Created at:1/16/2025
Question on this topic? Get an instant answer from August.
I-Roseola yisifo esivamile kubantwana esibangela ukuqina komkhuhlane okulandelelwa yi-rash ebomvu ehlukile. Lokhu kuqubuka kwe-viral kubathinta ikakhulukazi izingane ezincane nezingane ezincane ezineminyaka engu-6 kuya kwengu-2, nakuba kungase kube khona ezinganeni ezindala.
Abazali abaningi bahlangana ne-roseola ngesinye isikhathi eminyakeni yokuqala yengane yabo. Lesi simo sivame ukuba silula futhi siyaphela ngokwalo ngaphakathi kweviki. Nakuba ukuqina komkhuhlane kungase kukhathaze, i-roseola ayivamile ukubangela izinkinga ezinkulu ezinganeni ezimpilweni.
I-Roseola iwumkhuhlane we-viral olanda ngendlela eqondakalayo kubantwana abancane. Ukuhlupheka kuqala ngezinsuku ezimbalwa zokukhulu komkhuhlane, okulandelelwa ukubonakala kwe-rash ebomvu uma umkhuhlane uqeda.
Lesi simo siyaziwa nangokuthi isifo sesithupha noma i-roseola infantum. Sibangelwa yi-human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) futhi ngezinye izikhathi yi-human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7). Lezi zinhlobo ze-virus zihlukile ngokuphelele ezinhlotsheni ze-herpes ezibangela ama-cold sores noma i-herpes yasesini.
Ukutheleleka kuvamile kangangokuthi eminyakeni engu-2, cishe u-90% wezingane zivelile kulolu hlobo lwe-virus. Izikhathi eziningi zibuthakathaka kangangokuthi azibonakali, kanti ezinye zibonisa iphethini yomkhuhlane-ke-rash okwenza ukuxilongwa kube lula.
Izimpawu ze-roseola zivele ezigabeni ezimbili ezahlukile, okwenza kube lula ukuqaphela uma usuqonda ukuthi yini okufanele uyibheke. Isigaba sokuqala sihilela umkhuhlane, kanti isigaba sesibili siletha i-rash eqondakalayo.
Phakathi nesigaba somkhuhlane, esivame ukuphela izinsuku eziyi-3 kuya kwezi-5, ungase uqaphele:
Umkhuhlane ngokuvamile uqala ngokuzumayo futhi ungaba phezulu kakhulu, okukhathaza abazali abaningi. Ingane yakho ingase ibonakale ikhathele kakhulu kunokujwayelekile futhi ingathandeki ukudlala noma ukudla.
Uma umkhuhlane uqeda, isigaba se-rash siqala. Lokhu kwenzeka ngaphakathi kwamahora angu-12 kuya kwangu-24 ngemuva kokuthi ubushushu bomzimba buye ezingeni elijwayelekile:
I-rash ngokuvamile ihlala izinsuku eziyi-1 kuya kwezi-3 ngaphambi kokuba iphele ngokuphelele. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi, uma i-rash ivele, izingane ngokuvamile zizizwa zilungile kakhulu futhi zibuyela emazingeni abo ajwayelekile wemisebenzi.
I-Roseola ibangelwa izinhlobo ezimbili ze-human herpesvirus: HHV-6 ne-HHV-7. Lezi zinhlobo ze-virus ziyinxalenye yomndeni ofanayo nezinye izinhlobo ze-virus ezivamile kodwa zihlukile ngokuphelele kulazo ezibangela ama-cold sores noma ukutheleleka kwasesini.
I-HHV-6 ithatha u-90% wezikhathi ze-roseola. Le virus ivame kakhulu endaweni futhi isabalala kalula kusuka kumuntu kuya komunye ngezintuli zomoya uma umuntu othelelekile ekhokha, ekhala, noma ekhuluma.
I-virus ingasabalala futhi ngesaliva, kungakho ukwabelana ngamakhephu, izitsha, noma amathoyizi kungase kube yimbangela yokudluliselwa. Abantu abadala abaphethe i-virus bangase bangabonisi zimpawu kodwa bangasadlulisela ezinganeni. Lokhu ngokuvamile yindlela izingane ezincane ezithola ngayo ukutheleleka, ngokuvamile ezinzwini zomndeni noma kubalusi abangazi ukuthi baphethe i-virus.
Uma ingane yakho itheleleke, i-virus inenkathi yokukhula yosuku oluyi-5 kuya kwelingu-15 ngaphambi kokuba kuvele izimpawu. Phakathi nalesi sikhathi, i-virus iyanda emzimbeni ngenkathi ingane yakho izizwa iphelele.
Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho wezingane uma ingane yakho ithola ukuqina komkhuhlane, ikakhulukazi uma ineminyaka engaphansi kwezinyanga eziyi-6 noma uma lo ngumkhuhlane wayo wokuqala oqine kakhulu. Nakuba i-roseola ngokuvamile ayinabi ubuthi, ukuqina komkhuhlane ezinganeni ezincane kuhlale kudinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha.
Shaya udokotela wakho ngokushesha uma ingane yakho ihlangabezana nalokhu okulandelayo:
Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo uma ingane yakho inokuhlupheka komkhuhlane, okungase kwenzeke cishe ku-10% kuya ku-15% wezingane ezine-roseola. Lezi zikhathi zokubamba zenzeka ngenxa yokunyuka okusheshayo kobushushu bomzimba futhi ngokuvamile zihlala imizuzu engaphansi kweyi-5.
Izimpawu zokuhlupheka komkhuhlane zihlanganisa ukungazi lutho, ukuzondla kwezandla nezinyawo, ukulahlekelwa ukulawula kwesisu noma esibindini, nokudideka okwesikhashana ngemuva kwalokho. Nakuba kuyesabekisa ukubona, ukuhlupheka komkhuhlane akunakubangela ukulimala okuhlala njalo.
Izici ezithile zenza izingane zibe nethuba elikhulu lokuthola i-roseola, nakuba lesi simo sivamile kangangokuthi izingane eziningi zizohlangana naso kungakhathaliseki izimo zazo.
Ubudala yiyona imbangela enkulu yengozi. Izingane ezineminyaka engu-6 kuya kwengu-2 zivame ukuba sengozini ngoba:
Izingane ezikwi-daycare noma ezinabazalwane abadala zibhekene nezingozi eziphezulu zokubekwa. Lezi zindawo zinikeza amathuba amaningi e-virus yokusabalala ngokuthintana okuqinile namathhoyizi noma izinto ezihlanganyelwe.
Izingane ezingazalwanga ngesikhathi noma ezinohlelo lokulwa nezifo olubuthakathaka zingase zibe sengozini enkulu yezinkinga, nakuba izinkinga ezinkulu zihlala zingekho. Kuyathakazelisa ukuthi, izingane ezinceliswayo zingase zibe nokuvikelwa okuthile kwama-antibodies amama, okungase kulibambeze ukutheleleka kwaze kwaba yilapho zikhulu kancane.
Iphethini yesizini futhi idlala indima, ngezimo ze-roseola ngokuvamile zifinyelela ezingeni eliphezulu entwasahlobo nasekwindla. Kodwa-ke, ukutheleleka kungenzeka nganoma yisiphi isikhathi sonyaka.
Kubantwana abaningi abaphilile, i-roseola ayibangeli izinkinga ezihlala njalo futhi iphela ngokuphelele ngaphakathi kweviki. Kodwa-ke, ukwazi izinkinga ezingase zenzeke kukusiza ukwazi nini okufanele ufunani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okwengeziwe.
Inkinga evamile kakhulu yizikhathi zokubamba komkhuhlane, ezithinta cishe u-10% kuya ku-15% wezingane ezine-roseola. Lezi zikhathi zokubamba zenzeka uma ubushushu bomzimba bunyuka ngokushesha:
Nakuba ukuhlupheka komkhuhlane kubukeka kuyesabekisa, akunakubangela ukulimala okuhlala njalo. Kodwa-ke, noma yiluphi uhlupheko ludinga ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha ukuze kuqale ukubangela ezinye izimbangela.
Izinkinga ezingavamile zingase zihlanganise:
Izingane ezinehlelo lokulwa nezifo olubuthakathaka zibhekene nezingozi ezinkulu, kuhlanganise ne-pneumonia noma ukuvuvukala kwengqondo (encephalitis). Lezi zinkinga ezingavamile zidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo nokungeniswa esibhedlela.
Kubantwana abaphilile, ukukhathazeka okukhulu ngokuvamile ukuphatha ukungakhululeki okuvela emkhulwini oqine nokuqinisekisa ukungeneleli kwamanzi okwanele ngesikhathi sesifo.
Odokotela ngokuvamile baxilonga i-roseola ngokusekelwe ephenini lezimpawu ezibonakalayo kunokuhlolwa okuqondile. Uchungechunge oluqondakalayo lomkhuhlane oqine okulandelelwa yi-rash eqondakalayo kwenza ukuxilongwa kube lula ezimweni eziningi.
Phakathi nesigaba somkhuhlane, udokotela wakho wezingane uzoqhuba ukuhlolwa komzimba okuphelele ukuze kuqale ezinye izimbangela zokukhulu komkhuhlane. Uzohlola izindlebe, umlomo, nesifuba sengane yakho ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi awekho ama-signs okutheleleka kwe-bacteria okungase kudinge ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic.
Ukuhlolwa kwegazi akudingeki ngokuvamile ekuxilongweni kwe-roseola. Kodwa-ke, udokotela wakho angase aku-odere uma:
Ukuxilongwa kuyaqondakala kakhulu uma i-rash eqondakalayo ivele. Isikhathi se-rash - esivele njengoba umkhuhlane uqeda - kanye nokuvela kwayo okuqondakalayo emzimbeni kusiza ukuqinisekisa i-roseola.
Ezimweni ezithile, odokotela bangase basebenzise inqubo yokususa, besusa ezinye izimo ezibangela umkhuhlane ne-rash ezinganeni ezincane. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ukuhlola i-strep throat, ukutheleleka kwezindlebe, noma ezinye izifo ze-viral.
Awekho ukwelashwa okuqondile kwe-antiviral kwe-roseola njengoba kubangelwa yi-virus evame ukuphela ngokwalo. Ukwelashwa kugxile ekuqinisiseni ingane yakho futhi kuphathe izimpawu ngenkathi isistimu yayo yokulwa nezifo ilwa nokutheleleka.
Ukuphathwa komkhuhlane kuyinkinga ephambili phakathi nesigaba sokuqala sesifo:
Ukuqinisisa ingane yakho kubalulekile ngokulinganayo. Nikeza izicucu ezincane zamanzi, ubisi lwebele, noma ifomula. Ama-popsicles noma amajusi ezithelo ahlanzekile angasiza futhi ekuqinisiseni ukungeneleli kwamanzi uma ingane yakho ingathandi ukuphuza amanzi nje.
Izindlela zokunethezeka zingenza umehluko omkhulu endleleni ingane yakho ezizwa ngayo:
Uma i-rash ivele, awekho ukwelashwa okuqondile okudingekayo njengoba ayikhohli noma ayibangeli ukungakhululeki. I-rash izophela ngokwalo ngaphakathi kwezinsuku ezimbalwa.
Ukukhathalela ingane ene-roseola ekhaya kugxile ekunethezekeni, ekuqinisiseni, nasekulandeleni noma yikuphi ukuguquka okukhathazayo. Izingane eziningi zingaphathwa ngokuphepha ekhaya ngokunakekelwa okufanele kokusekela.
Phakathi nesigaba somkhuhlane, landela ubushushu bomzimba bengane yakho njalo futhi uqaphele izimpawu zokulahlekelwa amanzi emzimbeni. Khuthaza ukuphumula nemisebenzi ethulile, njengoba ingane yakho ingase izizwe ikhathele futhi ingabi namandla kunokujwayelekile.
Ukungeneleli kwamanzi kuba yiyona nto ebalulekile phakathi komkhuhlane oqine:
Ukudala indawo ekhululekile kusiza ingane yakho ukuphumula futhi iphulukane kalula. Gcina indlu isefuleleni elifanele futhi cabanga ukusebenzisa i-humidifier ukuze uqede noma yiziphi izimpawu zokuphefumula.
Ukuhlukaniswa akudingeki ngokuphelele uma umkhuhlane uqeda futhi i-rash ivele, njengoba izingane zivame ukutheleleka phakathi nesigaba somkhuhlane. Kodwa-ke, ukugcina ingane yakho ekhaya kwaze kwaba yilapho izizwa ilungile ukuvimbela ukusabalala kwesifo kwezinye izingane.
Qaphela izimpawu zezexwayiso ezidinga ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha, njengomkhuhlane oqine oqhubekayo, izimpawu zokulahlekelwa amanzi emzimbeni, ukuphefumula okuyinselele, noma ukukhathala okukhulu. Themba izinzwa zakho - uma kukhona okubonakala kungalungile, ungangabazi ukuxhumana nodokotela wakho wezingane.
Ukuvimbela i-roseola ngokuphelele cishe akunakwenzeka njengoba izinhlobo ze-virus ezibangela zivame kakhulu endaweni. Kodwa-ke, ungathatha izinyathelo zokunciphisa ingozi yengane yakho yokubekwa nokusekela isistimu yayo yokulwa nezifo.
Imikhuba emihle yokuhlanzeka iyasiza ekuqedeni ukusabalala kwezinhlobo eziningi ze-virus, kuhlanganise nalezo ezibangela i-roseola:
Ukusekela impilo yonke yengane yakho kungasiza isistimu yayo yokulwa nezifo ukuphatha ukutheleleka ngokuphumelelayo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukuqinisekisa ukulala okwanele, ukudla okufanele, nokugcina ubuyekeza ngokuqondile ngezigqoko ezicetyiswayo.
Njengoba abantu abadala bangaphethe futhi badlulisele i-virus ngaphandle kwezimpawu, amalungu omndeni kufanele asebenzise imikhuba emihle yokuhlanzeka ngisho noma ezizwa kahle. Lokhu kubalulekile ikakhulukazi ezinganeni ezincane nezingane ezincane.
Khumbula ukuthi ukubhekana nezinye izinhlobo ze-virus ezivamile njengalezo ezibangela i-roseola empeleni kuwusizo ekwakheni isistimu yokulwa nezifo eqinile. Umgomo awukona ukudala indawo ehlanzekile ngokuphelele kodwa ukunciphisa ukubhekana okungadingekile ngenkathi uvumela ukuthuthuka kwengane okujwayelekile.
Ukulungiselela ukuvakashela udokotela wakho wezingane kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ulwazi oluwusizo kakhulu nokuqondisa ngokunakekelwa kwengane yakho. Ukuba nemininingwane ebalulekile kulungile kungenza i-appointment ibe yiphumelelayo futhi ibe nolwazi.
Ngaphambi kokuya, bhala phansi ulwazi olubalulekile ngezimpawu zengane yakho:
Letha uhlu lwemithi engane yakho eyiphuzayo njalo, kuhlanganise namavithamini noma izongezelelo. Futhi, qaphela noma yikuphi ukubhekana okwenzekile ngesifo noma ukuguquka kwesiko okungase kube yiyona nto ebalulekile.
Lungisa imibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza:
Cabanga ukuletha ilungu lomndeni omethembayo noma umngani wokusekela, ikakhulukazi uma uzizwa ukhathazekile ngesifo sengane yakho. Ukuba nomuntu omdala okhona kungakusiza ukukhumbula ulwazi olubalulekile nemiyalo.
I-Roseola yisifo esivamile, esilula sobuntwana esithinta izingane eziningi eminyakeni engu-2. Nakuba ukuqina komkhuhlane kungase kukhathaze, lesi simo ngokuvamile siyaphela ngokuphelele ngaphakathi kweviki ngaphandle kokubangela izinkinga ezihlala njalo.
Into ebalulekile ukubona iphethini eqondakalayo: izinsuku ezimbalwa zokukhulu komkhuhlane okulandelelwa yi-rash ebomvu evele njengoba umkhuhlane uqeda. Lolu chungechunge lusiza ukwahlukanisa i-roseola kwezinye izifo zobuntwana futhi linikeze ukuqiniseka ukuthi ukuphulukana kuqhubeka.
Gxila ekuqinisiseni ingane yakho ngokuphathwa komkhuhlane okufanele, uqinisekise ukungeneleli kwamanzi okwanele, futhi uqaphele noma yikuphi ukuguquka okukhathazayo. Izingane eziningi zibuyela ngokushesha uma umkhuhlane uqeda futhi zizizwa zilungile kakhulu uma i-rash eqondakalayo ivele.
Themba izinzwa zakho zobazali futhi ungangabazi ukuxhumana nodokotela wakho wezingane uma unokukhathazeka. Nakuba i-roseola ngokuvamile ayinabi ubuthi, ukuqondisa kwezokwelapha okuqeqeshwe kunikeza ukuzola kwengqondo futhi kuqinisekise ukuthi ingane yakho ithola ukunakekelwa okufanele kulo lonke ubuhlungu bayo.
Abantu abadala abavami ukuthola i-roseola ngoba abantu abaningi babhekana ne-virus ngesikhathi sobuntwana futhi bathola ukuvikelwa. Kodwa-ke, abantu abadala abanehlelo lokulwa nezifo olubuthakathaka bangase bathole ukutheleleka ngezinye izikhathi. Uma kwenzeka kubantu abadala, izimpawu ngokuvamile zibuthakathaka kunasezinganeni.
Yebo, i-roseola iyadluliselwa, kodwa izingane zivame ukutheleleka phakathi nesigaba somkhuhlane ngaphambi kokuba i-rash ivele. Uma i-rash eqondakalayo ivele, ngokuvamile azisadluliselwa. I-virus isabalala ngezintuli zomoya nesaliva, ngakho ukusondelana okuqinile kukhuthaza ingozi yokudluliselwa.
Kungenzeka kodwa akuvamile izingane zithole i-roseola kabili. Njengoba lesi simo singabangelwa izinhlobo ezimbili ze-virus (HHV-6 ne-HHV-7), ingane ingase ibe ne-roseola kusuka kuzo zombili izinhlobo ze-virus. Kodwa-ke, izingane eziningi zithola ukuvikelwa ngemuva kokutheleleka kwazo kokuqala.
Isikhathi se-rash yiyona nto ebalulekile - ivele ngaphakathi kwamahora angu-24 ngemuva kokuba umkhuhlane uqede futhi ngokuvamile iqala esifubeni nasemuva. Ama-spots amancane, abomvu, futhi awakhohli. Kodwa-ke, udokotela kuphela ongaqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwe-roseola, ngakho-ke xhumana nodokotela wakho wezingane uma ungaqiniseki.
Nakuba izikhathi zokubamba komkhuhlane zingase zenzeke ngenxa yomkhuhlane oqine we-roseola, ngokuvamile ziyimfushane futhi azibangeli ukulimala okuhlala njalo. Kodwa-ke, noma yiluphi uhlupheko ludinga ukuhlolwa kwezokwelapha okusheshayo. Ungasiza ukuvimbela izikhathi zokubamba komkhuhlane ngokuphatha umkhuhlane ngokushesha ngemithi efanele nokugcina ingane yakho ikhululekile.