Uluki Lomhlane Yini? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelapha

Uluki lomhlane yisilonda esivulekile esivela ekuqaleni komhlane wakho, ingxenye yokugcina yomthambo omkhulu ngaphambi kwesikhumba. Cabanga ngakho njengesilonda esenziwe esiqwini esinobunono ngaphakathi komhlane wakho, kufana nendlela oluki lolwemi oluvela ngayo olimini noma ehlombe lakho.

Nakuba igama lingase lizwakale liyesabekayo, izilonda zomhlane ziyizimo ezilapheka ezihlasela abantu bazo zonke izinsuku. Zingaba zizincinci, izilonda ezinzulu kuya ezilondeni ezinzulu, kuye ngalokho okubenza nokuba isikhathi esingakanani sezibe khona.

Ziyini izimpawu zoluki lomhlane?

Isilwane esivamile ozosibona yigazi lomhlane, elingase libonakale njengegazi elibomvu elikhanyayo ephepheni lesikhungo noma ehlanganiswe nempuku yakho.

Ngizokukhamba ngezimpawu okufanele uzibone, ngikhumbula ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu ophila zonke lezi zimpawu:

• Ukuphuma kwegazi lomhlane (igazi elibomvu elikhanyayo)
• Ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokuphuma kwesisu
• Ukuzwa kokungapheli kokukhishwa kwesisu
• Ukuphuma komthondo ehlane
• Isifiso esiqhubekayo sokuphuma kwesisu
• Ukuqina kwesisu noma ukungakhululeki
• Ukushintsha kwemikhuba yesisu

Abanye abantu nabo baye baba nokuthi odokotela bakubiza ngokuthi i-tenesmus, okuwukuthi ukuzwa okudumazeka kokuthi udinga ukuphuma kwesisu ngisho noma isisu sakho silikhulu. Lesi simpawu singaba yinkinga kakhulu futhi singakwenza uzwe sengathi awukwazi ukuqeda ngokuphelele izisu zakho.

Ezimeni ezingavamile, ungase ubone izimpawu ezinkulu njengokuphuma kwegazi okukhulu, umkhuhlane, noma ukulahlekelwa isisindo esikhulu. Lezi zimpawu zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha njengoba zingase zibonise ukuphazamiseka noma ezinye izimo eziyingozi.

Ziyini izinhlobo zoluki lomhlane?

Izilonda zomhlane zivame ukwahlukaniswa ngokusekelwe kulokho okubenza nakuphi lapho zithuthukela khona. Uhlobo oluvamile kakhulu lubizwa ngokuthi iluki lomhlane olulodwa, oluvamise ukuvela njengesilonda esisodwa odongeni lokuqala lomhlane wakho.

Nazi izinhlobo eziyinhloko okufanele uzibone:

• Uluki lomhlane olulodwa: Uluki olulodwa, oluvame ukubangelwa ukucindezela ngesikhathi sokuphuma kwesisu
• Izilonda zomhlane eziningi: Izilonda eziningi ezingase zibonise isifo somthambo esivuthayo
• Izilonda ze-Stercoral: Zibangelwa yisisu esiqinile esicindezela odongeni lomhlane
• Izilonda ze-Ischemic: Zivela ekunciphiseni kwegazi eziqwini zomhlane
• Izilonda ezibuhlungu: Zibangelwa ukulimala endaweni yomhlane

Uhlobo ngalunye lunezimbangela ezihlukile kancane futhi lungadinga izindlela zokwelapha ezihlukile. Udokotela wakho angakwazi ukuqonda ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo olukhona ngokuhlola nokulingwa.

Yini ebangela iluki lomhlane?

Izilonda zomhlane zithuthuka lapho ukuqala komhlane wakho kulimala noma kuqiniswe isikhathi eside. Imbangela evamile kakhulu ukucindezela okuqhubekayo ngesikhathi sokuphuma kwesisu, okubekela ucingo olukhulu odongeni lomhlane futhi kungabangela ukuwohloka kwezicubu.

Ukuqonda izimbangela ezihlukahlukene kungakusiza wena nodokotela wakho ukuthi nifune indlela yokwelapha engcono kakhulu:

• Isifo sesisu esiqhubekayo nokucindezela
• Izifo zomthambo eziqinisayo (isifo se-Crohn, isifo se-ulcerative colitis)
• Ukuqina komhlane (lapho izingxenye zomhlane ziphuma khona endaweni)
• Isisu esiqinile esihlala esiswini isikhathi eside
• Ukuhlangana kwesikhumba noma ezinye izilonda zomhlane
• Imithi ethile ethonya ukugeleza kwegazi
• Ukusebenza okungalungile kwe-pelvic floor

Ezimeni ezingavamile, izilonda zomhlane zingabangelwa ukutheleleka, izimo zokuziphatha, noma ngisho nezinye izidakamizwa ezinciphisa ukugeleza kwegazi kule ndawo. Ukwelashwa ngomgogodla wezifo ze-pelvic kungase kube yimbangela yezilonda zomhlane ezinyangeni noma eminyakeni eminingi ngemuva kokwelashwa.

Ngezinye izikhathi, odokotela abakwazi ukuqonda imbangela ethile, okuyinto ecasulayo kodwa akusho ukuthi isimo singalashwa ngokuphumelelayo.

Nini okufanele ubona udokotela ngoluki lomhlane?

Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho uma ubona ukuphuma kwegazi lomhlane, ngisho noma kubonakala kuncane. Nakuba ukuphuma kwegazi lomhlane kungaba nezizathu eziningi, kubalulekile ukuhlolwa kahle ukuze uqonde ukuthi kwenzekani.

Nansi lapho kufanele uthinte khona udokotela wakho:

• Inani elithile lokuphuma kwegazi lomhlane
• Ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo ngesikhathi sokuphuma kwesisu
• Ukushintsha kwemikhuba yakho yesisu okuphela izinsuku ezimbalwa
• Ukuphuma komthondo ehlane
• Ukuzwa sengathi awukwazi ukuqeda ngokuphelele izisu zakho

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nokuphuma kwegazi okukhulu, ubuhlungu obukhulu, umkhuhlane, noma izimpawu zokutheleleka. Lezi zimpawu zingase zibonise ukuphazamiseka okudingayo ukwelashwa okusheshayo.

Khumbula, ukuhlolwa nokwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kuvame ukubangela imiphumela emihle, ngakho unganqikazi ukuxoxa ngezimpawu zakho nochwepheshe wezokwelapha.

Ziyini izimbangela zengozi zoluki lomhlane?

Izici ezithile zingandisa amathuba akho okukhula iluki lomhlane. Imbangela enkulu yengozi ukubambezeleka kwesisu, ikakhulu uma uhlale ucindezela ngesikhathi sokuphuma kwesisu.

Ngizokubala izimbangela eziyinhloko zengozi ukuze uqonde ukuthi yini engase ikufaka engozini enkulu:

• Ukubambezeleka kwesisu noma izisu eziqinile
• Ukucindezela okuvamile ngesikhathi sokuphuma kwesisu
• Isifo somthambo esivuthayo
• Izinkinga zemisipha ye-pelvic floor
• Ukuhlinzwa komhlane noma ukulimala kwangaphambili
• Imithi ethile (ikakhulu imithi ebuhlungu ebangela ukubambezeleka kwesisu)
• Isitayela sokuphila esingasasebenzi
• Ukudla okunefayibha encane

Ubudala bungase futhi bube nomthelela, njengoba abadala bavame ukubhekana nokubambezeleka kwesisu nezinye izinkinga. Noma kunjalo, izilonda zomhlane zingase zenzeke kunoma yimuphi ubudala, kufaka phakathi abantwana nabantu abadala abasebasha.

Ukuba nenye noma ngaphezulu kwezimbangela zengozi akusho ukuthi uzokhula iluki lomhlane, kodwa ukwazi ngazo kungakusiza uthathe izinyathelo zokuvimbela.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zenzeke ngoluki lomhlane?

Izilonda zomhlane eziningi zilapha kahle ngokwelashwa okufanele, kodwa ngezinye izikhathi izinkinga zingase zithuthuke uma isimo singalashwa noma singaphenduli ekwelapheni kokuqala. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izinkinga ezinkulu azivamile.

Nazi izinkinga ezingase zenzeke okufanele uzibone:

• Ukuphuma kwegazi okuqhubekayo okubangela ukushoda kwegazi
• Ukutheleleka kwesilonda
• Ukuqina okunciphisa umhlane
• Ukuqhekeka (isikhala ngodonga lomhlane)
• Ukwenziwa kwesikhumba
• Ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo

Ezimeni ezingavamile kakhulu, izilonda zomhlane ezingalashwanga zingabangela izinkinga ezinkulu njengokuphuma kwegazi okukhulu noma ukuqhekeka kodonga lomhlane. Lezi zimo zidinga ukungenelela kwezokwelapha ngokushesha.

Ukuze kuvinjelwe izinkinga, kubalulekile ukuhlolwa nokwelashwa kwasekuqaleni, kungakho kubalulekile ukungazinaki izimpawu njengokuphuma kwegazi lomhlane noma ubuhlungu obuqhubekayo.

Uluki lomhlane lungavikeleka kanjani?

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela izilonda zomhlane ukugcina imikhuba yesisu enempilo nokuqeda izimo ezibangela ukwakheka kwazo. Njengoba ukubambezeleka kwesisu nokucindezela kuyizimbangela ezinkulu, ukugxila empilweni yesisu yilona ukusiza kwakho kokuqala.

Nazi izindlela ezivunyiwe ezingakusiza ukuba uzivikele:

• Dla ukudla okunefayibha eningi okunezithelo nemifino eminingi
• Phuza amanzi anele usuku lonke
• Zivocavoca njalo ukuze uthuthukise ukugaya ukudla okunempilo
• Ungacindezeli ngesikhathi sokuphuma kwesisu
• Phendula isithunzi sokuphuma kwesisu ngokushesha
• Cabanga ngomthombo wesisu uma uthanda ukubambezeleka kwesisu
• Phatha izimo ezingaphansi njengesi-inflammatory bowel disease

Uma uthatha imithi ebangela ukubambezeleka kwesisu, xoxa nodokotela wakho ngezindlela zokuphatha le mpinduko. Ngezinye izikhathi ukushintsha okulula kokudla noma ukwengeza i-fiber supplement kungenza umehluko omkhulu.

Ukwenza uhlelo olujwayelekile lokuya esikhungweni nokuzinika isikhathi esanele sokuphuma kwesisu kungakusiza futhi ukuvimbela ukucindezela okubangela ukwakheka kwesilonda somhlane.

Uluki lomhlane luhlolwa kanjani?

Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokubuza ngezimpawu zakho nomlando wakho wezokwelapha, bese enza ukuhlolwa komzimba. Ukuxilongwa kuvame ukufaka ukubuka ngqo endaweni yomhlane ukuze ubone iluki futhi uhlole izici zalo.

Inqubo yokuxilongwa ivame ukufaka lezi zinyathelo:

1. Umlando wezokwelapha: Ingxoxo ngezimpawu zakho, imikhuba yesisu, nanoma yiziphi izimo ezihlobene
2. Ukuhlolwa komzimba: Kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa komhlane ngeminwe
3. Anoscopy noma sigmoidoscopy: Ukusebenzisa isikhombisi esincane ukubuka ukuqala komhlane
4. Biopsy: Ukuthatha isampula encane yesicubu uma kudingeka
5. Ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe: Ukuhlolwa kwegazi noma izifundo zokwenza izithombe uma kukhona ukuphazamiseka okucatshangelwayo

Ukuhlolwa kwesikhombi kungase kuzwakale kungakhululeki, kodwa kuvame ukuba mfushane futhi kunikeza ulwazi oluyigugu ngobukhulu, indawo, nokubonakala kwesilonda. Udokotela wakho ngokuvamile angenza ukuxilongwa ngesikhathi saleli hlola.

Ezimweni ezithile, ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe kungase kudingeke ukuze kuqedwe ezinye izimo noma kuqondwe izimbangela ezingaphansi njengesi-inflammatory bowel disease.

Yini ukwelashwa kwoluki lomhlane?

Ukwelashwa kwezilonda zomhlane kugxile ekwelapheni isilonda, ukuphatha izimpawu, nokubhekana nembangela eyingozi. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izilonda zomhlane eziningi ziphendula kahle ezindleleni zokwelapha ezilula.

Uhlelo lwakho lokwelashwa luzohlanganisa lezi zindlela eziningi:

• Izithambisi zesisu: Ukuvimbela ukucindezela nokunciphisa ukuqiniswa
• Ukudla okunefayibha eningi: Ukuthuthukisa ukuphuma kwesisu okujwayelekile, okulula
• Imithi yokugcoba: Ama-suppositories noma amakhilimu alwa nokuvuvukala
• Ukwelashwa kwe-pelvic floor: Ukuzivocavoca ukuthuthukisa ukubambisana kwemisipha
• Ukushintsha kokuziphatha: Imikhuba yokusebenzisa i-toilet engcono nezimfanelo
• Ukwelashwa kwezimo ezingaphansi: Ukuphatha i-IBD noma ezinye izimbangela ezinikezayo

Ezimeni ezinkulu noma izilonda ezingapheli ngokwelashwa okulula, udokotela wakho angase acebise ukwelashwa okukhulu. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise imithi enamandla, ukugcoba, noma ezimeni ezingavamile, ukungenelela kokwelashwa.

Inqubo yokwelapha ivame ukuthatha amasonto ambalwa kuya ezinyangeni, kuye ngobukhulu nangembangela yesilonda. Udokotela wakho uzolandelela intuthuko yakho futhi alungise ukwelashwa njengoba kudingeka.

Indlela yokuphatha iluki lomhlane ekhaya?

Ukuphathwa ekhaya kudlala indima ebalulekile ekwelapheni izilonda zomhlane nokunciphisa ukubuyela kwazo. Ukushintsha okulula kwesitayela sokuphila kungathuthukisa kakhulu izimpawu zakho nokusekela inqubo yokwelapha.

Nazi izindlela zokunakekela ekhaya eziphumelelayo ongazisebenzisa:

• Thatha izimbobo ezishisayo ze-sitz imizuzu engu-10-15 izikhathi eziningi ngosuku
• Sebenzisa iphepha lesikhungo elithambile, elingenamoya noma izicubu ezimanzi
• Faka ama-ice packs afakwe ezingutsheni ukuze unciphise ubuhlungu
• Dla ukudla okuncane, okuvamile ukuze uthuthukise ukugaya ukudla
• Gcina idayari yokudla ukuze ubone izinto ezibangela
• Zivocavoca izindlela zokunciphisa ukucindezeleka njengokuphefumula okujulile
• Gcina ukuhlanzeka okuhle ngaphandle kokuhlambalaza kakhulu indawo

Izimbobo ze-sitz zingase zibe zithambile kakhulu futhi zingase zisize ekuqedeni ukuvuvukala ngenkathi zithuthukisa ukwelapha. Ungasebenzisa amanzi ashisayo nje noma ungeze ama-Epsom salts uma udokotela wakho evuma.

Gwema amasoseji aqinile, imikhiqizo enencasa, noma ukuhlamba okuqinile, njengoba lokhu kungase kuqinisise indawo futhi kulibale ukwelapha. Ukunakekela okuthambile kuyisihluthulelo sokuthuthukisa inqubo yokwelapha yemvelo yomzimba wakho.

Kufanele uzilungiselele kanjani i-appointment yakho yodokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-appointment yakho kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukuxilongwa okuchane kakhulu nehlelo lokwelapha eliphumelelayo. Qala ngokubhala zonke izimpawu zakho, kufaka phakathi ukuthi zaqala nini nokuthi yini ezizenza zibe ngcono noma zimbi.

Nansi okufanele ukulethe e-appointment yakho:

• Uhlu lwemithi yamanje kanye nezinye izinto
• Umbhalo wezimpawu zakho nesikhathi sazo
• Ulwazi ngemikhuba yakho yesisu nanoma yikuphi ukushintsha
• Uhlu lwemibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza
• Umlando wezokwelapha, kufaka phakathi izinkinga zesisu zangaphambili
• Umlando womndeni wezifo zesisu noma izifo zokuziphatha

Unganqikazi ukuxoxa ngemininingwane ngemikhuba yakho yesisu noma izimpawu. Udokotela wakho udinga lolu lwazi ukuze anikeze ukunakekelwa okuhle kakhulu, futhi uke wazwa konke lokhu ngaphambili.

Cabanga ngokuletha umngani noma ilungu lomndeni omethembayo uma unesizungu, njengoba bengakusiza ukuba ukhumbule ulwazi olukhulu oluxoxiwe ngesikhathi se-appointment.

Iyini into ebalulekile ngoluki lomhlane?

Izilonda zomhlane ziyizimo ezilapheka ezi, nakuba zikhathaza, ngokuvamile ziphendula kahle ekunakekelweni kwezokwelapha okufanele nokushintsha kwesitayela sokuphila. Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi ukuphuma kwegazi lomhlane kufanele kuhlale kuhlolwa uchwepheshe wezokwelapha.

Ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kuvame ukubangela imiphumela emihle, ngabantu abaningi ababona ukuthuthuka okukhulu ezimpawu zabo. Nakuba inqubo yokwelapha ithatha isikhathi, ukulandela uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha nokwenza ukushintsha kwesitayela sokuphila okucelwe kungasiza ukuqinisekisa imiphumela engcono kakhulu.

Khumbula ukuthi awuwedwa ekubhekaneni naleli simo, futhi ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kukhona. Ukusebenzisana eduze neqembu lakho lezokwelapha nokuba nesineke ngenqubo yokwelapha kuzokunika ithuba elihle kakhulu lokuphulukisa ngokuphelele.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwayo ngoluki lomhlane

Ingabe izilonda zomhlane zingaguquka zibe yimpukane?

Izilonda zomhlane ngokwazo azivamile ukuguquka zibe yimpukane. Noma kunjalo, kubalulekile ukuhlolwa kahle ngoba ezinye izimpawu zingase zihlangane nezinye izimo. Udokotela wakho angakwazi ukuhlukanisa phakathi kwezilonda ezingenangozi nezinye izinto ezikhathazayo ngokuhlola nokulingwa uma kudingeka.

Kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuze iluki lomhlane liphele?

Isikhathi sokuphela sihluka kuye ngobukhulu nangembangela yesilonda, kodwa abantu abaningi babona ukuthuthuka phakathi kwamasonto angu-4-8 ngemuva kokuqala ukwelashwa. Ezinye izilonda zingase zithathe izinyanga eziningi ukuze ziphele ngokuphelele, ikakhulu uma izimo ezingaphansi kudingeka ziphathwe kuqala.

Kuphephile yini ukuzivocavoca ngoluki lomhlane?

Ukuzivocavoca okulula njengokuhamba kuvame ukuba luncedo njengoba kuthuthukisa ukugaya ukudla okunempilo nokugeleza kwegazi. Noma kunjalo, gwema imisebenzi ebekela ucingo olukhulu endaweni yomhlane noma ebangela ukucindezela. Hlola njalo nodokotela wakho ngemisebenzi efanele isimo sakho esithile.

Ingabe ukushintsha kokudla kuphela kungalapha iluki lomhlane?

Nakuba ukushintsha kokudla kuyiyingxenye ebalulekile yokwelapha futhi kungasiza kakhulu ekwelapheni, kuvame ukuba nemiphumela emihle kakhulu uma kuhlanganiswa nezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Ukudla okunefayibha eningi nokunwetshwa kwamanzi kusekela ukwelapha, kodwa ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kuvame ukudingeka ukuze kuqedwe ngokuphelele.

Ingabe ngizodinga ukuhlinzwa ngoluki lomhlane?

Izilonda zomhlane eziningi zilapha ngokwelashwa okulula futhi azidingi ukuhlinzwa. Ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukucatshangelwa kuphela izilonda ezingaphenduli kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha noma ezimeni ezinzima. Udokotela wakho uzohlale ezama izindlela ezingenasiphetho kuqala.