Ukushisa Kwelanga: Izimpawu, Izimbangela, Nokwelapha

Ukushisa Kwelanga Kuyini?

Ukushisa kwelanga kungukusabela okungalungile kwesikhumba sakho ekukhanyeni kwelanga, kubangele ukuqhuma, izibopho, noma ezinye izimpawu ezingathandeki uma ukhombiswe imisebe ye-UV. Kuvamile kunokuba ucabanga, kulimaza abantu bazo zonke izinsuku nohlobo lwesikhumba.

Cabanga ngakho njengesistimu yakho yokukhulula ehluleka ukubheka ukukhanya kwelanga njengengozi. Esikhundleni sokuqhakaza noma ukushisa njengabantu abaningi, isikhumba sakho siqala ukusabela okufana nokwemvelo okungaba ukukhathazeka okuncane kuya ezimpawu ezinkulu.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi ukushisa kwelanga kuphatheka uma uqonda ukuthi yini ekuqalisa. Abantu abaningi bangakujabulela ukusebenza ngaphandle ngokuqapha okulungile nendlela yokwelapha.

Ziyini Izimpawu Zokushisa Kwelanga?

Izimpawu zokushisa kwelanga zivame ukuvela ngemizuzu embalwa kuya emahoreni ambalwa ngemuva kokukhombiswa ilanga, nakuba ngezinye izikhathi kungathatha usuku noma amabili ukuze zivele. Ukusabela kuvame ukuvela ezindaweni ezikhombiswe ilanga.

Nawa ama-symptom avamile ongawabona:

• Ukuqhuma okubomvu, okucasula noma izibopho esikhumbeni esikhombiswe ilanga
• Ama-blisters amancane noma ama-hives angase aphume noma agqoke
• Ukusha noma ukushaya esikhumbeni
• Ukuvuvukala ezindaweni ezikhathazwe
• Isikumba esibuhlungu noma esibuhlungu uma siqondwa
• Ama-patches omile, ane-scale angase ahlanze kamuva

Kwezinye izimo, ungase ube nezimpawu ezivamile njengentloko, isicanucanu, noma ukungakhululeki. Lezi zinto eziphatha wonke umzimba azivamile kodwa zingase zenzeke ngokushisa kwelanga okukhulu.

Izimpawu zivame ukuvela ngendlela efana nokukhombiswa kwelanga. Isibonelo, ungase ubone ukuqhuma kuphela ezingalweni nasebusweni uma lezo zindawo zikhombiswe ilanga.

Ziyini Izinhlobo Zokushisa Kwelanga?

Kunezinhlobo eziningi ezahlukene zokushisa kwelanga, ngayinye inezici zayo nezinqubo zayo. Ukuqonda ukuthi yiluphi uhlobo olukhona kungakusiza ukuqondisa izindlela zakho zokwelapha nokuvimbela.

Uhlobo oluvamile kakhulu lubizwa ngokuthi yi-polymorphic light eruption (PMLE). Lokhu kuhlanganisa cishe u-75% wazo zonke izinhlobo zokushisa kwelanga futhi kuvame ukubangela izibopho ezicasulayo noma ama-patches avela emahoreni ambalwa ngemuva kokukhombiswa ilanga.

I-Solar urticaria enye uhlobo olubangela ama-hives ukuba avele ngemizuzu embalwa ngemuva kokukhombiswa ilanga. Lezi zinto eziphakanyisiwe, ezicasulayo zivame ukuphela ngokushesha uma uphuma elangeni, ngokuvamile ngaphakathi nehora elilodwa.

I-Actinic prurigo iyifomu elingavamile kodwa elihlala isikhathi eside elingase lihlale izinyanga. Ivamise ukuqala ebuntwaneni futhi ilimaza izindawo ezifana nobuso, intamo, nemuva kwezandla ngisho nokukhombiswa okuncane kwelanga.

I-Photoallergic dermatitis kwenzeka uma ukukhanya kwelanga kuqalisa amakhemikhali athile esikhumbeni sakho, njengezithako ezikhishini, ama-perfumes, noma imithi. Lokhu kudala ukusabela okungafani okungase kusabalale ngaphezu kwezindawo ezikhombiswe ilanga.

Yini Ebangele Ukushisa Kwelanga?

Ukushisa kwelanga kwenzeka uma isistimu yakho yokukhulula isabela kakhulu ezinguqukweni zesikhumba sakho ezibangelwa ukukhanya kwe-UV. Isizathu esiqondile sokuthi kungani abanye abantu beqala lobu buthakathaka asiqondakali ngokuphelele, kodwa i-genetics cishe idlala indima.

Izici eziningi zingaqalisa noma zenzima ukushisa kwelanga:

• Imithi ethile eyenza isikhumba sakho sibe nobuthakathaka ekukhanyeni
• Imikhiqizo ye-topical njenge-sunscreens, ama-perfumes, noma izifebe ze-antibacterial
• Isimo sesistimu yokukhulula
• Ukuhluka kwe-hormonal, ikakhulukazi kwabesifazane
• Ukushisa kwelanga okukhulu noma ukonakala kwesikhumba
• Isikumba esimhlophe esishisa kalula

Imithi ethile iyaziwa ngokubangela ubuthakathaka belanga. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ama-antibiotics athile, ama-diuretics, imithi yokulwa nokuvuvukala, ngisho nezinye izithako ze-herbal njenge-St. John's wort.

Kwezinye izimo, ukushisa kwelanga kungaba yingxenye yesimo se-genetic esithinta indlela umzimba wakho uqeda ngayo ukukhanya. Lezi zimo eziyizizukulwane zivame ukuvela ebuntwaneni futhi zingase zihambisane nezinye izinkinga zempilo.

Nini Okufanele Ubone Udokotela Ngokushisa Kwelanga?

Kufanele ubheke udokotela uma uqala ukusabela okungalungile kwesikhumba ngemuva kokukhombiswa ilanga, ikakhulukazi uma kunzima noma kuqhubeka. Ukuthola ukuxilongwa okulungile kuzokusiza ukuqonda izinto zakho ezithile nezinketho zokwelapha.

Funani usizo lokuthi uma uhlangabezana nanoma yiziphi izimpawu ezinkulu:

• Ukuqhuma okukhulu noma ukuqhuma okubanzi
• Izimpawu zokutheleleka njenge-pus, ukuqhuma okubomvu, noma ukushisa
• Ubunzima bokuthanda noma ukugwinya
• Ukuvuvukala okukhulu kobuso, izindebe, noma olulimi
• Isicanucanu, ukugabha, noma ukungakhululeki
• Izimpawu eziyenza kakhulu ngaphandle kokugwema ukukhombiswa ilanga

Kufanele ubone nodokotela uma izimpawu zakho zokushisa kwelanga zithinta imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke noma ikhwalithi yempilo. Kunezindlela zokwelapha ezisebenza kahle ezitholakalayo ezingakusiza ukuphatha le simo.

Uma uthatha imithi, kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngobuthakathaka belanga nodokotela wakho. Bangabuyekeza imithi yakho futhi bacebise ezinye izinto uma kudingeka.

Ziyini Izingozi Zokushisa Kwelanga?

Izici ezithile zingandisa amathuba akho okuba nokushisa kwelanga noma zenze izimpawu zakho zibe zimbi. Ukuqonda lezi zinto ezingozi kungakusiza ukuba uthathe izinyathelo ezengeziwe uma kudingeka.

Abantu abanesikhumba esimhlophe, izinwele ezilula, namehlo alula bavame ukuba sengozini enkulu ngoba isikhumba sabo siqamba i-melanin encane evikela. Noma kunjalo, ukushisa kwelanga kungalimaza abantu bazo zonke izikhumba nezizwe.

Nawa ama-risk factors abalulekile okufanele uwaqaphele:

• Umlando womndeni wokushisa kwelanga noma ezinye izimo zokungafani
• Ukuphila ezindaweni eziphakeme noma ezishisayo ezinokukhanya okukhulu kwe-UV
• Ukuthatha imithi noma izithako ezibangela ubuthakathaka belanga
• Ukuba nezifo zesimiso sokuvikela
• Izimo zangaphambili zokushisa kwelanga okukhulu
• Ukukhombiswa amakhemikhali athile noma ama-fragrances
• Ukuba owesifazane, njengoba ukuhluka kwe-hormonal kungandisa ubuthakathaka

Iminyaka ingase idlale indima, ngokushisa kwelanga okuvamise ukuqala ebuntwaneni. Noma kunjalo, kungase kuqale kunoma yimuphi umnyaka, kufaka phakathi ubuntwana noma kamuva ekuphileni.

Ngokuthakazelisayo, abantu abachitha isikhathi sabo esiningi ngaphakathi bangase babe sengozini enkulu uma bekhombiswa ilanga. Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi isikhumba sabo asizange sibe nethuba lokuthuthukisa kancane ukubambelela ekukhanyeni kwe-UV.

Ziyini Izingozi Ezingase Zenzeke Ngokushisa Kwelanga?

Nakuba ukushisa kwelanga ngokuvamile kungabi yingozi, kungase kube nezingozi eziningi uma kungaphathwa kahle. Ukukhathazeka okukhulu ngokuvamile ukungakhululeki nethonya emisebenzini yakho yansuku zonke.

Izingozi ezingase zenzeke okufanele uzazi zihlanganisa:

• Ukutheleleka kwe-bacterial okuvela ekuqothuleni izindawo ezicasulayo
• Ukulimala kwesikhumba okungapheli noma ukunqunywa
• Ukungena engozini enkulu yomdlavuza wesikhumba ngenxa yokuvuvukala okuphindaphindayo
• Ukwehluleka kwe-vitamin D ngenxa yokugwema ilanga ngokweqile
• Ukuhlukaniswa komphakathi noma ukucindezeleka ngenxa yokulinganisela imisebenzi yangaphandle
• Ukubi kakhulu kwesimo ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngaphandle kokwelashwa okulungile

Kwezinye izimo, ukushisa kwelanga okukhulu kungabangela ukusabela kwesistimu okubangela wonke umzimba. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise ubunzima bokuthanda, ukuvuvukala okukhulu, noma izimpawu ezifana nokuthukuthela ezidinga ukunakekelwa ngokushesha kwezokwelapha.

Izindaba ezinhle ukuthi izinhlupheko eziningi zingavimbeka ngokunakekelwa okulungile nokwelashwa. Ukusebenzisana nodokotela wakho ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lokuphatha kungakusiza ukuba ugweme lezi zinkinga ngenkathi ujabulela imisebenzi yangaphandle ngokuphepha.

Ungakuvimbela Kanjani Ukushisa Kwelanga?

Ukuvimbela ukushisa kwelanga kuvame ukuba nemiphumela emihle kunokwelapha ngemuva kokuba kwenzeke. Ikhona ukufumana ibhalansi efanele phakathi kokuvimbela ilanga nokugcina ikhwalithi yempilo yakho.

Qala ngalezi zindlela zokuvimbela ezibalulekile:

• Sebenzisa i-sunscreen ebanzi ye-spectrum ene-SPF 30 noma ngaphezulu, uyibeke kabusha njalo emahoreni ama-2
• Gqoka izingubo ezivikela, iziqalo ezibanzi, nezibuko ze-UV
• Funani isithunzi ngesikhathi sehora lelanga elikhulu (10 AM kuya ku-4 PM)
• Andisa kancane ukukhombiswa kwelanga ukuze wakhe ukubambelela
• Gwema imikhiqizo eyaziwayo njenge-perfumes ethile noma imithi
• Hlala uthambile futhi ugcine isikhumba sakho siqhele

Uma uthatha imithi eyenza ubuthakathaka belanga, xoxa nodokotela wakho ngokuqapha imithi yakho noma ukusebenzisa ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ngezinyanga ezishisayo. Ungalokothi uyeke imithi eyalelwe ngaphandle kwesiqondiso sezokwelapha.

Kwabanye abantu, ukwelashwa kokukhanya okulungisiwe ngaphansi kokunakekelwa kwezokwelapha kungasiza ukwakha ukubambelela ekukhanyeni kwe-UV. Le ndlela yokukhombiswa kancane ingase ibe usizo ngaphambi kwezinyanga zasehlobo noma amaholide alangeni.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuvikela ilanga akusho ukugwema ilanga ngokuphelele. Ngokuqapha okulungile, abantu abaningi abanesikhumba esishisayo bangakujabulela imisebenzi yangaphandle ngokuphepha nangokunethezeka.

Ukushisa Kwelanga Kuhlolwa Kanjani?

Ukuxilongwa kokushisa kwelanga ngokuvamile kuhlanganisa umlando wakho wezokwelapha, ukuhlolwa komzimba, ngezinye izikhathi ukuhlolwa okukhethekile. Udokotela wakho uzofuna ukuqonda izimpawu zakho futhi akhiphe ezinye izimo zesikhumba.

Ngesikhathi sokuqokwa kwakho, udokotela wakho uzokubuza ngesikhathi izimpawu zakho zivela, zibonakala kanjani, nokuthi uqaphele noma yiziphi izindlela noma izinto ezibangela.

Udokotela wakho angase enze ukuhlolwa okuthile:

• Ukuhlolwa kwe-photo ukuze ubone ukuthi isikhumba sakho sisabela kanjani ekukhanyeni kwe-UV okulungisiwe
• Ukuhlolwa kwe-photopatch ukuze uthole izinto ezithile ezikhemikhali ezibangela
• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukuze uhlole izimo zesimiso sokuvikela
• I-biopsy yesikhumba kwezinye izimo lapho ukuxilongwa kungacaci

Ukuhlolwa kwe-photo kuyindlela evamile nethembekile yokuxilonga ukushisa kwelanga. Izindawo ezincane zesikhumba sakho zikhombiswa izinhlobo ezahlukene zokukhanya kwe-UV ukuze ubone ukuthi yiziphi ezibangela ukusabela kwakho.

Yonke inqubo yokuxilonga ingathatha amasonto ambalwa, ikakhulukazi uma kudingeka ukuhlolwa okuningi. Noma kunjalo, ukuthola ukuxilongwa okulungile kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni uhlelo lokwelapha olusebenza kahle olufanele uhlobo lwakho oluthile lokushisa kwelanga.

Yikuphi Ukwelapha Kokushisa Kwelanga?

Ukuphatha ukushisa kwelanga kugxile ekulawuleni izimpawu nokuvimbela ukusabela kwesikhathi esizayo. Indlela ethile ixhomeke kuhlobo lwakho lokushisa kwelanga nokuthi izimpawu zakho zinzima kangakanani.

Ukuthola ukukhululeka kwesikhathi esifushane, udokotela wakho angase acebise:

• I-topical corticosteroids ukunciphisa ukuvuvukala nokucasula
• Ama-antihistamines ukusiza ngokusabela okungafani
• Ama-compresses abandayo noma i-aloe vera gel ukuthola ukukhululeka okuthambile
• Ama-moisturizers ukuvimbela ukumile kwesikhumba nokubhebhetheka
• Imithi yokunciphisa ubuhlungu ngenxa yokungakhululeki

Kwezinye izimo ezinzima noma ezihlala isikhathi eside, ukwelashwa okunamandla kungase kudingeke. Lokhu kungase kuhlanganise imithi ye-topical enamandla, i-corticosteroids yomlomo yokusetshenziswa okufushane, noma imithi yokucindezela isistimu yokukhulula kwezinye izimo.

Ukuphathwa kokukhanya okulungisiwe, okuthiwa yi-phototherapy, kungaba usizo kwabanye abantu. Lokhu kuhlanganisa ukukhombiswa kancane kwesikhumba sakho ngamanani okulungisiwe kokukhanya kwe-UV ukuze wakhe ukubambelela ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Udokotela wakho uzosebenza nawe ukuze uthole ukuxuba okulungile kokwelapha okulawula izimpawu zakho ngenkathi ukwazi ukugcina indlela yokuphila esebenzayo. Abantu abaningi babona ukuthuthuka okukhulu ngokwelashwa okulungile.

Indlela Yokuphatha Ukushisa Kwelanga Ekhaya?

Ukuphatha ukushisa kwelanga ekhaya kuhlanganisa ukwelapha izimpawu ezikhona nokuvimbela ukushisa kwesikhathi esizayo. Ukunakekelwa okulula, okuthambile kungenza umehluko omkhulu ezingeni lakho lokuthula.

Uma uhlangabezana nezimpawu, zama lezi zindlela zokuthula:

• Thatha izimbobo noma ama-showers abandayo ukuze uthule isikhumba esicasulayo
• Sebenzisa izindwangu ezibandayo, ezimanzi ezindaweni ezikhathazwe imizuzu engu-10-15
• Sebenzisa ama-moisturizers angenamphunga ngenkathi isikhumba sakho sisamanzi
• Gwema ukuqothula noma ukuqhwanyaza izindawo ezikhathazwe
• Gqoka izinto eziqhele, ezithambile ezingase zicasule isikhumba sakho
• Hlala ezindaweni ezina-air conditioning noma ezibandayo uma kungenzeka

Ukuvikela kwansuku zonke, yenza ukuvikela ilanga kube umkhuba ngisho nasezinsukwini ezinamvula. Imisebe ye-UV ingase ihlanze amafu futhi ibe nemiphumela kubantu abanobuthakathaka.

Gcina idayari yesimpawu ukuze uqaphele ukuthi yini ebangele ukusabela kwakho. Qaphela isikhathi sosuku, izimo zezulu, imikhiqizo oyisebenzisile, nanoma iyiphi imithi oyithathe. Lolu lwazi lungakusiza wena nodokotela wakho ukuthi niqonde izindlela.

Cabanga ngokuthenga izingubo ezivikela i-UV, ikakhulukazi uma uchitha isikhathi esiningi ngaphandle. Lezi zinto ezakhiwe ngokukhethekile zingakusiza ngokwengeziwe kunokugqoka okuvamile.

Kufanele Uzilungiselele Kanjani Ukuqokwa Kwakho Nodokotela?

Ukulungiselela ukuqokwa kwakho nodokotela kungasiza ukuqinisekisa ukuthi uthola ukuxilongwa okulungile kakhulu nohlelo lokwelapha olusebenza kahle. Ukuletha ulwazi olufanele kuzokonga isikhathi futhi kuholele ekunakekelweni okungcono.

Ngaphambi kokuqokwa kwakho, butha lolu lwazi olubalulekile:

• Uhlu lwemithi yonke, izithako, nemikhiqizo ye-topical oyisebenzisayo
• Izithombe zokusabela kwesikhumba sakho, ikakhulukazi uma kungabonakali manje
• Imininingwane mayelana nokuthi izimpawu zivela nini nokuthi zihlala isikhathi esingakanani
• Amanothi mayelana nokuthi yini eyenze izimpawu zakho zibe ngcono noma zimbi
• Umlando womndeni wokungafani noma izimo zesimiso sokuvikela
• Noma yikuphi ukwelashwa okwengaphambili okuye kwazama kanye nemiphumela yalo

Bhala imibuzo yakho ngaphambili ukuze ungakhohlwa ukuyibuza. Imibuzo evamile ihlanganisa ukubuza ngezilinganiso zokukhombiswa kwelanga eziphephile, ukuthi yiziphi izinscreen ezisebenza kangcono, nokuthi isimo sakho singase sibe zimbi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.

Uma kungenzeka, hlela ukuqokwa kwakho ngesikhathi lapho uhlangabezana nezimpawu. Lokhu kuvumela udokotela wakho ukuba abone ukusabela ngqo, okungaba usizo kakhulu ekuxilongweni.

Cabanga ngokuletha umngane othembekile noma ilungu lomndeni elingakusiza ukuba ukhumbule ulwazi olubalulekile oluxoxwe ngesikhathi sokuqokwa.

Iyini Iphuzu Eliyinhloko Ngokushisa Kwelanga?

Ukushisa kwelanga kuyisimo esiphatheka esingakuvimbeli ukujabulela imisebenzi yangaphandle. Ngokwazi okulungile, izindlela zokuvikela, nohlelo lokwelapha, abantu abaningi bangalawula izimpawu zabo ngokuphumelelayo.

Into ebaluleke kakhulu okumele uyikhumbule ukuthi ukushisa kwelanga kuyahluka kakhulu kumuntu nomuntu. Okusebenza komunye umuntu kungase kungasebenzi kuwe, ngakho kubalulekile ukusebenzisana nodokotela wakho ukuthuthukisa indlela ehlukile.

Ukuqaphela okusheshayo nokuphatha okulungile kungavimbela izinhlupheko futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi yempilo yakho. Unganqikazi ukufuna usizo lokuthi uma ucindezela ukuthi une-sun allergy, ikakhulukazi uma izimpawu zakho zinzima noma zithinta imisebenzi yakho yansuku zonke.

Khumbula ukuthi ukuvikela ilanga kuzuzisa wonke umuntu, hhayi labo abanesikhumba esishisayo kuphela. Imikhuba oyithuthukisayo ukulawula isimo sakho ingase isize futhi ukuvimbela umdlavuza wesikhumba nokuguga kwangaphambi kwesikhathi.

Imibuzo Evamile Ngokushisa Kwelanga

Ingabe ukushisa kwelanga kungase kuqale ngokuzumayo kubantu abadala?

Yebo, ukushisa kwelanga kungase kuqale kunoma yimuphi umnyaka, ngisho noma awukaze ube nezinkinga zokukhombiswa ilanga ngaphambili. Ukuhluka kwemithi, ama-hormones, noma ukusebenza kwesistimu yokukhulula kungase kuqalise ubuthakathaka obusha. Abantu abaningi baqala ukushisa kwelanga eminyakeni yabo engu-20 noma engu-30, kodwa kungase kuvele kamuva ekuphileni.

Ingabe ukushisa kwelanga kufana nokungafani ne-sunscreen?

Cha, lezi zizimo ezahlukene, nakuba ngezinye izikhathi zingase zenzeke ndawonye. Ukushisa kwelanga kungukusabela ekukhanyeni kwe-UV, kuyilapho ukungafani ne-sunscreen kungukusabela ezithakathweni ezithile zemikhiqizo ye-sunscreen. Noma kunjalo, abanye abantu abanesikhumba esishisayo bangase babe nobuthakathaka ezithakathweni ezithile ze-sunscreen, okwenza ukufumana ukuvikela okulungile kube nzima.

Ingabe ukushisa kwelanga kwami kuzoba kubi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi?

Ukushisa kwelanga kungase kuhluke ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, ngezinye izikhathi kuba ngcono noma kubi ngokuya ngezinto eziningi. Abanye abantu bathola ukuthi izimpawu zabo ziyathuthuka ngokuphatha okulungile nokukhombiswa kwelanga kancane, kuyilapho abanye bengase badinge ukwelashwa okuqhubekayo. Ukulandelela njalo nodokotela wakho kungasiza ukulandelela izinguquko nokwenza uhlelo lwakho lokwelapha luhambisane nezidingo.

Ingabe ngingasathola i-vitamin D uma nginesikhumba esishisayo?

Yebo, ungagcina amazinga aphilile e-vitamin D ngisho noma unesikhumba esishisayo. Ungase udinga izithako ze-vitamin D, ikakhulukazi uma ugwema ukukhombiswa kwelanga okukhulu. Abanye abantu bangathola i-vitamin D eyanele ekuvezweni kwelanga okufushane, okuvikelwe noma ngemithombo yokudla njengokudla okuqinisiwe nezinhlanzi ezinamanoni. Xoxa ngendlela engcono kakhulu nodokotela wakho.

Ingabe kukhona izindlela zokwelapha zemvelo ezisiza ngokushisa kwelanga?

Abanye abantu bathola ukukhululeka ngezindlela zemvelo njenge-aloe vera gel, izimbobo ze-oatmeal ezibandayo, noma ama-compresses ethi ye-green. Noma kunjalo, lezi kufanele zengeze, hhayi ukufaka esikhundleni, ukwelashwa kwezokwelapha okulungile nokuvikela ilanga. Xoxa njalo ngezindlela zemvelo nodokotela wakho, njengoba ezinye izithako ze-herbal zingase zikhulise ubuthakathaka belanga.