Utholakala Lwe-Rheumatic Fever? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelapha

Utholakala lwe-rheumatic fever yindlela umzimba wakho wokuzikhusela ehluleka ngayo ukuhlasela izicubu zakho ngokwakho ngemva kokutheleleka kwe-strep throat. Leli simo esibangela ukuvuvukala sibathinta kakhulu abantwana abaneminyaka eyi-5 kuya kweyi-15 ubudala, nakuba kungenzeka kunoma yimuphi ubudala.

Cabanga ngakho njengendlela umzimba wakho wokuzikhusela ehluleka ngayo ngemva kokulwa nebhaktheriya ye-strep. Esikhundleni sokuma uma ukutheleleka sekuphelile, siyaqhubeka nokulwa futhi siqale ukuhlasela izingxenye ezinempilo zomzimba wakho njengentliziyo yakho, izikhonkwane, ubuchopho, nesikhumba. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ngokwelashwa okuqondile, abantu abaningi bayaphila ngokuphelele.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-rheumatic fever?

Izimpawu ze-rheumatic fever zivame ukuvela emasontweni ama-2 kuya kwangu-4 ngemva kokutheleleka kwe-strep throat okungaphathwe. Izibonakaliso zingase zihluke kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu, futhi ungase ube nezimbalwa noma eziningi ngesikhathi esisodwa.

Nazi izimpawu eziyinhloko ongaziqaphela:

• Ubuhlungu nokuvuvukala kwezikhonkwane: Amadolo akho, izingalo, amahlombe, noma izipiko zingase zibe bomvu, zishisa, futhi zibuhlungu. Ubuhlungu buvame ukuhamba kusuka esikhonkwaneni siye kwesinye ezinsukwini eziningi.
• Ukuqhuma: Cishe uzoba nomkhuhlane ophezulu kuna-101°F (38.3°C) oza futhi uhambe.
• Izinkinga zentliziyo: Ungase ube nobuhlungu esifubeni, ukuphefumula kanzima, noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo njengoba ukuvuvukala kuthinta inhliziyo yakho.
• Ukukhishwa kwesikhumba: Ukukhishwa okubomvu, okunjengendandatho okuthiwa yi-erythema marginatum kungase kuvele esifubeni nasezingalweni noma ezinyaweni.
• Ukunyakaza okungakwazi ukulawulwa: Okuthiwa yi-Sydenham's chorea, lokhu kuyizinyathelo eziphuthumayo, ezingalawuleki zezandla zakho, izinyawo, noma ubuso ongenakukwazi ukulawula.
• Ama-bumps amancane ngaphansi kwesikhumba: La ma-nodules angenabuhlungu avame ukuvela ezindaweni ezinethambo njengezinqindi zakho, amadolo, noma amahlombe.

Ubuhlungu besikhonkwane buvame ukuba yisimpawu esiqaphelekayo futhi buvame ukuba sibi kakhulu. Okwenza kube okuhlukile yindlela ehamba ngayo - njengoba nje esikhonkwaneni esisodwa siqala ukuzizwa kangcono, esinye siqala ukuvuvukala.

Yini ebangela i-rheumatic fever?

I-rheumatic fever ithuthukiswa lapho umzimba wakho wokuzikhusela uphendula kakhulu ekuthelelekeni kwe-strep throat okubangelwa yibhaktheriya ye-group A Streptococcus. Isimo asivela ngqo ebhaktheriyani ngokwayo, kodwa ngokuphawula komzimba wakho kuyo.

Nanku okwenzekayo emzimbeni wakho. Uma ibhaktheriya ye-strep ithelele umlomo wakho, umzimba wakho wokuzikhusela udala ama-antibodies ukuze alwe nawo. Ngezinye izikhathi la ma-antibodies ahluleka ngoba izingxenye zebhaktheriya ye-strep zifana namaprotheni ezicubwini zakho. Ngakho-ke umzimba wakho wokuzikhusela uqala ukuhlasela izicubu zakho ezinempilo ngephutha.

Leli cala lokungaziwa lithiwa yi-molecular mimicry. Inhliziyo yakho, izikhonkwane, ubuchopho, nesikhumba zinamaprotheni afana nawo atholakala ebhaktheriya ye-strep. Kungakho lezi zindawo zivuvukala ngesikhathi se-rheumatic fever.

Iphuzu eliyinhloko okufanele ulikhumbule ukuthi i-rheumatic fever ivele kuphela ngemva kokutheleleka kwe-strep throat okungaphathwe noma okungaphathwe kahle. Uma uthatha ama-antibiotics ngokufanele nge-strep throat, ungavimbela i-rheumatic fever ekuthuthukiseni.

Nini okufanele ubona udokotela nge-rheumatic fever?

Kufanele ufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma wena noma ingane yakho inezimpawu ze-rheumatic fever, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokutheleleka kwe-strep throat kusanda kwenzeka. Ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kubalulekile ekuvimbeleni izinkinga ezinzima.

Shaya udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma uqaphela ubuhlungu besikhonkwane obuhamba kusuka esikhonkwaneni siye kwesinye, ukuqhuma okungachazeki, noma noma yikuphi ukukhishwa okungajwayelekile kwesikhumba. Lokhu kungaba izimpawu zokuqala ze-rheumatic fever ezidinga ukuhlolwa ngokushesha.

Thola ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okuphaphandakazayo uma uhlushwa ubuhlungu esifubeni, ukuphefumula kanzima okukhulu, noma ukushaya kwenhliziyo okusheshayo. Lezi zimpawu zingase zibonise ukuthi i-rheumatic fever ithonya inhliziyo yakho, okudinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Ungalindi ukubona uma izimpawu ziphulukana zodwa. I-rheumatic fever ingalimaza inhliziyo yakho unomphela uma ingaphathwe, kodwa ukungenelela kwasekuqaleni kungavimbela izinkinga eziningi.

Ziyini izici ezingaholela ekutholeni i-rheumatic fever?

Izici eziningi zingandisa amathuba akho okuthola i-rheumatic fever ngemva kokutheleleka kwe-strep throat. Ukuqonda lezi zici ezingaholela ekutholeni isimo kungakusiza ukuthi uthathe izinyathelo ezifanele.

Izici eziyinhloko ezingaholela ekutholeni isimo zifaka:

• Ubudala: Abantwana abaneminyaka eyi-5 kuya kweyi-15 ubudala baphakathi kwabathinteka kakhulu, nakuba abantu abadala bangathuthukisa leli simo.
• Umlando womndeni: Uma amalungu omndeni wakho ebe ne-rheumatic fever, ungase ube nethuba elikhulu lokuthola naye.
• I-strep throat engaphathwe: Ukungathathi ama-antibiotics nge-strep throat noma ukungaphothi isikhathi esigcwele kwandise amathuba akho kakhulu.
• Ukutheleleka okuphindaphindayo kwe-strep: Ukuba nokutheleleka okuningi kwe-strep throat, ikakhulukazi uma kungaphathwe, kukhuphula amathuba akho.
• Izimo zokuphila: Izimo zokuphila eziqine kakhulu, ukuhlanzeka okubi, noma ukufinyelela okulinganiselwe ezinsizakalweni zezempilo kungandisa ingozi.
• Indawo yomhlaba: I-rheumatic fever ivame kakhulu emazweni asathuthuka nasezindaweni ezithile ezinazinsizakalo zezokwelapha ezilinganiselwe.

Ukuba nalezi zici ezingaholela ekutholeni isimo akusho ukuthi uzokuthola ngokuqinisekile i-rheumatic fever. Abantu abaningi abanamazinga aphezulu okuthola isimo abazitholi, kanti abanye abanamazinga aphansi okuthola isimo bangase bayithole. Okubaluleke kakhulu ukwelashwa okuqondile kokutheleleka kwe-strep throat.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zibe khona nge-rheumatic fever?

I-rheumatic fever ingabangela izinkinga eziningi ezinzima, ukwalimaza kwenhliziyo kuyinkinga enkulu kunazo zonke. Lezi zinkinga zingase zithuthuke ngesikhathi sesigaba esibuhlungu noma eminyakeni eminingi kamuva, kungakho ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okuqhubekayo kubalulekile kangaka.

Izinkinga eziyinhloko okufanele uzazi zifaka:

• Utholakala lwenhliziyo lwe-rheumatic: Ukuvuvukala kungalimaza ama-valve enhliziyo yakho unomphela, okubangela ukuvuza noma ukunciphisa okuthonya ukusabela kwegazi.
• Izinkinga zokulingana kwenhliziyo: Isistimu yombane yenhliziyo yakho ingase ithonyeke, ibangele ukushaya kwenhliziyo okungajwayelekile noma ezinye izifo zokulingana.
• Ukwehluleka kwenhliziyo: Ukwalimaza okukhulu kwama-valve kungase ekugcineni kubangele inhliziyo yakho ingakwazi ukupompa igazi ngokuphumelelayo.
• Ukwenzakala okungapheli kwesikhonkwane: Nakuba kungavamile, abanye abantu bahlushwa yizinkinga zesikhonkwane ezingapheli noma i-arthritis.
• Imiphumela ye-neurological: Ukunyakaza okungakwazi ukulawulwa okuvela ku-Sydenham's chorea kuvame ukuqeda kodwa ngezinye izikhathi kungase kuqhubeke.

Izinkinga zenhliziyo ziyizona ezinzima kakhulu ngoba zingaba unomphela futhi zibe yingozi ebomini. Noma kunjalo, ngokwelashwa okuqondile nokukhathalelwa okuqhubekayo, abantu abaningi abane-rheumatic fever baphila impilo evamile, enempilo ngaphandle kwezinkinga ezinkulu zesikhathi eside.

I-rheumatic fever ingavikeleka kanjani?

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela i-rheumatic fever ukwelapha ukutheleleka kwe-strep throat ngokushesha nangokuphelele ngama-antibiotics. Njengoba i-rheumatic fever ivele kuphela ngemva kokutheleleka kwe-strep okungaphathwe, ukwelashwa okuqondile kwama-antibiotics kuyindlela ephumelelayo kakhulu yokuvimbela.

Nanku ukuthi ungazivikela kanjani wena nomndeni wakho:

• Thola ukwelashwa kwe-strep throat ngokushesha: Bheka udokotela uma une-sore throat enomkhuhlane, ikakhulukazi uma ibibi noma ihlala izinsuku ezimbalwa.
• Qeda isikhathi esigcwele sama-antibiotics: Thatha wonke ama-antibiotics akhishwe ngudokotela wakho ngisho noma uzizwa kangcono ngaphambi kokuba uwaphothi.
• Sebenzisa ukuhlanzeka okuhle: Geza izandla zakho njalo futhi ugweme ukwabelana ngezinsiza, izitsha, noma izinto zakho siqu.
• Hlala ekhaya uma ugula: Uma une-strep throat, hlala ekhaya kuze kube yilapho usethathe ama-antibiotics okungenani amahora angu-24.

• Gcina izindawo zokuphila zihlanzekile: Ukuhlanza okuvamile kungasiza ekuqedeni ukusabalala kwebhaktheriya ye-strep.

Uma uke waba ne-rheumatic fever ngaphambili, udokotela wakho angase akukhuthaze ukwelashwa kwama-antibiotics isikhathi eside ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kwe-strep kwesikhathi esizayo. Le ndlela yokuvimbela inganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho yokubuyela kwe-rheumatic fever.

I-rheumatic fever ihlonishwa kanjani?

Ukuhlonishwa kwe-rheumatic fever kungaba inselele ngoba ayikho i-test eyodwa eqinisekisa leli simo. Udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa ukuxubana komlando wakho wezokwelapha, ukuhlolwa komzimba, nezivivinyo eziningi ukuze enze ukuhlonishwa.

Udokotela wakho uzoqala ngokubuza ngokutheleleka kwe-strep throat kusanda kwenzeka futhi akuhlole izibonakaliso ezibonakalayo ze-rheumatic fever. Uzohlola izikhonkwane zakho ukuze ubone ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu, alalele inhliziyo yakho ukuze ubone ama-murmurs, futhi abuke ukukhishwa kwesikhumba noma ama-nodules.

Izilingo eziningi zingase zidingeke ukuze kusekelwe ukuhlonishwa:

• Izivivinyo zegazi: Lokhu kuhlola izibonakaliso zokutheleleka kwe-strep kusanda kwenzeka nokuvuvukala emzimbeni wakho.
• I-throat culture noma i-rapid strep test: Ukuze ubone ukuthi une-strep infection yini.
• I-Electrocardiogram (ECG): Lokhu kubhala umsebenzi wombane wenhliziyo yakho ukuze uhlole izinkinga zokulingana.
• I-Echocardiogram: I-ultrasound yenhliziyo yakho ebonisa ukuthi ama-valve enhliziyo yakho asebenza kahle kangakanani.
• I-Chest X-ray: Ukuze uhlole ukukhula kwenhliziyo noma ezinye izinguquko.

Udokotela wakho uzosebenzisa izindinganiso zezokwelapha ezimiswe okuthiwa yi-Jones criteria ukuze asize ekuqinisekiseni ukuhlonishwa. Lezi zindinganiso zibheka ukuxubana okuqondile kwezimpawu nemiphumela yezivivinyo evamile kwi-rheumatic fever.

Ukuphathwa kwe-rheumatic fever kuyini?

Ukuphathwa kwe-rheumatic fever kugxile ekuqedeni ukuvuvukala, ukuphatha izimpawu, nokuvimbela ukutheleleka kwe-strep kwesikhathi esizayo. Udokotela wakho uzoqamba uhlelo lokuphathwa olusekelwe ezingxenyeni zomzimba wakho ezithintekile nokuthi izimpawu zakho zibi kangakanani.

Ukuphathwa okuyinhloko kufaka:

• Ama-antibiotics: Ukuqeda noma iyiphi ibhaktheriya ye-strep esele khona nokuvimbela ukutheleleka kwesikhathi esizayo.
• Imithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala: I-Aspirin noma i-corticosteroids ukuze kunciphise ukuvuvukala nobuhlungu ezikhonkwaneni nasezinhliziyweni zakho.
• Imithi yenhliziyo: Uma inhliziyo yakho ithonyeke, ungase udinga imithi ukuze isize ukusebenza kahle.
• Imithi yokunyakaza okungakwazi ukulawulwa: Uma une-Sydenham's chorea, imithi ethile ingasiza ekulawuleni ukunyakaza.
• Ukuphumula embhedeni: Ngesikhathi sesigaba esibuhlungu, ukuphumula kusiza umzimba wakho ukuba uphile futhi kunciphisa ukucindezela enhliziyweni yakho.

Abantu abaningi baqala ukuzizwa kangcono ngaphakathi kwamasonto ambalwa ngemva kokuqala ukwelashwa. Noma kunjalo, imithi eminye ingase idingeke ukuqhubeka izinyanga noma iminyaka, ikakhulukazi uma inhliziyo yakho ithonyeke.

Udokotela wakho uzokulandela eduze ngesikhathi sokwelashwa futhi angase alungise imithi ngokusekelwe endleleni obuyisayo. Izivivinyo zokulandelela okuvamile kubalulekile ekuqapheleni impilo yakho nokuvimbela izinkinga.

Indlela yokuphatha i-rheumatic fever ekhaya?

Nakuba ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha kubalulekile, kunezinto eziningi ongazenza ekhaya ukuze usekele impilo yakho futhi uphathe izimpawu. Lezi zinyathelo zokunakekelwa ekhaya zisebenza kanye nemithi yakho eyalwe ukuze zikusize uzizwe kangcono.

Nazi izindlela eziwusizo zokuphatha izimpawu ekhaya:

• Thola ukuphumula okuningi: Umzimba wakho udinga ukuphumula okwengeziwe ukuze uphile ekuvuvukaleni, ngakho ungazizwa unecala ngokulala kakhulu kunokujwayelekile.
• Thatha imithi njengoba iyalwe: Beka izikhumbuzo zokuthatha yonke imithi ngokuqondile njengoba udokotela wakho eyalele, ngisho noma uqala ukuzizwa kangcono.
• Phatha ubuhlungu besikhonkwane: Faka ama-compresses afudumele ezikhonkwaneni ezibuhlungu futhi ugweme imisebenzi eyenza ubuhlungu bube sibi.
• Hlala uthambile: Phuza amanzi amaningi ukuze usize umzimba wakho uqede imithi futhi ulwe nokuvuvukala.
• Dla ukudla okunomsoco: Gxila ekudleni okunamavithamini naminerali ukuze usekele ukubuyela komzimba wakho wokuzikhusela.
• Qapha izimpawu zakho: Gcina ulandelela indlela ozizwa ngayo futhi ubhale noma yikuphi ukuguquka kudokotela wakho ngokushesha.

Dala indawo ethule, ezolile ekhaya lapho ungaphumula khona ngaphandle kokuphazamiseka. Uma unakekela ingane enesifo se-rheumatic fever, ukugcina izindlela ezijwayelekile ngangokunokwenzeka kungase kunikeze induduzo yomzwelo ngesikhathi sokubuyela.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-appointment yakho yedokotela?

Ukulungiselela i-appointment yakho yedokotela kungasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuthi uthola ukuhlonishwa okuqondile nokuphathwa okuqondile. Ukuba nolwazi olufanele okulungile kuzosiza udokotela wakho ukuqonda isimo sakho kangcono.

Ngaphambi kwe-appointment yakho, buza leli lwazi elibalulekile:

• Umlando wesifo samuva nje: Bhala phansi noma yikuphi ukutheleleka okusanda kwenzeka kwe-sore throats, ukuqhuma, noma ezinye izifo ezikhona ngenyanga edlule.
• Isikhathi sesimpawu: Qaphela ukuthi yini ngayinye iqalile nini nokuthi ishintshe kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
• Imithi yamanje: Letha uhlu lwemithi yonke, izongezelelo, namavithamini owa thatha.
• Umlando womndeni wezokwelapha: Yazi ukuthi kukhona yini umuntu emndenini wakho obe ne-rheumatic fever noma izinkinga zenhliziyo.
• Imibuzo okufanele uyibuze: Bhala phansi noma yikuphi ukukhathazeka noma imibuzo ofuna ukuyixoxa nodokotela wakho.

Lungela ukuchaza izimpawu zakho ngokuningiliziwe, kufaka phakathi izikhonkwane ezibuhlungu, lapho ubuhlungu bukhulu khona, nokuthi buhamba kusuka esikhonkwaneni siye kwesinye. Uma uke waba nomkhuhlane, qaphela izinga lokushisa eliphezulu kakhulu olikhombisile nokuthi lenzeke nini.

Letha ilungu lomndeni omethembayo noma umngani ukuze akusize ukukhumbula ulwazi olukhulu oluvela kwi-appointment. Bangase banikeze ukwesekwa futhi basize ekumeleleni ukunakekelwa kwakho uma kudingeka.

Iyini into ebaluleke kakhulu nge-rheumatic fever?

I-rheumatic fever yisimo esinzima kodwa esingavikeleka esenzeka lapho ukutheleleka kwe-strep throat kungaphathwe. Into ebaluleke kakhulu okufanele uyikhumbule ukuthi ukwelashwa okuqondile kwama-antibiotics kwe-strep throat kungavimbela ngokuphelele i-rheumatic fever ekuthuthukiseni.

Uma uthuthukisa i-rheumatic fever, ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kubalulekile ekuvimbeleni izinkinga zesikhathi eside, ikakhulukazi ukwalimaza kwenhliziyo. Abantu abaningi abamukela ukwelashwa okuqondile, okuqondile bayaphila kahle futhi baqhubeka bephila impilo evamile, enempilo.

Okubalulekile ukungawagcini amehlo izimpawu ze-strep throat noma ucabange ukuthi ziyophela zodwa. Ukuthola ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okuqondile ngalokho okungase kubonakale njengokutheleleka okulula kungavimbela isimo esinzima kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni.

Hlala uqaphile ngokwelapha ukutheleleka kwe-strep, qeda izikhathi zakho zama-antibiotics, futhi ungangabazi ukufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha uma uthuthukisa izimpawu ezikukhathazayo. Indlela yakho ephambili yokunakekelwa kwezempilo yindlela yakho engcono kakhulu yokulwa ne-rheumatic fever.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwa nge-rheumatic fever

Ingabe i-rheumatic fever ingabuya ngemva kokwelashwa?

Yebo, i-rheumatic fever ingabuya uma uthola ukutheleleka kwe-strep throat okungaphathwe. Kungakho abantu abaningi abake baba ne-rheumatic fever bethatha ama-antibiotics nsuku zonke iminyaka eminingi ukuvimbela ukutheleleka kwe-strep kwesikhathi esizayo. Udokotela wakho uzoxoxa ukuthi ukuvimbela kwama-antibiotics isikhathi eside kulungile yini kuwe ngokusekelwe ezicini zakho zomuntu siqu nokuthi uthonyeke kangakanani.

Ingabe i-rheumatic fever iyadluliseka?

I-rheumatic fever ngokwayo ayidluliseki, kodwa ukutheleleka kwe-strep throat okubangela kuyadluliseka kakhulu. Ungasabalalisa ibhaktheriya ye-strep kwabanye ngokukhokha, ukukhipha, noma ukwabelana ngezinto zakho siqu. Uma uqala ukwelashwa kwama-antibiotics nge-strep throat, ngokuvamile uba ungadluliseki ngaphakathi kwamahora angu-24.

I-rheumatic fever ihlala isikhathi esingakanani?

Isigaba esibuhlungu se-rheumatic fever sivame ukuhlala amasonto angu-6 kuya kwangu-12 ngokwelashwa okuqondile. Noma kunjalo, ezinye izimpawu njengobuningi besikhonkwane zingase ziqede ezinsukwini noma emasontweni, kuyilapho ukuvuvukala kwenhliziyo kungathatha izinyanga ukuze kuphile ngokuphelele. Abanye abantu bangase badinge ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo nokukhathalelwa iminyaka, ikakhulukazi uma inhliziyo yabo ithonyeke.

Ingabe abantu abadala bangathola i-rheumatic fever?

Nakuba i-rheumatic fever ivame kakhulu kubantwana abaneminyaka eyi-5 kuya kweyi-15, abantu abadala bangayithola nayo. Izimo zabantu abadala azivamile kodwa zingase zibe nzima uma zenzeka. Abantu abadala abahlala ezindaweni eziqine kakhulu, abanesistimu yokuzikhusela ebuthakathaka, noma abangenayo ukufinyelela ezinsizakalweni zezempilo bangase babe sengozini enkulu.

Ingabe i-rheumatic fever izonithinta ikhono lakho lokwenza umsebenzi noma ukudlala imidlalo?

Lokhu kuncike ekutheni i-rheumatic fever ithonye inhliziyo yakho nokuthi uphulukile kangakanani. Abantu abaningi babuyela emisebenzini evamile, kufaka phakathi imidlalo, ngemva kokubuyela okuphelele. Noma kunjalo, uma une-valve damage ehlala njalo, udokotela wakho angase akukhuthaze ukugwema imisebenzi enzima. Thola ukugunyazwa kwezokwelapha njalo ngaphambi kokubuyela emisebenzini yomzimba enzima ngemva kokuba ne-rheumatic fever.