Ukuhlupheka Kwe-REM Sleep Behavior Disorder? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelapha

I-REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) iyisimo sokulala lapho ubonisa khona ngokomzimba amaphupho acacile ngesikhathi ulele ubuthongo obukhulu. Esikhundleni sokuba imisipha yakho ihlale ikhululekile njengoba nje kufanele, ungaqala ukukhahlela, ukushaya, ukukhala, noma ukuhambahamba ngesikhathi uphupha.

Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba "iswitshi yokuphepha" yemvelo ehlala umzimba wakho uthulile ngesikhathi sokulala kwe-REM ayisebenzi kahle. Nakuba kungase kuzwakale kuyesabekayo, ukuqonda i-RBD kungakusiza ukuthi uqaphele izimpawu futhi uthole ukwesekwa okufanele ukuze ukwazi ukuyilawula ngokuphepha.

Iyini i-REM Sleep Behavior Disorder?

I-REM Sleep Behavior Disorder ivela lapho umzimba wakho ungabi nakho ukuqina kwemisipha okuvamile okwenzeka ngesikhathi sokulala kwe-REM (Rapid Eye Movement). Ngesikhathi sokulala kwe-REM okuhle, ubuchopho bakho "buqeda" imisipha yakho ukuze uphuphe ngokuphepha ngaphandle kokunyakaza.

Uma une-RBD, le ndlela yokuzivimbela ihluleka. Amaphupho akho aba yizenzo zomzimba, ezingaba ukunyakaza okuthambile kuya ekuziphatheni okunamandla njengokuqhuma embhedeni. Amaphupho ngokwawo avame ukuba acacile futhi agcwele isenzo, ebandakanya izimo lapho ungase uzivimbele khona noma ubaleke okuthile.

Abantu abaningi abane-RBD abanakhumbula lezi zenzakalo uma bevuka. Bangafunda kuphela ngezinyakaza zabo zobusuku ngomlingani okhathazekile noma ilungu lomndeni elibonile lezi ziphatho.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-REM Sleep Behavior Disorder?

Izimpawu eziyinhloko ze-RBD zihlanganisa ukunyakaza komzimba nemisindo ngesikhathi ulele ehambisana nalokho okwenzekayo ephusheni lakho. Lezi zimpawu zivame ukwenzeka ngesigamu sesibili sobusuku lapho ukulala kwe-REM kuvame kakhulu.

Nazi izimpawu eziyinhloko ongase uzibone wena noma umlingani wakho wokulala:

• Ukukhuluma, ukukhala, noma ukukhalela ngesikhathi ulele
• Ukunyakaza okungazelelwe kwesandla noma umlenze, njengokushaya noma ukukhahlela
• Ukuhlala phansi embhedeni noma ukuqhuma embhedeni
• Ukubamba noma ukufinyelela ezintweni ezingelona khona
• Ukuqhuba noma ukuhamba usalale
• Ubuso obuhambisana nemizwa yephupho
• Ukwenza izenzo ezinkulu njengokulwa noma ukubalekela

Lezi zenzakalo zivame ukuphela kusuka emizuzwini embalwa kuya kwimizuzu embalwa. Ungase uvuke kalula ngesikhathi noma ngemuva kwenzakalo, ukhumbula iphupho elicacile eliqalise ukunyakaza.

Izimpawu ezingavamile kodwa ezingase zenzeke zihlanganisa ukulimala okuhlobene nokulala kuwe noma kumlingani wakho, nokuzizwa ukhathele emini uma izenzakalo zivame ngokwanele ukuphazamisa ikhwalithi yokulala kwakho.

Ziyini izimbangela ze-REM Sleep Behavior Disorder?

I-RBD ivela lapho izakhiwo ze-brainstem ezivimbela ukunyakaza kwemisipha ngesikhathi sokulala kwe-REM zilimale noma zingasebenzi kahle. Lokhu kungenzeka ngezizathu eziningana ezahlukene, nokuqonda imbangela kusiza ukuqondisa ukwelashwa.

Izimbangela ezivamile zihlanganisa:

• Izifo ze-neurodegenerative njenge-Parkinson's disease, i-Lewy body dementia, noma i-multiple system atrophy
• Imithi ethile, ikakhulukazi ezinye izidakamizwa zokucindezeleka
• Ukukhipha utshwala noma ukuyeka imithi yokulala
• Ukulimala kobuchopho noma iziphumo ezihlasela i-brainstem
• I-Narcolepsy noma ezinye izimo zokulala
• Izimo ze-autoimmune ezihlasela ubuchopho

Ezimweni eziningi, i-RBD ivela ngaphandle kwesizathu esicacile esingaphansi, abaguli abayibiza ngokuthi "i-idiopathic RBD." Noma kunjalo, ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi abantu abane-idiopathic RBD banesilinganiso esiphezulu sokuthuthukisa izimo ze-neurodegenerative kamuva ekuphileni.

Ezinye izimbangela ezingavamile zihlanganisa i-brainstem strokes, ukutheleleka okuhlasela ubuchopho, noma izici ze-genetic ezidlula emindenini. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuthola ukuthi yiziphi izici ezingase zisebenze esimweni sakho.

Nini kufanele ubheke udokotela nge-REM Sleep Behavior Disorder?

Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela uma wena noma umlingani wakho wokulala uqaphela noma yikuphi ukunyakaza komzimba noma ukukhuluma ngesikhathi ulele okubonakala kuhambisana nokuqukethwe kwamaphupho. Ukubheka kusenesikhathi kubalulekile ngoba i-RBD ingabangela ukulimala futhi ingabonisa ezinye izimo zempilo.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uhlangabezana nokunyakaza okunamandla ngesikhathi ulele, uzihlukumeze noma umlingani wakho, noma uma izenzakalo zenzeka njalo. Ngisho nezimpawu ezibucayi kufanele zinakekelwe ngoba zingaba zimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Kufanele futhi ubheke udokotela uma uhlangabezana nezinye izimpawu ezinkulu kanye nezenzo zokulala, njengokungasebenzi kahle kokunyakaza kwemini, izinkinga zokukhumbula, noma ukuguquka emakhono akho okucabanga. Lokhu kungabonisa isimo se-neurological esidinga ukubhekwa.

Ungalindi ukufuna usizo uma ukuphazamiseka kokulala kuchaphazela ubuhlobo bakho, kubangele ukukhathazeka ngokuya ekuphumuleni, noma kukwenze uzizwe ungaphephile ekamelweni lakho lokuphumula. Ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kukhona ukuze kusize ukulawula i-RBD ngokuphepha.

Ziyini izici ezingase zikubeke engozini ye-REM Sleep Behavior Disorder?

Izici eziningana zingandisa amathuba akho okukhula kwe-RBD, nakuba ukuba nalezi zici ezingase zikubeke engozini akusho ukuthi uzokuthuthukisa ngokuqinisekile lesi simo. Ukuziqonda kungakusiza wena nodokotela wakho ukuthi niqaphele izimpawu zokuqala.

Izici eziyinhloko ezingase zikubeke engozini zihlanganisa:

• Ukuba owesilisa futhi uneminyaka engaphezu kuka-50 (i-RBD ivame kakhulu kubantu abadala besilisa)
• Ukuba nomlando womndeni we-RBD noma izifo ze-neurodegenerative
• Ukuthatha izidakamizwa ezithile zokucindezeleka, ikakhulukazi i-SSRIs noma i-tricyclics
• Ukuba ne-narcolepsy noma ezinye izimo zokulala
• Ukulimala kwentloko ngaphambili noma ukulimala kobuchopho
• Umlando wokusebenzisa kabi utshwala
• Izimo ze-autoimmune ezingase ziqede ubuchopho

Ezinye izici ezingavamile ezingase zikubeke engozini zihlanganisa ukuba uqale ukuhlinzwa kwe-brainstem, ukuguquguquka kwe-genetic, noma ukukhishwa ezinto eziyingozi. Udokotela wakho angahlola ukuthi yiziphi izici ezingase zisebenze esimweni sakho.

Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuthi abantu abaningi abanezi zici ezingase zikubeke engozini abakuthuthukisi i-RBD, kanti abanye bayithuthukisa ngaphandle kwanoma yiziphi izici ezingase zikubeke engozini ezicacile. Lesi simo singaqondakali kubantu abasithintayo.

Ziyini izinhlupheko ezingase zenzeke ngenxa ye-REM Sleep Behavior Disorder?

Nakuba i-RBD ngokwayo ingabi yingozi eyingozi ekuphileni, ingabangela izinhlupheko eziningana ezichaphazela ukuphepha kwakho nekhalithi lokuphila. Ukukhathazeka okukhulu kakhulu yingozi yokulimalala ngesikhathi sezenzakalo zokulala.

Izinhlupheko zomzimba ongahlangabezana nazo zihlanganisa:

• Iziphukuphuku, ukugqwala, noma ukweqa amathambo ngokuwa embhedeni
• Ukulimala kumlingani wakho wokulala ngokuthintana okungahlosiwe
• Ukonakala kwefenisha noma izinto ekamelweni lokuphumula
• Ukuphazamiseka kokulala okuholela ekhathaleni kwemini
• Ukuphelelwa ubuthongo obukhulu okuchaphazela isimiso sakho sokuvikela umzimba

Ngaphezu kwegozi lomzimba, i-RBD ingadala inselele yothando nobuhlobo. Ungase uzizwe ukhathazekile ngokulala, ukhathazeke ngokuhlukumeza umlingani wakho, noma uhlangabezane nobunzima bobuhlobo ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kokulala.

Ukucabangela okubalulekile kwesikhathi eside ukuthi i-RBD ingaba yisibonakaliso sokuqala sezifo ze-neurodegenerative. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi abantu abaningi abane-idiopathic RBD kamuva bathuthukisa izimo ezifana ne-Parkinson's disease noma i-dementia with Lewy bodies, nakuba le ntuthuko ingathatha iminyaka eminingi futhi ayenzeki kubo bonke.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa okuhle kunganciphisa kakhulu lezi ngozi futhi kukusize ugcine ukuphepha kokulala nekhalithi.

I-REM Sleep Behavior Disorder ixilongwa kanjani?

Ukuxilonga i-RBD kuvame ukudinga ucwaningo lokulala oluthiwa yi-polysomnography, lapho uchitha khona ubusuku ebhange lokulala unezinzwa ezilandelela amaza obuchopho bakho, ukusebenza kwemisipha, nokunyakaza. Lolu viwo lungabamba ukusebenza okungalungile kwemisipha ngesikhathi sokulala kwe-REM okuqondisa i-RBD.

Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokuthatha umlando ophelele wezenzo zakho zokulala, ngokuvamile ubandakanya umlingani wakho wokulala ongatadisha lokho akubonile. Bayokubuza ngesikhathi, ubukhulu, nobuntu bezenzakalo, kanye nanoma yimaphi amaphupho okhumbula.

Inqubo yokuxilonga ngokuvamile ihlanganisa ukuhlolwa komzimba nokwe-neurological ukuhlola izimpawu zezimo ezingaphansi. Udokotela wakho angase futhi ahlole imithi yakho, njengoba ezinye izidakamizwa zingase ziqalise izimpawu ezifana ne-RBD.

Ukuhlolwa okuengeziwe kungase kuhlanganise umsebenzi wegazi ukuze kuvinjwe ezinye izimo, ukubonwa kobuchopho uma kukhona izinkinga ze-neurological ezithathwa njengokukhathazeka, noma imibuzo ekhethekile yokulala ukuze kuhlolwe ikhwalithi yokulala kwakho yonke nezethando.

Ngezinye izikhathi udokotela wakho angase akucele ukuba ugcine idayari yokulala noma usebenzise ukurekhoda kwevidiyo ekhaya ukuze ubhale izenzakalo, okungase kunikeze ulwazi oluwusizo lokuhlela ukuxilonga nokuphatha.

Iyini indlela yokwelapha i-REM Sleep Behavior Disorder?

Ukuphatha i-RBD kugxile ekuqapheleni ukuphepha kwakho ngesikhathi ulele nokunciphisa ubukhulu nobukhulu bezenzakalo. Indlela ngokuvamile ihlanganisa imithi nezinye izindlela zokuphepha ekamelweni lakho lokuphumula.

Imithi evamile ukubhalwa yi-clonazepam, i-sedative ethambile esiza ukubuyisela ukukhululeka kwemisipha okuvamile ngesikhathi sokulala kwe-REM. Abantu abaningi bayaphendula kahle ezilinganisweni ezincane ezithathwa ngaphambi kokulala, futhi imithi ngokuvamile iyamukeleka ngemiphumela emibi emincane.

Uma i-clonazepam ingafaneleki kuwe, imithi ehlukile ingase ihlanganise:

• I-Melatonin, engasiza ukulungisa izindlela zokulala nokunciphisa izimpawu ze-RBD
• I-Pramipexole noma ezinye izidakamizwa uma i-Parkinson's disease ikhona
• Ukulungisa noma ukuyeka imithi engase iqalise i-RBD
• Ukuphatha izimo ezingaphansi ezifana ne-sleep apnea engase ibe zimbi izimpawu

Udokotela wakho uzohlangana nawe ukuthola imithi efanele nelinganiso, uqaphele impendulo yakho futhi ulungise ukwelashwa njengoba kudingeka. Abanye abantu badinga ukwelashwa okuhlanganisiwe noma ukulungiswa kwemithi okuphindaphindiwe.

Uma unesimo se-neurological esingaphansi, ukwelapha leso simo ngokuvamile kusiza ekuthuthukiseni izimpawu ze-RBD. Iqembu lakho lokunakekelwa lingase lihlanganise ochwepheshe bokugula kokulala nochwepheshe be-neurologists abasebenza ndawonye.

Ungayilawula kanjani i-REM Sleep Behavior Disorder ekhaya?

Ukudala indawo yokulala ephephile kubalulekile ekulawuleni i-RBD ekhaya. Ukuguqulwa okulula ekamelweni lakho lokuphumula kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokulimalala ngesikhathi sezenzakalo.

Izindlela zokuphepha ezibalulekile zihlanganisa:

• Ukubekela i-mattress yakho phansi noma ukusebenzisa ama-bed rails ukuvimbela ukuwa
• Ukususa izinto ezibukhali, izibani, noma izinto ezaphukile eceleni kombhede
• Ukufaka i-padding emakhoneni abukhali efenisha eduze kombhede
• Ukubopha noma ukususa izigqoko nefreyimu zezithombe zeglasi
• Ukufaka ukukhanya okuqalwa yisimo sokuhamba ukuze kube lula ukuhamba
• Ukucabanga ngemibhede ehlukene uma umlingani wakho usengozini yokulimalala

Ukuhlanzeka okuhle kokulala kungasiza futhi ekuphuculeni ubukhulu bezenzakalo. Lokhu kusho ukugcina izikhathi zokulala ezinembile, ukugwema utshwala ne-caffeine ngaphambi kokulala, nokudala indawo yokulala ethulile, enhle.

Amathuluzi okulawula ukucindezeleka njengokuqeqeshwa kokupumula noma ukucamngca okuthambile ngaphambi kokulala kungasiza abanye abantu ukuthi babe nezenzakalo ezimbalwa noma ezinganamandla. Noma kunjalo, ukuguqulwa kwesitayela sokuphila kudwa ngokuvamile akwanele ekulawuleni i-RBD ngokuphelele.

Gcina idayari yokulala ukuze uqaphele ubukhulu bezenzakalo nezici eziqalayo, okungasiza udokotela wakho ukuba alungise uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha. Qaphela noma yikuphi ukuguquka emazingeni okucindezeleka, imithi, noma izimo zokuphila ezivumelana nokuqubuka kwesimpawu zakho.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-aphoyintimenti yakho nodokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-aphoyintimenti yakho kungasiza udokotela wakho ukuthi aqonde kangcono isimo sakho futhi akhe uhlelo lokwelapha oluphumelelayo. Qala ngokubhala izenzo zakho zokulala nanoma yiziphi izindlela ozibonile.

Letha ulwazi olulandelayo e-aphoyintimenti yakho:

• Inkulumo eningiliziwe yezenzakalo, kuhlanganise isikhathi nobukhulu
• Uhlu lwemithi yonke nezinye izinto ozithathayo
• Ulwazi nganoma yikuphi ukuguquka kwemithi noma impilo yakamuva
• Ukuqaphela komlingani wakho wokulala ngezenzo zakho zobusuku
• Noma yikuphi ukulimala noma ukukhathazeka ngokuphepha okuhlobene nezenzakalo zokulala
• Umlando wakho wezokwelapha, kuhlanganise izimo ze-neurological

Cabanga ukucela umlingani wakho wokulala ukuba abe khona e-aphoyintimenti nawe, njengoba engase abe eqaphele izenzo ongaziqapheli. Ukulandisa kwabo ngokuqondile kungase kunikeze imininingwane ebalulekile ngesimo nesikhathi sezenzakalo.

Bhala imibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza, njengokukhathazeka ngezimo ezingaphansi, izinketho zokwelapha, noma izindlela zokuphepha. Unganqikazi ukubuza noma yini ekukhathazayo ngokulala kwakho noma impilo yakho yonke.

Uma kungenzeka, letha noma yikuphi ucwaningo lokulala olukhona noma amarekhodi ezempilo afanele. Lolu lwazi lusiza udokotela wakho ukuthi athole isithombe esiphelele sempilo yakho yokulala nomlando wezokwelapha.

Iyini into ebalulekile nge-REM Sleep Behavior Disorder?

I-REM Sleep Behavior Disorder iyisimo esilawuleka esichaphazela ukuqina okuvamile kwemisipha ngesikhathi sokulala kwamaphupho, okubangela ukuthi ubonise amaphupho acacile. Nakuba kungase kukhathaze, ikakhulukazi kubalingani bokugula, ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo kukhona ukuze kusize ukulala ngokuphepha.

Isinyathelo esibaluleke kakhulu ukuthola ukubhekwa kwezokwelapha okufanele, njengoba i-RBD ngezinye izikhathi ingabonisa izimo ze-neurological ezingaphansi ezizuza ekutholeni nokwelashwa kusenesikhathi. Ngokusebenzisa ukusetshenziswa kwemithi nokuphepha ekamelweni lokuphumula, abantu abaningi abane-RBD banganciphisa kakhulu izimpawu zabo nengozi yokulimalala.

Khumbula ukuthi i-RBD ayisiyonxa yakho, futhi awuwedwa ekuhlanganyeleni nalesi simo. Abantu abaningi bayilawula ngempumelelo i-RBD futhi bagcina ikhwalithi enhle yokulala ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okufanele nokulungiswa okuwusizo kwendawo yabo yokulala.

Ukusebenza eduze neqembu lakho lokunakekelwa kwezempilo, ukulandela ukwelashwa, nokugcina imikhuba emihle yokulala kungakusiza ukufeza ukulala okuphumule kakhulu ngesikhathi uvikele wena nomlingani wakho wokulala ekulimala okungenzeka.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwa nge-REM Sleep Behavior Disorder

Ingakwelashwa ngokuphelele yini i-REM Sleep Behavior Disorder?

I-RBD ayikwazi ukwelashwa, kodwa ingaphathwa kahle ngemithi nezinye izindlela zokuphepha. Abantu abaningi babona ukuthuthuka okukhulu ezimpawu zabo ngokwelashwa okufanele, okubavumela ukuba balele ngokuphepha nangokunethezeka. Umgomo ukulawula izenzakalo nokuvimbela ukulimala kunokususwa kwesimo ngokuphelele.

Ingabe i-REM Sleep Behavior Disorder ifana nokugula kokulala?

Cha, i-RBD nokugula kokulala kuyizimo ezahlukene ezenzeka ezinyathelweni ezahlukene zokulala. I-RBD ivela ngesikhathi sokulala kwe-REM futhi ihlanganisa ukubonisa amaphupho, kuyilapho ukugula kokulala kwenzeka ngesikhathi sokulala okujulile kwe-non-REM futhi ngokuvamile kuhlanganisa ukuhamba noma izenzo ezilula ngaphandle kokukhumbula amaphupho. Abantu abane-RBD ngokuvamile bakhumbula amaphupho abo, kuyilapho abantu abagula kokulala abakwenzi.

Ingabe ngizokuthuthukisa ngokuqinisekile i-Parkinson's disease uma ngine-RBD?

Akuwona wonke umuntu one-RBD othuthukisa i-Parkinson's disease noma ezinye izimo ze-neurodegenerative. Nakuba ucwaningo lubonisa ingozi eyenyuke kakhulu, abantu abaningi abane-RBD abakuthuthukisi lezi zimo. Ukuqhubeka, uma kwenzeka, ngokuvamile kuthatha iminyaka eminingi, futhi ukwelashwa kuya kuthuthuka njalo kokubili i-RBD nezinye izimo ezinhlobene.

Ingabe ukucindezeleka noma ukukhathazeka kungenza i-RBD ibe zimbi?

Yebo, ukucindezeleka nokukhathazeka ngezinye izikhathi kungase kwenze ubukhulu noma ubukhulu bezenzakalo ze-RBD bube zimbi. Ukuphatha ukucindezeleka ngamathuluzi okulawula ukucindezeleka, ukuzivocavoca okuvamile, nemikhuba emihle yokulala kungasiza ekuphuculeni izimpawu. Noma kunjalo, ukuphatha ukucindezeleka kudwa ngokuvamile akwanele ekulawuleni i-RBD, futhi imithi ngokuvamile isadingeka.

Ingabe kuphephile kumuntu one-RBD ukulala yedwa?

Abantu abaningi abane-RBD bangalala bodwa ngokuphepha ngokulungiswa okuwusizo ekamelweni lokuphumula nokwelashwa kwezokwelapha. Okubalulekile ukudala indawo yokulala ephephile ngokususa izinto eziyingozi, ukufaka i-padding efenisha, futhi ngezinye izikhathi ubeke i-mattress phansi. Udokotela wakho angakusiza ukuhlola isimo sakho esithile futhi ancoma izindlela zokuphepha ezifanele zokulala wedwa.