabalingani abaningi bocansi noma ukuhlanganyela ebuhlangeni obungavikelekile kukhuphula amathuba akho okuthola i-infections eziqalisa njenge-chlamydia.

Ngokungavamile, abantu abane-immune systems ebuthakathaka noma labo abasebenzisa imithi ye-immunosuppressive bangase babe sengozini enkulu. Noma kunjalo, ukuqina kwamathhambo okuphendula kungathinta noma ubani ohlangana nebhaktheriya eyiqalayo, kungakhathaliseki isimo sabo sempilo jikelele.

Ziyini Izinkinga Ezingase Zenzeke Ngokuqina Kwamathambo Okuphendula?

Abantu abaningi abane-arthritis ephendula bayaphila ngokuphelele ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezihlala njalo. Noma kunjalo, ukuqonda izinkinga ezingase zenzeke kungakusiza uqonde ukuthi nini kufanele ufune ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okwengeziwe.

Izinkinga ezivamile kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• I-arthritis engapheli ehlala izinyanga noma iminyaka
• Izimo eziphindaphindayo zokuvuvukala kwamajozi
• Ukonakala kwamajozi okungapheli uma kushiywa kungaphathwa
• Ukuvuvukala kwamehlo okungapheli okungase kuthinte ukubona
• Ubuhlungu emhlane obuhlala njalo nokuqina

Izinkinga ezinkulu azivamile kodwa zingase zihlanganise izinkinga zenhliziyo ezinjengokuvuvukala kwe-aortic valve noma ukungalingani komjikelezo. Abanye abantu bangase bathuthukise ukuvuvukala kwamaphaphu noma izinkinga zezinzwa, nakuba lokhu kwenzeka kubantu abangaphansi kuka-5%.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ngokwelashwa okufanele, izinkinga eziningi zingavikeleka noma ziphathwe kahle. Ukulandelela njalo nodokotela wakho kusiza ukubamba noma yiziphi izinkinga ezithuthukayo ekuqaleni lapho zitholakala khona kalula.

Ukuqina Kwamathambo Okuphendula Kungavikeleka Kanjani?

Ukuvimbela ukuqina kwamathhambo okuphendula kugxile ekuqedeni i-infections eziqalisa. Nakuba ungakwazi ukususa ngokuphelele ingozi yakho, amasu amaningana anganciphisa kakhulu amathuba akho okuthuthukisa leli simo.

Yenza ubulili obulondekile ngokusebenzisa ama-condoms nokwenza ukuhlolwa kwe-STI njalo. Uma uhlanganyela ebuhlangeni nabalingani abaningi bocansi, xoxani ngezikhathi zokuhlola nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole futhi welaphe i-infections ngaphambi kokuba zikwazi ukuqalisa ukuqina kwamathhambo okuphendula.

Ukuphepha kokudla kubalulekile ngokulinganayo ekuvimbeleni i-infections ye-gastrointestinal. Pheka inyama kahle, geza izithelo nemifino, gwema ukungcoliswa okungcolile ekhishini lakho, futhi qaphela ukudla okuvela emithonjeni engathandeki uma uhamba.

Uma uthuthukisa i-infection yebhaktheriya, qeda lonke ikhosi yakho yama-antibiotics njengoba kuyalelwe. Lokhu kuqinisekisa ukuthi i-infection isusiwe ngokuphelele futhi kunganciphisa ingozi ye-immune system yakho yokuthuthukisa impendulo ende eholela ekuqineni kwamathhambo okuphendula.

Ukuqina Kwamathambo Okuphendula Kuhlolwa Kanjani?

Ukuxilongwa kokuqina kwamathhambo okuphendula kuhlanganisa ukuhlanganisa umlando wakho we-infection yakamuva ngezimpawu zakho zimanje. Udokotela wakho uzobuza imibuzo eningiliziwe mayelana nanoma yiziphi i-infections oye wazithola ezinyangeni ezimbalwa ezedlule, kuhlanganise nezifo zamathumbu noma i-infections etholwe ngocansi.

Udokotela wakho uzoqhuba ukuhlolwa komzimba, ahlole ukuvuvukala kwamajozi, ubuhlungu, nokuhamba kwabo. Bazohlola amehlo akho, isikhumba, nendawo ye-genital ukuze bathole izimpawu zokuvuvukala ezivame ukuba ne-arthritis ephendula.

Izivivinyo zegazi zingasiza ukusekela ukuxilongwa ngokuhlala izimpawu zokuvuvukala ne-gene ye-HLA-B27. Noma kunjalo, akukho ukuhlolwa olulodwa oluqinisekisa ukuqina kwamathhambo okuphendula, ngakho udokotela wakho uyaqaphela ukuxuba kwezimpawu, isikhathi, nemiphumela yokuhlola.

Kwezinye izimo, udokotela wakho angase ahlole i-fluid evela emajozi avuvukalayo noma ayalele izifundo zokwenza izithombe ezinjenge-X-rays noma i-MRI scans. Lezi zivivinyo zisiza ukukhipha ezinye izinhlobo ze-arthritis nokulinganisa ubukhulu bokuvuvukala kwamajozi.

Kuyini Ukwelashwa Kokuqina Kwamathambo Okuphendula?

Ukuphathwa kokuqina kwamathhambo okuphendula kugxile ekuthuthukiseni ukuvuvukala nokuphatha izimpawu ngenkathi i-immune system yakho izola. Abantu abaningi baqala ukuzizwa bephilile phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa kuya ezinyangeni ngokwelashwa okufanele.

Udokotela wakho cishe uzoqala ngemithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala ezinjenge-ibuprofen noma i-naproxen ukuze unciphise ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala kwamajozi. Le mithi isebenza kahle kubantu abaningi futhi inezingozi ezincane kunezinketho ezinamandla.

Uma imithi engaphezu kokuthengiswa ayanele, udokotela wakho angase alayishe imithi enamandla yokulwa nokuvuvukala noma imithi yokuguqula isifo. I-Sulfasalazine ivame ukusetshenziswa ngokuqina kwamathhambo okuphendula futhi ingasiza ukuvimbela ukonakala kwamajozi ezimweni ezingapheli.

Kwezinye izimo ezinkulu noma ezihlala njalo, udokotela wakho angase ahlomulele ukugxilwa kwe-corticosteroids ngqo emajozi athintekayo. Kwezinye izimo lapho isimo sihlala njalo futhi singaphenduli kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha, imithi ye-biological ehlose izingxenye ezithile ze-immune system ingase icatshangelwe.

Uma usenayo i-infection esebenzayo, ukuyilapha ngama-antibiotics afanele kubalulekile, nakuba ama-antibiotics angayilophi ukuqina kwamathhambo okuphendula. I-Physical therapy ingasiza futhi ekugcineni ukuguquguquka kwamajozi namandla ngesikhathi sokuphulukisa.

Indlela Yokwelapha Ekhaya Ngesikhathi Sokuqina Kwamathambo Okuphendula?

Ukuphatha ukuqina kwamathhambo okuphendula ekhaya kuhlanganisa ukulinganisa ukuphumula nomsebenzi olula ukuze ugcine amajozi akho ehamba. Ungathatha izinyathelo eziningi zokusekela ukuphulukisa kwakho nokunciphisa ubuhlungu ngenkathi umzimba wakho uphulukisa.

Faka ama-ice packs emajozi avuvukalayo imizuzu engama-15-20 izikhathi eziningi ngosuku ukuze unciphise ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu. Ukushisa kungasiza futhi ngokuqina, ngakho zama ukugcoba amanzi afudumele noma ama-heating pads uma amajozi akho ezwa eqine kunokuba avuvukale.

Ukuzivocavoca okulula njengokuhamba, ukubhukuda, noma ukuqina kungasiza ekugcineni ukuguquguquka kwamajozi ngaphandle kokubeka ukucindezela okukhulu ezindaweni eziqine. Lalela umzimba wakho futhi uphumule uma udinga, kodwa zama ukugwema ukungabi namandla okuphelele okungenza ukuqina kube kubi kakhulu.

Thatha imithi yakho yokulwa nokuvuvukala ngokudla ukuze unciphise ukucasuka esiswini, futhi unamathele esimweni udokotela wakho akusho. Ukulala okuhle nokuphathwa kwengcindezi futhi kusekela inqubo yokuphulukisa ye-immune system yakho.

Kufanele Uzilungiselele Kanjani Ukuya Kulodokotela?

Ukuba ulungile ekuyokwenzani kusiza udokotela wakho ukwenza ukuxilongwa okuchane kanye nokuthuthukisa uhlelo lokwelapha oluhle kakhulu. Ukuqoqa ulwazi kusengaphambili kungasindisa isikhathi futhi kuqinisekise ukuthi awukhohlwa imininingwane ebalulekile.

Bhala zonke izimpawu zakho, kuhlanganise nokuthi zaqala nini nokuthi zishintshe kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Yiba uchwepheshe mayelana namajozi aphi aphi, lapho ubuhlungu bubi khona, nokuthi yini eyenza kube ngcono noma kubi kakhulu.

Yenza uhlu lwe-infections oye wazithola ezinyangeni eziyi-6 ezedlule, kuhlanganise nezifo zamathumbu, i-infections etholwe ngocansi, noma ngisho nezifo ezincane. Faka ama-antibiotics oye wawathatha nokuthi uwaqedele yini ikhosi ephelele.

Letha uhlu lwemithi yonke kanye nezinhlanganisela ozithatha njengamanje, kuhlanganise nezinciphise ubuhlungu ezingaphezu kokuthengiswa. Futhi, lungiselela imibuzo mayelana nesimo sakho, izinketho zokwelapha, nokuthi yini okufanele uyilinde ngesikhathi sokuphulukisa.

Iyini Iphuzu Eliyinhloko Ngokuqina Kwamathambo Okuphendula?

Ukuqina kwamathhambo okuphendula kuyindlela yomzimba wakho ye-immune response eya ngaphezulu ngemva kokulwa ne-infection. Nakuba kungase kube buhlungu futhi kukhathaze, abantu abaningi bayaphila ngokuphelele ngokwelashwa okufanele nesikhathi.

Isifuba sokuphatha ukuqina kwamathhambo okuphendula ngempumelelo ukubona kwasekuqaleni nokuphathwa okufanele. Uma uthuthukisa ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala kwamajozi phakathi nezinsuku ezimbalwa ngemva kwe-infection, ungangabazi ukuxhumana nodokotela wakho ukuze ahlole.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuqina kwamathhambo okuphendula kuphatheka, futhi ngendlela efanele, ungalindela ukubuyela emisebenzini yakho evamile. Hlala uzimisele kuhlelo lokwelapha lakho, yenza ukuvimbela okuhle kwe-infection, futhi ugcine ukuxhumana okuvulekile neqembu lakho lezempilo kulo lonke ukuphulukisa kwakho.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa Ngokuqina Kwamathambo Okuphendula

Q.1 Ingabe ukuqina kwamathhambo okuphendula kuyadluliseka?

Cha, ukuqina kwamathhambo okuphendula ngokwalo akuyona into edluliseka. Noma kunjalo, i-infection yokuqala eyayiqalile ingase idluliseke, njenge-infections etholwe ngocansi noma izifo ezitholwe ngokudla. I-arthritis iyindlela yomzimba wakho ye-immune response futhi ayikwazi ukudluliselwa kwabanye ngokuthinta.

Q.2 Ukuqina kwamathhambo okuphendula kuhlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Izimo eziningi zokuqina kwamathhambo okuphendula ziyaphela phakathi kwezinyanga eziyi-3-12 ngokwelashwa okufanele. Noma kunjalo, cishe i-15-20% yabantu bangase babe nezimpawu ezingapheli noma izimo eziphindaphindayo. Ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni nokulandela izimiso zokwelapha zikadokotela wakho kungasiza ekuthuthukiseni isikhathi sezimo.

Q.3 Ingabe ukuqina kwamathhambo okuphendula kungabuya?

Yebo, ukuqina kwamathhambo okuphendula kungabuya, ikakhulukazi uma uthuthukisa enye i-infection eyiqalayo. Abantu abane-gene ye-HLA-B27 banamathuba amaningi okuhlangabezana nezimo eziphindaphindayo. Noma kunjalo, izimo ezilandelayo zivame ukuba zithambile futhi zimfushane kunesikhathi sokuqala.

Q.4 Ingabe ngizodinga ukusebenzisa ama-antibiotics ngokuqina kwamathhambo okuphendula?

Ama-antibiotics adingeka kuphela uma usenayo i-infection esebenzayo. Njengoba ukuqina kwamathhambo okuphendula kwenzeka ngemva kokuba umzimba wakho usuvele ususe i-infection, ama-antibiotics ngokuvamile awasizi i-arthritis ngokwayo. Noma kunjalo, uma ukuhlolwa kukhombisa ukuthi usenayo i-chlamydia noma enye i-infection yebhaktheriya, udokotela wakho uzolayisha ama-antibiotics afanele.

Q.5 Ingabe ukuzivocavoca kungenza ukuqina kwamathhambo okuphendula kube kubi kakhulu?

Ukuzivocavoca okulula ngokuvamile kusiza ukuqina kwamathhambo okuphendula ngokugcina ukuguquguquka kwamajozi nokuvimbela ukuqina. Noma kunjalo, imisebenzi enkulu noma ukuzivocavoca okunzima kungase kube kubi kakhulu ukuvuvukala ngesikhathi sezimo. Ukubhukuda, ukuhamba, nokuqina okulula ngokuvamile kuphephile futhi kuzuzisa. Xhumana njalo nodokotela wakho mayelana namanani okuzivocavoca afanele isimo sakho esithile.