Uthola Lwe-Scarlet Fever? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelapha

Uthola lwe-scarlet fever luyisifo esibangelwa yibhaktheriya elibangela ukukhishwa okubomvu okukhethekile nokuqhuma kwemikhawulo, ikakhulukazi kubantwana abaneminyaka eyi-5 kuya kweyi-15. Nakuba igama lingase lizwakale liyesabekayo, lesi simo siphatheka kalula ngama-antibiotic futhi kancane kakhulu siholela ezingxabanweni ezinzima uma sibanjwe ngokushesha.

Ukutheleleka kuvela lapho ibhaktheriya leqembu A Streptococcus (izimbungulu ezifanayo ezibangela ubuhlungu bomphimbo) likhipha ama-toxins emzimbeni wakho. La ma-toxins aqubuka ukukhishwa okufana ne-sandpaper okunika i-scarlet fever igama layo.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-scarlet fever?

Izimpawu ze-scarlet fever zivame ukuvela ezinsukwini eziyi-1 kuya kwezi-4 ngemuva kokubekwa ebhaktheriyani. Ubuhlungu buqala ngokuzumayo ngomkhuhlane nobuhlungu bomphimbo, kulandele ukukhishwa okubonakalayo phakathi kwamahora angu-12 kuya kwangu-48.

Nazi izimpawu ezibalulekile okufanele uzibheke, uqale ngezimpawu ezivamile:

• Ukukhishwa okubomvu, okufana ne-sandpaper: Lokhu kukhishwa okuqondayo kuvame ukuqala esifubeni nasemathunjini, bese kusakazeka kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Kuzwakala kuqina uma kuthintwa futhi kungase kubukeke njengokushisa kwelanga ngama-bumps amancane.
• Umkhuhlane ophezulu: Ngokuvamile 101°F (38.3°C) noma ngaphezulu, ngezinye izikhathi uhambisana nokuthandaza.
• Ubuhlungu bomphimbo: Ngokuvamile obukhulu, ngokuvamile kunzima ukugwinya.
• Ulimi lwe-strawberry: Ulimi lwakho lungase lube bomvu futhi lube nama-bumps, lufana ne-strawberry.
• Ama-lymph nodes avuvukile: Ikakhulukazi endaweni yentamo.
• Izinhlungu zikhanda nezinhlungu zomzimba: Ukuzizwa okuvamile kokungaphili kahle.
• Ukuphefumula nokugabha: Kuvame kakhulu kubantwana abancinyane.

Ukukhishwa kuvame ukuwohloka ngemuva kweviki elilodwa, futhi ungase uqaphele ukukhipha kwesikhumba, ikakhulukazi ezinzwini nasezinzwini. Lokhu kukhipha kuyinto evamile futhi kuyinqubo yokwelapha.

Ngokungavamile, abanye abantu baba nobuhlungu besisu, ukwehluleka kokudla, noma imigqa ebomvu ezikhefini zesikhumba (okubizwa ngokuthi yi-Pastia's lines). Lezi zimpawu zivame ukuqeda njengoba ukutheleleka kuqeda.

Yini ebangela i-scarlet fever?

I-scarlet fever ibangelwa yibhaktheriya leqembu A Streptococcus, ikakhulukazi izinhlobo eziveza i-toxin ebizwa ngokuthi yi-erythrogenic toxin. Le toxin yiyona ebangela ukukhishwa okubonakalayo futhi ihlukanisa i-scarlet fever ekhanda lomphimbo oluvamile.

Ibhaktheriya isakazeka ngama-droplets omphefumulo lapho umuntu othelelekile ekhwehlela, ethandaza, noma ekhuluma. Ungayibamba futhi ngokuthinta izinto ezine-droplets futhi uthinte umlomo wakho, iphango, noma amehlo.

Ukuthintana eduze nabantu abathelelekile kukhulisa ingozi yakho kakhulu. Kungakho i-scarlet fever ivame ukusakazeka ezikoleni, ezikhungweni zokunakekela izingane, nasemakhaya lapho abantu beseduze khona.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi akuwona wonke umuntu otholwa yikhanda lomphimbo ozoba ne-scarlet fever. Udinga ukutheleleka ngohlobo oluthile lwe-streptococcus oluveza i-toxin ebangela ukukhishwa, futhi umzimba wakho udinga ukuba utholakala kulowo toxin.

Nini okufanele ubheke udokotela nge-scarlet fever?

Kufanele uxhumane nodokotela wakho uma wena noma ingane yakho inezimpawu ezifana ne-scarlet fever, ikakhulukazi ukuxuba komkhuhlane, ubuhlungu bomphimbo, nokukhishwa. Ukwelashwa ngokushesha ngama-antibiotic kungavimbela izingxabanweni futhi kunciphisa isikhathi esiyisifo.

Funani ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha uma uqaphela noma yiziphi izimpawu zezixwayiso ezilandelayo:

• Ukuphefumula noma ukugwinya okunzima.
• Izinhlungu zikhanda ezinkulu noma ubunzima bentamo.
• Umkhuhlane ophezulu oqhubekayo ongaphumeleli ezikhipha umkhuhlane.
• Izimpawu zokulahlekelwa amanzi (ukukhathazeka, umlomo owomile, ukungaphuzi kancane noma akukho ukungaphuzi).
• Izimpawu ezibi nakuba ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic.

Ungalindi ukubona uma izimpawu ziphucuka zodwa. I-scarlet fever idinga ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic ukuvimbela izingxabanweni ezingaba khona nokuvimbela ukusakazeka kwabanye.

Ziyini izimbangela zengozi ze-scarlet fever?

Izici ezithile zingakhuphula amathuba akho okuba ne-scarlet fever, nakuba noma ubani angatheleleka uma ebekwa ebhaktheriya. Ukuqonda lezi zici zengozi kungakusiza ukuthi uthathe izinyathelo ezifanele.

Izimbangela zengozi ezibaluleke kakhulu zihlanganisa:

• Ubudala: Abantwana abaneminyaka eyi-5 kuya kweyi-15 bavame ukutheleleka.
• Izindawo zokuthintana eduze: Ukuba ezikoleni, ezikhungweni zokunakekela izingane, noma ezikhathini ezihlala zibanzi.
• Isikhathi sesizini: Kuvame kakhulu ekupheleni kokutshona kwelanga, ebusika, nasekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo.
• Uhlelo lwezimbongolo olubuthakathaka: Ngenxa yesifo, imithi, noma ezinye izimo zezempilo.
• Ukutheleleka kwangaphambili kwe-strep: Ukuba ne-strep throat muva nje.

Abantu abadala ngokuqinisekile bangathola i-scarlet fever, kodwa akuvamile. Abazali nabantu abanakela abantwana abathelelekile basengozini enkulu ngenxa yokuthintana eduze ngesikhathi sokukhathalela.

I-geography nayo ingadlala indima, njengoba i-scarlet fever ivame ukuba khona emazweni athile noma ngesikhathi sezikhathi zokuphahlazeka emiphakathini.

Ziyini izingxabanweni ezingaba khona ze-scarlet fever?

Uma ikwelashwa ngokushesha ngama-antibiotic, i-scarlet fever kancane kakhulu iholela ezingxabanweni ezinzima. Noma kunjalo, uma ingaphathwa noma uma ukwelashwa kulibaziseka, ukutheleleka kungasakazeka kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba.

Nazi izingxabanweni ezingaba khona, nakuba zingavamile ngokwelashwa okuqondile:

• Uthola lwe-rheumatic fever: Isimo esinzima esingathinta inhliziyo, izintambo, ubuchopho, nesikhumba.
• Izinkinga zezinkulungwane: Kuhlanganise ne-post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis.
• Ukutheleleka kwezindlebe ne-sinus: Ibhaktheriya ingasakazeka ezindaweni eziseduze.
• I-pneumonia: Uma ukutheleleka kusakazeka emaphashini.
• Ukwenziwa kwe-abscess: Ama-pockets okutheleleka ehlombe noma ezicini ezizungezile.

Ngokungavamile kakhulu, izimo ezinzima zingabangela i-toxic shock syndrome noma i-necrotizing fasciitis, kodwa lezi azivamile uma ukutheleleka kubanjwe futhi kuphathwe ngokushesha.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi lezi zingxabanweni zivimbeka kakhulu ngokwelashwa ngama-antibiotic ngesikhathi, kungakho ukuxilongwa nokwelashwa ngokushesha kubaluleke kakhulu.

I-scarlet fever ixilongwa kanjani?

Udokotela wakho ngokuvamile uzoxilonga i-scarlet fever ngokusekelwe ezimpawu zakho nokukhekelwa komzimba. Ukuxuba komkhuhlane, ubuhlungu bomphimbo, nokukhishwa okuqondayo kuvame ukwenza ukuxilongwa kube lula.

Ngesikhathi sokuvakasha kwakho, umhlinzeki wakho wezempilo uzohlola umphimbo wakho, azizwe ama-lymph nodes avuvukile, futhi abheke ngokucophelela ukukhishwa. Bazogxila kakhulu olimi lwakho nokuqina kokukhishwa.

Ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa, udokotela wakho cishe uzokwenza i-rapid strep test noma ukukhiqizwa komphimbo. Lezi zivivinyo zihlanganisa ukususa umphimbo ngemuva komphimbo wakho ukuhlola ibhaktheriya leqembu A Streptococcus.

Ivivinyo eliqondile linikeza imiphumela ngaphakathi kwamaminithi, kuyilapho ukukhiqizwa komphimbo kuthatha amahora angu-24 kuya kwangu-48 kodwa kunenqubo.

Ngezinye izikhathi, udokotela wakho angase ayalele ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuhlola izingxabanweni noma ukuvala ezinye izimo ezingabangela izimpawu ezifanayo.

Ukuphathwa kwe-scarlet fever kuyini?

I-scarlet fever iwelashwa ngama-antibiotic, abulala ngokuphumelelayo ibhaktheriya ebangela ukutheleleka. I-Penicillin ngokuvamile iyilona antibiotic lokuqala, elinikezwa ngomlomo noma ngokuqhuma.

Uma unayo i-allergy ku-penicillin, udokotela wakho uzokunika ama-antibiotic ahlukile njenge-erythromycin, i-clindamycin, noma i-azithromycin. Le miyekezo isebenza ngokulinganayo ekwelapheni ukutheleleka.

Kubalulekile ukuthatha yonke inkambo yama-antibiotic njengoba kulotshwe, ngisho noma uqala ukuzizwa kangcono ngaphambi kokuphela komuthi. Ukumisa ngokushesha kungabangela ukutheleleka ukubuyela noma ukuthuthukisa ukungaphili kahle kwama-antibiotic.

Abantu abaningi baqala ukuzizwa kangcono phakathi kwamahora angu-24 kuya kwangu-48 ngemuva kokuqala ama-antibiotic. Ngokuvamile ngeke usasakaze ngemuva kwamahora angu-24 okwelashwa ngama-antibiotic.

Kanye nama-antibiotic, udokotela wakho angase akhuthaze ukunakekelwa okusekela ukuze akusize uphathe izimpawu futhi uthuthukise ukwelapha.

Ungaphatha kanjani i-scarlet fever ekhaya?

Nakuba ama-antibiotic ayilona ukwelashwa okuyinhloko, izindlela eziningi zokunakekelwa ekhaya zingakusiza uzizwe ukhululekile ngesikhathi sokuphulukisa. Lezi zindlela zokwelapha ezisekelayo zisebenza kanye nomuthi wakho olotshiwe ukuze zithambise izimpawu.

Nazi izindlela ezisebenzayo zokuphatha izimpawu ekhaya:

• Hlala unamanzi: Phuza amanzi amaningi njengamanzi, i-broth efudumele, noma itiye lezimila ukuvimbela ukuncipha kwamanzi.
• Phumula: Thola ubuthongo obuningi ukuze usize umzimba wakho ulwe nokutheleleka.
• Ukululama kobuhlungu: Sebenzisa i-acetaminophen noma i-ibuprofen ukuze unciphise umkhuhlane futhi uthambise ubuhlungu bomphimbo.
• Ukululama komphimbo: Gwinya ngamanzi ashisayo ane-salt noma umemezele ama-lozenges omhlane.
• Ukudla okuthambile: Dlala ukudla okuthambile, okupholisa njenge-ice cream, ama-smoothies, noma usoso uma ukugwinya kunzima.
• Umoya ofudumele: Sebenzisa i-humidifier noma uphefumule umusi ovela eshawa eshisayo ukuze uthambise umhlane wakho.

Zibambe wena uqobo kubanye kuze kube yilapho usuvele uthathe ama-antibiotic okungenani amahora angu-24 ukuvimbela ukusakazeka kokutheleleka. Geza izandla zakho njalo futhi ugweme ukwabelana ngezinto zakho siqu.

Ukukhishwa kungase kube lukhuni, kodwa zama ukungakugqoki. Ama-compresses apholile noma i-calamine lotion angasiza ekuthambiseni ukukhishwa uma kudingeka.

I-scarlet fever ingavimbeka kanjani?

Nakuba ayikho imithi ye-scarlet fever, ungathatha izinyathelo eziningana ukuze unciphise ingozi yokutheleleka. Izindlela ezinhle zokuhlambalaza ziyindlela yakho engcono kakhulu yokulwa nebhaktheriya ebangela lesi sifo.

Nazi izindlela ezisebenzayo zokuvimbela:

• Geza izandla njalo: Sebenzisa insipho namanzi okungenani imizuzwana engu-20, ikakhulukazi ngaphambi kokudla nangemuva kokukhwehlela noma ukuthandaza.
• Gwema ukuthintana eduze: Hlala kude nabantu abanokhanda lomphimbo noma i-scarlet fever.
• Ungabelani ngezinto zakho siqu: Gwema ukwabelana ngamakhephu, izitsha, amabhrashi amazinyo, noma ama-towels.
• Vala ukukhwehlela nokuthandaza: Sebenzisa ithishu noma ihlombe lakho, hhayi izandla zakho.
• Hlambulula izinto: Njalo uhlanza izinto ezithintwa njalo njenge-doorknobs namafoni.
• Hlala ekhaya uma usisifo: Gcina abantwana ekhaya esikoleni futhi ugweme umsebenzi uma unezimpawu.

Uma othile ekhaya lakho ene-scarlet fever, geza izitsha zakhe, izingubo, nama-bedding ngamanzi ashisayo. Cabanga ukusebenzisa izitsha nama-cups okukhipha kuze kube yilapho esengasakabi yisifo.

Ukugcina impilo enhle ngokudla okuqondile, ubuthongo obanele, nokuzivocavoca okuvamile kungasiza futhi ekuqinisweni kohlelo lwakho lokulwa nezifo.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani i-appointment yakho yodokotela?

Ukuba ulungile nge-appointment yakho kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukuxilongwa okuqondile nokuphathwa okuqondile. Ukuba nolwazi oluqondile kulungile kuzokusiza udokotela wakho enze izinqumo zokwelapha ezinhle kakhulu.

Ngaphambi kokuvakasha kwakho, bhala phansi lapho izimpawu zaqala khona nokuthi ziye zaphucuka kanjani. Qaphela ukuhleleka lapho izimpawu zivele khona, njengoba lokhu kungasiza ekuxilongweni.

Letha uhlu lwemithi oyithathayo njengamanje, kuhlanganise nemithi yokuthengisa ngaphandle kokubhalwa komuthi kanye nezinye izinto. Khumbula noma yiziphi i-allergies ozikwaziyo, ikakhulukazi kuma-antibiotic.

Lungela ukuxoxa ngokubekwa muva nje kunoma ubani one-strep throat noma izimpawu ezifanayo. Lokhu kuhlanganisa amalungu omndeni, abafundi, noma abasebenzi abangase babe besisifo.

Lungisa imibuzo ofuna ukuyibuza, njengokuthi uzoba yisifo isikhathi esingakanani, nini ongabuyela emsebenzini noma esikoleni, nezibonakaliso zezixwayiso okufanele uzibheke ngesikhathi sokuphulukisa.

Iyini into ebalulekile mayelana ne-scarlet fever?

I-scarlet fever iyisifo esiphatheka kalula esibangelwa yibhaktheriya esiphendula kahle kuma-antibiotic uma sibanjwe ngokushesha. Nakuba igama lingase lizwakale liyesabekayo, empeleni lilawuleka kahle ngokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha okuqondile.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi ukwelashwa ngokushesha kuvimbela izingxabanweni futhi kunciphisa isikhathi esiyisifo kwabanye. Unganqikazi ukuxhumana nodokotela wakho uma uqaphela ukuxuba okuqondayo komkhuhlane, ubuhlungu bomphimbo, nokukhishwa.

Ngokwelashwa okuqondile kwama-antibiotic, abantu abaningi bayaphuka ngokuphelele phakathi neveki noma ezimbili. Ikhona ukufuna ukunakekelwa kwezokwelapha ngokushesha nokulandela uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha njengoba kulotshiwe.

Khumbula ukuthi i-scarlet fever ingavimbeka ngezindlela ezinhle zokuhlambalaza, futhi ukuhlala ekhaya uma usisifo kusiza ekuvikeleni umphakathi wakho ekusakazeni kokutheleleka.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwa mayelana ne-scarlet fever

Q1: Ingabe i-scarlet fever iyisifo esisakazekayo, futhi isikhathi esingakanani?

Yebo, i-scarlet fever iyisifo esisakazekayo kakhulu futhi isakazeka ngama-droplets omphefumulo lapho abantu abathelelekile bekukhwehlela, bethandaza, noma bekhuluma. Uvame ukusakaza lapho une-fever futhi phakathi kwezinsuku ezimbalwa zokuqala zesifo. Uma uqala ukuthatha ama-antibiotic, ngokuvamile uba ungasakabi yisifo phakathi kwamahora angu-24, nakuba kufanele uqede yonke inkambo yemithi.

Q2: Ingabe abantu abadala bangathola i-scarlet fever, noma yisifo sabantwana kuphela?

Abantu abadala ngokuqinisekile bangathola i-scarlet fever, nakuba ivame kakhulu kubantwana abaneminyaka eyi-5 kuya kweyi-15. Abantu abadala abatholakala yi-scarlet fever bavame ukuba nezimpawu ezifanayo nabantwana, kodwa ubuhlungu bungase bube buthambile. Abazali abanakela abantwana abathelelekile basengozini enkulu ngenxa yokuthintana eduze ngesikhathi sokukhathalela.

Q3: I-scarlet fever ihluke kanjani ekhanda lomphimbo?

I-scarlet fever ne-strep throat zombili zibangelwa yibhaktheriya leqembu A Streptococcus, kodwa i-scarlet fever ivela lapho ibhaktheriya iveza i-toxin ethile ebangela ukukhishwa okubomvu okuqondayo. Ngokuyisisekelo, i-scarlet fever yikhanda lomphimbo kanye nokukhishwa. Zombili izimo zidinga ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotic futhi zinezimpawu ezifanayo njengomkhuhlane nobuhlungu bomphimbo.

Q4: Ingabe ukukhishwa kwe-scarlet fever kuzoshiya amamaki ahlala njalo?

Ukukhishwa kwe-scarlet fever ngokuvamile akushiyi amamaki noma ama-scars ahlala njalo. Ngemuva kokuba ukukhishwa kuwohloke (ngokuvamile ngaphakathi neveki), ungase uqaphele ukukhipha kwesikhumba, ikakhulukazi ezinzwini nasezinzwini. Lokhu kukhipha kuyinto evamile futhi kuyinqubo yokwelapha. Isikumba esingezansi sizoba siphilile futhi sibonakale siqondile.

Q5: Ungathola i-scarlet fever ngaphezulu kwesikhathi esisodwa?

Yebo, kungenzeka ukuthola i-scarlet fever ngaphezulu kwesikhathi esisodwa, nakuba kungavamile. Lokhu kungenzeka ngoba kukhona izinhlobo ezahlukene zebhaktheriya leqembu A Streptococcus eziveza ama-toxins ahlukene. Ukuba ne-scarlet fever kanye akunikela ngokuphelele ekuvikelweni kwazo zonke izinhlobo, kodwa ukutheleleka okuphindaphindayo ngokuvamile kubuthambile kunelokokuqala.