Ubuhlungu Bomlomo

Ubuhlungu bomphimbo yilokhu kubhlungu, ukukroba noma ukuvuvukala komphimbo okuvame ukuba sibi uma uginya. Imbangela evamile kakhulu yobhlungu lomphimbo (ipharyngitis) iwukutheleleka yi-viral, njengokubanda noma isifo sikagciwane. Ubuhlungu bomphimbo obubangelwa yi-viral buyaphela ngokwalo.

Isifo sikagciwane somphimbo (ukutheleleka kwe-streptococcal), uhlobo olungavamile lobuhlungu bomphimbo obubangelwa yibhaktheriya, ludinga ukwelashwa ngama-antibiotics ukuvimbela izinkinga. Ezinye izimbangela ezingavamile zokubhlungu komphimbo zingadinga ukwelashwa okunzima.

Izimpawu zokubeletha okubuhlungu zingase zihluke kuye ngokuthi yini elibangayo. Izimpawu nezimpawu zingafaka:

• Ubuhlungu noma ukuzwakala okukroba entanyeni
• Ubuhlungu obukhulu lapho uginya noma ukhuluma
• Ukukhuluphala ukugwinya
• Amaqanda abhlungu, avuvukile entanyeni yakho noma eceleni lomlomo
• Amathoni avuvukile, abomvu
• Amaqhaga amhlophe noma i-pus emathonini akho
• Izwi elihlwithiwe noma elivaliwe

Thatha ingane yakho kudokotela uma ubuhlungu bomphimbo lwengane yakho lungapheli ngesiphuzo sokuqala ekuseni, kunconywa yi-American Academy of Pediatrics.

Thola ukunakekelwa okusheshayo uma ingane yakho inazo izimpawu ezinzima ezifana nalezi:

• Ukuphefumula okuqine
• Ukugwinya okuqine
• Ukukhipha umalobolo ongajwayelekile, okungase kubonise ukungakwazi ukugwinya

Uma ungumuntu omdala, bona udokotela wakho uma unebuhlungu bomphimbo nanoma yiziphi izinkinga ezihambisana nazo ezilandelayo, ngokusho kwe-American Academy of Otolaryngology — Head and Neck Surgery:

• Ubuhlungu bomphimbo obukhulu noma obuhlala isikhathi esingaphezu kweviki
• Ukugwinya okuqine
• Ukuphefumula okuqine
• Ukukhuluphala komlomo okuqine
• Ubuhlungu bezingxenye zomzimba
• Ubuhlungu lwendlebe
• Isiboshwa
• Ukuqhuma komkhuhlane okuphezulu kuka-101 F (38.3 C)
• Igazi emathunjini akho noma e-phlegm
• Ubuhlungu bomphimbo obuphindaphindayo njalo
• Isibopho entanyeni yakho
• Ukukhuluphala komlomo okuphezu kwamasonto amabili
• Ukukhuluphala entanyeni yakho noma ebusweni

Ama-virus abangela ukubanda okuvamile kanye ne-influenza nawo abangela ukubhlungu kwezinhlungu eziningi. Ngokuncane, ukutheleleka kwezibhaktheriya kubangela ukubhlungu kwezinhlungu.

Nakuba noma ubani angaba nobuhlungu bohlangothi, izici ezithile zikwenza ube sengozini kakhulu, okuhlanganisa:

• Ubudala. Abantwana nabasakhulayo banesilinganiso esiphezulu sokuba nobuhlungu bohlangothi. Abantwana abaneminyaka eyi-3 kuya kweyi-15 banesilinganiso esiphezulu sokuba ne-strep throat, ukutheleleka okubangelwa yibhaktheriya okuvamile okuhlotshaniswa nobuhlungu bohlangothi.
• Ukuvezwa ukutshaya utshaba. Ukutshaya nokutshaya utshaba olukhishwayo kungathukuthelisa uhlangothi. Ukusetshenziswa kwemikhiqizo yetshaba futhi kukhuphula ingozi yamala eceleni, uhlangothi, nebhokisi lezwi.
• Ukwehluleka. Ukwehluleka kwesizini noma ukwehluleka okuqhubekayo kokungazizwa kahle okubangelwa yiluthuli, amagciwane noma uboya bezilwane kwenza kube lula ukuthuthukisa ubuhlungu bohlangothi.
• Ukuvezwa ezintweni ezikhukhumezayo ezikhemikhali. Izingcezu zomoya ezivela ekushiseni kwezinto ezikhukhumezayo zamalahle kanye nezikhemikhali zasekhaya eziqhelile zingabangela ukuthukutheliswa kohlangothi.
• Ukutheleleka okuqhubekayo noma okuvamile kwesinuses. Ukugeleza ekhaleni lakho kungathukuthelisa uhlangothi lwakho noma kusakaze ukutheleleka.
• Izindawo ezivaliwe. Ukutheleleka okubangelwa yi-viral ne-bacterial kusakazeka kalula noma kuphi lapho abantu bebuthene khona, kungaba ezikhungweni zokunakekelwa kwabantwana, amakilasi, ama-ofisi noma izindiza.
• Ukuqina okubuhlungu. Uba sengozini kakhulu yokutheleleka uma ukumelana kwakho kuphansi. Izimbangela ezivamile zokunciphisa ukuqina zihlanganisa i-HIV, isifo sikashukela, ukwelashwa ngama-steroids noma imithi ye-chemotherapy, ukucindezeleka, ukukhathala, nokudla okungalungile.

Indlela engcono kakhulu yokuvimbela ukuhlunguluka komlomo ukuqeda amagciwane abangela futhi ulondoloze ukuhlanzeka okuhle. Landela lezi zeluleko ufunde ingane yakho ukwenza okufanayo:

• Geza izandla zakho ngokuphelele njalo okungenani imizuzwana engama-20, ikakhulukazi ngemva kokusebenzisa indawo yokuphumula, ngaphambi nangemuva kokudla, nangemva kokuhlokoma noma ukukhokha.
• Gwema ukuthinta ubuso bakho. Gwema ukuthinta amehlo, khona, noma umlomo wakho.
• Gwema ukwabelana ukudla, iziglasi zokuphapha noma izitsha.
• Khokha noma uhlokoma esitsheni bese usilahla, bese ugeza izandla zakho. Uma kunesidingo, khokha ehlombe lakho.
• Sebenzisa izicwili zezandla ezisekelwe e-alchoholi njengendlela ehlukile yokugeza izandla uma isibane namanzi kungatholakali.
• Gwema ukuthinta amafoni omphakathi noma imithombo yamanzi ngomlomo wakho.
• Hlanza njalo futhi ukhanyise amafoni, izinkinobho zezinyango, izikhiphi zokukhanya, ama-remotes nama-keyboard e-computer. Uma uhamba, hlanza amafoni, izikhiphi zokukhanya nama-remotes ekamelweni lakho lehotele.
• Gwema ukusondelana nabantu abagulayo noma abanempawu.

Udokotela wakho noma udokotela wezingane zakho angase ahlole izimpawu nembali yezokwelapha. Angase enze ukuhlolwa komzimba okuhlanganisa:

Ezimweni eziningi, odokotela basebenzisa izivivinyo ezilula ukuthola i-streptococcal bacteria, imbangela ye-strep throat. Udokotela ufafaza i-swab ehlanzekile ngemuva komlomo ukuze uthole isampula yezinto eziphumayo bese uthumela isampula elabhorethri ukuze ihlolwe. Ama-clinic amaningi anelabhorethri engathola umphumela we-rapid antigen test ngaphakathi kwemizuzu embalwa. Noma kunjalo, izivivinyo yesibili, elivame ukuthembekeka kakhulu, elibizwa ngokuthi yi-throat culture, ngezinye izikhathi lithunyelwa elabhorethri ebuyisa imiphumela ngaphakathi kwamahora angu-24 kuya kwangu-48.

I-rapid antigen tests ayinawo ubukhulu, yize ingakwazi ukuthola i-strep bacteria ngokushesha. Ngenxa yalokhu, udokotela angathumela i-throat culture elabhorethri ukuze ahlole i-strep throat uma i-antigen test ibuya ingalungile.

Ezimweni ezithile, odokotela bangase basebenzise i-molecular test ukuthola i-streptococcal bacteria. Kuloluvivinyo, udokotela ufafaza i-swab ehlanzekile ngemuva komlomo ukuze uthole isampula yezinto eziphumayo. Isampula ihlolwa elabhorethri. Udokotela wakho noma udokotela wezingane zakho angase abe nemiphumela eqondile ngaphakathi kwemizuzu embalwa.

• Ukusebenzisa ithuluzi elikhanyayo ukubuka umlomo, futhi cishe izindlebe nezinsimbi zekhala
• Ukucindezela kancane intamo ukuze uhlole ama-glands avuvukile (ama-lymph nodes)
• Ukulalela ukuphefumula kwakho noma kwezingane zakho nge-stethoscope

Ubuhlungu bomphimbo obubangelwa ukutheleleka nge-viral kuvame ukuhlala izinsuku ezinhlanu kuya kweziyisikhombisa futhi ngokuvamile aludingi ukwelashwa ngokonyango. Ama-antibiotic awasizi ekwelapheni ukutheleleka kwe-viral.

Ukuqeda ubuhlungu nobanga lokushisa, abantu abaningi bagxila ku-acetaminophen (Tylenol, nabanye) noma ezinye izinyathelo zokunciphisa ubuhlungu obukhulu.

Cabanga ngokuhlinzeka ingane yakho ngemithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu ethengiswa ngaphandle komthetho, eyenzelwe izingane ezincane noma izingane, njenge-acetaminophen (i-Children's Tylenol, i-FeverAll, nabanye) noma i-ibuprofen (i-Children's Advil, i-Children's Motrin, nabanye), ukuze kwenziwe kube lula izimpawu.

Ungalokothi unike i-aspirin izingane noma intsha ngoba ihlanganiswe ne-Reye's syndrome, isimo esingavamile kodwa esingabeka impilo engozini esibangela ukukhula kwesibindi nobuchopho.

Uma ubuhlungu bomphimbo bakho noma bengane yakho bubangelwa ukutheleleka kwe-bacterial, udokotela wakho noma udokotela wezingane uzokunikeza ama-antibiotic.

Wena noma ingane yakho kufanele nithathe ikhosi ephelele yama-antibiotic njengoba kulotshwe ngisho noma izimpawu sezihamba. Ukwehluleka ukuthatha yonke imithi njengoba kuqondiswe kungabangela ukuba ukutheleleka kubi kakhulu noma kusakazeke kwamanye amalunga omzimba.

Ukungaphelelisi ikhosi ephelele yama-antibiotic ukwelapha ubuhlungu bomphimbo obubangelwa yi-strep kungandisa ingozi yengane yokuba ne-rheumatic fever noma ukutheleleka okukhulu kwesibindi.

Khuluma nodokotela wakho noma umthengisi wemithi mayelana nokuthi yini okufanele uyenze uma ukhohlwe umthamo.

Uma ubuhlungu bomphimbo luyisibonakaliso sesimo esingeyona ukutheleleka kwe-viral noma kwe-bacterial, eminye imithi cishe izocatshangelwa kuye ngokuxilongwa.