Ukuthini i-Spina Bifida? Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelashwa

I-Spina bifida yisimo sokuzalwa lapho umgogodla ungakhiwa ngokuphelele ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho i-neural tube, eba yi-spinal cord nobuchopho, ingavalwa kahle ngenyanga yokuqala yokukhulelwa.

Igama ngokwalo lisho ukuthi "umgogodla oqhekekile" ngesiLatini. Nakuba lokhu kungase kuzwakale kukhulu, abantu abaningi abane-spina bifida baphila impilo egcwele, esebenzayo ngenxa yokunakekelwa kwemithi efanele nokwesekwa. Isimo sihlupha umuntu ngamunye ngokuhlukile, kusukela ezigamekweni ezilula kakhulu ongasazibona kuze kube yizimo eziyinkimbinkimbi ezidinga ukunakekelwa okuqhubekayo.

Ziyini izinhlobo ze-Spina Bifida?

Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko ze-spina bifida, ngayinye ihlupha umgogodla ngokuhlukile. Ukuqonda lezi zinhlobo kusiza ekuchazeni ukuthi kungani izimpawu zihluka kakhulu kumuntu ngamunye.

I-Spina bifida occulta yilona uhlobo olukhulu. Lapha, kukhona isikhala esincane emgogodleni, kodwa i-spinal cord nezinzwa zivamise ukuba njengoba kunjalo. Abantu abaningi abazi ngisho ukuthi bayina ngoba ayivamise ukubangela izinkinga. Ungase uyithole kuphela ngesikhathi se-X-ray ngenye into.

I-Meningocele ihilela isikhwama somthombo ocindezela ngesikhala emgogodleni. I-spinal cord ngokwayo ihlala endaweni, kungakho lo msuka uvame ukubangela izinkinga ezincane. Isikhwama sibonakala njengobunono emuva abagqirha abangakwazi ukuyilungisa ngokuhlinzwa.

I-Myelomeningocele yilona uhlobo olukhulu kunazo zonke. Kokubili i-spinal cord nezinzwa zicindezela ngesikhala, zidala isikhwama emuva. Lolu hlobo ngokuvamile lubangela inselele enkulu kakhulu ngoba i-spinal cord evezwe ingalimazeka.

Ziyini izimpawu ze-Spina Bifida?

Izimpawu ongazenza zixhomeke ngokuphelele ekutheni uhlobo luni lwe-spina bifida umuntu anayo nokuthi luphi emgogodleni. Ake ngihambe nawe ngalokho imindeni evame ukukubona.

Nge-spina bifida occulta, izimpawu ngokuvamile ziyamboza noma azikho nhlobo. Abanye abantu bangaba ne-dimple encane, isigamu sezinwele, noma uphawu lokuzalwa phezu kwendawo yomgogodla lapho isikhala sikhiqizwa khona. Abantu abaningi abalolu hlobo baphila impilo evamile ngaphandle kwanoma yiziphi izinkinga.

Ngo-meningocele, uphawu olucacile kakhulu yisiphango esifana nesikhwama emuva, ngokuvamile sihlanganiswe yi-skin. Ukuhamba nokulawula kwesisu ngokuvamile kuyajwayelekile, nakuba abanye abantu bangase babe nezinkinga ezincane zokuxhumanisa noma ukungafani kokufunda.

I-Myelomeningocele ibonisa izimpawu ezibonakalayo kakhulu imindeni evame ukuzibona ngokushesha. Lezi zingase zihlanganise ubuthakathaka noma ukungakwazi ukuhamba ezinyaweni, ukungakwazi ukulawula isiphuzo nesisu, nobunzima bokuhamba. Izinga lomgogodla lapho isikhala senzeka khona linquma ukuthi imisebenzi yini eyahlushwa.

Abanye abantwana abanezigameko ezinzima kakhulu bangase babe ne-hydrocephalus, lapho umthombo wakha khona ebuchosheni. Lokhu kungase kubangele ikhanda ukuba libonakale likhulu kunokujwayelekile futhi kungase kuhluphe ukufunda nokuthuthuka.

Yini ebangela i-Spina Bifida?

I-Spina bifida iyenzeka lapho i-neural tube ingavalwa kahle ngenyanga yokuqala yokukhulelwa, ngokuvamile ngaphambi kokuba abesifazane abaningi bazi ukuthi bakhulelwe. Isizathu esiqondile sokuthi lokhu kwenzeka asiqondakali ngaso sonke isikhathi, kodwa izinto eziningi zingandisa amathuba.

Ukwehluleka kwe-folic acid yisizathu esiqondakala kahle kakhulu. Le vithamini ye-B ibalulekile ekwakheni kahle kwe-neural tube. Uma kungekho folic acid eyanele ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwasekuqaleni, amathuba e-spina bifida andisa kakhulu. Kungakho odokotela bechaza izithasiselo ze-folic acid kwabesifazane abangase bakhulelwe.

I-Genetics idlala indima, nakuba i-spina bifida ingadluliselwa ngqo njengebala leloku.

Imithi ethile ingaphazamisa indlela umzimba osebenzisa ngayo i-folic acid. Imithi yokulwa nokuhlushwa, ikakhulukazi i-valproic acid, ingandisa ingozi. Uma uthatha le mithi futhi uhlela ukukhulelwa, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngezinketho eziphephile kakhulu.

Ezinye izinto ezingase zinikeze igalelo zihlanganisa ushukela olungalawulwa kahle ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, ukukhuluphala, nokuqhuma okuphezulu komzimba okuvela ekushiseni noma ekusebenziseni i-hot tub ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwasekuqaleni. Noma kunjalo, abantwana abaningi abane-spina bifida bazalwa kumama angenazo lezi zinto ezingozi.

Ziyini izinto ezingozi ze-Spina Bifida?

Ukuqonda izinto ezingozi kungakusiza ukwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi, ikakhulukazi uma uhlela ukukhulelwa. Khumbula ukuthi ukuba nezinto ezingozi akusho ukuthi i-spina bifida izoqiniswa.

Into enkulu engozi ukungatholi i-folic acid eyanele ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwasekuqaleni. Umzimba wakho udinga le vithamini ukusiza i-neural tube ukuthi ivale kahle. Abesifazane abangathathi izithasiselo ze-folic acid noma badli izibiliboko ezinengiwe ze-folate banengozi enkulu.

Ukukhulelwa kwangaphambili nge-neural tube defect kukwandisa ingozi yokukhulelwa kwesikhathi esizayo. Uma uke waba ne-baby ene-spina bifida, udokotela wakho uzokuncoma izilinganiso eziphezulu ze-folic acid ngokukhulelwa kwesikhathi esizayo futhi angase acele ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe.

Ezinye izimo zempilo zingase zikhulise ingozi. Ushukela olungalawulwa kahle ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa luhlupha indlela i-baby ezikhula ngayo. Ezinye izimo ze-genetic ezihlupha indlela umzimba wakho osebenzisa ngayo i-folate zingase futhi zinikeze ingozi enkulu.

Ubudala nobuzwe bidlala indima encane. Abesifazane abangaphansi kweminyaka engu-20 nabangaphezu kweminyaka engu-35 banengozi enkulu kancane, futhi abesifazane base-Hispanic banesilinganiso esiphezulu se-neural tube defects uma kuqhathaniswa namanye amaqembu ezizwe. Noma kunjalo, lezi zinto azibalulekile kakhulu kunokungenisa i-folic acid.

Nini okumele ubona udokotela nge-Spina Bifida?

Uma ukhulelwe, ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile kokukhulelwa kuhlanganisa ukuhlola i-spina bifida. Udokotela wakho uzokunikeza izivivinyo zegazi ne-ultrasounds ezingase zithole i-neural tube defects ekuqaleni kokukhulelwa, ngokuvamile phakathi kwamasonto angu-15-20.

Emindenini enengane enes-spina bifida, ukunakekelwa okujwayelekile kwemithi kubalulekile. Uzothanda ukubona iqembu lezokwelapha lengane yakho uma ubona izinguquko ekuhambeni, ubuthakathaka obusha ezinyaweni, noma izinkinga zokulawula isiphuzo noma isisu ezibonakala zihlukile kunokujwayelekile.

Izimpawu ezidinga ukunakekelwa kwemithi ngokushesha zihlanganisa izikhathi ezinzima zezinhlungu zikhanda, ukugabha, izinguquko embonweni, noma ukulala okungavamile. Lezi zingase zibonise izinkinga ezinjenge-hydrocephalus noma izinkinga ze-shunt ezidinga ukwelashwa ngokushesha.

Uma uhlela ukukhulelwa futhi unezinto ezingozi, khuluma nodokotela wakho ngaphambi kokuba uqale ukuzama ukuthola i-baby. Bangakusiza ukulungisa impilo yakho futhi baqinisekise ukuthi uthola inani elifanele le-folic acid.

Ziyini izinkinga ezingase zenzeke nge-Spina Bifida?

Nakuba ukucabanga ngezinkinga kungase kuzwakale kukhulu, ukuziqonda kusiza ukwazi ukuthi yini okufanele uyibone nokuthi amaqembu ezokwelapha angasiza kanjani ukuwalawula ngokuphumelelayo.

I-Hydrocephalus ingenye yezinkinga ezivamile kakhulu, ehlupha cishe amaphesenti angu-80 ezingane ezine-myelomeningocele. Lokhu kwenzeka lapho umthombo wakha khona ebuchosheni, mhlawumbe ubangela ukubambezeleka kokuthuthuka noma ubunzima bokufunda. Ama-shunts afakwe ngokuhlinzwa angalawula le simo ngokuphumelelayo ezimweni eziningi.

Izinselele zokunyakaza zihluka kakhulu kuye kokuthi umgogodla uhlushwe kuphi. Abanye abantwana bahamba ngokuzimela, abanye basebenzisa ama-braces noma ama-walkers, kanti abanye basebenzisa izitulo zamavili. Ukwelashwa komzimba nezinsiza zokulungisa zisiza ekuthuthukiseni ukuzimela kungakhathaliseki izinga lokuhamba.

Izinkinga zokulawula isiphuzo nesisu zivame kakhulu ezinhlotsheni ezinzima kakhulu. Lokhu kwenzeka ngoba izinzwa ezilawula le misebenzi zingase zihlupheke. Izindlela eziningi zokuphatha, kuhlanganise imithi ne-catheterization, zingasiza abantu ukuba baphile ngokunethezeka nangesibindi.

Ukungahambisani kokufunda kwenzeka kwabanye abantwana, ikakhulu labo abane-hydrocephalus. Lezi zingase zihlanganise ubunzima bokuqaphela, ukucubungula ulwazi, noma ukulungisa imisebenzi. Ukungenelela kwasekuqaleni nokwesekwa kokufunda kungenza umehluko omkhulu empumelelweni yemfundo.

Izinkinga ezingavamile zihlanganisa izinkinga zesikhumba ezivela ekuhlulekeni kokuzwa, izinkinga ze-orthopedic ezinjenge-scoliosis noma izinkinga ze-hip, nezifo ze-latex ezivela ekuphindaphindweni kwezindlela zokwelapha. Iqembu lakho lezokwelapha lizokuhlola lokhu futhi linikeze ukunakekelwa okufanele uma kudingeka.

I-Spina Bifida ingavikeleka kanjani?

Indlela ephumelelayo kakhulu yokuvimbela i-spina bifida ukusebenzisa i-folic acid ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwasekuqaleni. Lesi sinyathelo esilula singanciphisa ingozi ye-neural tube defects ngisho nangamaphesenti angu-70.

Abesifazane bonke abaseminyakeni yokuzala kufanele bathathe ama-micrograms angu-400 e-folic acid nsuku zonke, ngisho noma abahleli ukukhulelwa. Njengoba ukukhula kwe-neural tube kwenzeka ekuqaleni, ngokuvamile ngaphambi kokuba wazi ukuthi ukhulelwe, ukuba namanani e-folic acid eyanele kusengaphambili kubalulekile.

Uma uke waba nokukhulelwa kwangaphambili okuhlushwe yi-spina bifida, udokotela wakho uzokuncoma inani elikhulu le-folic acid, ngokuvamile ama-micrograms angu-4,000 nsuku zonke, uqale okungenani inyanga ngaphambi kokuthola i-baby. Le dosing enkulu inciphisa kakhulu ingozi yokubuya.

Ukudla ukudla okunengiwe kwe-folate kusiza futhi, nakuba kunzima ukuthola eyanele ekudleni kuphela. Imithombo emihle ihlanganisa imifino eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, izithelo ze-citrus, amabhinca, nama-cereals aqinisiwe. Imikhiqizo eminingi yokudla manje iqinisiwe nge-folic acid ngokukhethekile ukusiza ukuvimbela i-neural tube defects.

Ukulawula ezinye izimo zempilo ngaphambi kokukhulelwa kubalulekile futhi. Uma une-diabetes, sebenzisana nodokotela wakho ukuze uthole ukulawulwa okuhle kweswekile ngaphambi kokuthola i-baby. Gwema imithi ephazamisa i-folic acid ngaphandle uma kudingeka ngempela, futhi uxoxe ngezinketho ezihlukile nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo.

I-Spina Bifida ihlonishwa kanjani?

I-Spina bifida ngokuvamile ihlonishwa ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa ngokuhlolwa okujwayelekile kokukhulelwa, nakuba ngezinye izikhathi itholakala ekuzalweni noma kamuva ekuphileni ngezimo ezilula.

Ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, udokotela wakho uzokunikeza ukuhlolwa kwegazi okuthiwa yi-AFP (alpha-fetoprotein) screening cishe phakathi kwamasonto angu-15-20. Amanani aphezulu kunokujwayelekile angase abonise i-neural tube defect. Uma lo mviwo ubonisa amanani aphezulu, udokotela wakho uzokuncoma ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe ukuze uthole isithombe esicacile.

I-Ultrasound imaging inikeza imibono eningiliziwe yomgogodla we-baby yakho ezikhula futhi ngokuvamile ingase ithole i-spina bifida ngokuqondile. Ama-ultrasounds aphezulu angabonisa isikhala emgogodleni futhi asize ekuqondeni uhlobo nobunzima besimo.

I-Amniocentesis, lapho inani elincane lomthombo we-amniotic lihlolwa khona, lingaqinisekisa ukuxilongwa futhi linikeze ulwazi olwengeziwe ngesimo se-baby. Lo mviwo ngokuvamile unikezwa lapho eminye imivuyo yokuhlola ibonisa izinkinga ezingase zenzeke.

Ngemva kokuzalwa, odokotela ngokuvamile bangaxilonga i-spina bifida ngokuhlola komzimba. Bazobona izimpawu ezibonakalayo ezinjengesiphango emuva noma izinguquko zesikhumba phezu komgogodla. Ukuhlolwa okwengeziwe njenge-MRI noma i-CT scans kusiza ekuqondeni ubunzima besimo nokuhlela ukwelashwa.

Ukwelashwa kwe-Spina Bifida yini?

Ukwelashwa kwe-spina bifida kuxhomeke kuhlobo nobunzima, kodwa umgomo uhlala ukusiza abantu ukuba baphile ngokuzimela nangokunethezeka ngangokunokwenzeka.

Nge-spina bifida occulta, ukwelashwa ngokuvamile akudingeki ngoba lolu hlobo olukhulu aluvamise ukubangela izinkinga. Udokotela wakho angase acele ukulandelela ngesikhathi sobuntwana ukubuka noma yiziphi izinguquko, kodwa abantu abaningi abadingi ukwelashwa okuthile.

I-Meningocele ngokuvamile idinga ukuhlinzwa ukuvala isikhala nokususa isikhwama esigcwele umthombo. Lolu hlinzwe ngokuvamile luphumelela, futhi abantwana ngokuvamile bathuthuka ngokujwayelekile ngemva kwalokho ngemiphumela emincane yesikhathi eside.

I-Myelomeningocele idinga ukunakekelwa okubanzi okuqala ngokushesha ngemva kokuzalwa. Ukuhlinzwa ezinsukwini ezimbalwa zokuqala zokuphila kuvala isikhala ukuvimbela ukutheleleka nokulimazeka okwengeziwe kwezinzwa. Amanye amasiko ezokwelapha manje anikeza ukuhlinzwa kwe-fetal ngesikhathi sokukhulelwa, okungase kuthuthukise imiphumela kubantwana abathile.

Uma i-hydrocephalus ithuthuka, abachwepheshe bokuhlinzwa bafaka uhlelo lwe-shunt ukuze basuse umthombo owengeziwe ebuchosheni. Leli phukuthe eliphansi liqondisa umthombo kwenye ingxenye yomzimba lapho ungase uthathwe khona ngokuphephile. Ukulandelela okujwayelekile kuqinisekisa ukuthi i-shunt iyaqhubeka isebenza kahle.

Ukwelashwa komzimba kuqala ekuqaleni futhi kuqhubeka kulo lonke ubuntwana nangaphezulu. Abachwepheshe bokwelashwa komzimba basiza abantwana ukuba bathuthukise amandla, ukuxhumanisa, kanye nekhono lokuhamba. Bafundisa nemindeni imisebenzi nezinqubo zokusekela ukuthuthuka kwengane yabo ekhaya.

Ukwelashwa kwe-Occupational kugxila emakhonweni okuhlala kwansuku zonke, kusiza abantwana ukuba bafunde ukugqoka, ukudla, nokulawula imisebenzi yokunakekelwa komuntu siqu ngokuzimela. Abachwepheshe bokwelashwa futhi bancoma izinto zokulungisa ezenza imisebenzi yansuku zonke ibe lula futhi ilawuleke.

Ungalawula kanjani i-Spina Bifida ekhaya?

Ukulawula i-spina bifida ekhaya kuhilela ukudala izindlela zokuphila ezisekela impilo yengane yakho nokuzimela ngenkathi ugcina impilo yomndeni ojwayelekile.

Ukunakekelwa kwesikhumba kubalulekile kakhulu kubantwana abane-sensation ephansi ezinyaweni zabo. Hlola nsuku zonke izigaxa, ama-bruises, noma ama-pressure sores, ikakhulukazi uma ingane yakho isebenzisa ama-braces noma isihlalo samavili. Gcina isikhumba sihlanzekile futhi siwomile, futhi uqinisekise ukuthi izicathulo zifanelana kahle ukuvimbela ukulimala.

Ukulawula kwesisu nesisu kuba yingxenye yomkhuba wakho wansuku zonke. Abantwana abaningi bafunda ukusebenzisa ama-catheters noma balandele izikhathi zokuthwala. Sebenzisana neqembu lakho lezokwelapha ukuthola indlela esebenza kahle kakhulu kengane yakho nesimo somndeni.

Ukuzivocavoca nokuzivocavoca kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni amandla nokuvimbela izinkinga. Ukubhukuda ngokuvamile kuyinto enhle kakhulu yokuzivocavoca kubantwana abane-spina bifida, njengoba yakha amandla ngaphandle kokubeka uxinzelelo ezinhlanganweni. Khombisa imisebenzi efanele iminyaka engane yakho eyithandayo.

Qaphela izimpawu ezingase zibonise izinkinga, ezinjengokuguquka kokuziphatha, ubuthakathaka obusha, noma izinkinga zokusebenza kwe-shunt uma ingane yakho inayo. Themba izinzwa zakho njengomzali – uyayazi ingane yakho kangcono futhi ngokuvamile ungathola izinguquko ngaphambi kokuba abanye bazibone.

Gcina imihlangano yokwelapha ejwayelekile ngisho noma konke kubonakala kuhamba kahle. Iqembu lezokwelapha lengane yakho lingathola izinkinga ezingase zenzeke ekuqaleni futhi lilungise ukwelashwa njengoba ingane yakho ikhula futhi ithuthuka.

Kufanele ulungiselele kanjani umhlangano wakho nodokotela?

Ukulungiselela imihlangano yokwelapha kusiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola okuningi kakhulu ngesikhathi sakho neqembu lezokunakekelwa kwempilo futhi ungakhohlwa imibuzo noma ukukhathazeka okubalulekile.

Gcina uhlu lanoma yiziphi izinguquko ozibonile esimweni sengane yakho, kuhlanganise izimpawu ezintsha, izinguquko ekuhambeni, noma ukungafani kwemizamo yesisu noma isisu. Ngisho noguquko olucacile lunganikeza ulwazi olubalulekile eqenjini lakho lezokwelapha.

Letha uhlu olukhona lwemithi yonke, kuhlanganise nezinga kanye nokuthi ithathiwe kangaki. Faka noma yiziphi izithasiselo noma imithi yokuthengwa ngaphandle kwesikripthi ingane yakho eyiphuza njalo.

Bhala imibuzo ngaphambi kokuba uye emhlanganweni. Kulula ukukhohlwa ukuthi ufunani ukubuza uma ugxile kulokho udokotela akutshela khona. Unganqikazi ukucela incazelo uma ungakuqondi okuthile.

Uma ingane yakho inayo i-shunt, lungela ukuxoxa nganoma yiziphi izimpawu ezingase zibonise izinkinga, ezinjengokukhathazeka kwekhanda, ukugabha, noma izinguquko kokuziphatha. Ukubona kwakho ekhaya kubalulekile ekuqondeni ukusebenza kwe-shunt.

Cabanga ukuletha enye ilungu lomndeni noma umngani emihlanganweni ebalulekile. Bangakusiza ukukhumbula ukuthi yini exoxiwe futhi banikeze ukwesekwa ngesikhathi sokuvakasha okucindezelayo.

Yini eyisifundo esiyinhloko nge-Spina Bifida?

I-Spina bifida yisimo esilawuleka esithinta umuntu ngamunye ngokuhlukile, futhi ngenxa yokunakekelwa kwemithi efanele nokwesekwa, abantu abane-spina bifida bangaphila impilo egcwele, ezazimele.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi ukuvimbela kunokwenzeka. Ukusebenzisa i-folic acid ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokukhulelwa kwasekuqaleni kunganciphisa kakhulu ingozi ye-neural tube defects. Uma uhlela ukukhulelwa, qala ukusebenzisa izithasiselo ze-folic acid manje.

Emindenini ephila ne-spina bifida, khumbula ukuthi awuwedwa. Ukuthuthuka kwezokwelapha kuyaqhubeka nokuthuthukisa imiphumela, futhi amaqembu okunakekelwa okubanzi ayakuthola ukukusekela wena nengane yakho. Ukungenelela kwasekuqaleni nokunakekelwa okujwayelekile kwemithi kwenza umehluko omkhulu kwimiphumela yesikhathi eside.

Ingane ngayinye enes-spina bifida inamandla nezinkinga ezihlukile. Gxila kulokho ingane yakho engakwenza kunokulinganiselwa, futhi sebenzisana neqembu lakho lezokwelapha ukuze uthuthukise ukuzimela nekhwalithi yempilo.

Imibuzo evamile ebuzwa nge-Spina Bifida

Q1: Abantu abane-spina bifida bangaba nezingane?

Yebo, abantu abaningi abane-spina bifida bangaba nezingane. Ukukhulelwa ngokuvamile kuyajwayelekile, nakuba ezinye izingxenye zokukhulelwa nokubeletha zingase zidinga ukunakekelwa kwemithi ekhethekile. Abesifazane abane-spina bifida kufanele basebenzisane eduze neqembu labo lezokwelapha lapho behlola ukukhulelwa ukuze baqinisekise imiphumela emihle kakhulu kokubili umama ne-baby.

Q2: Ingane yami enes-spina bifida izohamba?

Amandla okuhamba axhomeke kuhlobo nendawo ye-spina bifida. Abantwana abaningi abanezigameko ezilula bahamba ngokujwayelekile, kanti abanye bangase basebenzise ama-braces, ama-walkers, noma izitulo zamavili. Ukwelashwa komzimba nezinsiza zokulungisa zingasiza ekuthuthukiseni ukuhamba nokuzimela kungakhathaliseki amakhono okuhamba.

Q3: Abantu abane-spina bifida baphila isikhathi esingakanani?

Ngenxa yokunakekelwa kwemithi efanele, abantu abaningi abane-spina bifida banesikhathi sokuphila esivamile noma esiseduze nokujwayelekile. Ukuthuthuka ekwelapheni, ikakhulukazi ekulawuleni i-hydrocephalus nokuvimbela izinkinga, kuye kwathuthukisa kakhulu imiphumela yesikhathi eside eminyakeni eminingi edlule.

Q4: I-Spina bifida ingaphiliswa?

I-Spina bifida ayikwazi ukwelashwa, kodwa ingalawulwa kahle. Ukuhlinzwa kungavala isikhala emgogodleni futhi kulungise izinkinga ezinjenge-hydrocephalus. Izindlela ezahlukene zokwelapha nokuphatha zisiza abantu abane-spina bifida ukuba baphile ngokuzimela futhi balawule noma yiziphi izinselele eziphakamayo.

Q5: I-Spina bifida iyadluliselwa?

I-Spina bifida ayidluliselwa ngqo njengezinye izimo ze-genetic, kodwa kunengozi enkulu kancane uma isebenza emndenini wakho. Uma une-baby enes-spina bifida, ingozi yokukhulelwa kwesikhathi esizayo inkulu kunokujwayelekile, kodwa ukusebenzisa i-folic acid enkulu kunganciphisa kakhulu le ngozi.