Created at:1/16/2025
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Ukuqunjelwa kwesikhumba sekhanda kuyisifo esibangelwa yimbiza esithinta izinwele nesikhumba sekhanda lakho. Naphezu kwegama laso, alihambisani nezinambuzane – kubangelwa yimbiza encane edala amabala acishe abe yiqanda ekhanda.
Lesi simo, esibizwa ngokuthi yi-tinea capitis ngokwezokwelapha, sivame kakhulu kubantwana kodwa singathinta noma ubani. Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ngokwelashwa okufanele, ukuqunjelwa kwesikhumba sekhanda kuyaqeda ngokuphelele futhi izinwele zakho ziyakhula kabusha ngokujwayelekile.
Ukuqunjelwa kwesikhumba sekhanda kuyisifo esithathelwanayo esibangelwa yimbiza esihlasela izikhumba zezinwele nesikhumba esizungezile ekhanda lakho. Iimbiza zidla i-keratin, iprotheni etholakala ezinweleni nasikhumbeni, okuyenza i-shaft yezinwele ibe buthakathaka futhi iphule.
Uzoqaphela ngokuvamile amabala ayingqimba noma ayingxande lapho izinwele ziphukile eduze kwesikhumba sekhanda, zishiya izimpondo ezimfushane noma izindawo eziqondile ngokuphelele. La mabala avame ukuba nesikhumba esiqinile, esiqinile futhi angabonakala ekhulile noma ebomvu.
Ukutheleleka kukhula kalula ngokuthinta ngqo abantu abane-infection, izilwane, noma izinto ezingcolile njengezikhombisi, iziqalo, noma ama-pillowcases. Abantwana abaneminyaka ephakathi kuka-3 no-14 banesihlahla esikhulu, nakuba abantu abadala bangakuthola nakho.
Isici esiqaphelekayo kakhulu ukulahleka kwezinwele okungalingani okuvela kancane ezinyangeni ezimbalwa. La mabala angenalo izinwele avame ukuqala amancane futhi angakhula uma engawelashwa.
Nawa ama-symptom abalulekile okumelwe uwabheke:
Kwezinye izimo, ungathuthukisa uhlobo olukhulu oluthi yi-kerion. Lokhu kudala ama-bumps abhlungu, agcwele i-pus angaba nomuzwa oluthambile futhi oluthambile. Nakuba i-kerion ibukeka iyesabekayo, ivame ukuphulukiswa ngaphandle kokushiya ama-scar uma ilashwe kahle.
Ngokungavamile, ukutheleleka kungabangela ukusabela okukhulu kokuvuvukala kulo lonke ikhanda, okuholela ekuthambeni kwezinwele okubanzi kunamabala acacile. Lesi sibonakaliso ngezinye izikhathi singadideka nezinye izimo zokuwa kwezinwele.
Ukuqunjelwa kwesikhumba sekhanda kubangelwa yimbiza ye-dermatophyte eyingcweti ekuphuleni i-keratin. Izimbangela ezivamile kakhulu yi-Trichophyton tonsurans ne-Microsporum canis.
Lezi zimbiza zikhula ezindaweni ezifudumele, ezimanzi futhi zikhula ngezindlela eziningi:
Iimbiza zingaphila ebusweni nasezintweni izinyanga, okwenza ukudluliselwa okungadingekile kube yinto evamile. Uma zifinyelela ekhanda lakho, zifaka izikhumba zezinwele futhi ziqale ukudla i-keratin, kancane kancane zenza ukwakheka kwezinwele kube buthakathaka.
Izimo ezithile zenza ukutheleleka kube lula, kufaka phakathi ukulimala okuncane ekhanda, ukukhahlela okukhulu, noma ukuba nokuvikelwa komzimba okubuhlungu. Ukuntuleka kokuhlambalaza akuyikubangela ukuqunjelwa, kodwa kungenza ukudluliselwa kube lula.
Kumelwe ubheke umhlinzeki wezempilo ngokushesha nje lapho uqaphela ukulahleka kwezinwele okungavamile noma ukushintsha kwesikhumba sekhanda. Ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kuvimbela ukutheleleka ukusabalala futhi kunciphisa ingozi yokuwa kwezinwele okungapheli.
Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uqaphela:
Ungalindi ukubona ukuthi isimo siyakhulula yedwa. Ukuqunjelwa kwesikhumba sekhanda kudinga imithi ye-antifungal evela kudokotela futhi ngeke kuqede ngemithi yokuthengwa ngaphandle kwelayisensi noma izindlela zokwelapha zasekhaya kuphela.
Uma othile endlini yakho ekhombiswe ukuqunjelwa kwesikhumba sekhanda, amalungu omndeni kufanele ahlolwe ngisho noma engenazo izimpawu. Ukutheleleka kungasabalala ngaphambi kokuba izimpawu zibe sobala.
Izici eziningi zingandisa amathuba akho okuthuthukisa ukuqunjelwa kwesikhumba sekhanda. Ukuqonda lokhu kukusiza ukuthi uthathe izinyathelo ezifanele futhi uqaphele lapho ungase ube sengozini enkulu.
Izimbangela zengozi ezibaluleke kakhulu zifaka:
Abantu abathile babhekene nezingozi eziphezulu ngenxa yezici zenhlalo noma zemvelo. Abantwana basemadolobheni abanemithombo elinganiselwe bangase babe nokukhishwa okukhulu ngezindawo zokuhlala ezihlanganyelwe noma izikhungo zomphakathi.
Ukuba nesifo sikashukela, ukuthatha imithi yokucindezela ukuvikelwa komzimba, noma ukwelashwa kempilo yomdlavuza kungakwenza ube sengozini enkulu yokutheleleka yimbiza. Noma kunjalo, abantu abaphilile bangase bathuthukise ukuqunjelwa kwesikhumba sekhanda uma bekhombiswe imbiza.
Izimo eziningi zokuqunjelwa kwesikhumba sekhanda ziyaphuka ngokuphelele ngokwelashwa okufanele, zingashiyi mpendulo. Noma kunjalo, ezinye izinhlanganisela zingase zenzeke, ikakhulukazi uma ukutheleleka kungalashwa noma kube nzima.
Izinhlanganisela ezivamile zifaka:
Ama-scar aphakade avame ukuvela kuphela lapho ukutheleleka kubangela ukuvuvukala okujulile noma lapho ukutheleleka okubangelwa amabhaktheriya kuthuthuka. Lokhu kungenzeka kakhulu ngezifo ze-kerion ezenza ukuvuvukala okukhulu nokulimala kwethishu.
Kwezinye izimo ezingavamile, ukuqunjelwa kwesikhumba sekhanda okungalashwa kungabangela isimo esithi yi-favus, esenza ukulahleka kwezinwele okungapheli nama-scar. Lolu hlobo olukhulu aluvamile emazweni athuthukile ngenxa yokutholakala kalula kwemithi.
Umphumela wezingqondo awufanele uhlale ukhona. Ukulahleka kwezinwele kungathinta ukuzethemba, ikakhulukazi kubantwana nabasakhulayo. Ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kusiza ukunciphisa imiphumela yomzimba nengqondo yesimo.
Ukuvimbela kugxile ekunciphiseni ukukhishwa kwimbiza nokugcina ukuhlanzeka okuhle kwesikhumba sekhanda. Nakuba ungakwazi ukususa yonke ingozi, izinyathelo ezilula zinciphisa kakhulu amathuba akho okuthola ukutheleleka.
Nawa amasu okuvimbela asebenza kakhulu:
Uma othile endlini yakho enokuqunjelwa kwesikhumba sekhanda, geza imibhede yabo, izingubo, nezinto zomuntu siqu emanzini ashisayo. Susa ama-carpets nefenisha ehlanganisiwe njalo, njengoba imbiza ingaphila ezinhlweni zefabliki.
Emindenini enezilwane ezifuywayo, ukuhlolwa njalo kwezilwane kuyasiza ekutholeni nasekulashweni kwezifo zezilwane ngaphambi kokuba zisabalale kubantu. Uma isilwane sakho sithuthukisa amabala ayingqimba okulahleka kwezinwele, sibheke ngokushesha.
Izikole nezikhungo zokunakekelwa kwabantwana zidlal' indima ebalulekile ekuvimeleni ngokuhlola abantwana ukuze babone izimpawu nokufundisa imindeni ngezindlela zokuhlanzeka ezifanele.
Ukuhlonzwa kuvame ukuqala ngokuhlolwa kwamehlo kwesikhumba sekhanda nezinwele zakho. Umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzobheka iphethini evamile yokuwa kwezinwele nokukhahlela okuphakamisa ukutheleleka yimbiza.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuhlonzwa, udokotela wakho angenza ukuhlolwa okuthile:
Ukuhlolwa kwe-KOH kunikeza imiphumela esheshayo ngaphakathi kwemizuzu embalwa, kubonisa izinto ze-fungal njenge-spores nezinto ezifana ne-thread ebizwa nge-hyphae. Noma kunjalo, lo mkhombandlela ngezinye izikhathi ungaphazami ukutheleleka noma unikeze imiphumela engeyiyo.
Ukukhula kwembiza kuyindlela engcono kakhulu yokuhlola kodwa kuthatha amasonto ama-2-4 ukuqedela. Udokotela wakho uzokhipha izinwele ezithintekile nezilinganiso ukuze azithumele elabhoratri, lapho ochwepheshe bengakwazi ukubona uhlobo oluqondile lwe-fungal.
Ukuhlolwa kwe-Wood's lamp akusetshenziswanga kakhulu manje ngoba izinhlobo eziningi zanamuhla ze-ringworm fungi azikhanyi ngaphansi kokukhanya okungabonakali. Uma kuqinisile, noma kunjalo, kungasiza ekuqinisekiseni ukuhlonzwa ngokushesha.
Ukuqunjelwa kwesikhumba sekhanda kudinga imithi ye-antifungal evela kudokotela ethathwa ngomlomo. Ukwelashwa okusetshenziswa ngaphandle njenge-creams noma ama-shampoos kuphela akuphumeleli ngoba akakwazi ukungena ngokujula ezikhumbeni zezinwele.
Imithi ye-antifungal evamile kakhulu evela kudokotela ifaka:
Udokotela wakho uzokhetha imithi engcono kakhulu ngokuya ngembiza ethile etholwe, ubudala bakho, nanoma yiziphi ezinye izimo zezempilo ongazibeka.
Isikhathi sokwelashwa sihluka kuye ngemithi nobunzima bokutheleleka. Kuzodingeka uqhubeke uthatha imithi amasonto ambalwa ngemuva kokuba izimpawu zinyamalale ukuqinisekisa ukuthi imbiza isiqediwe ngokuphelele.
Ama-shampoos e-antifungal aqukethe i-ketoconazole noma i-selenium sulfide angalotshwa kanye nemithi yomlomo ukuze kunciphisa inani le-fungal spores ekhanda lakho futhi kuvimbele ukusabalala kwabanye.
Ukukhathalela ekhaya kugxile ekusekeleni ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha nokuvimbela ukutheleleka ukusabalala kwabanye. Nakuba ungakwazi ukwelapha ukuqunjelwa kwesikhumba sekhanda ngezindlela zokwelapha zasekhaya kuphela, ukunakekelwa okuhle kusiza ukushesisa ukuphulukiswa.
Nawa indlela yokunakekela ikhanda lakho ngesikhathi sokwelashwa:
Ukuvimbela ukusabalala kokutheleleka, geza yonke izingubo, imibhede, nezinto zomuntu siqu emanzini ashisayo nge-detergent. Izinto ezingagezi kufanele zivalwe eziphahleni zeplastiki amasonto ambalwa kuze kube yilapho imbiza ifa ngokwemvelo.
Ungabuyela esikoleni noma emsebenzini uma usuqalile ukwelashwa kwe-antifungal futhi usebenzise i-shampoo enomuthi okungenani izinsuku ezimbalwa. Noma kunjalo, gwema ukwabelana ngezinto zomuntu siqu nemisebenzi yokuxhumana eduze kuze kube yilapho udokotela wakho eqinisekisa ukuthi ukutheleleka kuyaqeda.
Ungasebenzisi izindlela zokwelapha zasekhaya njenge-tea tree oil noma iviniga njengokwelashwa okuyinhloko. Lokhu kungabangela ukuvuvukala okwengeziwe futhi ngeke kuqede ukutheleleka okujulile ezikhumbeni zezinwele.
Ukulungiselela i-appointment yakho kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukuhlonzwa okuchane kakhulu nelenani lokwelashwa eliphumelelayo. Buthana ulwazi olufanele ngaphambi kokwenza i-visit ibe yingcono.
Ngaphambi kwe-appointment yakho:
Lungela ukuxoxa ngomlando wezempilo womndeni wakho, ikakhulukazi noma yimuphi umlando we-infections yimbiza noma izinkinga zokuphepha komzimba. Udokotela wakho angase abuze ngokuhamba kwamuva noma ukuhlanganyela emisebenzini lapho ungase ukhombiswe khona imbiza.
Uma kungenzeka, letha izithombe ezibonisa ukuthi indawo ethintekile ibukeka kanjani lapho izimpawu ziqala khona. Lokhu kusiza udokotela wakho ukuqonda ukuthi isimo siye sathuthuka kanjani ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Ungangabazi ukubuza imibuzo mayelana nezinketho zokwelashwa, isikhathi sokuphulukiswa okulindelekile, noma izinyathelo zokuvimbela ukutheleleka kabusha. Ukuqonda isimo sakho kukusiza ukulandela uhlelo lokwelashwa ngokuphumelelayo.
Ukuqunjelwa kwesikhumba sekhanda kuyisifo esithathelwanayo esilashwa esiphendula kahle emithini ye-antifungal evela kudokotela. Nakuba kungase kubukeke kukhathaza, ikakhulukazi lapho kubangela ukulahleka kwezinwele, abantu abaningi bayaphuka ngokuphelele ngokwelashwa okufanele.
Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumelwe uyikhumbule ukuthi ukwelashwa kwasekuqaleni kuvimbela izinhlanganisela futhi kunciphisa isikhathi esithathelwanayo kwabanye. Ungazami ukwelapha ukuqunjelwa kwesikhumba sekhanda wedwa – kudinga imithi evela kudokotela kuphela abhlinzeki bezempilo abangayinika.
Ngokwelashwa okuqhubekayo nezindlela zokuhlanzeka ezinhle, ungalindela izinwele zakho ukukhula kabusha ngokujwayelekile uma ukutheleleka kuqeda. Abantu abaningi babona ukuthuthuka phakathi kwamasonto ambalwa, nakuba ukuphulukiswa okuphelele kungathatha izinyanga eziningi.
Ukuvimbela kuhlala kuyindlela yakho engcono kakhulu yokulwa ne-infections yesikhathi esizayo. Izinyathelo ezilula njengokungabelani ngezinto zomuntu siqu nokugcina ukuhlanzeka okuhle kwesikhumba sekhanda kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi yakho yokuthuthukisa ukuqunjelwa kwesikhumba sekhanda futhi.
Izimo eziningi zokuqunjelwa kwesikhumba sekhanda azibangeli ukulahleka kwezinwele okungapheli uma zilashwa ngokushesha nangokufanele. Izinwele ngokuvamile ziyakhula kabusha ngokujwayelekile uma ukutheleleka kuqeda, nakuba kungathatha izinyanga eziningi ukubona ukukhula okugcwele. Ukulahleka kwezinwele okungapheli kungenzeka ezimweni ezinzima ezenza ukuvuvukala okujulile noma ukutheleleka okubangelwa amabhaktheriya, kodwa lokhu akuvamile ngokwelashwa kwasekuqaleni.
Uthathwa njengomuntu othathwa kalula ngaphambi kokuqala ukwelashwa futhi phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala zokwelashwa kwe-antifungal. Abantu abaningi baba abangathintelwa ngaphakathi kwamahora angu-24-48 ngemuva kokuqala imithi ye-antifungal yomlomo nokusebenzisa i-shampoo enomuthi. Noma kunjalo, kufanele uqhubeke nezinyathelo zokuvikela njengokungabelani ngezinto zomuntu siqu kuze kube yilapho udokotela wakho eqinisekisa ukuthi ukutheleleka kuqediwe ngokuphelele.
Yebo, abantu abadala bangathuthukisa ukuqunjelwa kwesikhumba sekhanda, nakuba kuvame kakhulu kubantwana. Izimo zabantu abadala ngokuvamile zenzeka kubantu abane-immune systems ebuthakathaka, labo abasebenza nezilwane, noma abantu abakhombiswe abantwana abane-infection. Izimpawu nokwelashwa kufana kungakhathaliseki ubudala, nakuba abantu abadala bengase bathathe isikhathi eside ukuphulukiswa.
Ezimeni eziningi, izinwele zakho ziyakhula kabusha ngombala nokwakheka okufanayo ngaphambi kokutheleleka. Ngezinye izikhathi, izinwele ezintsha zingase ziqale ukubonakala zihlukile kancane ekwakhekeni noma emibalabala, kodwa lokhu ngokuvamile kuyaqondana ngokuhamba kwesikhathi. Izifo ezinzima ezenza ama-scar zingase ziholele ekushintsheni okungapheli emaphethini okukhula kwezinwele kulezo zindawo ezithile.
I-creams ne-shampoos ye-antifungal okuthengwa ngaphandle akuphumeleli njengokwelashwa okuyinhloko kokuqunjelwa kwesikhumba sekhanda ngoba akakwazi ukungena ngokujula ezikhumbeni zezinwele lapho imbiza ihlala khona. Imithi ye-antifungal evela kudokotela iyadingeka ukuze uqede ukutheleleka ngokuphelele. Noma kunjalo, udokotela wakho angase ancome ama-shampoos enomuthi njengokwelashwa okwengeziwe ukuze kunciphisa inani le-spores ekhanda lakho.